This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Prof. Dr. Brynhildur Davidsdottir
School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland

Basic Info

Basic Info is private.

Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Sustainable Development
0 Systems Modeling
0 Sustainability Indicators
0 energy transitions
0 Climate change mitigation and adaptation

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Review article
Published: 21 July 2021 in Ecosystem Services
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Glaciers have been an increasingly studied topic in the ecosystem services (ES) literature, with multiple scientific studies affirming a critical and diverse contribution to human well-being. However, the literature to date on glacier ES has lacked a systematic analysis of their type and the various stages in the formation of glacier ES, including the linkages between biophysical structures and ecological processes to human values, benefits and well-being. This paper begins to fill this gap by (1) detailing the first Common International Classification for Ecosystem Services classification of ES specific to glaciers; and (2) constructing an ES cascade model specific to the ES of glaciers, integrating four main stages of co-production: value attribution, mobilisation of ES potential, value appropriation, and commercialisation. In both stages, examples from the academic and grey literature are highlighted. Based on a systematic literature review, a total of 15 ES are identified, categorised as follows: provisioning (2), regulation and maintenance (6), and cultural (7). Apart from abiotic regulation and maintenance ES, it is evident that human interventions are necessary in order to mobilise, appropriate and commercialise several glacier ES, including freshwater for drinking, hydropower generation, recreation and education. Rapidly intensifying climate change has led to intense focus on the initial co-production process of value attribution and identification of dynamic ES potential, with a view to maximising commercial benefits in the coming decades where this is possible, especially linked to hydropower generation from glacial rivers. However, this study also finds that adaptive ecosystem management is a necessary pre-requisite of resilience but may be insufficient in this context to address potential ecosystem disservices and potentially catastrophic impacts to human well-being, such as from dangerous glacier outburst floods.

ACS Style

David Cook; Laura Malinauskaite; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Helga Ögmundardóttir. Co-production processes underpinning the ecosystem services of glaciers and adaptive management in the era of climate change. Ecosystem Services 2021, 50, 101342 .

AMA Style

David Cook, Laura Malinauskaite, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir, Helga Ögmundardóttir. Co-production processes underpinning the ecosystem services of glaciers and adaptive management in the era of climate change. Ecosystem Services. 2021; 50 ():101342.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Cook; Laura Malinauskaite; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Helga Ögmundardóttir. 2021. "Co-production processes underpinning the ecosystem services of glaciers and adaptive management in the era of climate change." Ecosystem Services 50, no. : 101342.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2021 in Ecological Economics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Target 19 of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 17 calls for the use of alternative measures of economic welfare in addition to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) is an example of such a measure, including various non-market benefits and environmental and social costs unaccounted for in GDP. This study presents the results from the first estimate of the GPI for Iceland over the period 2000–2019. Iceland represents an interesting case study given its remoteness, environmental vulnerability, natural resource dependency, and fluctuating economic performance in recent years, which has featured a banking collapse and tourism-fuelled resurgence. The study finds that Iceland's GPI was equal to between 2.41 and 3.05 times the value of national GDP. Statistics for both GDP and the GPI peaked in 2019 at 2,970,076 (USD M 24,237) and 7,163,300 million ISK (USD M 58,443), respectively. Mean annual rates of per capita expansion for both GDP and the GPI were 2.1% and 0.6%, respectively. Despite the scale of the Icelandic GPI, the study also revealed non-negligible values for environmental and social costs which, in aggregate, were equal to between 17.8% and 25.4% of the value of consumption.

ACS Style

David Cook; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. An estimate of the Genuine Progress Indicator for Iceland, 2000–2019. Ecological Economics 2021, 189, 107154 .

AMA Style

David Cook, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. An estimate of the Genuine Progress Indicator for Iceland, 2000–2019. Ecological Economics. 2021; 189 ():107154.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Cook; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. 2021. "An estimate of the Genuine Progress Indicator for Iceland, 2000–2019." Ecological Economics 189, no. : 107154.

Journal article
Published: 11 June 2021 in Renewable Energy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The climate impacts of deep enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) have been understudied in the academic literature. Using life-cycle analysis (LCA) conducted in accordance with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards, this paper explores the climate change impacts of two deep EGS. The first study was in Reykjanes, Iceland, where a single well, IDDP-2/DEEPEGS, was drilled to a depth of 4.6 km for the purposes of additional electricity production from an existing power plant. The second study involved two wells with side-tracks (depth > 5000 m), drilled to serve a new heat and power co-generation plant located on an old oil field site in Vendenheim, France. Climate change impacts for the sites were estimated in the range 1.6–17.4 gCO2e/kWh and 6.9–13.9 gCO2e/kWh for Reykjanes and Vendenheim, respectively. Although the EGS projects are very different, both outcomes are low when compared to non-renewable alternatives and akin to best-in-class renewable alternatives. The main impact at the Reykjanes demonstration site were the greenhouse gas emissions released from the borehole, an effect that could be avoided by carbon capture and storage/mineralisation/utilisation. In the case of Vendenheim, further reductions in emissions could be achieved via more extensive adoption of circular economy principles in design and procurement.

