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The uncontrolled disposal of olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) is hazardous for the health of water and soil, since this wastewater shows low pH and high contents of organic matter and polyphenols (PP). Lagooning is one of the most common treatment systems for agro-industrial wastewater (such as OMW), due to its low cost and easy management. Aeration allows reducing the low depuration time, which is a constraint for this system. Despite this potential feasibility, literature about OMW lagooning is not abundant. Moreover, the effects of the aeration rates, concentration of polyphenols and nitrogen shortage on depuration performance of lagoons treating OMW have not been properly explored. This study analyzes the removal rates of COD and PP, and variations of pH in OMW treated in aerated tanks at the laboratory scale simulating lagooning systems. Compared to the non-aerated tanks, aeration of OMW increased the removal rates from 61% to 90% (for COD) and from 52% to 64% (for PP). Permanent aeration was more advisable compared to intermittent flow rates. Increasing concentrations of PP noticeably reduced the COD removal rates, which were halved at a 4-fold PP concentration. In contrast, the PP removal rate was constant at every concentration experimented. Compared to the COD:N value suggested by literature for aerobic processes (100:5), a shortage in nitrogen availability reduced both COD (by about 20–25%) and PP removal rates (by 25%), the latter only when COD:N was higher 400:5. The pH was less influenced by the variations in aeration rates, PP concentration and COD:N ratio compared to COD and PP removal. This investigation provides indications about the most suitable operation parameters (airflow rates, inhibiting PP concentration, and optimal COD:N) in aerated lagooning of OMW towards environmentally sound treatments of highly polluting wastewater.
Serafina Andiloro; Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Adele Folino; Demetrio Zema; Santo Zimbone. Depuration Performance of Aerated Tanks Simulating Lagoons to Treat Olive Oil Mill Wastewater under Different Airflow Rates, and Concentrations of Polyphenols and Nitrogen. Environments 2021, 8, 70 .
AMA StyleSerafina Andiloro, Giuseppe Bombino, Pietro Denisi, Adele Folino, Demetrio Zema, Santo Zimbone. Depuration Performance of Aerated Tanks Simulating Lagoons to Treat Olive Oil Mill Wastewater under Different Airflow Rates, and Concentrations of Polyphenols and Nitrogen. Environments. 2021; 8 (8):70.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSerafina Andiloro; Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Adele Folino; Demetrio Zema; Santo Zimbone. 2021. "Depuration Performance of Aerated Tanks Simulating Lagoons to Treat Olive Oil Mill Wastewater under Different Airflow Rates, and Concentrations of Polyphenols and Nitrogen." Environments 8, no. 8: 70.
Prescribed fire is commonly used to reduce the wildfire risk in Mediterranean forests, but the soil’s hydrological response after fire is contrasting in literature experiences. The mulch treatment can limit the increases in runoff and erosion in the short term after a fire. The use of fern is preferable to straw, due its large availability in forests. However, no experiences of post-fire treatment with fern mulch have been found in the literature and therefore the mulching effectiveness has not been evaluated. This study has measured water infiltration rate (IR) and water repellency (SWR) using a rainfall simulator in three Mediterranean forest stands (pine, oak and chestnut) of Calabria (Southern Italy) after a prescribed fire and mulching treatment with fern in comparison to unburned soil. Prescribed fire reduced water infiltration in all forests in the short term compared to the unburned conditions, and increased SWR in pine and oak forests. These reductions in IR in the time window of disturbance after fire increased the runoff generation capacity in all soils, but had a lower effect on peak flows. However, soil mulching with fern limited the runoff rates and peak flows compared to the burned soils, but this treatment was less effective in pine forest. One year after fire, IR increased in burned soils (treated or not) over time, and SWR disappeared. The effects of mulching have disappeared after some months from fire. The study confirms the usefulness of mulching in broadleaves forest in the short term, in order to control the hydrological effects of prescribed fire in Mediterranean forests. Both post-fire management techniques should be instead adopted with caution in conifer forests.
Bruno Carrà; Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Pedro Plaza-Àlvarez; Manuel Lucas-Borja; Demetrio Zema. Water Infiltration after Prescribed Fire and Soil Mulching with Fern in Mediterranean Forests. Hydrology 2021, 8, 95 .
AMA StyleBruno Carrà, Giuseppe Bombino, Pietro Denisi, Pedro Plaza-Àlvarez, Manuel Lucas-Borja, Demetrio Zema. Water Infiltration after Prescribed Fire and Soil Mulching with Fern in Mediterranean Forests. Hydrology. 2021; 8 (3):95.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBruno Carrà; Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Pedro Plaza-Àlvarez; Manuel Lucas-Borja; Demetrio Zema. 2021. "Water Infiltration after Prescribed Fire and Soil Mulching with Fern in Mediterranean Forests." Hydrology 8, no. 3: 95.
