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Understanding the natural resources of native flora in a particular area is essential to be able to identify, record, and update existing records concerning the flora of that area, especially medicinal plants. Until recently, there has been very little scientific documentation on the biological diversity of Aljumum flora. The current study aimed to document medicinal plants among the flora of this region and determine the traditional usages that are documented in the literature. In the flowering season from November 2019 to May 2020, we conducted more than 80 field trips to the study area. The results reported 90 species belonging to 79 genera and 34 families in the Aljumum region, which constitute 82 species of medicinal plants from a total of 2253 known species in Saudi Arabia. The most distributed species were Calotropis procera, Panicum turgidum, and Aerva javanica (5.31%); within four endemic families, we found Fabaceae (32.35%), Poaceae (20.58%), and Asteraceae and Brassicaceae (17.64%). The present study reviews a collection of medicinal plants in Aljumum used in ethnomedicine. Additionally, these natural resources should be preserved, and therefore, conservation programs should be established to protect the natural diversity of the plant species in this region with sustainable environmental management.
Sameer H. Qari; Abdulmajeed F. Alrefaei; Wessam Filfilan; Alaa Qumsani. Exploration of the Medicinal Flora of the Aljumum Region in Saudi Arabia. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 7620 .
AMA StyleSameer H. Qari, Abdulmajeed F. Alrefaei, Wessam Filfilan, Alaa Qumsani. Exploration of the Medicinal Flora of the Aljumum Region in Saudi Arabia. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (16):7620.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSameer H. Qari; Abdulmajeed F. Alrefaei; Wessam Filfilan; Alaa Qumsani. 2021. "Exploration of the Medicinal Flora of the Aljumum Region in Saudi Arabia." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16: 7620.
Salinity stress is one of the major environmental constraints responsible for a reduction in agricultural productivity. This study investigated the effect of exogenously applied nitric oxide (NO) (50 μM and 100 μM) in protecting wheat plants from NaCl-induced oxidative damage by modulating protective mechanisms, including osmolyte accumulation and the antioxidant system. Exogenously sourced NO proved effective in ameliorating the deleterious effects of salinity on the growth parameters studied. NO was beneficial in improving the photosynthetic efficiency, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content in normal and NaCl-treated wheat plants. Moreover, NO-treated plants maintained a greater accumulation of proline and soluble sugars, leading to higher relative water content maintenance. Exogenous-sourced NO at both concentrations up-regulated the antioxidant system for averting the NaCl-mediated oxidative damage on membranes. The activity of antioxidant enzymes increased the protection of membrane structural and functional integrity and photosynthetic efficiency. NO application imparted a marked effect on uptake of key mineral elements such as nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) with a concomitant reduction in the deleterious ions such as Na+. Greater K and reduced Na uptake in NO-treated plants lead to a considerable decline in the Na/K ratio. Enhancing of salt tolerance by NO was concomitant with an obvious down-regulation in the relative expression of SOS1, NHX1, AQP, and OSM-34, while D2-protein was up-regulated.
Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi; Yasser S. A. Mazrou; Sameer H. Qari; Amr A. Elkelish; Mona H. Soliman; Mohamed Eweis; Khaled Abdelaal; Gomaa Abd El-Samad; Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim; Nihal ElNahhas. Exogenous Nitric Oxide Reinforces Photosynthetic Efficiency, Osmolyte, Mineral Uptake, Antioxidant, Expression of Stress-Responsive Genes and Ameliorates the Effects of Salinity Stress in Wheat. Plants 2021, 10, 1693 .
AMA StyleGhalia S. H. Alnusairi, Yasser S. A. Mazrou, Sameer H. Qari, Amr A. Elkelish, Mona H. Soliman, Mohamed Eweis, Khaled Abdelaal, Gomaa Abd El-Samad, Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim, Nihal ElNahhas. Exogenous Nitric Oxide Reinforces Photosynthetic Efficiency, Osmolyte, Mineral Uptake, Antioxidant, Expression of Stress-Responsive Genes and Ameliorates the Effects of Salinity Stress in Wheat. Plants. 2021; 10 (8):1693.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhalia S. H. Alnusairi; Yasser S. A. Mazrou; Sameer H. Qari; Amr A. Elkelish; Mona H. Soliman; Mohamed Eweis; Khaled Abdelaal; Gomaa Abd El-Samad; Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim; Nihal ElNahhas. 2021. "Exogenous Nitric Oxide Reinforces Photosynthetic Efficiency, Osmolyte, Mineral Uptake, Antioxidant, Expression of Stress-Responsive Genes and Ameliorates the Effects of Salinity Stress in Wheat." Plants 10, no. 8: 1693.
Three different concentrations of four (ethanol, acetone, methanol, and diethyl ether) extracts of licorice, doum, and banana peel were evaluated for antifungal and antimycotoxigenic efficiency against a maize aflatoxigenic fungus, Aspergillus flavus. Among them, the licorice diethyl ether 75% extract was intensely active, showing the best wet and dry weight inhibition and exhibiting the highest efficacy ratio (91%). Regarding aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production, all the plant extracts tested were effective against AFB1 production after one month of maize storage, with average efficacy ratios ranging from 74.1% to 97.5%. At the same time, Thiram fungicide exhibited an efficacy ratio of 20.14%. The relative expression levels of three structural genes (aflD, aflP, and aflQ) and two regulatory genes (aflR and aflS) were significantly downregulated when compared to untreated maize grains or Thiram-treated maize grains. The doum diethyl ether 75% peel extract showed the highest total phenolic content (60.48 mg GAE/g dry extract wt.) and antioxidant activity (84.71 μg/mL). GC–MS analysis revealed that dimethoxycinnamic acid, aspartic acid, valproic acid, and linoleic acid might imbue the extracts with antioxidant capacities in relation to fungal growth and aflatoxin biosynthesis. Finally, the results suggest that the three plant extracts can be considered a promising source for developing potentially effective and environmentally safer alternative ways to control aflatoxin formation, thus creating a potentially protective method for grain storage.