ACS Style

Hafþór Ægir Sigurjónsson; David Cook; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Sigurður G. Bogason. A life-cycle analysis of deep enhanced geothermal systems – The case studies of Reykjanes, Iceland and Vendenheim, France. Renewable Energy 2021, 177, 1076 -1086.

AMA Style

Hafþór Ægir Sigurjónsson, David Cook, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir, Sigurður G. Bogason. A life-cycle analysis of deep enhanced geothermal systems – The case studies of Reykjanes, Iceland and Vendenheim, France. Renewable Energy. 2021; 177 ():1076-1086.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hafþór Ægir Sigurjónsson; David Cook; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Sigurður G. Bogason. 2021. "A life-cycle analysis of deep enhanced geothermal systems – The case studies of Reykjanes, Iceland and Vendenheim, France." Renewable Energy 177, no. : 1076-1086.

Preprint
Published: 04 June 2021
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The Arctic is a remote region that has become increasingly globalised yet remains extremely vulnerable to many risks. The COVID-19 pandemic presented new challenges to the region. Using the Search, Appraisal, Synthesis and Analysis (SALSA) approach to conduct a meta-synthesis of the academic and grey literature on the impacts of the pandemic, an assessment is conducted of the types of risks that have been presented by the COVID-19 pandemic, the scales, and the national response strategies for mitigating the risks. Two case studies are explored, Iceland and Greenland, island nations that exemplify the extremes of the Arctic and reliance on tourism, a sector that was nearly entirely suspended by the pandemic. An evaluative matrix is employed which combines five different scales of risk – nano, micro, meso, macro and cosmic – with a sustainability categorisation of impacts. The risks of the pandemic cut across the respective scale and categories, with the potential for macro-scale events (systemic risk) to unfold linked to economic spillover effects driven by the curtailment of tourism and various supply chain delays. Both Iceland and Greenland have exemplified risk mitigation strategies which prioritise health over wealth, very strictly in the case of the latter. Strict border controls and domestic restrictions have enabled Iceland and Greenland to have much lower case and death numbers than most nations. In addition, Iceland has led the way, globally, in terms of testing and accumulating scientific knowledge concerning the genetic sequencing of the virus. The academic contribution of the paper concerns its broadening of understanding concerning systemic risk, which extends beyond financial implications to includes sustainability dimensions. For policymakers and practitioners, the paper highlights successful risk mitigation and science-based measures that will be useful for any nation tackling a future pandemic, regardless of whether they are island states, Arctic nations or another country.

ACS Style

David Cook; Lára Jóhannsdóttir. Impacts, Systemic Risk and National Response Measures Concerning COVID-19 – the Island Case Studies of Iceland and Greenland. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

David Cook, Lára Jóhannsdóttir. Impacts, Systemic Risk and National Response Measures Concerning COVID-19 – the Island Case Studies of Iceland and Greenland. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Cook; Lára Jóhannsdóttir. 2021. "Impacts, Systemic Risk and National Response Measures Concerning COVID-19 – the Island Case Studies of Iceland and Greenland." , no. : 1.

Correction
Published: 06 May 2021 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The authors would like to make the following corrections about the published paper

ACS Style

Kevin Dillman; Áróra Árnadóttir; Jukka Heinonen; Michał Czepkiewicz; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. Correction: Dillman et al. Review and Meta-Analysis of EVs: Embodied Emissions and Environmental Breakeven. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9390. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5195 .

AMA Style

Kevin Dillman, Áróra Árnadóttir, Jukka Heinonen, Michał Czepkiewicz, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. Correction: Dillman et al. Review and Meta-Analysis of EVs: Embodied Emissions and Environmental Breakeven. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9390. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5195.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kevin Dillman; Áróra Árnadóttir; Jukka Heinonen; Michał Czepkiewicz; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. 2021. "Correction: Dillman et al. Review and Meta-Analysis of EVs: Embodied Emissions and Environmental Breakeven. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9390." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5195.