The evaluation of vegetation cover after post-fire treatments of burned lands is important for forest managers to restore soil quality and plant biodiversity in burned ecosystems. Unfortunately, this evaluation may be time consuming and expensive, requiring much fieldwork for surveys. The use of remote sensing, which makes these evaluation activities quicker and easier, have rarely been carried out in the Mediterranean forests, subjected to wildfire and post-fire stabilization techniques. To fill this gap, this study evaluates the feasibility of satellite (using LANDSAT8 images) and drone surveys to evaluate changes in vegetation cover and composition after wildfire and two hillslope stabilization treatments (log erosion barriers, LEBs, and contour-felled log debris, CFDs) in a forest of Central Eastern Spain. Surveys by drone were able to detect the variability of vegetation cover among burned and unburned areas through the Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index (VARI), but gave unrealistic results when the effectiveness of a post-fire treatment must be evaluated. LANDSAT8 images may be instead misleading to evaluate the changes in land cover after wildfire and post-fire treatments, due to the lack of correlation between VARI and vegetation cover. The spatial analysis has shown that: (i) the post-fire restoration strategy of landscape managers that have prioritized steeper slopes for treatments was successful; (ii) vegetation growth, at least in the experimental conditions, played a limited influence on soil surface conditions, since no significant increases in terrain roughness were detected in treated areas.
Jose Martinez; Manuel Lucas-Borja; Pedro Plaza-Alvarez; Pietro Denisi; Miguel Moreno; David Hernández; Javier González-Romero; Demetrio Zema. Comparison of Satellite and Drone-Based Images at Two Spatial Scales to Evaluate Vegetation Regeneration after Post-Fire Treatments in a Mediterranean Forest. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 5423 .
AMA StyleJose Martinez, Manuel Lucas-Borja, Pedro Plaza-Alvarez, Pietro Denisi, Miguel Moreno, David Hernández, Javier González-Romero, Demetrio Zema. Comparison of Satellite and Drone-Based Images at Two Spatial Scales to Evaluate Vegetation Regeneration after Post-Fire Treatments in a Mediterranean Forest. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (12):5423.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJose Martinez; Manuel Lucas-Borja; Pedro Plaza-Alvarez; Pietro Denisi; Miguel Moreno; David Hernández; Javier González-Romero; Demetrio Zema. 2021. "Comparison of Satellite and Drone-Based Images at Two Spatial Scales to Evaluate Vegetation Regeneration after Post-Fire Treatments in a Mediterranean Forest." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12: 5423.
This study has evaluated the runoff and erosion rates in torrents of Southern Italy, two forested headwaters with very similar climatic, hydrological and geomorphological characteristics; in one headwater, 15 check dams were installed in the mid-1950s, while the other is not regulated with engineering works. To this aim, the hydrological variables have been modeled over 15 years after check dam installation using the HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System) model coupled to the MUSLE (Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation) equation. The model simulations have shown that check dams have not played a significant role in reducing the surface runoff compared to the unregulated torrent; in both catchments, the well-developed forest cover determined very low runoff coefficients (lower than 0.3%) with a scarce runoff generation capacity. Additionally, the reduction in peak flow due to the check dams was not significant, on average −7.4% compared to the unregulated headwater. Check dams have retained sediments for about 8–10 years after their installation, reducing erosion by about 35%, although soil loss was much lower than the tolerance limit in both catchments. After the sediment retention capacity of the dam sediment wedge was depleted, the sediment yield in the regulated torrent was even higher (by about 20%) compared to the unregulated catchment. Overall, the study has shown that the use of check dams as a catchment management strategy of forested headwaters under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions should be considered with caution, since the structures could be ineffective to reduce water and sediment flows during floods or, in some cases, check dams may increase erosion rates.
Giuseppe Bombino; Pedro Pérez-Cutillas; Daniela D’Agostino; Pietro Denisi; Antonino Labate; Alberto Martínez-Salvador; Demetrio Zema; Santo Zimbone; Carmelo Conesa-García. Comparing the Hydrological Response of Forested Headwaters (Unregulated and Regulated with Check Dams) under Mediterranean Semi-Arid Conditions. Water 2021, 13, 1275 .
AMA StyleGiuseppe Bombino, Pedro Pérez-Cutillas, Daniela D’Agostino, Pietro Denisi, Antonino Labate, Alberto Martínez-Salvador, Demetrio Zema, Santo Zimbone, Carmelo Conesa-García. Comparing the Hydrological Response of Forested Headwaters (Unregulated and Regulated with Check Dams) under Mediterranean Semi-Arid Conditions. Water. 2021; 13 (9):1275.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiuseppe Bombino; Pedro Pérez-Cutillas; Daniela D’Agostino; Pietro Denisi; Antonino Labate; Alberto Martínez-Salvador; Demetrio Zema; Santo Zimbone; Carmelo Conesa-García. 2021. "Comparing the Hydrological Response of Forested Headwaters (Unregulated and Regulated with Check Dams) under Mediterranean Semi-Arid Conditions." Water 13, no. 9: 1275.
