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Soil carbon (C), now more than ever, attracts the interest of the scientific community for its importance in combating climate change and achieving food security. As a result, its key role in agricultural soil fertility and in anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions mitigation is high on international agendas. A key issue regarding the linkage between food security and carbon storage concerns the mineralization or the stability of soil organic matter (SOM). Rock-Eval® analysis was used to examine the thermal stability of SOM and these results were presented in details at the EGU General Assembly in 2020 (EGU2020-11229). Several indicators are used to further appreciate the quantity and quality of SOM: particle size fractionation (POM-C), determination of permanganate oxidizable carbon (POX-C) and carbon mineralization kinetics (Min-C). The results of both approaches are crossed and presented here. Soils were sampled from two soil layers (0-10 et 10-30 cm) in agricultural plots representative organic inputs practices in local agricultural systems (No input, +Millet residues, +Manure and +Organic wastes). Total soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations ranged from 1.8 to 18.5 g C.kg-1 soil (mean ± standard deviation: 5.6 ± 0.4 g C.kg-1 soil) in the surface layer (0-10 cm) and from 1.5 to 11.3 g C.kg-1 soil (mean ± standard deviation: 3.3 ± 0.2 g C.kg-1 soil) in 10-30 cm deep layer. The soil organic matter in these Arenosols while positively affected by organic inputs is dominated by thermally labile forms. The POM-C fractions represent respectively 45 % and 24 % of the COS in the 0-10 cm and 10-30 cm soil layers respectively. Permanganate oxidizable carbon (POX-C) and mineralizable C (Min-C) averaged 254 ± 14 mg C.kg-1 soil and 10.7 ± 1.2 mg C-CO2 kg-1 soil in the 0-10 cm layer. Our results show that in different situations, the labile pools POM-C, POX-C and Min-C are linked to the active thermal pools A1 (highly labile pool), A2 (labile pool), A3 (resistant pool) and even A4 (refractory pool). The A3 and A4 pools, which are known to be relatively stable in more clayey soils, are in fact quickly mineralized in the sandy soils of this region. This intense mineralization of SOM promotes the recycling of nutrients which is excellent for productivity of these agrosystems, but not for mitigation of climate change in the long term.
keywords: Sahel ; Arenosols ; Thermal stability ; Biogeochemical stability ; Rock-Eval analysis, POM-C ; POX-C ; Min-C.
Oscar Pascal Malou; Tiphaine Chevallier; David Sebag; Patricia Moulin; Ndèye Yacine Badiane Ndour; Nancy Rakotondrazafy; Abou Thiam; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy. Is the thermal stability of soil organic matter related to its biogeochemical stability in cultivated Arenosols of the groundnut basin of Senegal? 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleOscar Pascal Malou, Tiphaine Chevallier, David Sebag, Patricia Moulin, Ndèye Yacine Badiane Ndour, Nancy Rakotondrazafy, Abou Thiam, Lydie Chapuis-Lardy. Is the thermal stability of soil organic matter related to its biogeochemical stability in cultivated Arenosols of the groundnut basin of Senegal? . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOscar Pascal Malou; Tiphaine Chevallier; David Sebag; Patricia Moulin; Ndèye Yacine Badiane Ndour; Nancy Rakotondrazafy; Abou Thiam; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy. 2021. "Is the thermal stability of soil organic matter related to its biogeochemical stability in cultivated Arenosols of the groundnut basin of Senegal?" , no. : 1.
