Has acute respiratory infection (either with difficulty in breathing, sore throat, or dry cough) with or without fever AND

The purpose of exploring protein interactions between human adenovirus and heat shock protein 70 is to exploit a potentially synergistic interaction to enhance anti-tumoral efficacy and decrease toxicity in cancer treatment. However, the protein interaction of Hsp70 with E1A32 kDa of human adenovirus serotype 5 remains to be elucidated. In this study, two residues of ATPase domain of human heat shock 70 kDa protein 1 (PDB: 1 HJO) were mutated. 3D mutant models (K71L and T204V) using PyMol software were then constructed. The structures were evaluated by PROCHECK, ProQ, ERRAT, Verify 3D and ProSA modules. All evidence suggests that all protein models are acceptable and of good quality. The E1A32 kDa motif was retrieved from UniProt (P03255), as well as subjected to docking interaction with NBD, K71L and T204V, using the Autodock 4.2 program. The best lowest binding energy value of −9.09 kcal/mol was selected for novel T204V. Moreover, the protein-ligand complex structures were validated by RMSD, RMSF, hydrogen bonds and salt bridge analysis. This revealed that the T204V-E1A32 kDa motif complex was the most stable among all three complex structures. This study provides information about the interaction between Hsp70 and the E1A32 kDa motif, which emphasizes future perspectives to design rational drugs and vaccines in cancer therapy.

Introduction: cancer is one of the top three most commonly occurring cancer worldwide with more than 1.8 million cases in 2018. In Malaysia, cancer is the most common cancer in males and the second most common cancer in females. Albeit being the second most common form of cancer in Malaysia, there is a lack of informal or structured national cancer screening program in Malaysia and it remains a low priority in healthcare planning and expenditure. The risk of developing colon cancer is greatly influenced by factors such as lifestyle habits, genetic inheritance, diet, weight, and exercise. KRAS, the most frequently mutated oncogene in cancer, occurs in about 50 percent of cancers. This study maps the KRAS gene involved in colon cancer pathway using applications such as STRING version 11.0 and version 3.7.0 to provide a clear visualization of all the related and involved proteins and genes that interact with KRAS gene in the pathway. Methods: Using KRAS as a seed, a protein-protein interaction network was constructed with 3391 interactions which were retrieved from the STRING version 11.0 database. The protein network interaction was further grouped into 6 clusters using the MCODE application. Molecular function and biological processes of the genes involved in the KRAS protein network were determined using Biological Networks Gene Ontology (BiNGO). Results: According to the resulting protein-protein network interaction map, it revealed that KRAS mechanism and co-expressed genes interconnected with protein or enzyme binding, receptor signaling protein activity and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2 binding. Conclusion: Understanding these protein-protein interactions provide insight into cellular activities and thus aid in the understanding of the cause of disease.

The global demand for safe drinking water become increasingly important in the past few years due to the growing world population, civilization and increase the sources of contaminations. Millions of peoples every year suffer from different waterborne disease, which may include microbial or disinfectant related diseases. This review, presents an overview on drinking water and their health impact from different aspects, going through different types of physical, chemical, and biological contaminants and their potential effect on human body upon the consumption of their contaminated water. The review also furtherly discusses drinking water treatment techniques such as chlorination, ultraviolet radiation treatment, chlorination, ozonation, heating, and ultra-filtration and the efficiency of these techniques to eliminate different water microorganisms. Drinking waterborne diseases of bacteria, viruses, parasitic protozoa and even some fungi have been also discussed. Finally, health precaution regarding drinking water in term of monitoring of different indicators as well as following the hygienic behaviors was covered to ensure the sustainability and safety of water consumption.

Background There is a major public health challenge threatening the world with the rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in December 2019 from Wuhan, China. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding COVID-19 and its transmission, causes and prevention among people living in Malaysia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among people living in Malaysia by using an online survey in March and April 2020. Results Out of 520 respondents, the mean age was 36.9 ± 14.9, between 19 and 67 years with the majority being female. Most respondents had good knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 with mean ± sd 18.2 ± 1.7, 5.2 ± 1.1 and 4.1 ± 1.4, respectively. In addition, the majority had good knowledge regarding cause, mode of transmission, signs and symptoms, prevention and treatment and quarantine measures after answering 21 questions. Conclusion To date, there is no specific treatment or vaccine for COVID-19, thus staying at home is the best preventive measure to curb the further growth of positive cases in the country. These findings could provide an insight in designing effective preparedness for future pandemic outbreaks.

Objective: In this study, three-dimensional (3D) structures of lung cancer cell line proteins (cellular tumor antigen [p53], caspase 3, and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1) were generated, and their binding affinities with apigenin through local docking were studied.Methods: The lung cancer cell line proteins were built using Swiss model and visualized by the PyMol software. The physicochemical characterization of the protein models was evaluated by Expasy’s ProtParam Proteomics server. Then, they were validated by PROCHECK, ProQ, ERRAT, and Verify 3D programs. Finally, the protein models were docked with apigenin using BSP-Slim server.Results: All the protein models were acceptable and of good quality. The apigenin showed the binding energy with cellular tumor antigen (p53), caspase 3, and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 at −4.611, −5.750, and −5.307 kcal/mol, respectively.Conclusion: The caspase 3 had the strongest bond with apigenin. These potential drug candidates can further be validated in laboratory experiments for its proper function.