Journal article
Published: 27 April 2021 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Nordic companies have been at the top of sustainable business rankings since the early 2010s. Some of them are energy companies that have adopted Corporate Social Responsibility to have a positive social impact and become carbon neutral. However, limited literature has analyzed the barriers that Nordic energy companies face while implementing Corporate Social Responsibility. This article aims to identify and categorize the barriers faced by Nordic energy companies. The research is based on empirical data obtained from interviews involving high-level managers from the largest suppliers of energy in the Nordic region. A model is developed, which identifies and categorizes seven barriers at the individual level, seven at the organizational level, and three at the institutional level of analysis. The findings suggest that barriers can be of a direct and indirect nature and can be found across the three levels of analysis. The main contributions of this article are: (1) it identifies and categorizes the barriers that Nordic energy companies face; (2) it defines the barriers as direct and indirect based on their interaction with the company; (3) it presents two models of the barriers and provides empirical evidence that complement the literature; and (4) it contributes to the literature by focusing on the Nordic countries, a region that has received limited attention by scholarly research.

ACS Style

Mauricio Latapí; Lára Jóhannsdóttir; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Mette Morsing. The Barriers to Corporate Social Responsibility in the Nordic Energy Sector. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4891 .

AMA Style

Mauricio Latapí, Lára Jóhannsdóttir, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir, Mette Morsing. The Barriers to Corporate Social Responsibility in the Nordic Energy Sector. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4891.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mauricio Latapí; Lára Jóhannsdóttir; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Mette Morsing. 2021. "The Barriers to Corporate Social Responsibility in the Nordic Energy Sector." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4891.

Preprint
Published: 05 April 2021
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Small boat fishers are often the lifeblood of remote coastal communities in Iceland, contributing to employment, jobs and economic prosperity. This study conducts exploratory but highly practical research into the efficiency of onboard catch handling practices by Icelandic small boat fishers using fish handling tools called automatic jigging machines. Using applied research methods, this study researches whether standardisation of operations could be applied to make catch handling practices on small boats more time and resource efficient, leading to reduced waste, a consistently higher quality product, and potential increases in economic efficiency and sustainability. Thematic analysis, value stream mapping, flow analysis and Kaizen ideology were adopted to identify gaps and continuous improvement opportunities to standardise processes, leading to exemplary performance. Eight core recommendations are identified, seven of which are classed as straight-forward, ‘do now’ measures according to a Kaizen Priority Matrix. These include human and technological interventions in the areas of safety, organisational arrangements, hygiene, fish handling and bleeding, and cooling. Questionnaire responses reveal four main themes of importance to the sub-sector: changes in recent decades; the importance of small boat fishers; education and improvement; and the particularities of the sub-industry. The latter include the perception of a ‘race against time’ to land the catch, an issue that sometimes contributes to sub-optimal catch handling practices. Although this study has decidedly practical connotations for small boat fishers, its outcomes are also likely to be of interest to academics, particularly those focused on the organisational management of natural resources and general applications of the project management methodology and applied research methods as a means of solving practical problems in everyday life.

ACS Style

Ingibjörg Karlsdóttir; David Cook; Inga Minelgaite. Efficiency Management in Catch Handling Onboard Small Boats - Standardisation of Processes in Icelandic Fisheries. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Ingibjörg Karlsdóttir, David Cook, Inga Minelgaite. Efficiency Management in Catch Handling Onboard Small Boats - Standardisation of Processes in Icelandic Fisheries. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ingibjörg Karlsdóttir; David Cook; Inga Minelgaite. 2021. "Efficiency Management in Catch Handling Onboard Small Boats - Standardisation of Processes in Icelandic Fisheries." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 13 March 2021 in Marine Policy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Limiting the use of fossil fuels in fisheries is important for industry competitiveness and for achievement of greenhouse gas reduction targets, particularly in countries like Iceland where fishing contributes significantly to both the economy and emissions. This article analyses harvesting fuel intensity in Iceland between 2002 and 2017 and examines potential underlying drivers. Fuel intensity for demersal vessel segments and species declined over the period whereas pelagic intensities increased slightly. Variation was strongly correlated with stock levels, highlighting the potential for stock rebuilding to reduce fuel intensity. Correlation was weaker in the demersal sector. A potential explanation is that increased abundance of cod led to choke effects as vessels sought to avoid cod. Analysis of operational data indicated a lower average engine load for a sample of pelagic vessels compared to demersal vessels, suggesting engine load-balancing as an opportunity to improve engine efficiency. Finally, a potential policy instrument for reducing emission in ITQ-managed fisheries is presented, in which harvesters own and trade individual emissions quota based on total allowable emissions for the fishery.