Mid-Infrared reflectance spectroscopy (MIRS, 4000 – 400 cm-1) is being considered to provide accurate estimations of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) contents. Usually, the prediction performances by MIRS are analyzed using figures of merit based on entire test datasets characterized by large SIC ranges, without paying attention to performances at sub-range scales. This work aims to 1) evaluate the performances of MIR regression models for SIC prediction, for a large range of SIC test data (0-100 g/kg) and for several regular sub-ranges of SIC values (0-5, 5-10, 10-15 g/kg, etc.) and 2) adapt the prediction model depending on sub-ranges of test samples, using the absorbance peak at 2510 cm-1 for separating SIC-poor and SIC-rich test samples. This study used a Tunisian MIRS topsoil dataset including 96 soil samples, mostly rich in SIC, to calibrate and validate SIC prediction models; and a French MIRS topsoil dataset including 2178 soil samples, mostly poor in SIC, to test them. Two following regression models were used: a partial least squares regression (PLSR) using the entire spectra and a simple linear regression (SLR) using the height of the carbonate absorbance peak at 2150 cm-1.
First, our results showed that PLSR provided 1) better performances than SLR on the Validation Tunisian dataset (R2test of 0.99 vs. 0.86, respectively), but 2) lower performances than SLR on the Test French dataset (R2test of 0.70 vs. 0.91, respectively). Secondly, our results showed that on the Test French dataset, predicted SIC values were more accurate for SIC-poor samples (< 15 g/kg) with SLR (RMSEtest from 1.5 to 7.1 g/kg, depending on the sub-range) than with PLSR prediction model (RMSEtest from 7.3 to 14.8 g/kg, depending on the sub-range). Conversely, predicted SIC values were more accurate for carbonated samples (> 15 g/kg) with PLSR (RMSEtest from 4.4 to 10.1 g/kg, depending on the sub-range) than with SLR prediction model (RMSEtest from 6.8 to 14 g/kg, depending on the sub-range). Finally, our results showed that the absorbance peak at 2150 cm-1 could be used before prediction to separate SIC-poor and SIC-rich test samples (452 and 1726 samples, respectevely). The SLR and PLSR regression methods applied to these SIC-poor and SIC-rich test samples, respectively, provided better prediction performances (R²test of 0.95 and RMSEtest of 3.7 g/kg).
Finally, this study demonstrated that the use of the spectral absorbance peak at 2150 cm-1 provided useful information on Test samples and helped the selection of the optimal prediction model depending on SIC level, when using calibration and test sample sets with very different SIC distributions.
Cécile Gomez; Tiphaine Chevallier; Patricia Moulin; Bernard G. Barthès. Using absorbance peak of carbonate to select suitable regression model before predicting soil inorganic carbon concentration by mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleCécile Gomez, Tiphaine Chevallier, Patricia Moulin, Bernard G. Barthès. Using absorbance peak of carbonate to select suitable regression model before predicting soil inorganic carbon concentration by mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCécile Gomez; Tiphaine Chevallier; Patricia Moulin; Bernard G. Barthès. 2021. "Using absorbance peak of carbonate to select suitable regression model before predicting soil inorganic carbon concentration by mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy." , no. : 1.
The Paris Climate Agreements and Sustainable Development Goals, signed by 197 countries, present agendas and address key issues for implementing multi-scale responses for sustainable development under climate change—an effort that must involve local, regional, national, and supra-national stakeholders. In that regard, Continental Carbon Sequestration (CoCS) and conservation of carbon sinks are recognized increasingly as having potentially important roles in mitigating climate change and adapting to it. Making that potential a reality will require indicators of success for various stakeholders from multidisciplinary backgrounds, plus promotion of long-term implementation of strategic action towards civil society (e.g., law and policy makers, economists, and farmers). To help meet those challenges, this discussion paper summarizes the state of the art and uncertainties regarding CoCS, taking an interdisciplinary, holistic approach toward understanding these complex issues. The first part of the paper discusses the carbon cycle’s bio-geophysical processes, while the second introduces the plurality of geographical scales to be addressed when dealing with landscape management for CoCS. The third part addresses systemic viability, vulnerability, and resilience in CoCS practices, before concluding with the need to develop inter-disciplinarity in sustainable science, participative research, and the societal implications of sustainable CoCS actions.
