This article discusses the need to transform real estate valuation methods. It is associated with the problems of obtaining unreliable results affecting the subsequent adoption of management decisions. As an important element of land plots assessment, the authors define the Negative Infrastructural Externalities arising from the presence of infrastructure and other regime-forming facilities. These externalities represent the loss of title holders due to the encumbrances arising from the use of land plots. The world community (and the authors as part of it) sees one of the transformation methods in the automation of the evaluation process. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a mechanism of automating the Negative Infrastructural Externalities assessment process in the conditions of a non-existent and weak market activity of land relations. Modern trends dictate the saving of hardware, labor and money resources; in this connection, the methods of Negative Infrastructural Externalities assessment are implemented on the basis of the “thin client” technology. The research is based on the following methods: the analytical method is used to perform a critical analysis of the problem area and to substantiate the research topic’s relevance; methods of object-oriented programming and methods of modular programming (Cowan’s axiom of modularity) are used as tools for developing the web application logic, as well as the interaction of its individual elements; the attribute-driven design approach is used in the creation of software architectures. The result of the study is the developed and substantiated architecture of a web application for assessing negative infrastructural external factors in determining the land value, the implemented modular structure of the specified web application and the developed conceptual model of the database. The practical implementation of the listed proposals is made by means of the Python programming language. The advantage of the created automated system is the possibility of multi-disciplinary use of the expert assessment approach when changing the settings.

The work forms and substantiates the concept of land value, based on a new institutional theory. The infrastructural component of the cost of land in the presented concept determines, on the one hand, the efficiency of the use of natural resources, properties, demand for land on the market, on the other hand, the costs, which are determined not only by capital investments in construction of engineering infrastructure, but also by losses associated with restrictions on activities within zones with special conditions for territory use, creation of unfavorable conditions for economic activity, small contours, irregularities and others on a specific land plot, which are external negative infrastructural externalities that create losses of rights holders of land plots that are not compensated by the market, falling within the boundaries of these zones. Methods for assessing the impact of such negative infrastructural externalities on the cost of land encumbered by zones in different conditions of land market activity have been developed and tested, based on an expert-analytical approach (depressed market); the ratio of market values of land plots encumbered and unencumbered by a specific zone, and qualimetric modeling (inactive market); modeling by introducing into the model the factor of presence of zones with special conditions for territory use, based on the grouping of zones according to similar regulations for use, or by introducing the parameters of this factor (active market). Methods for taking into account spatial deficiencies and compensating for restrictions and prohibitions on activities on the territory of land plots with an individual market assessment are proposed.

Concerning the dependence of land taxation on the cadastral or market value of lands in developed and developing countries, the role of land resources in the system of socio-economic development is quite high. World studies show the presence of methodological problems related, among other things, to the composition of price-forming factors of mass assessment. In relation to garden and vegetable garden lands, the issue of taking into account factors related to the immediate environment and soil quality is especially relevant, which is associated with the social justice of land taxation. The current paper aims to determine the influence of factors of the immediate environment and soil fertility on the cadastral value of the lands under consideration by determining which methodological apparatus has been built. Modeling of the specific indicator of cadastral value (SICV) of land plots is performed on the example of five gardening and vegetable gardening partnerships of the Belgorod district, where 79% of the territory is occupied by agricultural lands, which are quite diverse in soil composition, relief, and other studied factors. A linear model of dependence between local factors and the UPCS is proved. The reliability of the model is confirmed by testing for homoscedasticity, autocorrelation, and statistical significance of factors. The results of determining the cadastral value demonstrated an average change of 10%.

This article addresses the global issue of preserving cultural heritage, which is associated, among other things, with the lack of provision for boundaries of protection zones for cultural heritage sites. This paper analyzes the worldwide experience in the field of establishing protection zones for cultural heritage sites, identifies the issues of preserving cultural heritage in Russia, as well as imperfections in the management of lands containing cultural heritage sites. To improve the management of such lands, a method of historical and cultural assessment of territories has been developed, which, on the basis of evaluative factors, makes it possible to characterize the historical and cultural value of a territory. In this article, based on this list of factors, a method for mathematical substantiation of the boundaries of protection zones of cultural heritage sites has been developed; this method includes seven stages. Using mathematical and statistical methods, models were obtained to determine the area of the protection (buffer) zone and the development control zone, the analysis of which revealed differentiation between the factors of historical and cultural assessment that characterize the urban environment, depending on the type of zones. The interpretation of the obtained models and the fields of their use are given.

DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2023.6 The Russian economy has a pronounced resource specialization; in many regions, subsoil use is a backbone or one of the main areas of the economy. In these conditions, the improvement of the methodology for the economic evaluation of lands on which mining enterprises are located is of particular relevance. On the basis of the existing experience...

Infrastructure facility development and modernization highly contribute to national economic growth, but at the same time, such development also causes local negative impacts on the use of specific land plots, creating losses for their right holders. In Russia, some prerequisites have already been laid down on the issue of compensation for the losses associated with restrictions on the rights and prohibitions of economic activity within zones with special territory use conditions (ZSTUCs). However, the impacts of such facilities lead to environmental pollution and land use disadvantages, such as irregular parcels. The aim of this work is to substantiate a set of approaches to compensating for the cumulative negative impact of infrastructure facilities. The factors causing the negative impacts of infrastructure facilities are grouped into three areas: rights restrictions, territorial deficiencies and environmental pollution. This work uses the SWOT analysis method with the possibility of element-by-element analysis, as a result of which the approaches to the compensation for negative impacts under different external and internal conditions are determined. As a result of this study, a justification for a set of approaches to compensating for the negative impacts of infrastructure facilities on land use was executed, and a new algorithm to compensate the right holders of the land, industry sector or state for such negative impacts was developed. The following approaches to compensating for negative impacts were identified: loss assessment; the establishment of environmental payments; cadastral value adjustment; compensation for industry sector losses; and the use of state regulation tools. The first two approaches were identified as the main ones. The proposed algorithm can be realized only with the help of the abovementioned methodological approaches, which form a basis for further research.