In this work, two oligophenyleneimines type pentamers with terminal aldehydes, designated as DAFCHO (4,4′-((((((2,5-bis(octyloxy)-1,4-phenylene)bis(methanylylidene))bis(azanyl ylidene))bis(9H-fluorene-7,2-diyl))bis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(2,5-bis(octyloxy) benzaldehyde)) and FDACHO (4,4′-((((((2,5-bis(octyloxy)-1,4-phenylene)bis(methanylylidene))bis (azanylylidene))bis(4,1-phenylene))bis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(2,5-bis(octyloxy) benzaldehyde)) were synthesized by mechanochemistry method using 2,5-bis(octyloxy) terephtal aldehyde and 2,7-diaminofluorene or 1,4-phenylenediamine. All compounds were spectroscopically characterized using ¹H and ¹³C-NMR, FT-IR and mass spectrometry MALDITOF. The optical properties of the compounds were analyzed by UV-vis spectroscopy using different solvents. We observed that DAFCHO and FDACHO exhibit interesting photochromic properties when they are dissolved in chloroform and exposed to sunlight for 3, 5 and 10 min. The value of the energy band gap was calculated from the absorption spectra without irradiation E_gap(optical). It was 2.50 eV for DAFCHO in chloroform solution, and it decreased to 2.34 eV when it is in films. For FDACHO, it was 2.41 eV in solution and 2.27 eV in film. HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital), LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) and E_{gap(electrochemical)} values were obtained by electrochemical studies. The results indicate that the compounds can be considered as organic semiconductors since their values are 2.35 eV for DAFCHO and 2.06 eV for FDACHO. The structural and electronic properties of the compounds were corroborated with a DFT (Density Functional Theory) study.

A fast method for the synthesis of graphene oxide directly from a graphitic material via a one-step mechanochemical process without adding solvent, acid or oxidizing agents, is presented. Chemical, structural and morphological characterization of such material was carried on by Raman, FT-IR and UV/vis spectroscopies, Atomic Force Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy. Functional groups present in the material are similar to those of materials produced via methods related to that of Hummers or by mechanical milling. Although its interlayer spacing is lower than in the former, it allowed its exfoliation via sonication. Oxygen content of up to 11.1% is comparable to what is reported for materials synthesized by mechanical milling, nevertheless, this process was carried on in less time and without using added oxidizing agents or inert atmospheres. This oxidation is achieved decreasing rotational speed (1060 rpm) but increasing the degrees of freedom (5) of milling jars. When comparing against past reports, it is evident that degrees of freedom affects reaction times more than rotational speed.