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Background Responses to dietary calcium (Ca) and supplemented phytase on prececal amino acid digestibility (pcAAD) in broiler chickens vary among studies. The variation may arise from the dietary acid-binding capacity (ABC) that influences the activity of enzymes in the digestive tract and from microbial activity. Objective This study aimed to investigate whether the ABC influences phytase effects on pcAAD and whether microbial activity contributes to this. Methods Male Ross 308 broiler chickens were provided 1 of 12 diets in 72 pens (15/pen) from day 16 of age until the end of the experiment on days 21 or 22. In a 3 × 2 × 2-factorial arrangement, the ABC was varied by replacing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with Ca-formate or by adding formic acid to CaCO3-containing diets, and contained 5.6 or 8.2 g Ca/kg and 0 or 1500 phytase units/kg. The ileum content was collected for pcAAD measurement and microbial community composition was used to investigate whether changes in pcAAD are related to the microbiota. Results Three-factor ANOVA showed that reducing the ABC increased pcAAD (average 1.1 percentage points) and no significant interaction of the ABC with Ca concentration and phytase supplementation including 3-way interactions. Without phytase, increasing dietary Ca concentration decreased pcAAD (average 3.1 percentage points). Phytase supplementation increased pcAAD (average 2.1 and 5.0 percentage points at low and high Ca concentrations, respectively), to reach the same level for both Ca concentrations. Microbial functional predictions pointed towards an influence of the microbiota in the crop and ileum content on amino acid concentrations, as indicated by different relative abundances of predicted genes related to amino acid biosynthesis, degradation, and metabolism. Conclusions Dietary Ca concentrations but not the ABC modulates the effect of supplemented phytase on pcAAD in broiler chickens. The microbiota might contribute to differences in pcAAD by changing the amino acid composition of the digesta. The extent of this effect is still unknown.
Wolfgang Siegert; Jochen Krieg; Vera Sommerfeld; Daniel Borda-Molina; Dieter Feuerstein; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Markus Rodehutscord. Phytase Supplementation Effects on Amino Acid Digestibility in Broiler Chickens are Influenced by Dietary Calcium Concentrations but not by Acid-Binding Capacity. Current Developments in Nutrition 2021, 5, 1 .
AMA StyleWolfgang Siegert, Jochen Krieg, Vera Sommerfeld, Daniel Borda-Molina, Dieter Feuerstein, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Markus Rodehutscord. Phytase Supplementation Effects on Amino Acid Digestibility in Broiler Chickens are Influenced by Dietary Calcium Concentrations but not by Acid-Binding Capacity. Current Developments in Nutrition. 2021; 5 (8):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWolfgang Siegert; Jochen Krieg; Vera Sommerfeld; Daniel Borda-Molina; Dieter Feuerstein; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Markus Rodehutscord. 2021. "Phytase Supplementation Effects on Amino Acid Digestibility in Broiler Chickens are Influenced by Dietary Calcium Concentrations but not by Acid-Binding Capacity." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, no. 8: 1.
The number of people above the age of 60 years is raising world-wide being associated with an increase in the prevalence of aging-associated impairments and even diseases. Recent studies suggest that aging is associated with alterations in bacterial endotoxin levels and that these changes may add to low-grade inflammation, the so-called ´inflammaging`, and aging-associated liver degeneration. However, mechanisms involved, and especially, the interaction of intestinal microbiota and barrier in the development of aging-associated inflammation and liver degeneration have not been fully understood. The aim of the present study was to determine if intestinal microbiota composition changes with age and if these alterations are associated with changes of markers of intestinal barrier function and the development of inflammation and liver degeneration. Blood, liver, small and large intestinal tissue of male 2-, 15-, 24- and 30-months old C57BL/6 mice fed standard chow were obtained. Intestinal microbiota composition, expression levels of antimicrobial peptides in small intestine and markers of intestinal barrier function were measured. Furthermore, indices of liver damage, inflammation and expression levels of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (Lbp) as well as of toll-like receptors (Tlr) 1-9 in liver tissue were assessed. Pairwise comparisons of the microbial community in the small intestine showed differences between 2- and 24-, 15- and 24-, as well as 15- and 30-months old animals while Shannon´s diversity, species richness and evenness indexes did not differ in both small and large intestine, respectively, between age groups. Concentrations of nitric oxide were significantly lower in small intestine of 15-, 24- and 30-months old mice compared to 2-months old mice while mRNA expression of the antimicrobial peptides defensin alpha 1 and lysozyme 1 was unchanged. In contrast, in liver tissue, older age of animals was associated with increasing inflammation and the development of fibrosis in 24- and 30-months old mice. Numbers of inflammatory foci and neutrophils in livers of 24- and 30-months old mice were significantly higher compared to 2-months old mice. These alterations were also associated with higher endotoxin levels in plasma as well as an increased mRNA expression of Lbp and Tlr1, Tlr2, Tlr4, Tlr6 and Tlr9 in livers in older mice. Despite no consistent and robust changes of microbiota composition in small and/or large intestine of mice of different age were observed, our data suggest that alterations of markers of intestinal barrier function in small intestine are associated with an induction of several Tlrs and beginning hepatic inflammation in older mice and increase with age.
Anja Baumann; Angélica Hernández-Arriaga; Annette Brandt; Victor Sánchez; Anika Nier; Finn Jung; Richard Kehm; Annika Höhn; Tilman Grune; Christiane Frahm; Otto Wilhelm Witte; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Ina Bergheim. Microbiota profiling in aging-associated inflammation and liver degeneration. International Journal of Medical Microbiology 2021, 311, 151500 .
