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In the past 20 years, there have been increasingly more studies on sustainable technology innovation (STI), possessing a significance for sustainable development. This paper aims to provide a research landscape, since the systematic understanding of STI is still inadequate. Through bibliometric analysis, it explores the literature distribution characteristics and the literature citation network. Based on the relevant literature data in the Web of Science (WOS), the study visually analyzes the development trend, topic distribution, burst literature, and co-citation network of the research literature, and extracts the evolution path of literature citation by using the main path analysis method. Through the analysis of co-citation and main path, 13 clusters in the co-citation network are found, which are further extracted as the main path network containing 82 nodes. Furthermore, this paper summarized the bibliometric landscape and discussed the frontier STI research topics. The comprehensive framework contributes to the understanding of STI themes and identifying future research agenda.
Ben Zhang; Lei Ma; Zheng Liu. Literature Trend Identification of Sustainable Technology Innovation: A Bibliometric Study Based on Co-Citation and Main Path Analysis. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8664 .
AMA StyleBen Zhang, Lei Ma, Zheng Liu. Literature Trend Identification of Sustainable Technology Innovation: A Bibliometric Study Based on Co-Citation and Main Path Analysis. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8664.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBen Zhang; Lei Ma; Zheng Liu. 2020. "Literature Trend Identification of Sustainable Technology Innovation: A Bibliometric Study Based on Co-Citation and Main Path Analysis." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8664.
Global economic integration is driving countries and companies to increasingly pursue internationalized innovation activities. During this process, transnational patents are thought to play a vital role in protecting inventions and innovations abroad. This study investigates the structure of international technology diffusion and its evolution using transnational patent networks (TPNs) during the 1994–2017 period. The analyses are conducted using topological structures, centrality rankings, a three-layer visualization analysis (global, contextual and ego) and a block modeling analysis assisted by measures from social network analysis. The major findings are as follows: (1) TPNs present clear small-world phenomena, and the countries in the networks tend to establish more connections with other countries over time; (2) TPNs exhibit a highly uneven distribution in degree centrality and betweenness centrality, indicating a conspicuous global hierarchical structure of patent-expanding capabilities in various countries; (3) three-layer landscapes of TPNs illustrate the extreme imbalance in the ability of expanding transnational patents between South and North countries; (4) four blocks that play different roles in TPNs are distinguished, i.e., source, broker, beginner and absorber; and (5) 22 countries with high betweenness rankings achieve block-level transitions; among these countries, China and Singapore are highly typical examples. This paper argues that developed countries are actively using the monopoly power granted by transnational patents to shape a new world system. This study concludes with a discussion of policy implications for developing countries.
Wei Yang; Xiang Yu; Ben Zhang; Ziyang Huang. Mapping the landscape of international technology diffusion (1994–2017): network analysis of transnational patents. The Journal of Technology Transfer 2019, 46, 138 -171.
AMA StyleWei Yang, Xiang Yu, Ben Zhang, Ziyang Huang. Mapping the landscape of international technology diffusion (1994–2017): network analysis of transnational patents. The Journal of Technology Transfer. 2019; 46 (1):138-171.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei Yang; Xiang Yu; Ben Zhang; Ziyang Huang. 2019. "Mapping the landscape of international technology diffusion (1994–2017): network analysis of transnational patents." The Journal of Technology Transfer 46, no. 1: 138-171.
Patent protection is a critical aspect of sustainable technology innovation, which is currently facing the challenge of patent risk. This study aimed to help enterprises prevent and avoid patent risk in a global view of technology innovation, and to propose a systematic evaluation model for patent risk. By combining the entropy method with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), this study constructed an analytic hierarchy model of patent risk. Some indexes in the model were selected based on the summary of prior literature, and other indexes were selected according to experts’ communication, which helped us to generalize the patent risk as comprehensively as possible. The AHP evaluation results determined the weight and relative materiality for each risk factor, which were contained in a criteria layer and a sub-criteria layer. The entropy method integrated the evaluation weights of different experts’ opinions. By dividing the risk factors into three categories, namely “high”, “medium”, or “low”, according to the priority degree, the risk priority ranking was obtained. Suggestions are discussed regarding support for enterprises in dealing with patent risk that may occur during international trade or other commercial activities.