Nesrine Youssef; Sameer Qari; Saleh Matar; Najwa Hamad; Eldessoky Dessoky; Moustafa Elshaer; Sherien Sobhy; Ahmed Abdelkhalek; Hossam Zakaria; Ahmed Heflish; Ibrahim Elsamra; Said Behiry. Licorice, Doum, and Banana Peel Extracts Inhibit Aspergillus flavus Growth and Suppress Metabolic Pathway of Aflatoxin B1 Production. Agronomy 2021, 11, 1587 .
AMA StyleNesrine Youssef, Sameer Qari, Saleh Matar, Najwa Hamad, Eldessoky Dessoky, Moustafa Elshaer, Sherien Sobhy, Ahmed Abdelkhalek, Hossam Zakaria, Ahmed Heflish, Ibrahim Elsamra, Said Behiry. Licorice, Doum, and Banana Peel Extracts Inhibit Aspergillus flavus Growth and Suppress Metabolic Pathway of Aflatoxin B1 Production. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (8):1587.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNesrine Youssef; Sameer Qari; Saleh Matar; Najwa Hamad; Eldessoky Dessoky; Moustafa Elshaer; Sherien Sobhy; Ahmed Abdelkhalek; Hossam Zakaria; Ahmed Heflish; Ibrahim Elsamra; Said Behiry. 2021. "Licorice, Doum, and Banana Peel Extracts Inhibit Aspergillus flavus Growth and Suppress Metabolic Pathway of Aflatoxin B1 Production." Agronomy 11, no. 8: 1587.
Global development has generated a plethora of unfavorable and adverse environmental factors for the living organisms in the ecosystem. Plants are sessile organisms, and they are crucial to sustain life on earth. Since plants are sessile, they face a great number of environmental challenges related to abiotic stresses, such as temperature fluctuation, drought, salinity, flood and metal contamination. Salinity and drought are considered major abiotic stresses that negatively affect the plants’ growth and production of useful content. However, plants have evolved various molecular mechanisms to increase their tolerance to these environmental stresses. There is a whole complex system of communication (cross-talk) through massive signaling cascades that are activated and modulated in response to salinity and drought. Secondary metabolites are believed to play significant roles in the plant’s response and resistance to salinity and drought stress. Until recently, attempts to unravel the biosynthetic pathways were limited mainly due to the inadequate plant genomics resources. However, recent advancements in generating high-throughput “omics” datasets, computational tools and functional genomics approach integration have aided in the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways of many plant bioactive metabolites. This review gathers comprehensive knowledge of plants’ complex system that is involved in the response and resistance to salinity and water deficit stresses as abiotic stress. Additionally, it offers clues in determining the genes involved in this complex and measures its activity. It covers basic information regarding the signaling molecules involved in salinity and drought resistance and how plant hormones regulate the cross-talking mechanism with emphasis on transcriptional activity. Moreover, it discusses many studies that illustrate the relationship between salinity and drought and secondary metabolite production. Furthermore, several transcriptome analysis research papers of medicinal plants are illustrated. The aim of this review is to be a key for any researcher that is aspiring to study the relationship between salinity and drought stresses and secondary metabolite production at the transcriptome and transcription level.
Sameer Qari; Ibrahim Tarbiyyah. The Genetic Regulation of Secondary Metabolic Pathways in Response to Salinity and Drought as Abiotic Stresses. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 6668 .
AMA StyleSameer Qari, Ibrahim Tarbiyyah. The Genetic Regulation of Secondary Metabolic Pathways in Response to Salinity and Drought as Abiotic Stresses. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (15):6668.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSameer Qari; Ibrahim Tarbiyyah. 2021. "The Genetic Regulation of Secondary Metabolic Pathways in Response to Salinity and Drought as Abiotic Stresses." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15: 6668.
Systemic steroids are used to treat acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) caused by allogenic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT); however, their prolonged use results in complications. Hence, new agents for treating aGVHD are required. Recently, a new compound A (CpdA), with anti-inflammatory activity and reduced side effects compared to steroids, has been identified. Here, we aimed to determine whether CpdA can improve the outcome of aGVHD when administered after transplantation in a mouse model (C57BL/6 in B6D2F1). After conditioning with 9Gy total body irradiation, mice were infused with bone marrow (BM) cells and splenocytes from either syngeneic (B6D2F1) or allogeneic (C57BL/6) donors. The animals were subsequently treated (3 days/week) with 7.5 mg/kg CpdA from day +15 to day +28; the controls received 0.9% NaCl. Thereafter, the incidence and severity of aGVHD in aGVHD target organs were analyzed. Survival and clinical scores did not differ significantly; however, CpdA-treated animals showed high cell infiltration in the target organs. In bulk mixed lymphocyte reactions, CpdA treatment reduced the cell proliferation and expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines compared to controls, whereas levels of TNF, IL-23, chemokines, and chemokine receptors increased. CpdA significantly reduced proliferation in vitro but increased T cell infiltration in target organs.
Abdellatif Bouazzaoui; Ahmed Abdellatif; Faisal Al-Allaf; Neda Bogari; Mohiuddin Taher; Mohammad Athar; Thomas Schubert; Turki Habeebullah; Sameer Qari. Compound A Increases Cell Infiltration in Target Organs of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease (aGVHD) in a Mouse Model. Molecules 2021, 26, 4237 .
