Natural disaster response is commonly regarded as a dynamic process that reflects intricate relationships between physical and social factors. The resilience of physical infrastructure impacts the availability of emergency resources, while asymmetric resource dependence among emergency cooperation organizations influences the effectiveness of the coordinated emergency response. This study has formulated differential game encompassing three emergency response models: autonomous participation, government-led, and collaborative response. These models have been designed to account for scenarios involving infrastructure damage and asymmetric resource dependence scenarios to compute the optimal level of emergency response efforts by both government and social organizations, the government cost-sharing ratio, the optimal level of emergency resource availability, and disaster response performance. The results indicated that, under specific conditions, government cost-sharing can motivate social organizations to actively engage in disaster response, leading to improvement in disaster response performance. The collaborative emergency response model outperformed the other models regarding optimal emergency response strategy and disaster response performance. Notably, infrastructure damage and asymmetric resource dependence lead to a reduction in the optimal level of emergency response efforts and system disaster response performance for both parties. Furthermore, the impact of infrastructure damage on disaster response performance and the optimization of emergency resource availability levels are shown to be more substantial than the effects of asymmetric resource dependence. This research provided theoretical support for strategic decision-making in natural disaster response and is more aligned with disaster response.

Rapid population growth has led to increasing demand for water resources. Studies have shown that the application of new technologies can effectively influence and promote citizens to save water. The application of smart water sensors can effectively monitor household water consumption and feedback the recorded data to citizens promptly, thereby influencing family members' water-saving attitudes and behaviours. For the widespread use of future water sensors in households, it can demonstrate its essential role in three aspects: water use information feedback to reduce water consumption, water information measurement helps to cultivate water conservation awareness, and water use information release as an effective means of behavioural intervention. This research provides some suggestions for the promotion and use of smart sensors in the home and points out the future research directions for the impact of water sensing on household water-saving behaviour.

To manage the process of human-machine safety collaboration in the context of intelligent construction of coal mines and prevent the occurrence of human-machine interaction accidents. This study explores the variables affecting human-machine safety collaboration in coal mines and analyzes the causal relationships and mechanisms of action among the variables. This study adopts DEMATEL-ISM method to analyze the causal relationship between factors affecting human-machine safety collaboration. In addition, the research further identifies key influencing factors from a series of factors, establishes a hierarchical structure model among factors, and understands the interaction mechanism between factors. We reviewed the existing research and found that the Delphi method is used to construct a system of influencing factors of human-machine safety collaboration in coal mines, including miners, intelligent systems, management, group, and the environment. According to the calculation results of DEMATEL, the key factors affecting human-machine safety collaboration behavior are determined as follows: safety education and training, human-machine interaction experience, ease of use, and safety leadership. The ISM method divides the influencing factors into five levels, and the direct and indirect factors affecting human-computer interaction are determined. This study constructs a system of influencing factors of human-machine safety collaboration in coal mines. It uses the DEMATEL-ISM method to determine the key factors affecting human-machine safety collaboration in coal mines and the interaction mechanism between the factors. The research results can provide a theoretical basis and methods for preventing coal mine safety accidents and improving human-machine safety collaboration in coal mines.

Background: With the intelligent construction of coal mines, the number of coal mine accidents is gradually decreasing, but the complexity of accidents is increasing. Understanding the interaction mechanism among the influencing factors of the coal mine safety system is an essential part of improving and enhancing the safety of the coal mine system.Methods: The descriptive, structural model-network hierarchical analysis (ISM-ANP) was used to explore the interaction between the factors influencing the coal mine safety system and determine each factor's importance. A system dynamics simulation model was constructed to clarify the mechanism of each factor's effect on the safety system.Results: The results show that Individual miners' factors directly influence coal mine system safety, organizational management factors, and group factors indirectly influence system safety and play the role of macro regulation. The intelligent system is the most profound factor influencing system safety. There are apparent differences in the influence of different subsystems on system safety, with organizational management having the most significant influence on system safety, followed by individual miners and group factors, and intelligent system factors and external environmental factors having a more negligible influence on system safety.Conclusion: There is a complex interaction between the factors affecting the safety of the coal mine system, and there are apparent differences in the influence of different subsystems on the safety level of the coal mine system. This study puts forward the intervention strategy to improve the safety of the coal mine system, which provides theoretical support and method guidance for preventing coal mine accidents and improving the safety level of the coal mine system.