The use of the Soil Conservation Service-curve number (SCS-CN) model for runoff predictions after rainstorms in fire-affected forests in the Mediterranean climate is quite scarce and limited to the watershed scale. To validate the applicability of this model in this environment, this study has evaluated the runoff prediction capacity of the SCS-CN model after storms at the plot scale in two pine forests of Central-Eastern Spain, affected by wildfire (with or without straw mulching) or prescribed fire and in unburned soils. The model performance has been compared to the predictions of linear regression equations between rainfall depth and runoff volume. The runoff volume was simulated with reliability by the linear regression only for the unburned soil (coefficient of Nash and Sutcliffe E = 0.73–0.89). Conversely, the SCS-CN model was more accurate for burned soils (E = 0.81–0.97), also when mulching was applied (E = 0.96). The performance of this model was very satisfactory in predicting the maximum runoff. Very low values of CNs and initial abstraction were required to predict the particular hydrology of the experimental areas. Moreover, the post-fire hydrological “window-of-disturbance” could be reproduced only by increasing the CN for the storms immediately after the wildfire. This study indicates that, in Mediterranean forests subject to the fire risk, the simple linear equations are feasible to predict runoff after low-intensity storms, while the SCS-CN model is advisable when runoff predictions are needed to control the flooding risk.
Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja; Giuseppe Bombino; Bruno Gianmarco Carrà; Daniela D’Agostino; Pietro Denisi; Antonino Labate; Pedro Antonio Plaza-Alvarez; Demetrio Antonio Zema. Modeling the Soil Response to Rainstorms after Wildfire and Prescribed Fire in Mediterranean Forests. Climate 2020, 8, 150 .
AMA StyleManuel Esteban Lucas-Borja, Giuseppe Bombino, Bruno Gianmarco Carrà, Daniela D’Agostino, Pietro Denisi, Antonino Labate, Pedro Antonio Plaza-Alvarez, Demetrio Antonio Zema. Modeling the Soil Response to Rainstorms after Wildfire and Prescribed Fire in Mediterranean Forests. Climate. 2020; 8 (12):150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuel Esteban Lucas-Borja; Giuseppe Bombino; Bruno Gianmarco Carrà; Daniela D’Agostino; Pietro Denisi; Antonino Labate; Pedro Antonio Plaza-Alvarez; Demetrio Antonio Zema. 2020. "Modeling the Soil Response to Rainstorms after Wildfire and Prescribed Fire in Mediterranean Forests." Climate 8, no. 12: 150.
No-tillage and soil mulching with pruning residues, applied in olive groves of the semi-arid Mediterranean environment, as erosion control practices still practice not fully studied. This study has evaluated the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), surface runoff (SR) and soil erosion (SL) under rainfall at plot scale throughout two years in four different management practices, total soil cover with a net (SP), mechanical tillage (MT) and mulching by vegetal residues at 3,5·103 and 17,5·103 kg ha−1 of dry matter (NTR350 and NTR1750), in an olive grove of Southern Italy. Ksat varied between 1.6 (MT) and 25.1 (NTR1750) mm/h. A clear reduction in runoff and soil losses was detected for the mulch-based practices when compared to MT, from 20 to 32% in the runoff coefficient and 75–80% in SL, with higher reductions in the NTR1750. This reduction in SL can be mainly explained by the reduction in SR and rain-splash, interrill and rill erosion, due to protection by mulch residues, which increased the vegetal cover and organic matter content of mulched plots. The vegetal cover was on average higher in SP (33%), NTR1750 (25%) and NTR350 (22%), and lower in MT (12%). The mean organic matter content of soil was 2.01%, 1.69%,1.34% and 0.82% for NTR1750, NTR350, SP and MT respectively. Overall, the results quantify the impact of soil mulching with pruning residues at different doses, which will provide guidelines to control and mitigate the hydrological response of clayey and steep soils in Mediterranean olive groves, analysing the associated environmental and economic benefits.
Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; José Alfonso Gómez; Demetrio Antonio Zema. Mulching as best management practice to reduce surface runoff and erosion in steep clayey olive groves. International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020, 9, 26 -36.
AMA StyleGiuseppe Bombino, Pietro Denisi, José Alfonso Gómez, Demetrio Antonio Zema. Mulching as best management practice to reduce surface runoff and erosion in steep clayey olive groves. International Soil and Water Conservation Research. 2020; 9 (1):26-36.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; José Alfonso Gómez; Demetrio Antonio Zema. 2020. "Mulching as best management practice to reduce surface runoff and erosion in steep clayey olive groves." International Soil and Water Conservation Research 9, no. 1: 26-36.