ACS Style

Conor Byrne; Sveinn Agnarsson; Brynhildur Davidsdottir. Fuel Intensity in Icelandic fisheries and opportunities to reduce emissions. Marine Policy 2021, 127, 104448 .

AMA Style

Conor Byrne, Sveinn Agnarsson, Brynhildur Davidsdottir. Fuel Intensity in Icelandic fisheries and opportunities to reduce emissions. Marine Policy. 2021; 127 ():104448.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conor Byrne; Sveinn Agnarsson; Brynhildur Davidsdottir. 2021. "Fuel Intensity in Icelandic fisheries and opportunities to reduce emissions." Marine Policy 127, no. : 104448.

Journal article
Published: 18 February 2021 in Energy Research & Social Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Sustainable energy development is a complex and multi-dimensional concept that is integral to sustainable development. This paper offers an approach to selecting comprehensive and robust indicators to monitor progress towards this international policy objective. Numerous weaknesses in current indicator sets for sustainable energy development have been identified, e.g., lack of transparency, imbalanced representation of the pillars of sustainable development, and the absence of stakeholder engagement during development. Currently, no standardized approach to indicator selection exists. In this paper, an iterative process to indicator selection for sustainable energy development is presented. This process is rooted in stakeholder engagement to ensure a representative indicator set and reduce the potential for bias in indicator selection. A diverse and balanced group of stakeholders should be engaged through interviews, focus groups, and a Delphi survey to capture stakeholders' views of sustainable energy development within a particular setting. Based on stakeholder input, the main themes of sustainable energy development are identified, which corresponds to a thematic conceptual framework for indicator development. These results are connected to established indicators to produce a preliminary set of indicators. Subsequently, a set of indicator assessment criteria are applied to assess the quality of indicators and eliminate overly correlated indicators. In the end, a comprehensive and robust set of indicators for sustainable energy development is produced that reflects the context in question. To ensure the usefulness of the indicator set to decision-makers and stakeholders, information such as the necessary formulas and data sources should be provided.

ACS Style

Ingunn Gunnarsdóttir; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Ernst Worrell; Sigurbjörg Sigurgeirsdottir. It is best to ask: Designing a stakeholder-centric approach to selecting sustainable energy development indicators. Energy Research & Social Science 2021, 74, 101968 .

AMA Style

Ingunn Gunnarsdóttir, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir, Ernst Worrell, Sigurbjörg Sigurgeirsdottir. It is best to ask: Designing a stakeholder-centric approach to selecting sustainable energy development indicators. Energy Research & Social Science. 2021; 74 ():101968.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ingunn Gunnarsdóttir; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Ernst Worrell; Sigurbjörg Sigurgeirsdottir. 2021. "It is best to ask: Designing a stakeholder-centric approach to selecting sustainable energy development indicators." Energy Research & Social Science 74, no. : 101968.

Journal article
Published: 18 February 2021 in Ecological Economics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Recognising the well-known limitations of economic growth as a litmus test of progress and the call by Target 19 of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17 to “develop measurements on progress on sustainable development that complement gross domestic product”, this paper advances understanding of the linkages between alternative measures of economic well-being, the well-being economy and the SDGs. A conceptual model is presented, linking four capital assets to well-being goals and domains, which are connected to related SDGs. An assessment is conducted on the extent to which Gross Domestic Product and five alternative indicators of economic well-being (Environmentally Adjusted Net Domestic Product, Measure of Economic Welfare, Genuine Savings, Genuine Progress Indicator and Inclusive Wealth Index) align with (a) the dimensions of economic well-being, and (b) various environmental, economic, social and institutional targets set by the SDGs. The Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) is found to be the most comprehensive in coverage, accounting for market-based welfare, services from essential capital, and various environmental and social costs, and linking directly to targets in fourteen of the seventeen SDGs. The paper discusses how greater use of alternative measures of economic well-being by policymakers can encourage transitions to economies which prioritise well-being and desirability objectives.

ACS Style

David Cook; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. An appraisal of interlinkages between macro-economic indicators of economic well-being and the sustainable development goals. Ecological Economics 2021, 184, 106996 .

AMA Style

David Cook, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. An appraisal of interlinkages between macro-economic indicators of economic well-being and the sustainable development goals. Ecological Economics. 2021; 184 ():106996.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Cook; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. 2021. "An appraisal of interlinkages between macro-economic indicators of economic well-being and the sustainable development goals." Ecological Economics 184, no. : 106996.