Tiphaine Chevallier; Maud Loireau; Romain Courault; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy; Thierry Desjardins; Cécile Gomez; Alexandre Grondin; Frédéric Guérin; Didier Orange; Raphaël Pélissier; Georges Serpantié; Marie-Hélène Durand; Pierre Derioz; Gildas Laruelle Goulven; Marie-Hélène Schwoob; Nicolas Viovy; Olivier Barrière; Eric Blanchart; Vincent Blanfort; Michel Brossard; Julien Demenois; Mireille Fargette; Thierry Heulin; Gil Mahe; Raphaël Manlay; Pascal Podwojewski; Cornélia Rumpel; Benjamin Sultan; Jean-Luc Chotte. Paris Climate Agreement: Promoting Interdisciplinary Science and Stakeholders’ Approaches for Multi-Scale Implementation of Continental Carbon Sequestration. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6715 .
AMA StyleTiphaine Chevallier, Maud Loireau, Romain Courault, Lydie Chapuis-Lardy, Thierry Desjardins, Cécile Gomez, Alexandre Grondin, Frédéric Guérin, Didier Orange, Raphaël Pélissier, Georges Serpantié, Marie-Hélène Durand, Pierre Derioz, Gildas Laruelle Goulven, Marie-Hélène Schwoob, Nicolas Viovy, Olivier Barrière, Eric Blanchart, Vincent Blanfort, Michel Brossard, Julien Demenois, Mireille Fargette, Thierry Heulin, Gil Mahe, Raphaël Manlay, Pascal Podwojewski, Cornélia Rumpel, Benjamin Sultan, Jean-Luc Chotte. Paris Climate Agreement: Promoting Interdisciplinary Science and Stakeholders’ Approaches for Multi-Scale Implementation of Continental Carbon Sequestration. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):6715.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiphaine Chevallier; Maud Loireau; Romain Courault; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy; Thierry Desjardins; Cécile Gomez; Alexandre Grondin; Frédéric Guérin; Didier Orange; Raphaël Pélissier; Georges Serpantié; Marie-Hélène Durand; Pierre Derioz; Gildas Laruelle Goulven; Marie-Hélène Schwoob; Nicolas Viovy; Olivier Barrière; Eric Blanchart; Vincent Blanfort; Michel Brossard; Julien Demenois; Mireille Fargette; Thierry Heulin; Gil Mahe; Raphaël Manlay; Pascal Podwojewski; Cornélia Rumpel; Benjamin Sultan; Jean-Luc Chotte. 2020. "Paris Climate Agreement: Promoting Interdisciplinary Science and Stakeholders’ Approaches for Multi-Scale Implementation of Continental Carbon Sequestration." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 6715.
Mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (MIRS, 4000–400 cm−1) is being considered to provide accurate estimations of soil properties, including soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) contents. This approach has mainly been demonstrated by using datasets originating from the same area A, with similar geopedological conditions, to build, validate and test prediction models. The objective of this study was to analyse how MIRS performs when applied to predict SOC and SIC contents, from a calibration database collected over a region A, to predict over a region B, where A and B have no common area and different soil and climate conditions. This study used a French MIRS soil dataset including 2178 topsoil samples to calibrate SIC and SOC prediction models with partial least squares regression (PLSR), and a Tunisian MIRS topsoil dataset including 96 soil samples to test them. Our results showed that when using the French MIRS soil database, i) the SOC and SIC of French validation samples were successfully predicted using global models (R2val = 0.88 and 0.98, respectively), ii) the SIC of Tunisian samples was also predicted successfully both using a global model and using a selection of spectral neighbours from the French calibration database (R2test of 0.96 for both), iii) the SOC of Tunisian samples was predicted moderately well by global model (R2test of 0.64) and a transformation by natural logarithm of the calibration SOC values significantly improved the SOC prediction of Tunisian samples (R2test of 0.97), and iv) a transformation by natural logarithm of SOC values provided more benefit than a selection of spectral neighbours from the French calibration database for predicting Tunisian SOC values. Therefore, in the future, MIRS might replace conventional physico-chemical analysis techniques, or at least be considered as an alternative technique, especially when optimally exhaustive calibration databases will become available.