AMA StyleAnja Baumann, Angélica Hernández-Arriaga, Annette Brandt, Victor Sánchez, Anika Nier, Finn Jung, Richard Kehm, Annika Höhn, Tilman Grune, Christiane Frahm, Otto Wilhelm Witte, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Ina Bergheim. Microbiota profiling in aging-associated inflammation and liver degeneration. International Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2021; 311 (4):151500.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnja Baumann; Angélica Hernández-Arriaga; Annette Brandt; Victor Sánchez; Anika Nier; Finn Jung; Richard Kehm; Annika Höhn; Tilman Grune; Christiane Frahm; Otto Wilhelm Witte; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Ina Bergheim. 2021. "Microbiota profiling in aging-associated inflammation and liver degeneration." International Journal of Medical Microbiology 311, no. 4: 151500.
Background: Feather pecking is a well-known problem in layer flocks that causes animal welfare restrictions and contributes to economic losses. Birds’ gut microbiota has been linked to feather pecking. This study aims to characterize the microbial communities of two laying hen lines divergently selected for high (HFP) and low (LFP) feather pecking and investigates if the microbiota is associated with feather pecking or agonistic behavior. Methods: Besides phenotyping for the behavioral traits, microbial communities from the digesta and mucosa of the ileum and caeca were investigated using target amplicon sequencing and functional predictions. Microbiability was estimated with a microbial mixed linear model. Results: Ileum digesta showed an increase in the abundance of the genus Lactobacillus in LFP, while Escherichia was abundant in HFP hens. In the caeca digesta and mucosa of the LFP line were more abundant Faecalibacterium and Blautia. Tryptophan metabolism and lysine degradation were higher in both digesta and mucosa of the HFP hens. Linear models revealed that the two lines differ significantly in all behavior traits. Microbiabilities were close to zero and not significant in both lines and for all traits. Conclusions: Trait variation was not affected by the gut microbial composition in both selection lines.
Daniel Borda-Molina; Hanna Iffland; Markus Schmid; Regina Müller; Svenja Schad; Jana Seifert; Jens Tetens; Werner Bessei; Jörn Bennewitz; Amélia Camarinha-Silva. Gut Microbial Composition and Predicted Functions Are Not Associated with Feather Pecking and Antagonistic Behavior in Laying Hens. Life 2021, 11, 235 .
AMA StyleDaniel Borda-Molina, Hanna Iffland, Markus Schmid, Regina Müller, Svenja Schad, Jana Seifert, Jens Tetens, Werner Bessei, Jörn Bennewitz, Amélia Camarinha-Silva. Gut Microbial Composition and Predicted Functions Are Not Associated with Feather Pecking and Antagonistic Behavior in Laying Hens. Life. 2021; 11 (3):235.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Borda-Molina; Hanna Iffland; Markus Schmid; Regina Müller; Svenja Schad; Jana Seifert; Jens Tetens; Werner Bessei; Jörn Bennewitz; Amélia Camarinha-Silva. 2021. "Gut Microbial Composition and Predicted Functions Are Not Associated with Feather Pecking and Antagonistic Behavior in Laying Hens." Life 11, no. 3: 235.
Improved utilization of phytates and mineral phosphorus (P) in monogastric animals contributes significantly to preserving the finite resource of mineral P and mitigating environmental pollution. In order to identify pathways and to prioritize candidate genes related to P utilization (PU), the genomic heritability of 77 and 80 trait-dependent expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in 482 Japanese quail were estimated and eQTL (expression quantitative trait loci) were detected. In total, 104 miR-eQTL (microRNA expression quantitative traits loci) were associated with SNP markers (false discovery rate less than 10%) including 41 eQTL of eight miRNAs. Similarly, 944 mRNA-eQTL were identified at the 5% False discovery rate threshold, with 573 being cis-eQTL of 36 mRNAs. High heritabilities of miRNA and mRNA expression coincide with highly significant eQTL. Integration of phenotypic data with transcriptome and microbiome data of the same animals revealed genetic regulated mRNA and miRNA transcripts (SMAD3, CAV1, ENNPP6, ATP2B4, miR-148a-3p, miR-146b-5p, miR-16-5p, miR-194, miR-215-5p, miR-199-3p, miR-1388a-3p) and microbes ( Candidatus Arthromitus , Enterococcus ) that are associated with PU. The results reveal novel insights into the role of mRNAs and miRNAs in host gut tissue functions, which are involved in PU and other related traits, in terms of the genetic regulation and inheritance of their expression and in association with microbiota components.
Siriluck Ponsuksili; Michael Oster; Henry Reyer; Frieder Hadlich; Nares Trakooljul; Markus Rodehutscord; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Jörn Bennewitz; Klaus Wimmers. Genetic regulation and heritability of miRNA and mRNA expression link to phosphorus utilization and gut microbiome. Open Biology 2021, 11, 200182 .
AMA StyleSiriluck Ponsuksili, Michael Oster, Henry Reyer, Frieder Hadlich, Nares Trakooljul, Markus Rodehutscord, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Jörn Bennewitz, Klaus Wimmers. Genetic regulation and heritability of miRNA and mRNA expression link to phosphorus utilization and gut microbiome. Open Biology. 2021; 11 (2):200182.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiriluck Ponsuksili; Michael Oster; Henry Reyer; Frieder Hadlich; Nares Trakooljul; Markus Rodehutscord; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Jörn Bennewitz; Klaus Wimmers. 2021. "Genetic regulation and heritability of miRNA and mRNA expression link to phosphorus utilization and gut microbiome." Open Biology 11, no. 2: 200182.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is by now the most prevalent liver disease worldwide. The non-proteogenic amino acid l-citrulline (L-Cit) has been shown to protect mice from the development of NAFLD. Here, we aimed to further assess if L-Cit also attenuates the progression of a pre-existing diet-induced NAFLD and to determine molecular mechanisms involved. Female C57BL/6J mice were either fed a liquid fat-, fructose- and cholesterol-rich diet (FFC) or control diet (C) for 8 weeks to induce early stages of NASH followed by 5 more weeks with either FFC-feeding +/- 2.5 g L-Cit/kg bw or C-feeding. In addition, female C57BL/6J mice were either pair-fed a FFC +/- 2.5 g L-Cit/kg bw +/- 0.01 g/kg bw i.p. N(ω)-hydroxy-nor-l-arginine (NOHA) or C diet for 8 weeks. The protective effects of supplementing L-Cit on the progression of a pre-existing NAFLD were associated with an attenuation of 1) the increased translocation of bacterial endotoxin and 2) the loss of tight junction proteins as well as 3) arginase activity in small intestinal tissue, while no marked changes in intestinal microbiota composition were prevalent in small intestine. Treatment of mice with the arginase inhibitor NOHA abolished the protective effects of L-Cit on diet-induced NAFLD. Our results suggest that the protective effects of L-Cit on the development and progression of NAFLD are related to alterations of intestinal arginase activity and intestinal permeability.