AMA StyleAbdellatif Bouazzaoui, Ahmed Abdellatif, Faisal Al-Allaf, Neda Bogari, Mohiuddin Taher, Mohammad Athar, Thomas Schubert, Turki Habeebullah, Sameer Qari. Compound A Increases Cell Infiltration in Target Organs of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease (aGVHD) in a Mouse Model. Molecules. 2021; 26 (14):4237.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdellatif Bouazzaoui; Ahmed Abdellatif; Faisal Al-Allaf; Neda Bogari; Mohiuddin Taher; Mohammad Athar; Thomas Schubert; Turki Habeebullah; Sameer Qari. 2021. "Compound A Increases Cell Infiltration in Target Organs of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease (aGVHD) in a Mouse Model." Molecules 26, no. 14: 4237.
Alternaria species, mainly air-borne fungi, affect potato plants, causing black spots symptoms. Morphological identification, pathogenicity assessment, and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) molecular identification confirmed that all isolates were Alternaria alternata. The annotated sequences were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers MN592771–MN592777. HPLC analysis revealed that the fungal isolates KH3 (133,200 ng/g) and NO3 (212,000 ng/g) produced higher levels of tenuazonic acid (TeA) and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), respectively. Beet ethanol extract (BEE) and beet methanol extract (BME) at different concentrations were used as antimycotoxins. BME decreased the production of mycotoxins by 66.99–99.79%. The highest TeA reduction rate (99.39%) was reported in the KH3 isolate with 150 µg/mL BME treatment. In comparison, the most effective AME reduction rate (99.79%) was shown in the NO3 isolate with 150 µg/mL BME treatment. In the same way, BEE application resulted in 95.60–99.91% mycotoxin reduction. The highest TeA reduction rate (99.91%) was reported in the KH3 isolate with 150 µg/mL BEE treatment, while the greatest AME reduction rate (99.68%) was shown in the Alam1 isolate with 75 µg/mL BEE treatment. GC-MS analysis showed that the main constituent in BME was the antioxidant compound 1-dodecanamine, n,n-dimethyl with a peak area of 43.75%. In contrast, oxirane, methyl- (23.22%); hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (10.72%); and n-hexadecanoic acid (7.32%) were the main components in BEE found by GC-MS. They are probably antimicrobial molecules and have an effect on the mycotoxin in general. To our knowledge, this is the first study describing the antimycotoxigenic activity of beet extracts against A. alternata mycotoxins-contaminated potato crops in Egypt, aimed to manage and save the environment.
Nesrine Youssef; Sameer Qari; Said Behiry; Eldessoky Dessoky; Ehab El-Hallous; Moustafa Elshaer; Ahmed Kordy; Viviana Maresca; Ahmed Abdelkhalek; Ahmed Heflish. Antimycotoxigenic Activity of Beetroot Extracts against Alternaria alternata Mycotoxins on Potato Crop. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 4239 .
AMA StyleNesrine Youssef, Sameer Qari, Said Behiry, Eldessoky Dessoky, Ehab El-Hallous, Moustafa Elshaer, Ahmed Kordy, Viviana Maresca, Ahmed Abdelkhalek, Ahmed Heflish. Antimycotoxigenic Activity of Beetroot Extracts against Alternaria alternata Mycotoxins on Potato Crop. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (9):4239.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNesrine Youssef; Sameer Qari; Said Behiry; Eldessoky Dessoky; Ehab El-Hallous; Moustafa Elshaer; Ahmed Kordy; Viviana Maresca; Ahmed Abdelkhalek; Ahmed Heflish. 2021. "Antimycotoxigenic Activity of Beetroot Extracts against Alternaria alternata Mycotoxins on Potato Crop." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9: 4239.
The current COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has raised significant economic, social, and psychological concerns. The rapid spread of the virus, coupled with the absence of vaccines and antiviral treatments for SARS-CoV-2, has galvanized a major global endeavor to develop effective vaccines. Within a matter of just a few months of the initial outbreak, research teams worldwide, adopting a range of different strategies, embarked on a quest to develop effective vaccine that could be effectively used to suppress this virulent pathogen. In this review, we describe conventional approaches to vaccine development, including strategies employing proteins, peptides, and attenuated or inactivated pathogens in combination with adjuvants (including genetic adjuvants). We also present details of the novel strategies that were adopted by different research groups to successfully transfer recombinantly expressed antigens while using viral vectors (adenoviral and retroviral) and non-viral delivery systems, and how recently developed methods have been applied in order to produce vaccines that are based on mRNA, self-amplifying RNA (saRNA), and trans-amplifying RNA (taRNA). Moreover, we discuss the methods that are being used to enhance mRNA stability and protein production, the advantages and disadvantages of different methods, and the challenges that are encountered during the development of effective vaccines.
Abdellatif Bouazzaoui; Ahmed Abdellatif; Faisal Al-Allaf; Neda Bogari; Saied Al-Dehlawi; Sameer Qari. Strategies for Vaccination: Conventional Vaccine Approaches Versus New-Generation Strategies in Combination with Adjuvants. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 140 .
AMA StyleAbdellatif Bouazzaoui, Ahmed Abdellatif, Faisal Al-Allaf, Neda Bogari, Saied Al-Dehlawi, Sameer Qari. Strategies for Vaccination: Conventional Vaccine Approaches Versus New-Generation Strategies in Combination with Adjuvants. Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13 (2):140.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdellatif Bouazzaoui; Ahmed Abdellatif; Faisal Al-Allaf; Neda Bogari; Saied Al-Dehlawi; Sameer Qari. 2021. "Strategies for Vaccination: Conventional Vaccine Approaches Versus New-Generation Strategies in Combination with Adjuvants." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 2: 140.
