Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) is an effective anticancer agent for leukemia chemotherapy, although its clinical use has been limited because of its side effects such as cardiotoxicity, alopecia, vomiting, and leucopenia. Attention has been focussed on developing new drug carriers with high adsorption capacity and rapid adsorption rate in order to minimize the side effects of DOX. Graphene oxide (GO), a new type of nanomaterial in the carbon family, was prepared by Hummers method and used as adsorbent for DOX from aqueous solution. The physico-chemical properties of GO were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, and element analysis. The adsorption properties of DOX on GO were studied as a function of contact time, adsorbent dosage, temperature and pH value. The results showed that GO had a maximum adsorption capacity of 1428.57 mg/g and the adsorption isotherm data fitted the Langmuir model. The kinetics of adsorption fits a pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamic studies indicate that the adsorption of DOX on GO is spontaneous and endothermic in nature.

In the present work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared by a simple and green method using carrageenan as reducing and capping agent. The as-synthesized carrageenan-AgNPs was demonstrated as an effective duel colorimetric sensing for selective and sensitive recognition of Cu²⁺ and S²⁻, which could be used to detect these ions with naked eyes. In addition, the possible sensing mechanism was that Cu²⁺ ions caused serious aggregation of carrageenan-AgNPs, which led to the color change of carrageenan-AgNPs. AgNPs were etched by S²⁻ forming Ag₂S, which played an important role in the determination of S²⁻ ions. Furthermore, it has been successfully applied to the determination of Cu²⁺ and S²⁻ in tap water and lake water, showing its great potential for the analysis of environmental water samples.

Carrageenan fiber (CAF) was prepared by a wet spinning method to develop an excellent flame-retardant material. In order to investigate the flame-retardant mechanism of CAF, a series of tests were carried out. The values of limiting oxygen index (LOI), total heat release (THR), and total smoke release (TSR) of CAF reached up to 52, 2.9 MJ m⁻², and 2.5 m² m⁻², respectively, while there was no Time To Ignition (TTI) in cone calorimeter (CONE). These results indicate that CAF exhibits superior flame-retardant performance than other alginate fibers. Thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-DSC-FTIR) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) tests were performed in order to explore the pyrolysis mechanism. The results show that CAF absorbed more heat and produced more carbon residue than calcium alginate fiber (ALF) and agar fiber (AGF) in the process of thermal degradation. In addition, in the current work, we have explored the possible flame-retardant mechanisms which can be attributed to sulfonyl free radical (SFR), carbon residue, barium sulfate, water vapor, and carbon dioxide.