Dragana Rajcic; Anja Baumann; Angélica Hernández-Arriaga; Annette Brandt; Anika Nier; Cheng Jun Jin; Victor Sánchez; Finn Jung; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Ina Bergheim. Citrulline supplementation attenuates the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in female mice through mechanisms involving intestinal arginase. Redox Biology 2021, 41, 101879 .
AMA StyleDragana Rajcic, Anja Baumann, Angélica Hernández-Arriaga, Annette Brandt, Anika Nier, Cheng Jun Jin, Victor Sánchez, Finn Jung, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Ina Bergheim. Citrulline supplementation attenuates the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in female mice through mechanisms involving intestinal arginase. Redox Biology. 2021; 41 ():101879.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDragana Rajcic; Anja Baumann; Angélica Hernández-Arriaga; Annette Brandt; Anika Nier; Cheng Jun Jin; Victor Sánchez; Finn Jung; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Ina Bergheim. 2021. "Citrulline supplementation attenuates the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in female mice through mechanisms involving intestinal arginase." Redox Biology 41, no. : 101879.
The intestinal microbiome can influence the efficiency and the health status of its host’s digestive system. Indigestible non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) serve as substrates for bacterial fermentation, resulting in short-chain fatty acids like butyrate. In broiler’s nutrition, dietary crude protein (CP) and butyrate’s presence is of particular interest for its impact on intestinal health and growth performance. In this study, we evaluated the effect on the microbial ecology of the ceca of dietary supplementations, varying the cereal type (maize and wheat), adequate levels of CP and supplementation of sodium butyrate on broiler chickens with 21 days. The overall structure of bacterial communities was statistically affected by cereal type, CP, and sodium butyrate (p = 0.001). Wheat in the diet promoted the presence of Lactobacillaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae and Bacteroides xylanisolvens, which can degrade complex carbohydrates. Maize positively affected the abundance of Bacteroides vulgatus. The addition of CP promoted the family Rikenellaceae, while sodium butyrate as feed supplement was positively related to the family Lachnospiraceae. Functional predictions showed an effect of the cereal type and a statistical significance across all supplementations and their corresponding interactions. The composition of diets affected the overall structure of broilers’ intestinal microbiota. The source of NSP as a substrate for bacterial fermentation had a stronger stimulus on bacterial communities than CP content or supplementation of butyrate.
Daniel Borda-Molina; Gábor Mátis; Máté Mackei; Zsuzsanna Neogrády; Korinna Huber; Jana Seifert; Amélia Camarinha-Silva. Caeca Microbial Variation in Broiler Chickens as a Result of Dietary Combinations Using Two Cereal Types, Supplementation of Crude Protein and Sodium Butyrate. Frontiers in Microbiology 2021, 11, 1 .
AMA StyleDaniel Borda-Molina, Gábor Mátis, Máté Mackei, Zsuzsanna Neogrády, Korinna Huber, Jana Seifert, Amélia Camarinha-Silva. Caeca Microbial Variation in Broiler Chickens as a Result of Dietary Combinations Using Two Cereal Types, Supplementation of Crude Protein and Sodium Butyrate. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2021; 11 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Borda-Molina; Gábor Mátis; Máté Mackei; Zsuzsanna Neogrády; Korinna Huber; Jana Seifert; Amélia Camarinha-Silva. 2021. "Caeca Microbial Variation in Broiler Chickens as a Result of Dietary Combinations Using Two Cereal Types, Supplementation of Crude Protein and Sodium Butyrate." Frontiers in Microbiology 11, no. : 1.
Laying hens require less phosphorus (P) but markedly more calcium (Ca) in their diet than broilers. These differences may cause more distinct interactions with phytate degradation and utilization of minerals in laying hens than those in broilers. The objective of the study was to characterize intestinal phytate degradation, ileal transcript copy numbers of transcellular Ca and P transporters, and mineral utilization by two laying hen strains fed with standard or reduced levels of dietary Ca and P at the laying peak. The strains showed differences regarding several traits driving Ca and P metabolism along the digestive tract. Thus, the two strains may use different mechanisms to meet their respective P demand, i.e., via effective phytate degradation and transcellular transport. Clear effects of the Ca level on myo-inositol concentrations and mineral utilization revealed the significance of this element for the measured traits. The absence of P-mediated effects confirmed the findings of several studies recommending that P concentrations used in laying hen feeds are too high. Differences were noted between individuals within one treatment. The next step would be to evaluate the data in individual birds to identify birds that better cope with a challenging diet.
Vera Sommerfeld; Adewunmi Omotoso; Michael Oster; Henry Reyer; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Martin Hasselmann; Korinna Huber; Siriluck Ponsuksili; Jana Seifert; Volker Stefanski; Klaus Wimmers; Markus Rodehutscord. Phytate Degradation, Transcellular Mineral Transporters, and Mineral Utilization by Two Strains of Laying Hens as Affected by Dietary Phosphorus and Calcium. Animals 2020, 10, 1736 .