Cécile Gomez; Tiphaine Chevallier; Patricia Moulin; Imane Bouferra; Kaouther Hmaidi; Dominique Arrouays; Claudy Jolivet; Bernard G. Barthès. Prediction of soil organic and inorganic carbon concentrations in Tunisian samples by mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy using a French national library. Geoderma 2020, 375, 114469 .
AMA StyleCécile Gomez, Tiphaine Chevallier, Patricia Moulin, Imane Bouferra, Kaouther Hmaidi, Dominique Arrouays, Claudy Jolivet, Bernard G. Barthès. Prediction of soil organic and inorganic carbon concentrations in Tunisian samples by mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy using a French national library. Geoderma. 2020; 375 ():114469.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCécile Gomez; Tiphaine Chevallier; Patricia Moulin; Imane Bouferra; Kaouther Hmaidi; Dominique Arrouays; Claudy Jolivet; Bernard G. Barthès. 2020. "Prediction of soil organic and inorganic carbon concentrations in Tunisian samples by mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy using a French national library." Geoderma 375, no. : 114469.
Mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (MIRS) is time- and cost-effective. It was used for quantifying soil inorganic carbon (SIC) concentration in France based on a national library, and performances were evaluated on an independent regional set. Our objective was to improve the accuracy of MIRS predictions based on common multivariate regression, through spiking (enrichment of the national library with some representative target samples) with possible extra-weighting (replication of spiking samples) and local calibration (only using calibration samples that are spectral neighbours of each target samples), which have not been fully explored yet, in combination especially. Global (i.e. common) calibration yielded accurate prediction (standard error of prediction, SEP, was ≈ 5 g kg−1), which could be improved when the library was completed with spiking samples (optimally 10 samples extra-weighted 40 times; SEP = 3.3 g kg−1). Using spiking samples only (without the library) yielded slightly less accurate results (SEP = 3.6 g kg−1). Prediction was more accurate using local calibration without spiking, but on a validation set that was reduced because some validation samples lacked calibration neighbours (SEP = 2.5–2.7 g kg−1). Local calibration with spiking (optimally 10 samples without extra-weight) yielded somewhat less accurate prediction but for the full validation set when few calibration neighbours were required (SEP = 2.7 g kg−1), or higher accuracy on the reduced validation set when many neighbours were required (SEP = 2.3 g kg−1). These accurate predictions demonstrated the usefulness of representative spiking and local calibration for rendering large soil spectral libraries fully operational, while extra-weighting had no additional benefit. Along with more exhaustive spectral libraries, this paves the way for extensive use of MIRS for SIC determination.
Bernard G. Barthès; Ernest Kouakoua; Patrice Coll; Michaël Clairotte; Patricia Moulin; Nicolas P.A. Saby; Edith Le Cadre; Amandine Etayo; Tiphaine Chevallier. Improvement in spectral library-based quantification of soil properties using representative spiking and local calibration – The case of soil inorganic carbon prediction by mid-infrared spectroscopy. Geoderma 2020, 369, 114272 .
AMA StyleBernard G. Barthès, Ernest Kouakoua, Patrice Coll, Michaël Clairotte, Patricia Moulin, Nicolas P.A. Saby, Edith Le Cadre, Amandine Etayo, Tiphaine Chevallier. Improvement in spectral library-based quantification of soil properties using representative spiking and local calibration – The case of soil inorganic carbon prediction by mid-infrared spectroscopy. Geoderma. 2020; 369 ():114272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBernard G. Barthès; Ernest Kouakoua; Patrice Coll; Michaël Clairotte; Patricia Moulin; Nicolas P.A. Saby; Edith Le Cadre; Amandine Etayo; Tiphaine Chevallier. 2020. "Improvement in spectral library-based quantification of soil properties using representative spiking and local calibration – The case of soil inorganic carbon prediction by mid-infrared spectroscopy." Geoderma 369, no. : 114272.