Journal article
Published: 20 January 2021 in Energy Policy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Kenya's current electricity production is mainly relying on hydro and geothermal resources. Both of these resources are subject to complex dynamics that affect their sustainable utilization. Neither the current power expansion plan for Kenya, nor the existing electricity supply models address such effects. The research question in this paper is: What are the implications of hydro and geothermal resource dynamics for short- and long-term (sustainable) electricity system planning in Kenya? To answer this question a bottom-up system dynamics model representing the most prevalent technologies of Kenya's future electricity system, including the dynamics of geothermal and hydro resource utilization, is developed. The stock-flow system dynamics modelling allows to capture the resources characteristics and the link to electricity production. Due to the stock-like nature of geothermal resource, excessive utilization can lead to production capacity losses. In the case of hydro resources, climate change can reduce their availability significantly. A total of eight scenarios varying in demand size and consideration of resource dynamics are simulated and compared. The results indicate that when geothermal and hydro resource dynamics are considered, higher installed capacity will be required in the long-term to compensate production losses, which in turn leads to a higher electricity generation cost.

ACS Style

Nathalie Spittler; Brynhildur Davidsdottir; Ehsan Shafiei; Arnaud Diemer. Implications of renewable resource dynamics for energy system planning: The case of geothermal and hydropower in Kenya. Energy Policy 2021, 150, 111985 .

AMA Style

Nathalie Spittler, Brynhildur Davidsdottir, Ehsan Shafiei, Arnaud Diemer. Implications of renewable resource dynamics for energy system planning: The case of geothermal and hydropower in Kenya. Energy Policy. 2021; 150 ():111985.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nathalie Spittler; Brynhildur Davidsdottir; Ehsan Shafiei; Arnaud Diemer. 2021. "Implications of renewable resource dynamics for energy system planning: The case of geothermal and hydropower in Kenya." Energy Policy 150, no. : 111985.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2020 in Utilities Policy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This case study analyses the potential additional electrical load on Reykjavík's electrical grid spatially and temporally (2019–2050) due to the integration of electric vehicles (EVs) according to different pro-EV policies. A cost estimate of the required upgrades is provided. The results of the research show that the electrical system could face strain with a potential peak load increase of 67–114% over the study period. Spatiotemporal analysis can thus aid policymakers and grid planners in understanding where and when the electrical system could be put at risk due to EV charging and plan accordingly.

ACS Style

Kevin Joseph Dillman; Reza Fazeli; Ehsan Shafiei; Jón Örvar G. Jónsson; Hákon Valur Haraldsson; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. Spatiotemporal analysis of the impact of electric vehicle integration on Reykjavik's electrical system at the city and distribution system level. Utilities Policy 2020, 68, 101145 .

AMA Style

Kevin Joseph Dillman, Reza Fazeli, Ehsan Shafiei, Jón Örvar G. Jónsson, Hákon Valur Haraldsson, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. Spatiotemporal analysis of the impact of electric vehicle integration on Reykjavik's electrical system at the city and distribution system level. Utilities Policy. 2020; 68 ():101145.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kevin Joseph Dillman; Reza Fazeli; Ehsan Shafiei; Jón Örvar G. Jónsson; Hákon Valur Haraldsson; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. 2020. "Spatiotemporal analysis of the impact of electric vehicle integration on Reykjavik's electrical system at the city and distribution system level." Utilities Policy 68, no. : 101145.

Review article
Published: 24 December 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Since the early 2010s, Nordic companies have been at the top of business rankings as the most sustainable in the world. Some are energy companies with business frameworks with a long-term approach to become carbon neutral. However, limited literature exists on what drives Nordic energy companies to implement responsible business frameworks even when they are recognized as frontrunners in sustainability and in incorporating renewable sources of energy into their portfolio. This article contributes to the literature by presenting a framework that identifies and categorizes the drivers for Nordic energy companies to implement responsible business frameworks and also by determining the characteristics of a responsible energy company. The findings are based on empirical data obtained from interviews involving high-level managers from relevant Nordic energy companies. A framework is developed and categorizes eight internal, nine connecting, and nine external drivers. The findings suggest that a responsible energy company needs to incorporate nineteen key elements to its business frameworks which served as a basis to propose a definition of the energy company of the future. The findings, and the proposed framework and definition intend to: 1) provide a better understanding of what drives energy companies towards responsible business frameworks, 2) emphasize the importance of defining the characteristics of a responsible energy company, and 3) propose a definition of the energy company of the future. This article contributes to the literature by proposing a framework that provides a broader perspective on the topic and by providing a new definition of the energy company of the future. The practical contributions come from providing a deeper understanding of the diversity of drivers for energy companies which can translate into positive effects for the energy sector with regards to public policies, legislations and regulations, and innovative business frameworks. Understanding what drives energy companies towards responsible corporate behavior is particularly relevant considering that the energy sector is crucial for achieving most of the Sustainable Development Goals.