AMA StyleVera Sommerfeld, Adewunmi Omotoso, Michael Oster, Henry Reyer, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Martin Hasselmann, Korinna Huber, Siriluck Ponsuksili, Jana Seifert, Volker Stefanski, Klaus Wimmers, Markus Rodehutscord. Phytate Degradation, Transcellular Mineral Transporters, and Mineral Utilization by Two Strains of Laying Hens as Affected by Dietary Phosphorus and Calcium. Animals. 2020; 10 (10):1736.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVera Sommerfeld; Adewunmi Omotoso; Michael Oster; Henry Reyer; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Martin Hasselmann; Korinna Huber; Siriluck Ponsuksili; Jana Seifert; Volker Stefanski; Klaus Wimmers; Markus Rodehutscord. 2020. "Phytate Degradation, Transcellular Mineral Transporters, and Mineral Utilization by Two Strains of Laying Hens as Affected by Dietary Phosphorus and Calcium." Animals 10, no. 10: 1736.
The objective of this study was to compare two laying hen strains in 5 production periods regarding phytase activity, phytate (InsP6) degradation and myo-inositol (MI) release in the digestive tract and phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) utilization. One offspring of 10 non-related roosters per strain (Lohmann Brown-Classic (LB) or Lohmann LSL-Classic (LSL)) was placed in one of 20 metabolic units in a completely randomized block design in wk 8, 14, 22, 28, and 58 of life. All hens were fed the same corn and soybean meal-based diet at one time, but the diet composition was adjusted to the requirements in the respective period. For 4 consecutive days, excreta were collected quantitatively at 24-h intervals. In wk 10, 16, 24, 30, and 60, blood plasma, digesta of crop, gizzard, jejunum, ileum, and ceca, and mucosa of the jejunum was collected. The concentration of inorganic P in blood plasma was higher in LB than LSL (P = 0.026). Plasma Ca concentrations increased with each period (P < 0.001) in both strains. In jejunum digesta, MI concentration did not differ between strains, but InsP6 concentration was higher in LB than in LSL (P = 0.002) and highest in wk 30 and 60. Total phosphatase and phytase activities were higher in LB than LSL hens (P ≤ 0.009). Period effects were also significant for these enzymes. Concentrations of some constituents of cecal content were different between the strains. The MI concentration in egg albumen and yolk was higher in LB than LSL hens. Differences in InsP and MI related metabolism of the two hen strains existed. These differences were partly dependent of the period. Especially wk 24 was a period of remarkable change of metabolism. Great differences also existed among individuals, making it worth to have a closer look at the metabolism of individuals in addition to evaluating treatment means. Further studies on metabolic, genetic, and microbiome level may help to explain these differences.
Vera Sommerfeld∗; Korinna Huber∗; Jörn Bennewitz; Améliacamarinha- Silva∗; Martin Hasselmann∗; Siriluck Ponsuksili†; Jana Seifert∗; Volker Stefanski∗; Klaus Wimmers†; Markus Rodehutscord∗. Phytate degradation, myo-inositol release, and utilization of phosphorus and calcium by two strains of laying hens in five production periods. Poultry Science 2020, 99, 6797 -6808.
AMA StyleVera Sommerfeld∗, Korinna Huber∗, Jörn Bennewitz, Améliacamarinha- Silva∗, Martin Hasselmann∗, Siriluck Ponsuksili†, Jana Seifert∗, Volker Stefanski∗, Klaus Wimmers†, Markus Rodehutscord∗. Phytate degradation, myo-inositol release, and utilization of phosphorus and calcium by two strains of laying hens in five production periods. Poultry Science. 2020; 99 (12):6797-6808.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVera Sommerfeld∗; Korinna Huber∗; Jörn Bennewitz; Améliacamarinha- Silva∗; Martin Hasselmann∗; Siriluck Ponsuksili†; Jana Seifert∗; Volker Stefanski∗; Klaus Wimmers†; Markus Rodehutscord∗. 2020. "Phytate degradation, myo-inositol release, and utilization of phosphorus and calcium by two strains of laying hens in five production periods." Poultry Science 99, no. 12: 6797-6808.
It is well known that mammals and avian gut microbiota compositions are shaped by the host genomes and affect quantitative traits. The microbial architecture describes the impact of the microbiota composition on quantitative trait variation and the number and effect distribution of microbiota features. In the present study the gut microbial architecture of feed-related traits phosphorus and calcium utilization, daily gain, feed intake and feed per gain ratio in the domestic poultry model species Japanese quail were assessed by mixed linear models. The ileum microbiota composition was characterized by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing techniques of growing individuals. The microbiability of the traits was on a similar level as the narrow sense heritability and was highly significant except for calcium utilization. The animal microbial correlation of the traits was substantial. Microbiome-wide association analyses revealed several traits associated and highly significant microbiota features, both on the bacteria genera as well as on the operational taxonomic unit level. Most features were significant for more than one trait, which explained the high microbial correlations. It can be concluded that the traits are polymicrobial determined with some microbiota features with larger effects and many with small effects. The results are important for the development of hologenomic selection schemes for feed-related traits in avian breeding programs that are targeting the host genome and the metagenome simultaneously.
Solveig Vollmar; Robin Wellmann; Daniel Borda-Molina; Markus Rodehutscord; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Jörn Bennewitz. The Gut Microbial Architecture of Efficiency Traits in the Domestic Poultry Model Species Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) Assessed by Mixed Linear Models. G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics 2020, 10, 2553 -2562.