A high degree of endemism has been recorded for several plant groups collectively in Saint Katherine Protectorate (SKP) in the Sinai Peninsula. Nine endangered endemic plant species in SKP were selected to test the variable abilities of three different DNA barcodes; Riboluse-1,5- Biphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase Large subunit (rbcL), Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS), and the two regions of the plastid gene (ycf1) as well as Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) Polymorphism to find the phylogenetic relationships among them. The three barcodes were generally more capable of finding the genetic relationships among the plant species under study, new barcodes were introduced to the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) for the first time through our work. The barcode sequences were efficient in finding the genetic relationships between the nine species. However, SCoT polymorphism could only cluster plant species belonging to the same genus together in one group, but it could not cluster plant species belonging to the same families except for some primers solely. RbcL was the most easily amplified and identified barcode in eight out of the nine species at the species level and the ninth barcode to the genus level. ITS identified all the species to the genus level. Finally, ycf1 identified six out of the eight species, but it could not identify two of the eight species to the genus level.
Ahmed M. Hashim; Aishah Alatawi; Faris M. Altaf; Sameer H. Qari; Mohamed E. Elhady; Gamal H. Osman; Heba H. Abouseadaa. Phylogenetic relationships and DNA barcoding of nine endangered medicinal plant species endemic to Saint Katherine protectorate. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2021, 28, 1919 -1930.
AMA StyleAhmed M. Hashim, Aishah Alatawi, Faris M. Altaf, Sameer H. Qari, Mohamed E. Elhady, Gamal H. Osman, Heba H. Abouseadaa. Phylogenetic relationships and DNA barcoding of nine endangered medicinal plant species endemic to Saint Katherine protectorate. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021; 28 (3):1919-1930.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed M. Hashim; Aishah Alatawi; Faris M. Altaf; Sameer H. Qari; Mohamed E. Elhady; Gamal H. Osman; Heba H. Abouseadaa. 2021. "Phylogenetic relationships and DNA barcoding of nine endangered medicinal plant species endemic to Saint Katherine protectorate." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28, no. 3: 1919-1930.
Drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become a major challenge to the current regime of treatment as well as to the containment of the disease globally. The molecular and genetic studies identified frequently occurring point mutations in the virulent protein such as KatG of M. tuberculosis resulted in the development of isoniazid tolerance in the pathogen. This study aims to analyze the structural basis of the disease mutations available in the literature as well as to predict novel alteration in the KatG which may cause similar deleterious effects. Around 15 experimentally derived mutations were included in this study and pathogenic mutational landscapes containing 60 site-specific alterations were predicted using the available in silico techniques. The effects of these mutations on the stability of the protein were studied and an exhaustive docking study was conducted for each classified perturbations, which identify the highest changes in the binding energies in p.Meth255Ile among experimental and p.Ala222Arg in computationally predicted mutations. Furthermore, the structural effects on these substitutions were analyzed using the principles of molecular dynamic simulations each for a 100 ns time scale, which validated the interaction studies. The outcome of this study may enable the identification of the novel drug resistance-associated point mutations which were not previously reported and may contribute significantly in a variety of experimental studies as well as facilitate the process of drug design and discovery. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Mohd Shahbaaz; Sameer H. Qari; Magda H. Abdellattif; Mostafa A. Hussien. Structural analyses and classification of novel isoniazid resistance coupled mutational landscapes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a combined molecular docking and MD simulation study. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 2020, 1 -10.
AMA StyleMohd Shahbaaz, Sameer H. Qari, Magda H. Abdellattif, Mostafa A. Hussien. Structural analyses and classification of novel isoniazid resistance coupled mutational landscapes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a combined molecular docking and MD simulation study. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics. 2020; ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohd Shahbaaz; Sameer H. Qari; Magda H. Abdellattif; Mostafa A. Hussien. 2020. "Structural analyses and classification of novel isoniazid resistance coupled mutational landscapes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a combined molecular docking and MD simulation study." Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics , no. : 1-10.
The Egyptian narrowly endemic and critically endangered plant species Rosa arabica Crép. was studied employing a taxonomic and molecular approach. Morphological investigations, distance analysis, and phylogenetic reconstruction revealed that R. arabica is a distinct species with great affinity to R. canina and differentiated from R. rubiginosa. Molecular identification based on the sequences of multiple markers single or in combination ITS, matK, rbcL, and trnL-F succeeded in identifying R. arabica at genus and species levels. We evaluated the potential of each marker and a combination of the nuclear ITS -Internal Transcribed Spacer- with one of the plastid markers, matK, rbcL, or trnL-F, to accurately identify Rosa species. All of them were successful in identifying R. arabica. Classification based on DNA sequences shows that R. arabica is placed within section Caninae in a clade comprising R. canina and R. rubiginosa. Moreover, R. arabica is closely related to other European Rosa species. In conclusion, our results indicate that the four DNA markers can provide species resolution in the context of the genus Rosa and relatives, aiming to characterize morphology and genetic diversity in the ecological and economically important genus Rosa.
Ahmed El-Banhawy; Carmen Acedo; Sameer Qari; Ahmed Elkordy. Molecular Identification and Phylogenetic Placement of Rosa arabica Crép. (Rosaceae), a Critically Endangered Plant Species. Life 2020, 10, 335 .
AMA StyleAhmed El-Banhawy, Carmen Acedo, Sameer Qari, Ahmed Elkordy. Molecular Identification and Phylogenetic Placement of Rosa arabica Crép. (Rosaceae), a Critically Endangered Plant Species. Life. 2020; 10 (12):335.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed El-Banhawy; Carmen Acedo; Sameer Qari; Ahmed Elkordy. 2020. "Molecular Identification and Phylogenetic Placement of Rosa arabica Crép. (Rosaceae), a Critically Endangered Plant Species." Life 10, no. 12: 335.