ACS Style

Mauricio Latapí; Lára Jóhannsdóttir; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. The energy company of the future: Drivers and characteristics for a responsible business framework. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 288, 125634 .

AMA Style

Mauricio Latapí, Lára Jóhannsdóttir, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. The energy company of the future: Drivers and characteristics for a responsible business framework. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 288 ():125634.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mauricio Latapí; Lára Jóhannsdóttir; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. 2020. "The energy company of the future: Drivers and characteristics for a responsible business framework." Journal of Cleaner Production 288, no. : 125634.

Journal article
Published: 22 November 2020 in Sustainable Cities and Society
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Transportation plays a defining role in daily life, and this transport activity acts as a major source of global (GHG) emissions. Cities are macro-level actors that can measure and govern the transportation sector and associated GHG emissions with their boundaries. This study thus performed a scenario analysis using the Reykjavik capital area as a case study, developing a business-as-usual case and five additional “What-If” scenarios using the story-and-simulation approach, modelling and decomposing the effects of axis-based technological and behavioural/urban form changes, estimating both direct and indirect emissions for each scenario. Reykjavik provides an interesting case study as a city in which the electrical grid is already highly decarbonized and has a dominant car culture. Studying Reykjavik provides insight regarding the GHG impacts of an e-transition counter-balanced by high levels of car ownership. The results showed that while e-mobility development would lead to less direct emissions, in terms of total GHG emissions, changes to travel behaviour and urban form would lead to less total GHG emissions. However, this research highlights that even with an already decarbonized electrical grid, an integrated approach of the two axes changes would be required within cities to achieve deep levels of decarbonization.

ACS Style

Kevin Dillman; Michał Czepkiewicz; Jukka Heinonen; Reza Fazeli; Áróra Árnadóttir; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Ehsan Shafiei. Decarbonization scenarios for Reykjavik’s passenger transport: The combined effects of behavioural changes and technological developments. Sustainable Cities and Society 2020, 65, 102614 .

AMA Style

Kevin Dillman, Michał Czepkiewicz, Jukka Heinonen, Reza Fazeli, Áróra Árnadóttir, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir, Ehsan Shafiei. Decarbonization scenarios for Reykjavik’s passenger transport: The combined effects of behavioural changes and technological developments. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2020; 65 ():102614.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kevin Dillman; Michał Czepkiewicz; Jukka Heinonen; Reza Fazeli; Áróra Árnadóttir; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Ehsan Shafiei. 2020. "Decarbonization scenarios for Reykjavik’s passenger transport: The combined effects of behavioural changes and technological developments." Sustainable Cities and Society 65, no. : 102614.

Review
Published: 11 November 2020 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Electric vehicles (EVs) are often considered a potential solution to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions originating from personal transport vehicles, but this has also been questioned due to their high production emissions. In this study, we performed an extensive literature review of existing EV life-cycle assessments (LCAs) and a meta-analysis of the studies in the review, extracting life-cycle GHG emission data combined with a standardized methodology for estimating GHG electrical grid intensities across the European Economic Area (EEA), which were used to estimate a set of environmental breakeven points for each EEA country. A Monte Carlo simulation was performed to provide sensitivity analysis. The results of the review suggest a need for greater methodological and data transparency within EV LCA research. The meta-analysis found a subset of countries across the EEA where there is a potential that EVs could lead to greater life-cycle GHG emissions than a comparable diesel counterpart. A policy discussion highlights how EV policies in countries with contrasting GHG electric grid intensities may not reflect the current techno-environmental reality. This paper emphasizes the importance for researchers to accurately depict life-cycle vehicle emissions and the need for EEA countries to enact policies corresponding to their respective contextual conditions to avoid potentially enacting policies that could lead to greater GHG emissions.

ACS Style

Kevin Joseph Dillman; Áróra Árnadóttir; Jukka Heinonen; Michał Czepkiewicz; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. Review and Meta-Analysis of EVs: Embodied Emissions and Environmental Breakeven. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9390 .

AMA Style

Kevin Joseph Dillman, Áróra Árnadóttir, Jukka Heinonen, Michał Czepkiewicz, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. Review and Meta-Analysis of EVs: Embodied Emissions and Environmental Breakeven. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9390.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kevin Joseph Dillman; Áróra Árnadóttir; Jukka Heinonen; Michał Czepkiewicz; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir. 2020. "Review and Meta-Analysis of EVs: Embodied Emissions and Environmental Breakeven." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9390.