AMA StyleSolveig Vollmar, Robin Wellmann, Daniel Borda-Molina, Markus Rodehutscord, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Jörn Bennewitz. The Gut Microbial Architecture of Efficiency Traits in the Domestic Poultry Model Species Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) Assessed by Mixed Linear Models. G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics. 2020; 10 (7):2553-2562.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSolveig Vollmar; Robin Wellmann; Daniel Borda-Molina; Markus Rodehutscord; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Jörn Bennewitz. 2020. "The Gut Microbial Architecture of Efficiency Traits in the Domestic Poultry Model Species Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) Assessed by Mixed Linear Models." G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 7: 2553-2562.
In this study, we aimed to investigate the ileum digesta of a large cohort of Japanese quail fed the same diet, with similar environmental conditions. We also address how P utilization (PU), Ca utilization (CaU), and bird performance (feed intake (FI), feed conversion (FC), and body weight gain (BWG)) modify intestinal microbiota of male and female quail. Despite the great number of samples analyzed (760), a core microbiome was composed of five bacteria. The Unc. Lactobacillus, Unc. Clostridaceae 1, Clostridium sensu stricto, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus alactolyticus were detected in all samples and contributed to more than 70% of the total community. Depending on the bird predisposition for PU, CaU, FI, BWG, and FC, those species were present in higher or lower abundances. There was a significant gender effect on the ileal microbial community. While females had higher abundances of Lactobacillus, males were more colonized by Streptococcus alactolyticus. The entire cohort was highly colonized by Escherichia coli (8%–15%), an enteropathogenic bacteria. It remains unclear, if microbiota composition followed the mechanisms that caused different PU, CaU, FI, FC, and BWG or if the change in microbiota composition and function caused the differences in PU, CaU, and performance traits.
Daniel Borda Molina; Christoph Roth; Angélica Hérnandez-Arriaga; Daniel Rissi; Solveig Vollmar; Markus Rodehutscord; Jörn Bennewitz; Amélia Camarinha-Silva. Effects on the Ileal Microbiota of Phosphorus and Calcium Utilization, Bird Performance, and Gender in Japanese Quail. Animals 2020, 10, 885 .
AMA StyleDaniel Borda Molina, Christoph Roth, Angélica Hérnandez-Arriaga, Daniel Rissi, Solveig Vollmar, Markus Rodehutscord, Jörn Bennewitz, Amélia Camarinha-Silva. Effects on the Ileal Microbiota of Phosphorus and Calcium Utilization, Bird Performance, and Gender in Japanese Quail. Animals. 2020; 10 (5):885.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Borda Molina; Christoph Roth; Angélica Hérnandez-Arriaga; Daniel Rissi; Solveig Vollmar; Markus Rodehutscord; Jörn Bennewitz; Amélia Camarinha-Silva. 2020. "Effects on the Ileal Microbiota of Phosphorus and Calcium Utilization, Bird Performance, and Gender in Japanese Quail." Animals 10, no. 5: 885.
Phosphorus is an essential mineral for all living organisms and a limited resource worldwide. Variation and heritability of phosphorus utilization (PU) traits were observed, indicating the general possibility of improvement. Molecular mechanisms of PU, including host and microbial effects, are still poorly understood. The most promising molecules that interact between the microbiome and host are microRNAs. Japanese quail representing extremes for PU were selected from an F2 population for miRNA profiling of the ileal tissue and subsequent association with mRNA and microbial data of the same animals. Sixty-nine differentially expressed miRNAs were found, including 21 novel and 48 known miRNAs. Combining miRNAs and mRNAs based on correlated expression and target prediction revealed enrichment of transcripts in functional pathways involved in phosphate or bone metabolism such as RAN, estrogen receptor and Wnt signaling, and immune pathways. Out of 55 genera of microbiota, seven were found to be differentially abundant between PU groups. The study reveals molecular interactions occurring in the gut of quail which represent extremes for PU including miRNA-16-5p, miR-142b-5p, miR-148a-3p, CTDSP1, SMAD3, IGSF10, Bacteroides, and Alistipes as key indicators due to their trait-dependent differential expression and occurrence as hub-members of the network of molecular drivers of PU.
Siriluck Ponsuksili; Henry Reyer; Frieder Hadlich; Frank Weber; Nares Trakooljul; Michael Oster; Puntita Siengdee; Eduard Muráni; Markus Rodehutscord; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Jörn Bennewitz; Klaus Wimmers. Identification of the Key Molecular Drivers of Phosphorus Utilization Based on Host miRNA-mRNA and Gut Microbiome Interactions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 2818 .
AMA StyleSiriluck Ponsuksili, Henry Reyer, Frieder Hadlich, Frank Weber, Nares Trakooljul, Michael Oster, Puntita Siengdee, Eduard Muráni, Markus Rodehutscord, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Jörn Bennewitz, Klaus Wimmers. Identification of the Key Molecular Drivers of Phosphorus Utilization Based on Host miRNA-mRNA and Gut Microbiome Interactions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (8):2818.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiriluck Ponsuksili; Henry Reyer; Frieder Hadlich; Frank Weber; Nares Trakooljul; Michael Oster; Puntita Siengdee; Eduard Muráni; Markus Rodehutscord; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Jörn Bennewitz; Klaus Wimmers. 2020. "Identification of the Key Molecular Drivers of Phosphorus Utilization Based on Host miRNA-mRNA and Gut Microbiome Interactions." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 8: 2818.
The mouth is an important niche for bacterial colonization. Previous research used mouth microbiota to predict diseases like colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is still unclear how the sampling methodology influences microbial characterization. Our aim was to determine if the sampling methods, e.g., cotton swab or tissue biopsy, and the age influence the oral microbial composition of mice. Microbial DNA was extracted using a commercial kit and characterized targeting the 16s rRNA gene from mouth swabs and tissue biopsies from 2 and 15 months old C57BL/6 male mice kept in the same SPF facility. Our results show statistical different microbial community of the different ages, type of sampling, and the two fixed factors age x type of sample (p-value
Angélica Hernández-Arriaga; Anja Baumann; Otto W. Witte; Christiane Frahm; Ina Bergheim; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Hernández- Arriaga; Camarinha- Silva. Changes in Oral Microbial Ecology of C57BL/6 Mice at Different Ages Associated with Sampling Methodology. Microorganisms 2019, 7, 283 .