The significance of the climate change may involve enhancement of plant growth as well as utilization of the environmental alterations in male fertility (MF) regulation via male sterility (MS) systems. We described that MS systems provide a fundamental platform for improvement in agriculture production and have been explicated for creating bulk germplasm of the two-line hybrids (EGMS) in rice as compared to the three-line, to gain production sustainability and exploit its immense potential. Environmental alterations such as photoperiod and/or temperature and humidity regulate MS in EGMS lines via genetic and epigenetic changes, regulation of the noncoding RNAs, and RNA-metabolism including the transcriptional factors (TFs) implication. Herein, this article enlightens a deep understanding of the molecular control of MF in EGMS lines and exploring the regulatory driving forces that function efficiently during plant adaption under a changing environment. We highlighted a possible solution in obtaining more stable hybrids through apomixis (single-line system) for seed production.
Muhammad Furqan Ashraf; Guoqing Peng; Zhenlan Liu; Ali Noman; Saad Alamri; Mohamed Hashem; Sameer H. Qari; Omar Mahmoud Al Zoubi. Molecular Control and Application of Male Fertility for Two-Line Hybrid Rice Breeding. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 7868 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Furqan Ashraf, Guoqing Peng, Zhenlan Liu, Ali Noman, Saad Alamri, Mohamed Hashem, Sameer H. Qari, Omar Mahmoud Al Zoubi. Molecular Control and Application of Male Fertility for Two-Line Hybrid Rice Breeding. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (21):7868.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Furqan Ashraf; Guoqing Peng; Zhenlan Liu; Ali Noman; Saad Alamri; Mohamed Hashem; Sameer H. Qari; Omar Mahmoud Al Zoubi. 2020. "Molecular Control and Application of Male Fertility for Two-Line Hybrid Rice Breeding." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21: 7868.
Nanotechnology applications are increasingly utilized to improve crops. Besides their use as antifungal and antimicrobial agents, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are currently exploited to improve seed germination, plant development, and photosynthetic efficiency. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of biosynthesized AgNPs in the seedlings of Zea mays L., Trigonella foenum-graecum L., and Allium cepa L. AgNPs were biosynthesized in the blue gum (Eucalyptus globules) leaves and characterized by UV–Visible spectra, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopic analyses. The biosafety of the AgNPs was tested by cytotoxicity assay, antibacterial activity, and determination of MIC and MBC. The effects of biogenic AgNPs application at different concentrations (25, 50, 75 < and 100 mg L−1) on seed germination, seedling growth, oxidative stress status, and antioxidant enzyme activities were studied. Applications of AgNPs significantly improved seed germination and growth of Z. mays L., T. foenum-graecum L., and A. cepa L. (p < 0.05). Notably, growth was stimulated by an increase in the concentration of AgNPs. Applications of AgNPs also enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase as well as glutathione and ascorbate contents, whereas the malondialdehyde content was reduced by increasing the concentration of AgNPs. The expression levels of antioxidant enzymes were upregulated in AgNP-treated seedlings compared with those of the control. Our study demonstrated that the application of silver nanoparticles significantly enhanced seed germination and antioxidant machinery and improved the early growth characteristics in both monocot and dicot crops.
Mona Soliman; Sameer H. Qari; Abdelghafar Abu-Elsaoud; Mohamed El-Esawi; Haifa Alhaithloul; Amr Elkelish. Rapid green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from blue gum augment growth and performance of maize, fenugreek, and onion by modulating plants cellular antioxidant machinery and genes expression. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 2020, 42, 1 -16.
AMA StyleMona Soliman, Sameer H. Qari, Abdelghafar Abu-Elsaoud, Mohamed El-Esawi, Haifa Alhaithloul, Amr Elkelish. Rapid green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from blue gum augment growth and performance of maize, fenugreek, and onion by modulating plants cellular antioxidant machinery and genes expression. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 2020; 42 (9):1-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMona Soliman; Sameer H. Qari; Abdelghafar Abu-Elsaoud; Mohamed El-Esawi; Haifa Alhaithloul; Amr Elkelish. 2020. "Rapid green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from blue gum augment growth and performance of maize, fenugreek, and onion by modulating plants cellular antioxidant machinery and genes expression." Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 42, no. 9: 1-16.
In this study, ethanol whole plant extract (WPE) of Haplophyllum tuberculatum was characterized and tested for its antifungal and antiviral activities against Fusarium culmorum, Rhizoctonia solani and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that the main phytochemical constituents of H. tuberculatum WPE were resveratrol (5178.58 mg/kg), kaempferol (1735.23 mg/kg), myricetin (561.18 mg/kg), rutin (487.04 mg/kg), quercetin (401.04 mg/kg), and rosmarinic acid (387.33 mg/kg). By increasing H. tuberculatum WPE at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%, all of the fungal isolates were suppressed compared to the two positive and negative controls. Under greenhouse conditions, WPE-treated Chenopodium amaranticolor plants strongly inhibited TMV infection and significantly reduced TMV accumulation levels when compared to non-treated plants. Moreover, the induction of systemic resistance with significant increases in the transcriptional levels of the pathogenesis-related protein-1 (PR-1), chalcone synthase (CHS), and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate transferase (HQT) genes for treated plants were noticed at 3 and 5 days post-inoculation (dpi) for both assays. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported observation of the antiviral activity of H. tuberculatum extract against plant viral infections. Finally, the results obtained suggest that H. tuberculatum WPE can be considered a promising source of both antifungal and antiviral substances for practical use and for developing plant-derived compounds for the effective management of plant diseases.
Ahmed Abdelkhalek; Mohamed Z. M. Salem; Elsayed Hafez; Said I. Behiry; Sameer H. Qari. The Phytochemical, Antifungal, and First Report of the Antiviral Properties of Egyptian Haplophyllum tuberculatum Extract. Biology 2020, 9, 248 .