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key element in the functioning of agrosystems. It ensures soil quality and productivity of cultivated systems in the Sahelian region. This study uses Rock-Eval pyrolysis to examine how cultural practices impact SOC quantity and quality of cultivated sandy soils in the Senegal groundnut basin. Such thermal analysis method provides cost-effective information on SOC thermal stability that has been shown to be qualitatively related to SOC biogeochemical stability. Soils were sampled within 2 villages agricultural plots representative of local agricultural systems and for local preserved areas. Total SOC concentrations ranged from 1.8 to 18.5 g.kg-1 soil (mean ± standard deviation: 5.6 ± 0.4 g.kg-1 soil) in the surface layer (0-10 cm) and from 1.5 to 11.3 g.kg-1 soil (mean ± standard deviation: 3.3 ± 0.2 g.kg-1 soil) in 10-30 cm deep layer. SOC of cultivated soils significantly (p-value < 0.0001) decreased according to treatments in the following order: +organic wastes > +manure > +millet residues > no input. Our results show that the quantity and the quality of SOC are linked to each other and both depend on land-use and agricultural practices, especially the nature of organic inputs. This correlation is very strong in the tree plantation (R² = 0.98) and in the protected shrubby savanna (R² = 0.97). It remains important for cultivated soils receiving organic wastes (R² = 0.82), manure (R² > 0.75), or millet residues (R2 = 0.91) but it’s no more significant in no-input situations. The Rock-Eval based indexes were depicted in a I/R diagram that illustrate the level of SOC stabilization and plotted against comparable results from literature. The Senegalese sandy soils have thermal signatures showing an inversion of the I and the R indexes compared to data from the literature and highlighting SOC stabilization as a function of soil depth. Indeed, the studied soils were characterized by a more abundant refractory pool (A5 which ranged from 7.7 to 21.3 % in 0-10 cm layer and from 12.5 to 24.3 % in 10-30 cm, respectively) compared to other tropical soils. The SOC in these sandy soils while positively affected by organic inputs is dominated by labile forms that mineralize quickly which is excellent for the needs of productivity of these agrosystems but not for mitigation of climate change.
Keywords: Soil organic carbon; Organic inputs; Thermal analysis; Agrosystems; West Africa
Oscar Pascal Malou; David Sebag; Patricia Moulin; Tiphaine Chevallier; Yacine Badiane Ndour; Abou Thiam; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy. Does agricultural practices impact the quantity and the forms of organic carbon stored in cultivated soils of the Senegal groundnut basin? A Rock-Eval approach. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleOscar Pascal Malou, David Sebag, Patricia Moulin, Tiphaine Chevallier, Yacine Badiane Ndour, Abou Thiam, Lydie Chapuis-Lardy. Does agricultural practices impact the quantity and the forms of organic carbon stored in cultivated soils of the Senegal groundnut basin? A Rock-Eval approach. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOscar Pascal Malou; David Sebag; Patricia Moulin; Tiphaine Chevallier; Yacine Badiane Ndour; Abou Thiam; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy. 2020. "Does agricultural practices impact the quantity and the forms of organic carbon stored in cultivated soils of the Senegal groundnut basin? A Rock-Eval approach." , no. : 1.
In the last years, soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics have been explored for agronomic and environmental issues in different agro systems. Many soils of the world, especially in arid and semi-arid environments, contain large stocks of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) as carbonates. Yet, the SOC dynamics has been poorly investigated in these soils, due to the complexity of measurements and of the processes involved. Indeed, few previous studies have shown links between SIC and SOC dynamics. Theses interactions are initiated by biological activities, i.e. CO2 production, are explained through equilibrium equations between soil carbonates and bicarbonates. However, few data were available on the specific impact of SIC on SOC mineralization especially at increasing soil depth.
