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The yield and quality of leafy vegetables can be compromised by reduced water availability. Glutamic acid is involved in different biological processes and among them it plays an important role in chlorophyll and proline biosynthesis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the possible efficacy of glutamic acid in counteracting water stress in romaine lettuce. Lettuce plants were grown in pots filled with substrate and subjected to water deprivation. A glutamic acid solution (1.9 mM) was applied as foliar treatment, both in stressed and non-stressed plants. The effect of the treatment was evaluated at different time points during the experiment in order to evaluate changes at a molecular, physiological, biochemical and agronomic level. Yield was reduced by 35% in stressed plants, while no significant changes in quality parameters were observed, except for nitrate content, which increased under water stress. At a molecular level, the expression of genes encoding for ROS scavenging enzymes was monitored but, apparently, glutamic acid did not significantly prevent the water stress response. Slightly positive effects deriving from glutamic acid application were found for nitrate and proline contents, suggesting that a possible mode of action of glutamic acid would involve a role for these molecules. Further studies are required, also on other crop species, for confirming these results. Different concentrations and application modes should be also tested.
Giulia Franzoni; Giacomo Cocetta; Antonio Ferrante. Effect of glutamic acid foliar applications on lettuce under water stress. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 2021, 27, 1059 -1072.
AMA StyleGiulia Franzoni, Giacomo Cocetta, Antonio Ferrante. Effect of glutamic acid foliar applications on lettuce under water stress. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 2021; 27 (5):1059-1072.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiulia Franzoni; Giacomo Cocetta; Antonio Ferrante. 2021. "Effect of glutamic acid foliar applications on lettuce under water stress." Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 27, no. 5: 1059-1072.
Salinity is one of the major abiotic stress causing yield losses and decreasing product quality. The beneficial effects of biostimulant products to enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stresses have been reported in several crops, but their mode of action is poorly understood. This work aims to better understand the effect of salt stress on wild rocket treated with a borage extract. The expression of some of the transcription factors (TFs) typically involved in salt stress response was studied within a 24 h period. Physiological parameters such as chlorophyll, chlorophyll a fluorescence, carotenoids, phenols, and anthocyanin were analyzed. Results obtained showed that salt stress induced a general increase in the expression levels of almost all TFs studied, whereas the treatment with the plant-base extract only induced an increase at specific time points. Moreover, the approach adopted allowed indagating the change in gene expression during time. Different pathways such as sugars metabolism, cuticular wax biosynthesis, and brassinosteroids signaling took part in plant responses.
Giulia Franzoni; Giacomo Cocetta; Alice Trivellini; Antonio Ferrante. Transcriptional Regulation in Rocket Leaves as Affected by Salinity. Plants 2019, 9, 20 .
AMA StyleGiulia Franzoni, Giacomo Cocetta, Alice Trivellini, Antonio Ferrante. Transcriptional Regulation in Rocket Leaves as Affected by Salinity. Plants. 2019; 9 (1):20.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiulia Franzoni; Giacomo Cocetta; Alice Trivellini; Antonio Ferrante. 2019. "Transcriptional Regulation in Rocket Leaves as Affected by Salinity." Plants 9, no. 1: 20.
Abiotic stresses strongly affect plant growth, development, and quality of production; final crop yield can be really compromised if stress occurs in plants’ most sensitive phenological phases. Additionally, the increase of crop stress tolerance through genetic improvements requires long breeding programmes and different cultivation environments for crop performance validation. Biostimulants have been proposed as agronomic tools to counteract abiotic stress. Indeed, these products containing bioactive molecules have a beneficial effect on plants and improve their capability to face adverse environmental conditions, acting on primary or secondary metabolism. Many companies are investing in new biostimulant products development and in the identification of the most effective bioactive molecules contained in different kinds of extracts, able to elicit specific plant responses against abiotic stresses. Most of these compounds are unknown and their characterization in term of composition is almost impossible; therefore, they could be classified on the basis of their role in plants. Biostimulants have been generally applied to high-value crops like fruits and vegetables; thus, in this review, we examine and summarise literature on their use on vegetable crops, focusing on their application to counteract the most common environmental stresses.
Roberta Bulgari; Giulia Franzoni; Antonio Ferrante. Biostimulants Application in Horticultural Crops under Abiotic Stress Conditions. Agronomy 2019, 9, 306 .
AMA StyleRoberta Bulgari, Giulia Franzoni, Antonio Ferrante. Biostimulants Application in Horticultural Crops under Abiotic Stress Conditions. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (6):306.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberta Bulgari; Giulia Franzoni; Antonio Ferrante. 2019. "Biostimulants Application in Horticultural Crops under Abiotic Stress Conditions." Agronomy 9, no. 6: 306.
The primary and secondary metabolism of plants along with the signaling pathways represent the plant’s task force to survive under stressful conditions. Biotic and abiotic stresses in sensitive plants reduce the growth and can compromise the reproduction cycle, leading to the disappearance form the stressful areas. On the other hand, plants that can accumulate a wide range of bioactive molecules can increase their tolerance to cope with the adverse environmental conditions. These bioactive compounds include carotenoids, phenolics, and vitamins. These substances act as direct or indirect activation of different biosynthetic pathways. Many of them are involved in the signaling network of stress tolerance protection mechanisms. Ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and flavonoids are important antioxidants that can scavenge the reactive oxygen species, which can impair the cell functionality. The plants that belong to the brassicaeae family accumulate complex antioxidant molecules called glucosinolates. These molecules along with their degradation products have great importance in environmental adaptation. New potential signaling molecules such as melatonin have been gaining importance in the regulation of several stress responses in plants, including senescence and reactive oxygen species accumulation. It has been reported that degradation products coming from raw materials can contain peptides, oligosaccharides, and mineral nutrients that alone or in combination can modulate plant physiology and biochemistry for survival purposes.
Giulia Franzoni; Alice Trivellini; Roberta Bulgari; Giacomo Cocetta; Antonio Ferrante. Bioactive Molecules as Regulatory Signals in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses. Plant Signaling Molecules 2019, 169 -182.
AMA StyleGiulia Franzoni, Alice Trivellini, Roberta Bulgari, Giacomo Cocetta, Antonio Ferrante. Bioactive Molecules as Regulatory Signals in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses. Plant Signaling Molecules. 2019; ():169-182.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiulia Franzoni; Alice Trivellini; Roberta Bulgari; Giacomo Cocetta; Antonio Ferrante. 2019. "Bioactive Molecules as Regulatory Signals in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses." Plant Signaling Molecules , no. : 169-182.
Stefania Toscano; Daniela Romano; Daniele Massa; Roberta Bulgari; Giulia Franzoni; Antonio Ferrante. Biostimulant applications in low input horticultural cultivation systems. Italus Hortus 2018, 27 -36.
AMA StyleStefania Toscano, Daniela Romano, Daniele Massa, Roberta Bulgari, Giulia Franzoni, Antonio Ferrante. Biostimulant applications in low input horticultural cultivation systems. Italus Hortus. 2018; (35):27-36.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefania Toscano; Daniela Romano; Daniele Massa; Roberta Bulgari; Giulia Franzoni; Antonio Ferrante. 2018. "Biostimulant applications in low input horticultural cultivation systems." Italus Hortus , no. 35: 27-36.