AMA StyleAhmed Abdelkhalek, Mohamed Z. M. Salem, Elsayed Hafez, Said I. Behiry, Sameer H. Qari. The Phytochemical, Antifungal, and First Report of the Antiviral Properties of Egyptian Haplophyllum tuberculatum Extract. Biology. 2020; 9 (9):248.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Abdelkhalek; Mohamed Z. M. Salem; Elsayed Hafez; Said I. Behiry; Sameer H. Qari. 2020. "The Phytochemical, Antifungal, and First Report of the Antiviral Properties of Egyptian Haplophyllum tuberculatum Extract." Biology 9, no. 9: 248.
The red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus is a large polyphagous insect, and this study was carried out to isolate chitinase from Beauveria bassiana as well as phytochemical screening of Justicia brandegeana to elucidate its effect as biocontrol agents against the red palm weevil and its possible effect on enzymatic bioactivity. It is the first time that the lipoid constituents of J. brandegeana were examined by both gas–liquid chromatography (GLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/Mass). The results showed that the highest rates of mortality in treated prepupae were 35.0% and 30.0% with the higher concentration of chitinase (25 ppm) and petroleum ether extract of J. brandegeana (1,200 ppm), respectively. Moreover, changes in enzyme activity of ALP, PO, GPT, and GOT in the prepupal stage after treatment with LC50 chitinase and J. brandegeana extract were 36.63 & 14.32, −21.99 & 41.20, −11.02 & 47.05, and −36.00 & 21.43% compared with untreated control, respectively. This study demonstrated effectiveness of chitinase, and the petroleum ether extract of J. brandegeana has potent effect against Rh. ferrugineus due to its disturbance effect on the enzymatic system, protein as well as DNA damage.
Ayman A. Shehawy; Magda T. Ibrahim; Enas S. Aboutaleb; Sameer H. Qari. Bioactivity and biochemical efficacy of chitinase andJusticia brandegeanaextract against Red Palm WeevilRhynchophorus ferrugineusOlivier (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Food Science & Nutrition 2020, 8, 4625 -4636.
AMA StyleAyman A. Shehawy, Magda T. Ibrahim, Enas S. Aboutaleb, Sameer H. Qari. Bioactivity and biochemical efficacy of chitinase andJusticia brandegeanaextract against Red Palm WeevilRhynchophorus ferrugineusOlivier (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Food Science & Nutrition. 2020; 8 (8):4625-4636.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAyman A. Shehawy; Magda T. Ibrahim; Enas S. Aboutaleb; Sameer H. Qari. 2020. "Bioactivity and biochemical efficacy of chitinase andJusticia brandegeanaextract against Red Palm WeevilRhynchophorus ferrugineusOlivier (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." Food Science & Nutrition 8, no. 8: 4625-4636.
Aphid species are the most common insect pest infesting wheat plants. The LC values of imidacloprid against aphid spp., ISSR‐PCR molecular markers and biochemical parameters in wheat plant in the present study were carried out. The LC50 of imidacloprid on Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosiphum padi, Sitobion avenae, and Schzaphis graminum were 71.626, 85.853, 91.05, and 115.806, respectively. While, the biochemical parameters in treated wheat plants including; total protein, RNA, and DNA contents increased in all experimental groups. Moreover, total carbohydrates and soluble sugar also increased in treated wheat seedlings. Also, the genetic diversity studies revealed that among six ISSR primers produced 36 amplified DNA fragments in a molecular weight range of (480–1545 bp). About 28 fragments were monomorphic, and 8 fragments were polymorphic. It can be concluded that the effectiveness of imidacloprid against sucking insects in treated wheat plants may due to few genetic variations and some metabolic changes in the Triticum. aestivum . Practical applications The current study indicated that the potent efficacy of imidacloprid against different aphid spp. which were the most insect pest in wheat plants. As well as the application of imidacloprid as seed dressing insecticide, significantly increase carbohydrate, protein, amino acids, and RNA content in T. aestivum plants. While there was no significant increase in DNA in treated one. The recorded increase in these biochemical parameters may due to the increase in the gene expressions as a result of the application of such pesticides. These results explain the extra mechanism of the effect of imidacloprid against sucking insects. Also, the conducted results explain the effect of imidacloprid as a seed dressing insecticide in wheat crop protection from sucking insects and increasing seed germination, increasing seed wheat and number of seeds/spike.
Sameer Qari; Ayman Shehawy. Measurement of biorational effect of imidacloprid on some aphids spp. as well as on wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) using biochemical parameters and ISSR‐PCR. Journal of Food Biochemistry 2020, 44, e13257 .
AMA StyleSameer Qari, Ayman Shehawy. Measurement of biorational effect of imidacloprid on some aphids spp. as well as on wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) using biochemical parameters and ISSR‐PCR. Journal of Food Biochemistry. 2020; 44 (8):e13257.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSameer Qari; Ayman Shehawy. 2020. "Measurement of biorational effect of imidacloprid on some aphids spp. as well as on wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) using biochemical parameters and ISSR‐PCR." Journal of Food Biochemistry 44, no. 8: e13257.
The hypersensitive response (HR) is a defense action against pathogen ingression. Typically, HR is predictable with the appearance of the dead, brown cells along with visible lesions. Although death during HR can be limited to the cells in direct contact with pathogens, yet cell death can also spread away from the infection site. The variety in morphologies of plant cell death proposes involvement of different pathways for triggering HR. It is considered that, despite the differences, HR in plants performs the resembling functions like that of animal programmed cell death (PCD) for confining pathogen progression. HR, in fact, crucially initiates systemic signals for activation of defense in distal plant parts that ultimately results in systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Therefore, HR can be separated from other local immune actions/responses at the infection site. HR comprises of serial events inclusive of transcriptional reprograming, Ca2+ influx, oxidative bursts and phyto-hormonal signaling. Although a lot of work has been done on HR in plants but many questions regarding mechanisms and consequences of HRs remain unaddressed.We have summarized the mechanistic roles and cellular events of plant cells during HR in defense regulation. Roles of different genes during HR have been discussed to clarify genetic control of HR in plants. Generally existing ambiguities about HR and programmed cell death at the reader level has been addressed.