Ben Zhang; Lei Ma; Zheng Liu; Ping Wang. Sustainable Technology Innovation Path Recognition: An Evaluation of Patent Risk of International Trade. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5002 .
AMA StyleBen Zhang, Lei Ma, Zheng Liu, Ping Wang. Sustainable Technology Innovation Path Recognition: An Evaluation of Patent Risk of International Trade. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (18):5002.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBen Zhang; Lei Ma; Zheng Liu; Ping Wang. 2019. "Sustainable Technology Innovation Path Recognition: An Evaluation of Patent Risk of International Trade." Sustainability 11, no. 18: 5002.
Xiang Yu; Ben Zhang. Obtaining advantages from technology revolution: A patent roadmap for competition analysis and strategy planning. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 2019, 145, 273 -283.
AMA StyleXiang Yu, Ben Zhang. Obtaining advantages from technology revolution: A patent roadmap for competition analysis and strategy planning. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2019; 145 ():273-283.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiang Yu; Ben Zhang. 2019. "Obtaining advantages from technology revolution: A patent roadmap for competition analysis and strategy planning." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 145, no. : 273-283.
Technology transfer has become a vital pipeline for acquiring external knowledge. In this study, we propose new evidence on Chinese knowledge flows at a provincial scale based on patent licensing data at the China National Intellectual Property Administration, involving 31 Chinese provinces and all foreign entities. For temporal features, licensing frequencies, the type of patent licensors, the distribution and transfer speed by technical fields were first present. Then, topological structures and centrality rankings, spatial evolution and reciprocity, and blockmodeling were performed in sequence for network analysis. The major findings are: (1) foreign technology played an important role in China and is still an important knowledge source; (2) individuals and enterprises dominate the technology output, and the role of universities and research institutes as innovation engines has not been fully realized; (3) the technical fields of performing, operations, and transporting have extremely active market performance and are favored by market players; (4) patent licensing networks present clear small-world phenomenon, and there is a conspicuous regional hierarchical structure for patent-expanding capabilities in various provinces; (5) an integrally compact, locally dispersed, and multi-core structure centered on Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Beijing is being formed in the networks; (6) three blocks that play different roles in the patent licensing network are distinguished: source, absorber and beginner. This paper provides important implications for considering the impacts of technology transfer policies implemented so far, and can be useful for making evidence-based policies to establish a more effective national technology transfer system.
Wei Yang; Xiang Yu; Dian Wang; Jinrui Yang; Ben Zhang. Spatio-temporal evolution of technology flows in China: patent licensing networks 2000–2017. The Journal of Technology Transfer 2019, 1 -30.
AMA StyleWei Yang, Xiang Yu, Dian Wang, Jinrui Yang, Ben Zhang. Spatio-temporal evolution of technology flows in China: patent licensing networks 2000–2017. The Journal of Technology Transfer. 2019; ():1-30.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei Yang; Xiang Yu; Dian Wang; Jinrui Yang; Ben Zhang. 2019. "Spatio-temporal evolution of technology flows in China: patent licensing networks 2000–2017." The Journal of Technology Transfer , no. : 1-30.
The patent classification plays an important role in the patent examination and the patent search. In this research, the most important task of this research is to analyze for the relationship between Co-operation Patent Classification (CPC) and International Patent Classification (IPC).
Ben Zhang; Xiang Yu. The SWOT analysis for Co-Operation Patent Classification and its development strategy. 2016 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) 2016, 1466 -1469.
AMA StyleBen Zhang, Xiang Yu. The SWOT analysis for Co-Operation Patent Classification and its development strategy. 2016 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET). 2016; ():1466-1469.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBen Zhang; Xiang Yu. 2016. "The SWOT analysis for Co-Operation Patent Classification and its development strategy." 2016 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) , no. : 1466-1469.