AMA StyleAngélica Hernández-Arriaga, Anja Baumann, Otto W. Witte, Christiane Frahm, Ina Bergheim, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Hernández- Arriaga, Camarinha- Silva. Changes in Oral Microbial Ecology of C57BL/6 Mice at Different Ages Associated with Sampling Methodology. Microorganisms. 2019; 7 (9):283.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngélica Hernández-Arriaga; Anja Baumann; Otto W. Witte; Christiane Frahm; Ina Bergheim; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Hernández- Arriaga; Camarinha- Silva. 2019. "Changes in Oral Microbial Ecology of C57BL/6 Mice at Different Ages Associated with Sampling Methodology." Microorganisms 7, no. 9: 283.
Most traits in animal breeding, including feed efficiency traits in pigs, are affected by many genes with small effect and have a moderately high heritability between 0.1 and 0.5, which enables efficient selection. Since the microbiota composition in the gastrointestinal tract is also partly heritable and was shown to have a substantial effect on feed efficiency, the host genes affect the phenotype not only directly by altering metabolic pathways, but also indirectly by changing the microbiota composition. The effect of the microbiota composition on the breeding value of an animal is the conditional expectation of its breeding value, given the vector with microbiota frequencies, that is The breeding value of an animal can therefore be decomposed into a heritable contribution that arises from an altered microbiota composition and a heritable contribution that arises from altered metabolic pathways within the animal, so Instead of selecting for breeding value , an index comprising the two components and with appropriate weights, that is , can be used. The present study shows how this breeding strategy can be applied in pig genomic selection breeding scheme for two feed efficiency traits and daily gain.
Ramona Weishaar; Robin Wellmann; Amélia Camarinha Silva; Markus Rodehutscord; Jörn Bennewitz. Selecting the hologenome to breed for an improved feed efficiency in pigs—A novel selection index. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 2019, 137, 14 -22.
AMA StyleRamona Weishaar, Robin Wellmann, Amélia Camarinha Silva, Markus Rodehutscord, Jörn Bennewitz. Selecting the hologenome to breed for an improved feed efficiency in pigs—A novel selection index. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics. 2019; 137 (1):14-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamona Weishaar; Robin Wellmann; Amélia Camarinha Silva; Markus Rodehutscord; Jörn Bennewitz. 2019. "Selecting the hologenome to breed for an improved feed efficiency in pigs—A novel selection index." Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 137, no. 1: 14-22.
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of protease origin and dosage on the prececal (pc) amino acid (AA) digestibility and the influence on composition of the microbial community in the small intestine. In addition, the effects of phytase supplementation were investigated. A total of 8 dietary treatments were included. The basal diet contained mainly corn and soybean meal. Three protease products were added to the basal diet, each at the level recommended by the supplier and at an 8-fold level. Phytase was supplemented in another dietary treatment. Each dietary treatment was allocated to 8 replicates of 15 birds each. The experimental diets were offered from day 15 to 21 for ad libitum consumption. The effect of protease supplementation on the pc AA digestibility depended on the protease product type and the amount supplemented. The pc AA digestibility was significantly increased by 1 protease product when supplemented at high level and when phytase was supplemented. In all the other treatments, protease supplementation had no significant influence or it decreased pc AA digestibility, when compared with the treatment with no enzymes added. In general, Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum among the ileal microbiota across all the treatments. Significant effects on microbiota composition were observed at the genus level for some but not all protease treatments and phytase supplementation. The genera Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and uncultured Clostridiaceae were responsible for these differences. Furthermore, microbial networks established for each diet showed either high or low number of intergeneric interactions, but without a consistent enzyme effect. We conclude that enzyme supplementation effects were evident in the terminal small intestine microbiota composition, and to a lesser extent, in pc AA digestibility. However, the changes in microbiota composition and pc AA digestibility could not be correlated, indicating absence of a causal relationship.
Daniel Borda Molina; T. Zuber; W. Siegert; Amélia Camarinha Silva; D. Feuerstein; M. Rodehutscord. Effects of protease and phytase supplements on small intestinal microbiota and amino acid digestibility in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 2019, 98, 2906 -2918.
AMA StyleDaniel Borda Molina, T. Zuber, W. Siegert, Amélia Camarinha Silva, D. Feuerstein, M. Rodehutscord. Effects of protease and phytase supplements on small intestinal microbiota and amino acid digestibility in broiler chickens. Poultry Science. 2019; 98 (7):2906-2918.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Borda Molina; T. Zuber; W. Siegert; Amélia Camarinha Silva; D. Feuerstein; M. Rodehutscord. 2019. "Effects of protease and phytase supplements on small intestinal microbiota and amino acid digestibility in broiler chickens." Poultry Science 98, no. 7: 2906-2918.
