An emerging function of circRNA-miRNAs-mRNA axis in human diseases An emerging function of circRNA-miRNAs-mRNA axis in human diseases

CircRNA expression profiles for gastric cancer (GC) were screened using plasma samples from 10 GC patients with different TNM stages and 5 healthy individuals as controls. Results showed lower expression of circ-KIAA1244 in GC tissues, plasmas, and cells compare to normal controls. Further clinical data analysis demonstrated that a decreased expression of circ-KIAA1244 in plasmas was negatively correlated with TNM stage and lymphatic metastasis, and a shorter overall survival time of GC patients. Moreover, we found that circ-KIAA1244 could be detected in GC plasma exosomes and showed no obvious significance compared to the expression level in the corresponding plasmas. This study revealed a GC-tissues-derived circ-KIAA1244 could serve a novel circulating biomarker for detection of GC.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs with a loop structure, but its functions remain largely unknown. Growing evidence has revealed that circRNAs play a striking role as functional RNAs in the progression of malignant disease. However, the precise role of circRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Methods: CircRNAs were determined by human circRNA array analysis and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase reaction. Luciferase reporter, RNA pull down, and fluorescence in situ hybridization assays were employed to test the interaction between circPSMC3 and miR-296-5p. Ectopic over-expression and siRNA-mediated knockdown of circPSMC3, proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and in vivo experiment of metastasis were used to evaluate the function of circPSMC3. Results: CircPSMC3 rather than liner PSMC3 mRNA was down-regulated in GC tissues, corresponding plasmas from GC patients as well as GC cell lines compared to normal controls. Lower circPSMC3 expression in GC patients was correlated with higher TNM stage and shorter overall survival. Over-expression of circPSMC3 and miR-296-5p inhibitor could inhibit the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer cells in vivo and vitro whereas co-transfection of circPSMC3 and miRNA-296-5p could counteract this effect. Importantly, we demonstrated that circPSMC3 could act as a sponge of miR-296-5p to regulate the expression of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN), and further suppress the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer cells. Conclusion: Our study reveals that circPSMC3 can serve as a novel potential circulating biomarker for detection of GC. CircPSMC3 participates in progression of gastric cancer by sponging miRNA-296-5p with PTEN, providing a new insight into the treatment of gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found playing important roles in regulating cancer progression. Human circRNA microarray was performed to screen for abnormally expressed circRNA in gastric cancer tissues. In this study, we are aimed to

Cancer has become one of the greatest threats to human health, and new technologies are urgently needed to further clarify the mechanisms of cancer so that better detection and treatment strategies can be developed. At present, extensive genomic analysis and testing of clinical specimens shape the insights into carcinoma. Nevertheless, carcinoma of humans is a complex ecosystem of cells, including carcinoma cells and immunity-related and stroma-related subsets, with accurate characteristics obscured by extensive genome-related approaches. A growing body of research shows that sequencing of single-cell RNA (scRNA-seq) is emerging to be an effective way for dissecting human tumor tissue at single-cell resolution, presenting one prominent way for explaining carcinoma biology. This review summarizes the research progress of scRNA-seq in the field of tumors, focusing on the application of scRNA-seq in tumor circulating cells, tumor stem cells, tumor drug resistance, the tumor microenvironment, and so on, which provides a new perspective for tumor research.

Background: Circular RNAs(circRNAs) have been reported as a diverse class of endogenous RNA that regulate gene expression in eukaryotes. Recent evidence suggested that many circular RNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors through sponging microRNAs. However, the function of circular RNAs in gastric cancer remains largely unknown. Materials and methods: The circRNA levels in gastric carcinoma tissues and plasmas were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The correlation between the expression of circRNA and clinic pathological features was analyzed. Rate of inhibiting of proliferation was measured using a CCK-8 cell proliferation assay. Clone formation ability was assessed with a clone formation inhibition test. We used the bioinformatics software to predict circRNA-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA interactions. Relative gene expression was assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and relative protein expression levels were determined with western blotting. CircRNA and miRNA interaction was confrmed by dual-luciferase reporter assays. Results: We characterized that one circRNA named circ-SFMBT2 showed an increased expression level in gastric cancer tissues compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissues and was associated with higher tumor stages of gastric cancer. Silencing of circ-SFMBT2 inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells significantly. Importantly, we demonstrated that circ-SFMBT2 could act as a sponge of miR-182-5p to regulate the expression of CREB1 mRNA, named as cAMP response element binding protein 1, and further promote the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Conclusion: Our study reveals that circ-SFMBT2 participates in progression of gastric cancer by competitively sharing miR-182-5p with CREB1, providing a novel target to improve the treatment of gastric cancer. mutation-analysis-of-beta-thalassemia-in-east-western-indian-populatio-peer-reviewed-article-TACG for an example.