Chapter
Published: 31 October 2020 in The Interconnected Arctic — UArctic Congress 2016
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Community engagement in the research process is more than communication and outreach. It is a process of co-production of knowledge. The co-production of knowledge starts and ends at the “small” local level but is embedded in “big” processes that are nested in academic and research institution priorities. This chapter problematizes the issues of small-to-big science and reflects on limitations related to community engagement in research such as community research fatigue, un-standardized research ethics protocols across research institutions, and limitations in funding bodies’ budget schemes. It considers lessons learned by theorizing a “sliding scale of community engagement” that can be used to conceptualize the definitions of community engagement activities within a large research project. The chapter also places emphasis on discussion of the community-engagement experiences of the Nordforsk-funded Nordic Centre of Excellence project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient, Sustainable Societies (ARCPATH). This project has facilitated excellent collaboration with our informants in our research communities and hence provides a significant example of the co-production of knowledge that we seek to encourage.

ACS Style

Catherine Chambers; Leslie A. King; David Cook; Laura Malinauskaite; Margaret Willson; Astrid E. J. Ogilvie; Níels Einarsson. “Small Science”: Community Engagement and Local Research in an Era of Big Science Agendas. The Interconnected Arctic — UArctic Congress 2016 2020, 203 -224.

AMA Style

Catherine Chambers, Leslie A. King, David Cook, Laura Malinauskaite, Margaret Willson, Astrid E. J. Ogilvie, Níels Einarsson. “Small Science”: Community Engagement and Local Research in an Era of Big Science Agendas. The Interconnected Arctic — UArctic Congress 2016. 2020; ():203-224.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Catherine Chambers; Leslie A. King; David Cook; Laura Malinauskaite; Margaret Willson; Astrid E. J. Ogilvie; Níels Einarsson. 2020. "“Small Science”: Community Engagement and Local Research in an Era of Big Science Agendas." The Interconnected Arctic — UArctic Congress 2016 , no. : 203-224.

Journal article
Published: 13 October 2020 in Ecological Economics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The study examines the socio-cultural values of multiple ecosystem services (ES) sourced from whales in Skjálfandi Bay, North Iceland, with many beneficiaries living in and visiting the town of Húsavík. The study begins to address the research gap in non-monetary valuation of marine ecosystem services. Based on a multi-method approach, it elicits stakeholders' perceptions of the contribution of whale ES to human wellbeing using stakeholder mapping, semi-structured interviews, observations, and socio-cultural preference surveys. The key whale ES identified by the local stakeholders were cultural, most frequently mentioned being recreation and education. The most commonly mentioned ES values were related to economic benefits from the whale watching industry. The preference survey reveals that regulating and maintenance ES were valued most highly with a mean score of 4.0 out of 5.0, cultural ES were second with a mean score of 3.5, and provisioning ES in the form of food and raw materials were valued the least with a mean of 0.75. Interview data also reveals some marine ES management challenges originating from intensified tourism, industrial development, and climate change. The results of the study have the potential to inform marine resource management in Iceland by including socio-cultural values associated with whale resources.

ACS Style

Laura Malinauskaite; David Cook; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Helga Ögmundardóttir. Socio-cultural valuation of whale ecosystem services in Skjálfandi Bay, Iceland. Ecological Economics 2020, 180, 106867 .

AMA Style

Laura Malinauskaite, David Cook, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir, Helga Ögmundardóttir. Socio-cultural valuation of whale ecosystem services in Skjálfandi Bay, Iceland. Ecological Economics. 2020; 180 ():106867.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Malinauskaite; David Cook; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Helga Ögmundardóttir. 2020. "Socio-cultural valuation of whale ecosystem services in Skjálfandi Bay, Iceland." Ecological Economics 180, no. : 106867.

Journal article
Published: 06 October 2020 in Tourism Management Perspectives
Reads 0
Downloads 0

There is currently limited knowledge concerning the economic value of commercial whale watching from the perspective of the consumer's trip experience. This study outlines the results of an in-person contingent valuation survey, which asked whale watching tourists in Faxaflói Bay, Iceland, how much they would have been willing to pay beyond the paid ticket price. Based on a sample of 163 tourists, only 30 (18.40%) reported any consumer surplus, despite the majority stating positive satisfaction with the experience. Mean consumer surplus was 768 ISK (approximately 5.60 euros). Scaled up to the number of whale watching tourists in Faxaflói Bay in 2018 of 148,442, aggregate CS was approximately 114.0 million ISK (0.83 million euros), a 6.9% mark-up on estimated annual revenue generation derived from average ticket prices. The study provides new information on the economic value of whale watching in an area which had already been part-designated as a whale sanctuary.