There is good evidence for a substantial endogenous phytase activity originating from the epithelial tissue or the microbiota resident in the digestive tract of broiler chickens. However, ionophore coccidiostats, which are frequently used as feed additives in broiler diets to prevent coccidiosis, might affect the bacterial composition and the abundance of phytase producers in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether supplementation of a frequently used mixture of the coccidiostats Narasin and Nicarbazin alone or together with a phytase affects microbiota composition of the digestive tract of broiler chickens, characteristics of phytate breakdown in crop and terminal ileum, and precaecal phosphorus and crude protein digestibility. Large differences in the microbial composition and diversity were detected between the treatments with and without coccidiostat supplementation. Disappearance of myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis(dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP6) in the digestive tract, precaecal P digestibility, inorganic P in blood serum, and the concentration of inositol phosphate isomers in the crop and ileum digesta were significantly affected by phytase supplementation, but not by coccidiostat supplementation. Crude protein digestibility was increased by coccidiostat supplementation when more phosphate was available. Neither microbial abundance and diversity nor any other trait measured at the end of the experiment was affected by coccidiostat when it was only supplemented from day 1 to 10 of age. The coccidiostats used herein had large effects on overall microbiota composition of the digestive tract. The coccidiostats did not seem to affect endogenous or exogenous phytase activity up to the terminal ileum of broiler chickens. The effects of phytase on growth, phosphorus digestibility, and myo-inositol release were not altered by the presence of the coccidiostats. The effects of phytase and coccidiostats on nutrient digestibility can be of significant relevance for phosphorus and protein-reduced feeding concepts if confirmed in further experiments.
Susanne Künzel; Daniel Borda-Molina; Rebecca Kraft; Vera Sommerfeld; Imke Kühn; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Markus Rodehutscord. Impact of coccidiostat and phytase supplementation on gut microbiota composition and phytate degradation in broiler chickens. Animal Microbiome 2019, 1, 1 -14.
AMA StyleSusanne Künzel, Daniel Borda-Molina, Rebecca Kraft, Vera Sommerfeld, Imke Kühn, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Markus Rodehutscord. Impact of coccidiostat and phytase supplementation on gut microbiota composition and phytate degradation in broiler chickens. Animal Microbiome. 2019; 1 (1):1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSusanne Künzel; Daniel Borda-Molina; Rebecca Kraft; Vera Sommerfeld; Imke Kühn; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Markus Rodehutscord. 2019. "Impact of coccidiostat and phytase supplementation on gut microbiota composition and phytate degradation in broiler chickens." Animal Microbiome 1, no. 1: 1-14.
Diet has an essential influence in the establishment of the cecum microbial communities in poultry, so its supplementation with safe additives, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics might improve animal health and performance. This study showed the ceca microbiome modulations of laying hens, after feeding with dry whey powder as prebiotics, Pediococcus acidilactici as probiotics, and the combination of both as synbiotics. A clear grouping of the samples induced per diet was observed (p < 0.05). Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) identified as Olsenella spp., and Lactobacillus crispatus increased their abundance in prebiotic and synbiotic treatments. A core of the main functions was shared between all metagenomes (45.5%), although the genes encoding for the metabolism of butanoate, propanoate, inositol phosphate, and galactose were more abundant in the prebiotic diet. The results indicated that dietary induced-changes in microbial composition did not imply a disturbance in the principal biological roles, while the specific functions were affected.
Carolina Pineda-Quiroga; Daniel Borda Molina; Diego Chaves-Moreno; Roberto Ruiz; Raquel Atxaerandio; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Aser García-Rodríguez. Microbial and Functional Profile of the Ceca from Laying Hens Affected by Feeding Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Synbiotics. Microorganisms 2019, 7, 123 .
AMA StyleCarolina Pineda-Quiroga, Daniel Borda Molina, Diego Chaves-Moreno, Roberto Ruiz, Raquel Atxaerandio, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Aser García-Rodríguez. Microbial and Functional Profile of the Ceca from Laying Hens Affected by Feeding Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Synbiotics. Microorganisms. 2019; 7 (5):123.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarolina Pineda-Quiroga; Daniel Borda Molina; Diego Chaves-Moreno; Roberto Ruiz; Raquel Atxaerandio; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Aser García-Rodríguez. 2019. "Microbial and Functional Profile of the Ceca from Laying Hens Affected by Feeding Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Synbiotics." Microorganisms 7, no. 5: 123.
The antidiabetic drug metformin has been proposed to affect non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through its effects on intestinal microbiota and barrier function. However, so far most studies focused on long-term effects and more progressed disease stages. The aim of this study was to assess in two experimental settings, if the onset of NAFLD is associated with changes of intestinal microbiota and barrier function and to determine effects of metformin herein. C57Bl/6J mice were fed a liquid control diet (C) or fat-, fructose- and cholesterol-rich diet (FFC) for four days or six weeks ±300 mg/kg BW/day metformin (Met). Markers of liver health, intestinal barrier function and microbiota composition were assessed. Metformin treatment markedly attenuated FFC-induced NAFLD in both experiments with markers of inflammation and lipidperoxidation in livers of FFC + Met-fed mice being almost at the level of controls. Metformin treatment attenuated the loss of tight junction proteins in small intestine and the increase of bacterial endotoxin levels in portal plasma. Changes of intestinal microbiota found in FFC-fed mice were also significantly blunted in FFC + Met-fed mice. Taken together, protective effects of metformin on the onset of NAFLD are associated with changes of intestinal microbiota composition and lower translocation of bacterial endotoxins.
Annette Brandt; Angélica Hernández-Arriaga; Richard Kehm; Victor Sánchez; Cheng Jun Jin; Anika Nier; Anja Baumann; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Ina Bergheim. Metformin attenuates the onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and affects intestinal microbiota and barrier in small intestine. Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 1 -14.
AMA StyleAnnette Brandt, Angélica Hernández-Arriaga, Richard Kehm, Victor Sánchez, Cheng Jun Jin, Anika Nier, Anja Baumann, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Ina Bergheim. Metformin attenuates the onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and affects intestinal microbiota and barrier in small intestine. Scientific Reports. 2019; 9 (1):1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnette Brandt; Angélica Hernández-Arriaga; Richard Kehm; Victor Sánchez; Cheng Jun Jin; Anika Nier; Anja Baumann; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Ina Bergheim. 2019. "Metformin attenuates the onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and affects intestinal microbiota and barrier in small intestine." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1: 1-14.