Ali Noman; Muhammad Aqeel; Sameer Hasan Qari; Ameena A. Al Surhanee; Ghulam Yasin; Saad Alamri; Mohamed Hashem; Abdullah M Al-Saadi. Plant hypersensitive response vs pathogen ingression: Death of few gives life to others. Microbial Pathogenesis 2020, 145, 104224 .
AMA StyleAli Noman, Muhammad Aqeel, Sameer Hasan Qari, Ameena A. Al Surhanee, Ghulam Yasin, Saad Alamri, Mohamed Hashem, Abdullah M Al-Saadi. Plant hypersensitive response vs pathogen ingression: Death of few gives life to others. Microbial Pathogenesis. 2020; 145 ():104224.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Noman; Muhammad Aqeel; Sameer Hasan Qari; Ameena A. Al Surhanee; Ghulam Yasin; Saad Alamri; Mohamed Hashem; Abdullah M Al-Saadi. 2020. "Plant hypersensitive response vs pathogen ingression: Death of few gives life to others." Microbial Pathogenesis 145, no. : 104224.
This study is intended to clarify the influence of exogenous bovine lactoferrin (bLf) treatment on glycemic homeostasis, gene expression, and production of lactoferrin (Lf) in rats with experimentally induced diabetes. Fifty adult male rats were used; 15 rats were used as the normal control rats (group A) and were injected an intraperitoneal (I/P) with 1 ml of isotonic saline daily for 3 months. Thirty-five rats were administered I/P injection of 60 mg of streptozotocin per kilogram body weight to induce diabetes. Thirty streptozotocin-treated rats were selected and used as diabetic rats, and they were subdivided into 2 equal groups (15 rats each): the untreated diabetic group (group B) and treated diabetic group (group C). The rats in the diabetic group were administered an I/P injection of 1 ml of isotonic saline daily for 3 months, while rats in the diabetic treatment group were administered an I/P injection of 300 mg of bLf/kg body weight/day/3 months. At the end of the experiment, blood and renal tissue samples were collected from all rats. The levels of insulin, glucose, and lactoferrin in plasma were measured. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was performed. The numbers of Lf-mRNA copies in renal tissue were assessed using quantitative RT-PCR. To measure Lf production in renal tissue, Western blot analysis was applied. The obtained data demonstrated that the treatment of diabetic rats with bLf maintained glycemic homeostasis at normal levels but increased the mRNA expression of renal Lf. In diabetic rats, bovine lactoferrin treatment offers the potential for protection against incidences of insulin resistance (IR) by stimulating the suppressed expression and production of the LTF gene.
Sameer H. Qari; Kamal Attia. Gene expression of renal lactoferrin and glycemic homeostasis in diabetic rats with reference to the protective role of exogenous bovine lactoferrin. The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology 2020, 81, 1 -6.
AMA StyleSameer H. Qari, Kamal Attia. Gene expression of renal lactoferrin and glycemic homeostasis in diabetic rats with reference to the protective role of exogenous bovine lactoferrin. The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology. 2020; 81 (1):1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSameer H. Qari; Kamal Attia. 2020. "Gene expression of renal lactoferrin and glycemic homeostasis in diabetic rats with reference to the protective role of exogenous bovine lactoferrin." The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology 81, no. 1: 1-6.
Chilling, a sort of cold stress, is a typical abiotic ecological stress that impacts the development as well as the growth of crops. The present study was carried to investigate the role of ascorbic acid root priming in enhancing tolerance of tomato seedlings against acute chilling stress. The treatments included untreated control, ascorbic acid-treated plants (AsA; 0.5 mM), acute chilling-stressed plants (4 °C), and chilling stressed seedlings treated by ascorbic acid. Exposure to acute chilling stress reduced growth in terms of length, fresh and dry biomass, pigment synthesis, and photosynthesis. AsA was effective in mitigating the injurious effects of chilling stress to significant levels when supplied at 0.5 mM concentrations. AsA priming reduced the chilling mediated oxidative damage by lowering the electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, and hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, up regulating the activity of enzymatic components of the antioxidant system. Further, 0.5 mM AsA proved beneficial in enhancing ions uptake in normal and chilling stressed seedlings. At the gene expression level, AsA significantly lowered the expression level of CAT and heat shock protein genes. Therefore, we theorize that the implementation of exogenous AsA treatment reduced the negative effects of severe chilling stress on tomato.
Amr Elkelish; Sameer H. Qari; Yasser S. A. Mazrou; Khaled A. A. Abdelaal; Yaser M. Hafez; Abdelghafar M. Abu-Elsaoud; Gaber El-Saber Batiha; Mohamed A. El-Esawi; Nihal El Nahhas. Exogenous Ascorbic Acid Induced Chilling Tolerance in Tomato Plants Through Modulating Metabolism, Osmolytes, Antioxidants, and Transcriptional Regulation of Catalase and Heat Shock Proteins. Plants 2020, 9, 431 .