Atopic dermatitis is associated with a susceptibility to infection usually by Staphylococcus spp due to a decrease of AMPs and Th2 cytokines (eg, IL‐17). We reported a rare E. faecalis skin contamination in AD patients due to a frequent contact with excrement.
Giovanna Malara; Caterina Trifirò; Annunziata Bartolotta; Marco Conte; Pietro Denisi. A rare skin infection in atopic dermatitis: A case report. Clinical Case Reports 2020, 8, 2945 -2947.
AMA StyleGiovanna Malara, Caterina Trifirò, Annunziata Bartolotta, Marco Conte, Pietro Denisi. A rare skin infection in atopic dermatitis: A case report. Clinical Case Reports. 2020; 8 (12):2945-2947.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Malara; Caterina Trifirò; Annunziata Bartolotta; Marco Conte; Pietro Denisi. 2020. "A rare skin infection in atopic dermatitis: A case report." Clinical Case Reports 8, no. 12: 2945-2947.
The importance of sediment connectivity for watershed management needs accurate quantification tools, particularly in Mediterranean torrents, where soil erosion and sediment transport are often not tolerable. This study proposes a modified version (mCCI) of the Catchment Connectivity Index (CCI), theorized by Quiñonero‐Rubio, Boix‐Fayos, and de Vente (2013). The modified index improves the calculation procedure, providing a more efficient description of the hydrological and geomorphological factors of CCI and making easier its applicability for the operators with less field experience. The mCCI is applied to evaluate the sediment connectivity at the catchment scale in a torrent of Calabria (Southern Italy). This case study has shown how and by what extent the natural (climate changes) and human impacts (land‐use changes and check dam installation) have influenced the geomorphic processes influencing sediment circulation in the studied basin throughout six decades. From 1955 to 2012, a general decrease in sediment connectivity has been caught by mCCI. This was the combined effects of greening‐up processes of the catchment (due to both natural afforestation and human‐induced reforestation) and the installation of check dams, which have decreased the catchment potential to circulating sediments. Overall, the mCCI can be used as an analytical tool to evaluate the influence of past or future changes in natural and human‐induced changes in land use and climate actions by comparing scenarios of torrent connectivity.
Giuseppe Bombino; Carolina Boix‐Fayos; Maria Francesca Cataldo; Daniela D'agostino; Pietro Denisi; Joris De Vente; Antonino Labate; Demetrio Antonio Zema. A modified Catchment Connectivity Index for applications in semi‐arid torrents of the Mediterranean environment. River Research and Applications 2020, 36, 735 -748.
AMA StyleGiuseppe Bombino, Carolina Boix‐Fayos, Maria Francesca Cataldo, Daniela D'agostino, Pietro Denisi, Joris De Vente, Antonino Labate, Demetrio Antonio Zema. A modified Catchment Connectivity Index for applications in semi‐arid torrents of the Mediterranean environment. River Research and Applications. 2020; 36 (5):735-748.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiuseppe Bombino; Carolina Boix‐Fayos; Maria Francesca Cataldo; Daniela D'agostino; Pietro Denisi; Joris De Vente; Antonino Labate; Demetrio Antonio Zema. 2020. "A modified Catchment Connectivity Index for applications in semi‐arid torrents of the Mediterranean environment." River Research and Applications 36, no. 5: 735-748.
In small mountain catchments of the Mediterranean basin, heavy and intense rainfalls produce frequent flash floods that can cause economic damage and even fatalities in the often densely populated valley areas. To reduce future damage of such events, the application of mitigation strategies aimed at hydrological control and disaster risk reduction is essential. However, to reach this goal, flash flood frequency and magnitude need to be characterized in space and time. This task is highly challenging in areas where existing records are either lacking, short or highly incomplete. In poorly or completely ungauged catchments, tree-ring based flash flood reconstruction has proven useful to overcome this limitation and is now considered a valuable, alternative approach to extend flow records back in time. Tree-ring based reconstructions of past flash floods have been employed widely in many different geographic contexts worldwide, but were less frequently used in Mediterranean torrents, and not at all in Southern Italy so far. Here, we present a regional flash flood reconstruction from five poorly gauged mountain catchments in Calabria (southern Italy) to reconstruct both the timing and the magnitude of five extreme flash flood events of the last 60 years. We show that the return periods of these events ranged between 5 and 30 years based on hydraulic (Manning’s equation) and hydrological (rational formula) approaches. Validation of the reconstructed discharge values was done by using direct water depth measurements (obtained from a gauging station). Our results suggest that the combination of different methods allows a reliable reconstruction of extreme hydrological events by easy-to-survey parameters in ungauged torrents of Mediterranean environments. We also demonstrate that tree-ring approaches have the potential to be applied in ungauged (or poorly gauged) Mediterranean mountain catchments as well so as to improve records of the frequency and magnitude of past flash flood activity.