Traditional microbiological research largely depends on the cultivation and characterization of microorganisms under laboratory conditions. However, with the establishment of new sequencing-based methods over the last two decades that expanded the accessible fraction of the microbiota to non-cultivable members, microbiome research has gained significant momentum and popularity. Today, next-generation sequencing allows even smaller research groups to carry out massively parallel sequencing at affordable costs. Selective amplification and sequencing of universal phylogenetic marker genes such as those of the small subunit ribosomal RNA still represent a cornerstone of the taxonomic composition analysis that is typically used to describe and compare microbiome samples. At the same time, shotgun sequencing of metagenomes that represent all members of a microbial community is becoming increasingly popular as a more expensive but also more comprehensive alternative to amplicon sequencing. Both approaches generate large amounts of sequence data, which require bioinformatic support for processing, analysis, and visualization. The following chapter provides an overview of the typical steps involved in microbiome projects, starting from sample collection and storage, over 16S rRNA and other marker gene amplification, amplicon, and metagenome sequencing to bioinformatic sequence analysis.
Amélia Camarinha-Silva; W. Florian Fricke. Molecular Microbiome Analysis. The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease 2018, 49 -65.
AMA StyleAmélia Camarinha-Silva, W. Florian Fricke. Molecular Microbiome Analysis. The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease. 2018; ():49-65.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmélia Camarinha-Silva; W. Florian Fricke. 2018. "Molecular Microbiome Analysis." The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease , no. : 49-65.
The microbial communities inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of chickens are essential for the gut homeostasis, the host metabolism and affect the animals' physiology and health. They play an important role in nutrient digestion, pathogen inhibition and interact with the gut-associated immune system. Throughout the last years high-throughput sequencing technologies have been used to analyze the bacterial communities that colonize the different sections of chickens' gut. The most common methodologies are targeted amplicon sequencing followed by metagenome shotgun sequencing as well as metaproteomics aiming at a broad range of topics such as dietary effects, animal diseases, bird performance and host genetics. However, the respective analyses are still at the beginning and currently there is a lack of information in regard to the activity and functional characterization of the gut microbial communities. In the future, the use of multi-omics approaches may enhance research related to chicken production, animal and also public health. Furthermore, combinations with other disciplines such as genomics, immunology and physiology may have the potential to elucidate the definition of a “healthy” gut microbiota.
Daniel Borda Molina; Jana Seifert; Amélia Camarinha-Silva. Current Perspectives of the Chicken Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Microbiome. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 2018, 16, 131 -139.
AMA StyleDaniel Borda Molina, Jana Seifert, Amélia Camarinha-Silva. Current Perspectives of the Chicken Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Microbiome. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal. 2018; 16 ():131-139.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Borda Molina; Jana Seifert; Amélia Camarinha-Silva. 2018. "Current Perspectives of the Chicken Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Microbiome." Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 16, no. : 131-139.
In recent years, high phosphate intakes were discussed critically. In the small intestine, a part of the ingested phosphate and calcium precipitates to amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), which in turn can precipitate other intestinal substances, thus leading to a beneficial modulation of the intestinal environment. Therefore, we analysed faecal samples obtained from a human intervention study regarding gut-related parameters. Sixty-two healthy subjects (men, n = 30; women, n = 32) completed the double-blind, placebo-controlled and parallel designed study (mean age: 29 ± 7 years; mean BMI: 24 ± 3 kg/m2). Supplements were monosodium phosphate and calcium carbonate. During the first 2 weeks, all groups consumed a placebo sherbet powder, and afterwards a sherbet powder for 8 weeks according to the intervention group: P1000/Ca0 (1000 mg/d phosphorus), P1000/Ca500 (1000 mg/d phosphorus and 500 mg/d calcium) and P1000/Ca1000 (1000 mg/d phosphorus and 1000 mg/d calcium). After the placebo period and after 8 weeks of intervention faecal collections took place. We determined in faeces: short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and fat as well as the composition of the microbiome (subgroup) and cyto- and genotoxicity of faecal water (FW). By questionnaire evaluation we examined tolerability of the used phosphorus supplement. Faecal fat concentrations did not change significantly due to the interventions. Concentrations of faecal total SCFA and acetate were significantly higher after 8 weeks of P1000/Ca500 supplementation compared to the P1000/Ca0 supplementation. In men, faecal total SCFA and acetate concentrations were significantly higher after 8 weeks in the P1000/Ca1000 group compared to the P1000/Ca0 one. None of the interventions markedly affected cyto- and genotoxic activity of FW. Men of the P1000/Ca1000 intervention had a significantly different gut microbial community compared to the men of the P1000/Ca0 and P1000/Ca500 ones. The genus Clostridium XVIII was significantly more abundant in men of the P1000/Ca1000 intervention group compared to the other groups. Supplementations did not cause increased intestinal distress. The used high phosphorus diet did not influence cyto- and genotoxicity of FW and the concentrations of faecal fat independent of calcium intake. Our study provides first hints for a potential phosphorus-induced modulation of the gut community and the faecal total SCFA content. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02095392.
Ulrike Trautvetter; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Gerhard Jahreis; Stefan Lorkowski; Michael Glei. High phosphorus intake and gut-related parameters – results of a randomized placebo-controlled human intervention study. Nutrition Journal 2018, 17, 1 -11.
AMA StyleUlrike Trautvetter, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Gerhard Jahreis, Stefan Lorkowski, Michael Glei. High phosphorus intake and gut-related parameters – results of a randomized placebo-controlled human intervention study. Nutrition Journal. 2018; 17 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleUlrike Trautvetter; Amélia Camarinha-Silva; Gerhard Jahreis; Stefan Lorkowski; Michael Glei. 2018. "High phosphorus intake and gut-related parameters – results of a randomized placebo-controlled human intervention study." Nutrition Journal 17, no. 1: 1-11.