AMA StyleAmr Elkelish, Sameer H. Qari, Yasser S. A. Mazrou, Khaled A. A. Abdelaal, Yaser M. Hafez, Abdelghafar M. Abu-Elsaoud, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Mohamed A. El-Esawi, Nihal El Nahhas. Exogenous Ascorbic Acid Induced Chilling Tolerance in Tomato Plants Through Modulating Metabolism, Osmolytes, Antioxidants, and Transcriptional Regulation of Catalase and Heat Shock Proteins. Plants. 2020; 9 (4):431.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmr Elkelish; Sameer H. Qari; Yasser S. A. Mazrou; Khaled A. A. Abdelaal; Yaser M. Hafez; Abdelghafar M. Abu-Elsaoud; Gaber El-Saber Batiha; Mohamed A. El-Esawi; Nihal El Nahhas. 2020. "Exogenous Ascorbic Acid Induced Chilling Tolerance in Tomato Plants Through Modulating Metabolism, Osmolytes, Antioxidants, and Transcriptional Regulation of Catalase and Heat Shock Proteins." Plants 9, no. 4: 431.
In this study, we investigated a novel aflatoxin biosensor based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and developed electrochemical biosensors based on a sodium alginate biopolymer as a new matrix for acetylcholinesterase immobilization. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was performed as a convenient transduction method to evaluate the AChE activity through the oxidation of the metabolic product, thiocholine. Satisfactory analytical performances in terms of high sensitivity, good repeatability, and long-term storage stability were obtained with a linear dynamic range from 0.1 to 100 ng/mL and a low detection limit of 0.1 ng/mL, which is below the recommended level of AFB1 (2 µg/L). The suitability of the proposed method was evaluated using the samples of rice supplemented with AFB1 (0.5 ng/mL). The selectivity of the AChE-biosensor for aflatoxins relative to other sets of toxic substances (OTA, AFM 1) was also investigated.
Amani Chrouda; Khouala Zinoubi; Raya Soltane; Noof Alzahrani; Gamal Osman; Youssef O. Al-Ghamdi; Sameer Qari; Albandary Al Al Mahri; Faisal K. Algethami; Hatem Majdoub; Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault. An Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition-Based Biosensor for Aflatoxin B1 Detection Using Sodium Alginate as an Immobilization Matrix. Toxins 2020, 12, 173 .
AMA StyleAmani Chrouda, Khouala Zinoubi, Raya Soltane, Noof Alzahrani, Gamal Osman, Youssef O. Al-Ghamdi, Sameer Qari, Albandary Al Al Mahri, Faisal K. Algethami, Hatem Majdoub, Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault. An Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition-Based Biosensor for Aflatoxin B1 Detection Using Sodium Alginate as an Immobilization Matrix. Toxins. 2020; 12 (3):173.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmani Chrouda; Khouala Zinoubi; Raya Soltane; Noof Alzahrani; Gamal Osman; Youssef O. Al-Ghamdi; Sameer Qari; Albandary Al Al Mahri; Faisal K. Algethami; Hatem Majdoub; Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault. 2020. "An Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition-Based Biosensor for Aflatoxin B1 Detection Using Sodium Alginate as an Immobilization Matrix." Toxins 12, no. 3: 173.
The present study was conducted to investigate the toxicity of Aerosil 200® (fumed silica nanoparticles) and leaf extracts of four plants, Cinnamomum camphora, Matricaria chamomilla, Mentha arvensis, and Trigonella foenum-graecum against Thrips tabaci (Lind.) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in onion fields, as well their allelopathic effects on onions; moreover, the chlorophyll, phenol, and protein contents were determined in onions. This study was performed in completely randomized plots. After a growth period of 1 month, bioassay investigations and molecular polymorphism in T. tabaci by RAPD-PCR were performed, and total chlorophyll, phenol, and protein concentrations were investigated in onion plants posttreatment as well. The initial reduction% of the T. tabaci population in onion fields after application of a high concentration of nanoparticles (Aerosil 200® (4 ml/l)) and 8000 ppm concentrations of the four plant extracts were 83.66, 81.08, 86.92, 74.49, and 91.38%, respectively, whereas their persistence effects were 73.18, 67.78, 71.46, 66.94, and 78.29%, respectively. Furthermore, the total chlorophyll contents in onions treated with the nanoparticles and four plant extracts were 1.35, 1.17, 1.09, 1.07, and 1.18 mg/g, respectively; additionally, the concentrations of phenols were 4.65, 3.15, 3.15, 2.85, and 3.70 mg/g in onions treated with C. camphora, M. chamomilla, M. arvensis, T. foenum-graecum, and Aerosil 200®, respectively. The C. camphora extract was the most potent, as it increased the protein content in the onion plants, while the Aerosil 200® decreased the protein content in onions. In addition, DNA-RAPD showed that the polymorphism percentages were 73, 71, and 67% when treated with high concentrations of C. camphora and M. arvensis extracts and Aerosol 200®, respectively. T. foenum-graecum and M. chamomilla extracts induced the least polymorphism (17 and 16%, respectively). Overall, this study indicated that these plant extracts as well as the nanoparticles in Aerosil 200® could be used to reduce onion infestations of T. tabaci in the field environment.
Sameer H. Qari; Abdelhalem H. Khalil; Nilly A. H. Abdelfattah; Ayman A. Shehawy. Effect of different plant extracts and nanoparticles on Thrips tabaci (Lind.) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) under field conditions and their allelopathic potential on the onion, Allium cepa L. using bioassays and RAPD analysis. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 2020, 30, 1 -8.
AMA StyleSameer H. Qari, Abdelhalem H. Khalil, Nilly A. H. Abdelfattah, Ayman A. Shehawy. Effect of different plant extracts and nanoparticles on Thrips tabaci (Lind.) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) under field conditions and their allelopathic potential on the onion, Allium cepa L. using bioassays and RAPD analysis. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control. 2020; 30 (1):1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSameer H. Qari; Abdelhalem H. Khalil; Nilly A. H. Abdelfattah; Ayman A. Shehawy. 2020. "Effect of different plant extracts and nanoparticles on Thrips tabaci (Lind.) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) under field conditions and their allelopathic potential on the onion, Allium cepa L. using bioassays and RAPD analysis." Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 30, no. 1: 1-8.