Juan Antonio Ballesteros-Canovas; Giuseppe Bombino; Daniela D'Agostino; Pietro Denisi; Antonino Labate; Markus Stoffel; Demetrio Antonio Zema; Santo Marcello Zimbone. Tree-ring based, regional-scale reconstruction of flash floods in Mediterranean mountain torrents. CATENA 2020, 189, 104481 .
AMA StyleJuan Antonio Ballesteros-Canovas, Giuseppe Bombino, Daniela D'Agostino, Pietro Denisi, Antonino Labate, Markus Stoffel, Demetrio Antonio Zema, Santo Marcello Zimbone. Tree-ring based, regional-scale reconstruction of flash floods in Mediterranean mountain torrents. CATENA. 2020; 189 ():104481.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Antonio Ballesteros-Canovas; Giuseppe Bombino; Daniela D'Agostino; Pietro Denisi; Antonino Labate; Markus Stoffel; Demetrio Antonio Zema; Santo Marcello Zimbone. 2020. "Tree-ring based, regional-scale reconstruction of flash floods in Mediterranean mountain torrents." CATENA 189, no. : 104481.
When olive groves are cultivated on clayey soils with steep gradients, as in many Mediterranean areas, reducing the runoff and soil erosion rates by adopting proper soil management practices is imperative. A soil cover by pruning residues may represent an alternative to the commonly adopted mechanical tillage. This study evaluates the water infiltration rates and surface runoff volumes in a steep and clayey olive grove of Southern Italy. These hydrological variables are measured at the plot scale under four soil management practices (mechanical tillage, total artificial protection of soil and soil cover with two different rates of vegetal residues). The measurements have been carried out using a rainfall simulator under dry (undisturbed) and wet (that is, on soils disturbed by intense rainfall) conditions. The mechanical tillage leads to lower water infiltration rates and higher runoff production. The retention of a soil cover by vegetal residues (in the range 3.5–17.5 tons/ha of dry matter) reduces the runoff rate on average by 30%, mainly because of the increased soil infiltration rates (over 100%, compared to mechanical tillage). After soil disturbance due to antecedent rainfall, the runoff generation capacity of a soil disturbed by a heavy precipitation significantly increased compared to undisturbed soils because of the decrease in soil infiltration rates. Overall, the retention of vegetal residues over the soil may be advisable to reduce surface runoff generation rates, particularly for saturated soils.
Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Josè Alfonso Gómez; Demetrio Antonio Zema. Water Infiltration and Surface Runoff in Steep Clayey Soils of Olive Groves under Different Management Practices. Water 2019, 11, 240 .
AMA StyleGiuseppe Bombino, Pietro Denisi, Josè Alfonso Gómez, Demetrio Antonio Zema. Water Infiltration and Surface Runoff in Steep Clayey Soils of Olive Groves under Different Management Practices. Water. 2019; 11 (2):240.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Josè Alfonso Gómez; Demetrio Antonio Zema. 2019. "Water Infiltration and Surface Runoff in Steep Clayey Soils of Olive Groves under Different Management Practices." Water 11, no. 2: 240.
In mountain streams possible negative impacts of check dams on soil, water and riparian vegetation due to check dam installation can be noticed. In spite of the ample literature on the qualitative effects of engineering works on channel hydrology, morphology, sedimentary effects and riparian vegetation characteristics, quantitative evaluations of the changes induced by check dams on headwater characteristics are rare. In order to fill this gap, this study has evaluated the effects of check dams located in headwaters of Calabria (Southern Italy) on hydrological and geomorphological processes and on the response of riparian vegetation to these actions. The analysis has compared physical and vegetation indicators in transects identified around check dams (upstream and downstream) and far from their direct influence (control transects). Check dams were found to influence significantly unit discharge, surface and subsurface sediments (both upstream and downstream), channel shape and transverse distribution of riparian vegetation (upstream) as well as cover and structure of riparian complexes (downstream). The actions of the structures on torrent longitudinal slope and biodiversity of vegetation were less significant. The differences on bed profile slope were significant only between upstream and downstream transects. The results of the Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster analysis confirmed the substantial similarity between upstream and control transects, thus highlighting that the construction of check dams, needed to mitigate the hydro-geological risks, has not strongly influenced the torrent functioning and ecology before check dam construction. Moreover, simple and quantitative linkages between torrent hydraulics, geomorphology and vegetation characteristics exist in the analysed headwaters; these relationships among physical adjustments of channels and most of the resulting characteristics of the riparian vegetation are specific for the transect locations with respect of check dams. Conversely, the biodiversity of the riparian vegetation basically eludes any quantitative relations with the physical and other vegetal characteristics of the torrent transects.
Demetrio Antonio Zema; Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja; Santo Marcello Zimbone. Evaluating the effects of check dams on channel geometry, bed sediment size and riparian vegetation in Mediterranean mountain torrents. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 642, 327 -340.
