Introduction: Transportation corridors, as special economic corridors, have a greater impact on land cover and landscape pattern changes.Methods: Therefore, 10 buffer zones were established at 1 km intervals on both sides of the Longhai Railway as the centerline to trace the impact of the railroad corridor on the land use change and regional landscape pattern change of the cities along the line from 1985 to 2020.Result: The results show that: (1) The land cover changes along the railroad corridor during the 35 years are mainly characterized by the conversion between cropland, grassland, and construction land. Compared with 1985, in 2020, the construction land increased by 161.96%, the grassland area decreased by 11.83%, and the cropland area decreased by 15.83%. (2) The fragmentation of land patches and vegetation coverage is negatively and positively correlated with the buffer zone distance, respectively. In the same year, the comprehensive land-use dynamic degree is smaller as it is further away from the railway. The nighttime light index in the buffer zone is significantly correlated with the land aggregation index and average patch area, and the closer to the railroad, the higher the land aggregation index of construction land. (3) In terms of zoning, the intensity of land cover and landscape pattern changes in the eastern section is higher than that in the western section, with a higher degree of land fragmentation and more agglomeration of construction land, and the transportation corridor has a greater impact on the change of integrated land use motives in this region. The results of the study can provide a scientific basis for optimising the spatial pattern of land and improving the ecological environment in the construction of cross-regional transport corridors.

Introduction: The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China is home to numerous Ficus altissima Blume (F. altissima) ancient trees over 300 years old, which hold significant cultural, ecological, and scientific research value. However, little is known about their current and future distribution suitability or growth trends. Methods: To address this gap, using machine learning and species distribution models, we analyzed their distribution patterns and habitat suitability changes under current and future climate scenarios, incorporating 33 climatic, topographic, and soil-related driving factors.Results: Our findings reveal that the region hosts 514 ancient F. altissima trees aged over 300 years, 114 of which exhibit declining or endangered growth conditions. The spatial distribution of these trees is highly discrete, influenced by topographical constraints and intraspecific competition. Over 45% are found at elevations between 80 and 150 meters. Jackknife analysis identified the mean temperature of the wettest quarter (bio8) as the most critical factor affecting their distribution (77.6% cumulative contribution when combined with temperature seasonality, bio4). Specifically, regions with bio8 < 26°C and bio4 > 625°C are unsuitable for F. altissima (LOV < 0.085). Additionally, tree size varies by habitat due to competition, with ancient trees in flat areas exhibiting larger average crown widths. The accuracy of the Maxent model is superior to models such as BIOCLIM and GLM. Compared to current, under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 climate scenarios, the moderately suitable distribution area expanded by 1.47% and 0.89%, respectively (averaging 5.53% across four time periods), while the highly suitable area decreased by 0.04% and 0.21%. These results provide valuable insights for the conservation and sustainable utilization of ancient F. altissima trees.

This study addressed the effects of climate drivers on the tree-ring width (TRW) parameters (total ring width (TR), earlywood width (EW) and latewood width (LW)) and the total ringδ¹³C series of different wood components (whole wood, α-cellulose and holocelluose) from Masson pine in subtropical China. Pairwise correlation coefficients between three ring width parameters were statistically significant. EW and LW did not reveal much stronger climate sensitivity rather than TR. This indicated that the use of intra-annual ring width has little benefit in extracting more climate information. The meanδ¹³C series of the three components of the total ring had the strongest climate response to the July–September relative humidity (r= −0.792 (whole wood), −0.758 (holocellulose) and −0.769 (α-cellulose)). There are no significant differences in the dendroclimatic relationships of theδ¹³C series of different wood components. Through both stationary temporal and spatial-statistical perspectives, the moisture drivers (summer/autumn) had a significant impact on three ring width parameters and three components of Masson pine. Overall, the radial growth and theδ¹³C series showed different responses to the same climate drivers during the same period. Moreover, the R-squared values of the strongest climate-proxy correlation coefficients were smaller than 50% for TRW. Consequently, theδ¹³C series of Masson pine may be a more representative climate proxy than TRW parameters for dendroclimatology in subtropical China.

The analysis of the current situation of middle school geography teaching research is of great significance to the future teaching and research. Through combing the research results in recent 20 years, the results show that: (1) The number of documents issued changed gently before 2005, then increased rapidly, but showed a significant downward trend after 2019. (2) Among the top 100 document issuing institutions, urban, county town, and township account for 73%, 22% and 5% respectively. As far as the number of middle school geography teachers is concerned, it has continued to grow over the years, and the number of cities and counties has been higher than that of villages, and villages show a downward trend. (3) In terms of the education background of middle school geography teachers, the proportion of obtaining graduate education increased from 0.78% in 2000 to 7.09% in 2020, and the proportion of less than undergraduate education is becoming less and less. Although the Chinese government's investment in education has increased year by year over the past 20 years, the proportion of education investment in GDP in recent years is about 4%, which is lower than the world average 5.1%. (4) In terms of keyword analysis, there are similarities and differences between Chinese and English literature. The same research hotspots are GIS, environmental education, and map etc. (5) In terms of the number of papers published by researchers, Xu Baofang has the most achievements, with 11 papers and less than 10 others. On the author's cooperative relationship, there is only one cooperative team within the nine-year scale.