5-[(3-Methylphenyl)(phenyl)amino]isophthalic acid (5-MePIFA) and 5-(diphenyl)amino]isophthalic acid (5-DPIFA) organic molecules were synthesized to form self-assembled monolayer on indium tin oxide (ITO) anode to enhance hole transport from ITO to organic hole transport layers such as TPD. The modified surface was characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The change in the surface potential was measured by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). Our Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) measurements showed that the surface potentials increased more than 100 mV with reference to bare indium tin-oxide. The results show that the threshold voltage on OLEDs with modified ITO is lowered significantly compared to OLEDs with unmodified ITO. The hole mobility of TPD has been estimated using space-charge-limited current measurements (SCLC).TUBITAK (TBAG-108T718

4-[(3-Methylphenyl)(phenyl)amino]benzoic acid (MPPBA) was synthesized in order to facilitate the hole-injection in Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLED). MPPBA was applied to form self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on indium tin oxide (ITO) anode to align energy-level at the interface between organic semiconductor material (TPD) and inorganic anode (ITO) in OLED devices. The modified surface was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). KPFM was used to measure the surface potential and work function between the tip and the ITO surface modified by SAM technique using MPPBA. The OLED devices (ITO/MPPBA/TPD/Alq3/Al) fabricated with SAM-modified ITO substrates showed lower turn-on voltages and enhanced diode current compare to the OLED devices fabricated with bare ITO substrates.TUBITAK Grant No. TBAG-108T71

Humidity adsorption kinetics of chitosan films was investigated by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) technique. In this study, chitosan was synthesized from chitin by deacetylation process in 2.0% (v/v) acetic acid solution and then coated on QCM to measure humidity response. The Langmuir model was used to determine the adsorption rates and Gibbs free energy for various relative humidity between 11% and 94%. The average Gibbs free energy for adsorption was obtained as 12.93 kJ/mol. Our reproducible experimental results show that chitosan films are very sensitive to relative humidity changes at room temperature. Copyright © 2012 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.TÜBİTAK (Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Council) project number TBAG 109T24

Molecular topological indices are numerical descriptor of molecular structure obtained via molecular graph G. The forgotten topological index F(G) is a vertex degree based topological index and it can be expressed with $F\left(G\right)=\sum {d\left(v\right)}^3=\sum \left({d\left(u\right)}^2+{d\left(v\right)}^2\right),$ where d(u) denotes the degree of u. The forgotten co-index Co-F(G) is defined as the sum of squares of a graph’s vertex degrees which is not adjacent. In this study, the F(G) and Co-F(G) index of HAC₅C₇, HAC₅C₆C₇, linear [n]-phenylenes and cyclic phenylenes nanostructures are computed for possible works in the properties of molecules such as structure–property relationship. In addition, polynomials of the forgotten index and co-index are found for these nanostructures.