AMA StyleDemetrio Antonio Zema, Giuseppe Bombino, Pietro Denisi, Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja, Santo Marcello Zimbone. Evaluating the effects of check dams on channel geometry, bed sediment size and riparian vegetation in Mediterranean mountain torrents. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 642 ():327-340.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDemetrio Antonio Zema; Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja; Santo Marcello Zimbone. 2018. "Evaluating the effects of check dams on channel geometry, bed sediment size and riparian vegetation in Mediterranean mountain torrents." Science of The Total Environment 642, no. : 327-340.
Given the intrinsic hydrological cycle made of large input of water vapour and intense precipitation producing large volumes of water and sediment, modelling runoff and water losses in humid tropical watersheds is important for forest and water resources management. For instance, reliable simulations of the water cycle in such environments are a prerequisite for predictions of water quality, soil erosion and the climate change effects on water resources. The distributed parameter, physically based, continuous simulation, daily time step AnnAGNPS model, was implemented in almost completely forested (98% of its area, 0.56 km2) Cunha watershed (Brazil) to assess its capability to simulate hydrological processes under tropical conditions. The simulated surface runoff was compared to 4-year observations with statistical indices on several time scales. The model, running with default CN of forest, showed poor predictions of runoff. After increasing CN from 63 to 72 by calibration, the runoff prediction capability of AnnAGNPS was satisfactory on annual, seasonal and monthly scales, while daily runoff predictions were less accurate. Modelling water losses at event scale showed that the effect of forest vegetation on water retention during a single precipitation was more limited than for longer periods (months, seasons and years), since evapo-transpiration and interception account for small shares (>20%) of total precipitation. This study demonstrated that the AnnAGNPS model has reliable runoff prediction capacity in tropical forest watersheds at the annual and seasonal scales (E > 0.73), whereas daily runoff simulations are less accurate (E = 0.44). The use of this model may prove an important tool for water resource and territory management in tropical rainforests.
Demetrio Antonio Zema; Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja; Bruno Gianmarco Carrà; Pietro Denisi; Valdemir Antonio Rodrigues; Maurício Ranzini; Francisco Carlos Soriano Arcova; Valdir De Cicco; Santo Marcello Zimbone. Simulating the hydrological response of a small tropical forest watershed (Mata Atlantica, Brazil) by the AnnAGNPS model. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 636, 737 -750.
AMA StyleDemetrio Antonio Zema, Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja, Bruno Gianmarco Carrà, Pietro Denisi, Valdemir Antonio Rodrigues, Maurício Ranzini, Francisco Carlos Soriano Arcova, Valdir De Cicco, Santo Marcello Zimbone. Simulating the hydrological response of a small tropical forest watershed (Mata Atlantica, Brazil) by the AnnAGNPS model. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 636 ():737-750.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDemetrio Antonio Zema; Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja; Bruno Gianmarco Carrà; Pietro Denisi; Valdemir Antonio Rodrigues; Maurício Ranzini; Francisco Carlos Soriano Arcova; Valdir De Cicco; Santo Marcello Zimbone. 2018. "Simulating the hydrological response of a small tropical forest watershed (Mata Atlantica, Brazil) by the AnnAGNPS model." Science of The Total Environment 636, no. : 737-750.
In Mediterranean semi‐arid conditions, the availability of studies monitoring channel adjustments as a response to reforestation and check dams over representative observation periods, could help develop new management strategies. This investigation is an integrated approach assessing the adjustments of channel morphology in a typical torrent of southern Italy after land‐use changes and check dam construction across a period of about 60 years. A statistical analysis of historical rainfall records, an analysis of land‐use changes in the catchment area and a geomorphological mapping of channel adjustments were carried out and combined with field surveys of bed surface grain‐size over a 5‐km reach including 14 check dams. The analysis of the historical rainfall records showed a slight decrease in the amount and erosivity of precipitation. Mapping of land‐use changes highlighted a general increase of vegetal coverage on the slopes adjacent to the monitored reaches. Together with the check dam network installation, this increase could have induced a reduction in water and sediment supply. The different erosional and depositional forms and adjustments showed a general narrowing between consecutive check dams together with local modifications detected upstream (bed aggradation and cross‐section expansion together with low‐flow realignments) and downstream (local incision) of the installed check dams. Changes in the torrent bends were also detected as a response to erosional and depositional processes with different intensities. The study highlighted: the efficiency of check dams against the disrupting power of intense floods by stabilizing the active channel and the influence of reforestation in increasing hillslope protection from erosion and disconnectivity of water and sediment flows towards the active channel. Only slight management interventions (for instance, the conversion of the existing check dams into open structures) are suggested, in order to mobilize the residual sediment avoiding further generalized incision of the active channel and coast line erosion. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diego Fortugno; Carolina Boix-Fayos; Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Juan Manuel Quiñonero Rubio; Vincenzo Tamburino; Demetrio Antonio Zema. Adjustments in channel morphology due to land-use changes and check dam installation in mountain torrents of Calabria (southern Italy). Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 2017, 42, 2469 -2483.