Alley agroforestry systems increased SOC content in the tree rows without any change in the SIC content. The heterogeneity in organic inputs and SOC contents induced by alley agroforestry allows the investigation of the interactions between SIC and SOC on CO2 emissions.
To assess contributions of SIC to CO2 emissions with depth, we incubated carbonaceous soil samples coming from an 18-year-old agroforestry system (both tree row and alley) and an adjacent agricultural plot. Soil samples were taken at four different depths: 0-10, 10-30, 70-100 and 160-180 cm. Total CO2 emissions, the isotopic composition (δ13C, ‰) of the CO2 and microbial biomass were measured. The SIC concentrations were from 48 to 63 g C kg-1 soil and the SOC concentrations from 4 to 17 g C kg-1 soil. The total amounts of CO2 emissions from soil were correlated to C contents and decreased with depth (from 183-569 µgC g-1 soil in top soil vs 21-25 µgC g-1 soil in subsoil).
The contribution of SIC-derived CO2 was not homogenous along the soil profile. It represented about 20% in the topsoil and 60% in the subsoil of the total soil CO2 emissions. As the SOC content and the microbial biomass, the SOC-derived CO2 emissions were larger in the topsoil especially in the tree row compared to the alley and the agricultural plot. The SIC-derived CO2 emissions were also larger in topsoil and in tree rows at 0-10 cm than in alleys or agricultural plots (71 µg C g-1 soil vs 45-48 µg C g-1 soil) or in the subsoil (13-15 µg C g-1 soil), whereas the amount of SIC was similar in top and subsoil and in tree rows, alleys or agricultural soils. This indicate that CO2 emissions from SIC were linked to the SOC content and its mineralization. In addition, our results suggest that the measurement of soil respiration in calcareous soils could be overestimated if the isotopic signature of the CO2 is not taken into account. It also advocates more in-depth studies on carbonate dissolution-precipitation processes and their impact on CO2 emissions.
Reference:
Cardinael, R., Chevallier, T., Guenet, B., Girardin, C., Cozzi, T., Pouteau, V., and Chenu, C. 2019 Organic carbon decomposition rates with depth and contribution of inorganic carbon to CO2 emissions under a Mediterranean agroforestry system, Eur J Soil Sci, https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12908.
Tiphaine Chevallier; Rémi Cardinael; Bertrand Guenet; Thomas Cozzi; Cyril Girardin; Claire Chenu. Contribution of inorganic carbon to CO2 emissions under a Mediterranean agroforestry system. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleTiphaine Chevallier, Rémi Cardinael, Bertrand Guenet, Thomas Cozzi, Cyril Girardin, Claire Chenu. Contribution of inorganic carbon to CO2 emissions under a Mediterranean agroforestry system. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiphaine Chevallier; Rémi Cardinael; Bertrand Guenet; Thomas Cozzi; Cyril Girardin; Claire Chenu. 2020. "Contribution of inorganic carbon to CO2 emissions under a Mediterranean agroforestry system." , no. : 1.
Mid-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (MIRS, 4000–400 cm-1) is being considered to provide accurate estimations of soil properties, including soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) contents. This has mainly been demonstrated when datasets used to build, validate and test the prediction model originate from the same area A, with similar geopedological conditions. The objective of this study was to analyze how MIRS performed when used to predict SOC and SIC contents, from a calibration database collected over a region A, to predict over a region B, where A and B have no common area and different soil and climate conditions. This study used a French MIRS soil dataset including 2178 soil samples to calibrate SIC and SOC prediction models with partial least squares regression (PLSR), and a Tunisian MIRS soil dataset including 96 soil samples to test them. Our results showed that using the French MIRS soil database i) SOC and SIC of French samples were successfully predicted, ii) SIC of Tunisian samples was also predicted successfully, iii) local calibration significantly improved SOC prediction of Tunisian samples and iv) prediction models seemed more robust for SIC than for SOC. So in future, MIRS might replace, or at least be considered as, a conventional physico-chemical analysis technique, especially when as exhaustive as possible calibration database will become available.