ACS Style

David Cook; Laura Malinauskaite; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Helga Ögmundardóttir. A contingent valuation approach to estimating the recreational value of commercial whale watching – the case study of Faxaflói Bay, Iceland. Tourism Management Perspectives 2020, 36, 100754 -100754.

AMA Style

David Cook, Laura Malinauskaite, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir, Helga Ögmundardóttir. A contingent valuation approach to estimating the recreational value of commercial whale watching – the case study of Faxaflói Bay, Iceland. Tourism Management Perspectives. 2020; 36 ():100754-100754.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Cook; Laura Malinauskaite; Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir; Helga Ögmundardóttir. 2020. "A contingent valuation approach to estimating the recreational value of commercial whale watching – the case study of Faxaflói Bay, Iceland." Tourism Management Perspectives 36, no. : 100754-100754.

Journal article
Published: 11 September 2020 in Marine Policy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The introduction of Iceland's current ITQ system in 1991 has been followed by significant consolidation of the harvesting sector. This paper quantifies the rate of consolidation by measuring the concentration of quota holdings at company and vessel level for eight commercially important demersal and pelagic species over the period 1991–2017, using concentration ratios and the Herfindahl-Hirschman index. These metrics are complemented by calculation of the Instability Index, which is a measure of competitive rivalry. The results indicate a significant increase in concentration across all species at both company and vessel level, although company consolidation appeared to accelerate relative to fleet consolidation during the early 2000′s when the Icelandic financial sector was privatised and then slowed in the wake of the financial crisis in 2008. The Instability Index fell for all species, indicating a general decline in competitive rivalry. Concentration varies greatly by species, and is lowest for cod and haddock which are caught extensively by small and medium-sized vessels and highest in the pelagic sector, reaching levels associated with market power. Finally, there is evidence that regulatory limits on individual company quota holdings may be starting to hamper further consolidation and any associated efficiency gains.

ACS Style

Conor Byrne; Sveinn Agnarsson; Brynhildur Davidsdottir; Maartje Oostdijk. Species-level quota concentration in the Icelandic harvesting sector. Marine Policy 2020, 121, 104108 .

AMA Style

Conor Byrne, Sveinn Agnarsson, Brynhildur Davidsdottir, Maartje Oostdijk. Species-level quota concentration in the Icelandic harvesting sector. Marine Policy. 2020; 121 ():104108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conor Byrne; Sveinn Agnarsson; Brynhildur Davidsdottir; Maartje Oostdijk. 2020. "Species-level quota concentration in the Icelandic harvesting sector." Marine Policy 121, no. : 104108.

Review
Published: 28 August 2020 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Sustainable energy development has become an international policy objective and an integral part of sustainable development. It is necessary to develop a robust and comprehensive set of indicators to monitor progress towards sustainable energy development. This analysis aimed to assess established indicator sets for sustainable energy development. The characteristics of a comprehensive and robust indicator set were identified to enable such an assessment and used as a basis for six assessment criteria; transparency of indicator selection and indicator application, conceptual framework, representative, linkages, and stakeholder engagement. A total of 57 indicator sets were found that monitor progress towards sustainable energy development or some aspects of it. All but one of these indicator sets were found to be lacking in some aspect, especially regarding a lack of transparency and consideration of linkages between indicators, presentation of an imbalanced picture, and no involvement of stakeholders during indicator development. The only indicator set that met all criteria were Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development developed jointly by multiple international agencies. Nonetheless, several flaws in this set were identified. The Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development could be considered as an initial basket of indicators for further refinement in the context where they will be applied to ensure their policy relevance and usefulness. The refinement process would benefit from more stakeholder input to take into account the specific context and make sure that there is a balance in the representation of the three dimensions of sustainable development.

ACS Style

I. Gunnarsdottir; B. Davidsdottir; E. Worrell; S. Sigurgeirsdottir. Review of indicators for sustainable energy development. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2020, 133, 110294 .

AMA Style

I. Gunnarsdottir, B. Davidsdottir, E. Worrell, S. Sigurgeirsdottir. Review of indicators for sustainable energy development. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2020; 133 ():110294.

Chicago/Turabian Style

I. Gunnarsdottir; B. Davidsdottir; E. Worrell; S. Sigurgeirsdottir. 2020. "Review of indicators for sustainable energy development." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 133, no. : 110294.