AMA StyleDiego Fortugno, Carolina Boix-Fayos, Giuseppe Bombino, Pietro Denisi, Juan Manuel Quiñonero Rubio, Vincenzo Tamburino, Demetrio Antonio Zema. Adjustments in channel morphology due to land-use changes and check dam installation in mountain torrents of Calabria (southern Italy). Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. 2017; 42 (14):2469-2483.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Fortugno; Carolina Boix-Fayos; Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Juan Manuel Quiñonero Rubio; Vincenzo Tamburino; Demetrio Antonio Zema. 2017. "Adjustments in channel morphology due to land-use changes and check dam installation in mountain torrents of Calabria (southern Italy)." Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 42, no. 14: 2469-2483.
Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Diego Fortugno; Pasquale A. Marziliano. Hydrogeological Risk and Coastal Protection in the Metropolitan Area of Reggio Calabria: A GIS to Manage Engineering Control Works. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2016, 223, 733 -738.
AMA StyleGiuseppe Bombino, Pietro Denisi, Diego Fortugno, Pasquale A. Marziliano. Hydrogeological Risk and Coastal Protection in the Metropolitan Area of Reggio Calabria: A GIS to Manage Engineering Control Works. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2016; 223 ():733-738.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Diego Fortugno; Pasquale A. Marziliano. 2016. "Hydrogeological Risk and Coastal Protection in the Metropolitan Area of Reggio Calabria: A GIS to Manage Engineering Control Works." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 223, no. : 733-738.
The increased sensitivity for the preservation of the riparian ecosystems equilibrium has guided the attention of researchers and planners towards river restoration interventions, to give a higher naturalness to watercourses. Interventions of ecological river restoration in urbanized areas require specific preliminary studies and surveys on the hydraulic compatibility of materials (both living and nonliving) and works, in order to verify the effects induced by the new fluvial settlements on the hydraulic safety of riverbed reaches and its surroundings. In this work three contexts will be identified: three representative contexts in an urban environment, and, for each of them, possible ecological river restoration interventions will be proposed
Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Celestina Fazia; Diego Fortugno; Francesca Moraci. Proposals for Restoration of Mediterranean Watercourses in Urban Context. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2016, 223, 739 -744.
AMA StyleGiuseppe Bombino, Pietro Denisi, Celestina Fazia, Diego Fortugno, Francesca Moraci. Proposals for Restoration of Mediterranean Watercourses in Urban Context. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2016; 223 ():739-744.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Celestina Fazia; Diego Fortugno; Francesca Moraci. 2016. "Proposals for Restoration of Mediterranean Watercourses in Urban Context." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 223, no. : 739-744.
The distributed parameter and continuous simulation Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source (AnnAGNPS) model was implemented in the watershed Anzur (Spain) covered by olive groves, to assess its prediction capability of surface runoff at the large watershed scale in semi-arid conditions. A 5-year database reporting hydrological, geomorphological and land use characteristics of the watershed allowed model implementation. Almost 180 surface runoff events were modelled by AnnAGNPS and compared with the corresponding observations through statistical indexes and grouping the runoff events in order to evaluate the model at different temporal scales (event, monthly and seasonal). AnnAGNPS evaluation showed that, in general, runoff was estimated by the default model with low accuracy at all the investigated time scales, likely, as a result of a simple representation of spatial variability. Calibration (by reducing initial curve numbers (CN) of the olive groves) provided more accurate and satisfactory predictions of event, monthly and seasonal runoff volumes with a low effort in the parameterisation approach. The best model performance was achieved at the event scale. The runoff prediction reliability may be attributable to the AnnAGNPS inaccuracy in adjusting CN values during the continuous simulation of the soil moisture conditions, because estimations of daily evapotranspiration values are quite realistic. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Peer reviewe
Demetrio Antonio Zema; Pietro Denisi; Encarnación V. Taguas Ruiz; José Alfonso Gómez; Giuseppe Bombino; Diego Fortugno. Evaluation of Surface Runoff Prediction by A nn AGNPS Model in a Large Mediterranean Watershed Covered by Olive Groves. Land Degradation & Development 2015, 27, 811 -822.
AMA StyleDemetrio Antonio Zema, Pietro Denisi, Encarnación V. Taguas Ruiz, José Alfonso Gómez, Giuseppe Bombino, Diego Fortugno. Evaluation of Surface Runoff Prediction by A nn AGNPS Model in a Large Mediterranean Watershed Covered by Olive Groves. Land Degradation & Development. 2015; 27 (3):811-822.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDemetrio Antonio Zema; Pietro Denisi; Encarnación V. Taguas Ruiz; José Alfonso Gómez; Giuseppe Bombino; Diego Fortugno. 2015. "Evaluation of Surface Runoff Prediction by A nn AGNPS Model in a Large Mediterranean Watershed Covered by Olive Groves." Land Degradation & Development 27, no. 3: 811-822.
