China launched the pilot construction of the carbon emission trading scheme (ETS) in 2011. The pilots have been running for many years. Does ETS significantly restrain the increase of carbon emission intensity? Based on China’s panel data for provinces and industries, this paper uses the policy assessment method to evaluate the inhibition by ETS of carbon emission intensity. The assessment scope includes six provincial pilots and pilot industries covered by ETS. The results show that ETS has significant suppression of carbon emission intensity only in Beijing and Guangdong. There is no significant impact on the carbon emission intensity of Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, and Hubei. Through the carbon emission intensity inhibition analysis of the industries covered by ETS from Beijing and Chongqing, the results of the production and supply of electric power, steam and hot water, petroleum processing and coking in Beijing have a significant impact on the ETS. Only the smelting and pressing of ferrous metals in Chongqing has a significant impact on the ETS.

The study of carbon emissions is of great significance for environmental change and economic development. Gender factors is an important perspective to examine the path of carbon emissions. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2016, this paper selects the optimal spatial measurement model structure by using the Bayesian posterior probability model structure selection method, and studies the impact of economy on carbon emissions and the influence mechanism of gender-based “synergy effect” on carbon emissions from the National level and regional levels. The research shows that the increase of economic promotes the increase of carbon emission in this region, but it has a restraining effect on the carbon emission in the surrounding areas. Moreover, gender factors have a significant positive effect on the region at the National level and the Eastern and Northeastern regions, but not significantly in other ones, and have a significant negative impact on carbon emissions in surrounding areas. Overall, the influence intensity of economy on carbon emission increases with the increase of gender in the National level and the Eastern and Northeastern, while the influence intensity of economy of peripheral regions on carbon emission in Central Region decreases with the increase of gender factors in peripheral regions.

Based on the spatial econometric model, this paper mainly studies the impact of the utilization of mineral resources on environmental pollution and the impact of environmental regulation on the utilization of mineral resources in 30 provincial regions from 2003 to 2016, and analyzes the impact mechanism of heterogeneity and synergy. The results show that the utilization of mineral resources intensifies the degree of environmental pollution and the degree of economic spatial agglomeration, while environmental regulation can effectively restrain the utilization of mineral resources in the region and the near adjacent areas. Through the analysis results of synergistic mechanism, it can be seen that the improvement of industrial structure alleviates the impact of the utilization of mineral resources on environmental pollution and the restraining effect of environmental regulation on it. The improvement of technological progress has improved the environmental pollution caused by the utilization of mineral resources in this area, but intensified the environmental pollution degree of the utilization of mineral resources in neighboring areas. In the current technological level, the neighboring areas will consume more mineral resources to meet a certain demand, thus aggravating the environmental pollution of the utilization of mineral resources in the neighboring areas. The enhanced intensity of government management significantly improves the pollution control efficiency of environmental regulation on the utilization of mineral resources.