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Suspended particulate matter (SPM) in marine environments plays an important role in determining the fate of spilled oil via the generation of oil-particle aggregates (OPAs). A series of mesoscale wave tank experiments and sedimentation tests were conducted to fill the knowledge gap on how the turbulent mixing, temperature, and oil type affect the dispersion of spilled oil and properties of OPAs. Generally, the oil dispersing efficiency was significantly enhanced by high wave energy, which also led to effective oil sinking, large size of OPAs and wide distribution of trapped oil. Nonlinear fitting results indicated that the oil sinking efficiency followed an exponential growth over time. The effect of temperature on oil dispersion and formation of OPAs is primarily attributed to its influence on oil viscosity and interfacial tension. Viscous oils are more likely to interact with particles above 25 °C. However, below 20 °C, a specific oil viscosity that will bring about the maximum OPAs exists. Excessive oil viscosity will lead to a weak binding between oil and SPM and a centralized distribution of trapped oil. Furthermore, spilled oil with a high asphaltene can interact more effectively with particles. Our finding suggested that early prevention of offshore oil sinking is key in summer.
Yue Yu; Zhixin Qi; DeQi Xiong; Ruiyang Sun; Sinan Fu; Wenxin Li. Oil dispersion and aggregation with suspended particles in a wave tank. Journal of Environmental Management 2020, 278, 111572 .
AMA StyleYue Yu, Zhixin Qi, DeQi Xiong, Ruiyang Sun, Sinan Fu, Wenxin Li. Oil dispersion and aggregation with suspended particles in a wave tank. Journal of Environmental Management. 2020; 278 ():111572.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYue Yu; Zhixin Qi; DeQi Xiong; Ruiyang Sun; Sinan Fu; Wenxin Li. 2020. "Oil dispersion and aggregation with suspended particles in a wave tank." Journal of Environmental Management 278, no. : 111572.
The formation of sunken oils is mainly dominated by the interaction between spilled oils and sediments. Due to their patchiness and invisibility, cleaning operations become difficult. As a result, sunken oils may cause long-term and significant damage to marine benthonic organisms. In the present study, a bench experiment was designed and conducted to investigate the quantitative distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sunken oils in the presence of chemical dispersant and sediment. The oil sinking efficiency (OSE) of 16 priority total PAHs in the sediment phase was analyzed with different dosages of dispersant. The results showed that the synergistic effect of chemical dispersant and sediment promoted the formation of sunken oils, and the content of PAHs partitioned in the sunken oils increased with the increase of dispersant-to-oil ratios (DORs). Furthermore, with the addition of chemical dispersant, due to the solubility and hydrophobicity of individual PAHs, the high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs with 4–6 rings tended to partition to sediment compared with low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs with 2–3 rings. The synergistic effect of chemical dispersant and sediment could enhance the OSE of HMW PAHs in sunken oils, which might subsequently cause certain risks for marine benthonic organisms.
Yali Gao; DeQi Xiong; Zhixin Qi; Xishan Li; Zhonglei Ju; Xueqiang Zhuang; Gao; Qi; Li; Ju. Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sunken Oils in the Presence of Chemical Dispersant and Sediment. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2019, 7, 282 .
AMA StyleYali Gao, DeQi Xiong, Zhixin Qi, Xishan Li, Zhonglei Ju, Xueqiang Zhuang, Gao, Qi, Li, Ju. Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sunken Oils in the Presence of Chemical Dispersant and Sediment. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2019; 7 (9):282.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYali Gao; DeQi Xiong; Zhixin Qi; Xishan Li; Zhonglei Ju; Xueqiang Zhuang; Gao; Qi; Li; Ju. 2019. "Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sunken Oils in the Presence of Chemical Dispersant and Sediment." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 9: 282.
The floating oil can drift to the coastal areas and interact with the shoreline substrates after oil spill accidents. This process is demonstrated to be the cause of the formation of oil-contaminated sediments, which has attracted much attention. However, no systematic study has concerned the desorption process of oil from oil-contaminated sediments when the coastal hydrodynamic conditions change. This work determines the effects of wave conditions and particle size on the release of oil from artificially prepared sediments in a wave tank. Nonlinear fitting results show that the oil release kinetic curves can be correctly estimated with the Lagrangian first-order (LFO) first-order equation. Under different test conditions. The oil concentration in the water increases rapidly within 6 h. However, the oil desorption is inhibited thereafter and the process of sorption occurs dominantly. Under higher wave energy, the process of desorption is significantly enhanced and more large oil droplets release from sediments. Under the same wave condition, small oil droplets firstly release from the sediments. Besides, more oil especially with a larger size can release from larger sediment while oil releases more quickly from smaller sediment.
Yue Yu; Zhixin Qi; Sinan Fu; Xinping Yu; Wenxin Li; DeQi Xiong. Effects of Wave Conditions and Particle Size on the Release of Oil from Oil-Contaminated Sediments in a Wave Tank. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2019, 7, 256 .
AMA StyleYue Yu, Zhixin Qi, Sinan Fu, Xinping Yu, Wenxin Li, DeQi Xiong. Effects of Wave Conditions and Particle Size on the Release of Oil from Oil-Contaminated Sediments in a Wave Tank. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2019; 7 (8):256.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYue Yu; Zhixin Qi; Sinan Fu; Xinping Yu; Wenxin Li; DeQi Xiong. 2019. "Effects of Wave Conditions and Particle Size on the Release of Oil from Oil-Contaminated Sediments in a Wave Tank." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 8: 256.
A pilot-scale six-compartment hybrid anaerobic baffled reactor (HABR) with effective volume of 18 m3 was used to treat dyeing wastewater. The HABR system was able to treat the wastewater efficiently after FeSO4 pretreatment, as indicated by removal efficiencies of 33.7% for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 39.9% for suspended solid (SS), and 22.5% for sulfate (SO42−) during steadily operational period. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the concentrations of alkanes, amides, organic acids, ketones, phenols, and esters were much lower in the effluent than those in the influent; many high-molecular-weight compounds such as cyclanes, quinolines, and phenols were successfully transformed to low-molecular-weight ones. As illustrated from the results of generalized grey relational analysis (GGRA), COD removal efficiency was more closely associated with flow rate, organic loading rate (OLR), water temperature, and influent SS among the whole selected possible factors. Based on the overall treating effectiveness and the GGRA study, the optimized operation strategy of the dyeing wastewater treatment by HABR was obtained as the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12 h for steady-state operation with an up-flow velocity of 1.7 m/h as well as OLR of 1.5–2.0 kg COD/(m3·d).
Zhixin Qi; Guoli Xiang; DeQi Xiong. Performance Evaluation of Pilot-scale Hybrid Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (HABR) to Process Dyeing Wastewater Based on Grey Relational Analysis. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 1974 .
AMA StyleZhixin Qi, Guoli Xiang, DeQi Xiong. Performance Evaluation of Pilot-scale Hybrid Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (HABR) to Process Dyeing Wastewater Based on Grey Relational Analysis. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (10):1974.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhixin Qi; Guoli Xiang; DeQi Xiong. 2019. "Performance Evaluation of Pilot-scale Hybrid Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (HABR) to Process Dyeing Wastewater Based on Grey Relational Analysis." Applied Sciences 9, no. 10: 1974.