Internet Service Providers are challenged by increasing traffic demands. Advanced Traffic Engineering (TE) is one way to overcome this challenge. Segment Routing (SR) is a relatively new approach for TE. To decide whether SR is a good approach for deployment in carrier IP backbone networks, it has to show its benefits in real-world scenarios and still needs to be feasible from the network operation and management point of view. In this paper, we analyze traffic data from a European tier one backbone network from 2011 to 2015. The total traffic increases significantly throughout that period. We analyze geographic differences to select representative traffic peak times as reference scenarios for an evaluation of TE using SR for real-world topologies and traffic demands. Finally, we extend the existing SR formulations to consider requirements from network operation and management. Our evaluation results show that the SR yields close to optimal results while still being deployable with reasonable effort.

With the recent success of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks, such as SpaceX’s Starlink, measuring their performance has been of great interest to the community. While stationary Starlink performance has been extensively assessed on a globalized view, mobile -in-motion -usage is relatively new. A first look at its performance has only been taken by three studies so far. In this paper, we take a comprehensive look at mobile Starlink performance from the measurement perspective by answering the following three research questions: (1) How does mobile Starlink performance differ in different regions of the world? (2) How does the mobile performance compare to stationary performance? (3) How does obstruction impact mobile performance? To answer these questions, we conduct our own 300 km long test-drive on the German Autobahn (highway) with car velocities up to 140 km/h. We compare our results to the datasets of the other three studies and to stationary measurements. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to deeper analyze the impact of obstructions on the performance. For this, we map bridges crossing the highway to our measurements and find that these short total obstructions cause significant burst packet loss, RTT spikes, and throughput drops. We show that mobility-induced instabilities can have a severe negative impact on the performance of higher-level applications such as HTTP bulk file transfer.

Traffic engineering is an important concept that allows Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to utilize their existing routing hardware more efficiently. One technology that can be used is Segment Routing (SR). In this paper, we address the use of SR to increase the resilience against failure scenarios. In addition, we develop solutions that are manageable and, thus, deployable in a tier 1 ISP network. We propose a post-convergence aware SR based optimization model. With it, we can proactively find a single SR configuration that is beneficial in all predefined failure scenarios, including single link failures, shared risk link group failures, and node failures. In addition to this use-case, we also extend the optimization model to include other important practical requirements such as keeping the number of SR tunnels to a minimum, avoiding arbitrary traffic splitting, or meeting latency bounds. We evaluate our approaches with recently measured data from a tier 1 ISP and show that we can improve over state of the art routing approaches.

Smart Farming is driven by the emergence of precise positioning systems and Internet of Things technologies which have already enabled site-specific applications, sustainable resource management, and interconnected machinery. Nowadays, so-called Farm Management Information Systems (FMISs) enable farm-internal interconnection of agricultural machines and implements and, thereby, allow in-field data exchange and the orchestration of collaborative agricultural processes. Machine data is often directly logged during task execution. Moreover, interconnection of farms, agricultural contractors, and marketplaces ease the collaboration. However, current FMISs lack in security and particularly in user authentication. In this paper, we present a security architecture for a decentralized, manufacturer-independent, and open-source FMIS. Special attention is turned on the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)-based continuous user authentication which greatly improves security and credibility of automated documentation, while at the same time preserves usability in practice.

This paper deals with voice communication models for disaster area scenarios. The goal is to design models that can be used to generate realistic push to talk traffic for single talk groups. The modelling is based on an analysis of empirical measurements during a catastrophe maneuver. The analysis shows that the time series comprise heavy load periods and significant correlations. Based on these characteristics, different Markov and semi-Markov models are considered. Synthetic traffic streams for the different models are generated and evaluated by visual and statistical analysis. Finally, a case study outlines the impact of the different traffic models in network performance simulation

Recent advancements in the context of Segment Routing (SR) have shown that the Midpoint Optimization (MO) concept enables a substantial reduction in the number of SR policies required to implement Traffic Engineering (TE) configurations. In this paper, we demonstrate that this concept can also be applied to the use case of tactical TE to considerably reduce the number of network changes required to react to critical events, thereby facilitating lower provisioning times and a generally improved time-to-repair. For this, we develop MOLS, a Local Search-based optimization routine that is able to provide close to optimal solutions within just a couple of seconds. The latter is shown based on extensive evaluations featuring various real-world topologies, including data from the backbone of a Tier-1 Internet Service Provider. Compared to state-of-the-art approaches relying on conventional SR, MOLS achieves similar or better solution quality while requiring substantially fewer configuration changes to implement the respective solutions. Furthermore, MOLS is able to resolve over 99% of overutilization scenarios resulting from different failure types, mostly within sub-second fashion and with an exceptionally small number of changes. Lastly, we also extend MOLS to adhere to specified latency bounds while even fixing initially violated ones.