Water balance models on the monthly scale are commonly used for planning purposes due to the relative simplicity of their parameterization and because monthly data are more readily available than daily data. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of three hydrological models, suitable as hydrological planning tools in rural engineering projects: one multiple linear regression (MLR) and two water balance models (one with daily and the other with a monthly time step, named DWBR and SIMPA, respectively). Runoff in both models are based on the Curve Number approach. The evaluation was conducted on a large olive orchard catchment of 308 km2 using a daily rainfall-runoff dataset of 9 years.
E.V. Taguas; J. A. Gomez; Pietro Denisi; Luciano Mateos. Modelling the Rainfall-Runoff Relationships in a Large Olive Orchard Catchment in Southern Spain. Water Resources Management 2015, 29, 2361 -2375.
AMA StyleE.V. Taguas, J. A. Gomez, Pietro Denisi, Luciano Mateos. Modelling the Rainfall-Runoff Relationships in a Large Olive Orchard Catchment in Southern Spain. Water Resources Management. 2015; 29 (7):2361-2375.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE.V. Taguas; J. A. Gomez; Pietro Denisi; Luciano Mateos. 2015. "Modelling the Rainfall-Runoff Relationships in a Large Olive Orchard Catchment in Southern Spain." Water Resources Management 29, no. 7: 2361-2375.
The AnnAGNPS model, widely utilized as a practical tool for addressing erosion problems and land use planning, was implemented in a small agricultural watershed located in central Belgium, to assess its prediction capacity of runoff, peak flow and sediment yield in humid temperate conditions. Model performance was evaluated at the event scale by using a database reporting hydrological, geomorphologic and land use data collected during a 2‐year period. Seventeen events were modelled and compared with the corresponding observations at the watershed outlet. The model performed well in predicting the largest runoff volumes, as shown by the high values achieved for the coefficients of efficiency (E = 0·89) and determination (r2 = 0·92). However, some events resulted in zero runoff simulation. The prediction capability for peak flow and sediment yield was poor (E = 0·35 and 0·16, respectively). This inaccuracy can have several causes: the internal model deficiencies may be due to the incomplete representation of watershed complex processes, while external problems may be related to the conditions within the modelled watershed and the quality of recorded data. On the whole the AnnAGNPS model may be considered as being suitable to simulate the significant runoff events in the experimental watershed. However, the model may be seen as better suited for comparative assessments of alternative management and policy scenarios and for gross estimation of nutrient loads rather than the precise prediction of a single event, consequently helping in the prediction of land degradation problems in the experimented conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
D.A. Zema; R.L. Bingner; P. Denisi; Gerard Govers; Feliciana Licciardello; S.M. Zimbone. Evaluation of runoff, peak flow and sediment yield for events simulated by the AnnAGNPS model in a belgian agricultural watershed. Land Degradation & Development 2010, 23, 205 -215.
AMA StyleD.A. Zema, R.L. Bingner, P. Denisi, Gerard Govers, Feliciana Licciardello, S.M. Zimbone. Evaluation of runoff, peak flow and sediment yield for events simulated by the AnnAGNPS model in a belgian agricultural watershed. Land Degradation & Development. 2010; 23 (3):205-215.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD.A. Zema; R.L. Bingner; P. Denisi; Gerard Govers; Feliciana Licciardello; S.M. Zimbone. 2010. "Evaluation of runoff, peak flow and sediment yield for events simulated by the AnnAGNPS model in a belgian agricultural watershed." Land Degradation & Development 23, no. 3: 205-215.
Marginal areas of southern Italy are often characterised by steep slopes and scarce vegetal coverage, which induce relevant runoff and soil...
Giuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Diego Fortugno; Vincenzo Tamburino; Demetrio Antonio Zema; Santo Marcello Zimbone. Land spreading of solar-dried citrus peel to control runoff and soil erosion. Waste Management and the Environment V 2010, 140, 145 -154.
AMA StyleGiuseppe Bombino, Pietro Denisi, Diego Fortugno, Vincenzo Tamburino, Demetrio Antonio Zema, Santo Marcello Zimbone. Land spreading of solar-dried citrus peel to control runoff and soil erosion. Waste Management and the Environment V. 2010; 140 ():145-154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiuseppe Bombino; Pietro Denisi; Diego Fortugno; Vincenzo Tamburino; Demetrio Antonio Zema; Santo Marcello Zimbone. 2010. "Land spreading of solar-dried citrus peel to control runoff and soil erosion." Waste Management and the Environment V 140, no. : 145-154.