This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
With global population growth, the security of food, energy, and water is becoming more challenging. Both anaerobic digestion (AD) and composting are biological waste management methods that are plausible approaches to address this challenge by reusing organic waste and generating value-added products. In this chapter, recent research on AD and composting is summarized, and differences in the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of AD and composting are examined. Recent research on AD has focused on process enhancement and valorization of end products, while composting research has emphasized ways to shorten composting period and reduce odor and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. AD can be economically more advantageous than composting, depending on plant scale and valorization of end products. AD may be favored for centralized treatment; whereas, composting may be preferred for decentralized treatment, such as for on-farm animal manure. Environmentally, AD is favorable in terms of lower GHG emissions due to production of biogas as a renewable energy source. In composting, no single aeration scheme or additive has been found to be effective in reducing odor and GHG emissions simultaneously. Further research on AD and composting should be conducted to improve precision control and optimization, process design, product value, pollution control, and economic and environmental analyses, and more information needs to be provided to decision makers.
Long Lin; Fuqing Xu; Xumeng Ge; Yebo Li. Biological treatment of organic materials for energy and nutrients production—Anaerobic digestion and composting. Advances in Bioenergy 2019, 121 -181.
AMA StyleLong Lin, Fuqing Xu, Xumeng Ge, Yebo Li. Biological treatment of organic materials for energy and nutrients production—Anaerobic digestion and composting. Advances in Bioenergy. 2019; ():121-181.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLong Lin; Fuqing Xu; Xumeng Ge; Yebo Li. 2019. "Biological treatment of organic materials for energy and nutrients production—Anaerobic digestion and composting." Advances in Bioenergy , no. : 121-181.
This study compares the effects of pre- and post-hydrothermal treatment of source- separated organics (SSO) on solubilization of particulate organics and acidogenic fermentation for volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production. The overall COD solubilization and solids removal efficiencies from both schemes were comparable. However, the pre-hydrolysis of SSO followed by acidogenic fermentation resulted in a relatively higher VFA yield of 433 mg/g VSS, which was 18% higher than that of a process scheme with a post-hydrolysis of dewatered solids from the fermentation process. Regarding the composition of VFA, the dominance of acetate and butyrate was comparable in both process schemes, while propionate concentration considerably increased in the process with pre-hydrolysis of SSO. The microbial community results showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes increased substantially in the fermentation of pretreated SSO, indicating that there might be different metabolic pathways for production of VFAs in fermentation process operated with pre-treated SSO. The possible reason might be that the abundance of soluble organic matters due to pre-hydrolysis might stimulate the growth of more kinetically efficient fermentative bacteria as indicated by the increase in Firmicutes percentage.
Long Lin; Ehssan Hosseini Koupaie; Armineh Azizi; Amir Abbas Bazyar Lakeh; Bipro R. Dhar; Hisham Hafez; Elsayed Elbeshbishy. Comparison of Two Process Schemes Combining Hydrothermal Treatment and Acidogenic Fermentation of Source-Separated Organics. Molecules 2019, 24, 1466 .
AMA StyleLong Lin, Ehssan Hosseini Koupaie, Armineh Azizi, Amir Abbas Bazyar Lakeh, Bipro R. Dhar, Hisham Hafez, Elsayed Elbeshbishy. Comparison of Two Process Schemes Combining Hydrothermal Treatment and Acidogenic Fermentation of Source-Separated Organics. Molecules. 2019; 24 (8):1466.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLong Lin; Ehssan Hosseini Koupaie; Armineh Azizi; Amir Abbas Bazyar Lakeh; Bipro R. Dhar; Hisham Hafez; Elsayed Elbeshbishy. 2019. "Comparison of Two Process Schemes Combining Hydrothermal Treatment and Acidogenic Fermentation of Source-Separated Organics." Molecules 24, no. 8: 1466.