Tiphaine Chevallier; Cécile Gomez; Patricia Moulin; Imane Bouferra; Kaouther Hmaidi; Dominique Arrouays; Claudy Jolivet; Bernard Barthès. Prediction of soil organic and inorganic carbon concentrations in Tunisian samples by mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy using a French national library. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleTiphaine Chevallier, Cécile Gomez, Patricia Moulin, Imane Bouferra, Kaouther Hmaidi, Dominique Arrouays, Claudy Jolivet, Bernard Barthès. Prediction of soil organic and inorganic carbon concentrations in Tunisian samples by mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy using a French national library. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiphaine Chevallier; Cécile Gomez; Patricia Moulin; Imane Bouferra; Kaouther Hmaidi; Dominique Arrouays; Claudy Jolivet; Bernard Barthès. 2020. "Prediction of soil organic and inorganic carbon concentrations in Tunisian samples by mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy using a French national library." , no. : 1.
Soil organic carbon (SOC) constitutes the largest terrestrial C stock, particularly in the Andosols of volcanic areas. Quantitative information on distribution of SOC stocks is needed to construct a baseline for studying temporal changes in SOC. The spatial variation of soil short-range-order minerals such as allophane usually explains the variability of topsoil SOC contents, but SOC data for deeper soil layers are needed. We found that within a 1 km2 Costa Rican basin covered by coffee agroforestry, SOC stocks in the upper 200 cm of soil were highly variable (24 to 72 kg C m−2). Topsoil SOC stocks were not correlated with SOC stocks present in deeper layers. Diffuse-reflectance mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy made possible the analysis of a large number of samples (69 soil profiles, i.e. 598 soil samples) for ammonium-oxalate and sodium-pyrophosphate-extractable forms of Al, Fe, and Si, as well as SOC content and bulk density. Using the MIR spectra, we identified two different soil materials, which were identified as allophanic and halloysitic soil material. Allophanic soil occurred on top of the halloysitic soil. The thickness of the allophanic soil material, rich in SRO minerals and related to a young andic A horizon, explained the variability of SOC. This study illustrates that knowledge of topography and pedogenesis is needed to understand and extrapolate the distribution of SOC stocks at landscape scales.
Tiphaine Chevallier; Kenji Fujisaki; Olivier Roupsard; Florian Guidat; Rintaro Kinoshita; Elias De Melo Viginio Filho; Peter Lehner; Alain Albrecht. Short-range-order minerals as powerful factors explaining deep soil organic carbon stock distribution: the case of a coffee agroforestry plantation on Andosols in Costa Rica. SOIL 2019, 5, 315 -332.
AMA StyleTiphaine Chevallier, Kenji Fujisaki, Olivier Roupsard, Florian Guidat, Rintaro Kinoshita, Elias De Melo Viginio Filho, Peter Lehner, Alain Albrecht. Short-range-order minerals as powerful factors explaining deep soil organic carbon stock distribution: the case of a coffee agroforestry plantation on Andosols in Costa Rica. SOIL. 2019; 5 (2):315-332.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiphaine Chevallier; Kenji Fujisaki; Olivier Roupsard; Florian Guidat; Rintaro Kinoshita; Elias De Melo Viginio Filho; Peter Lehner; Alain Albrecht. 2019. "Short-range-order minerals as powerful factors explaining deep soil organic carbon stock distribution: the case of a coffee agroforestry plantation on Andosols in Costa Rica." SOIL 5, no. 2: 315-332.
Agroforestry systems have been much studied for their potential to store soil organic carbon (SOC). However, few data are available on their specific impact on potential SOC mineralization, especially at depth in subsoils. Moreover, many soils of the world, especially in arid and semi‐arid environments, also contain large stocks of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) as carbonates. Consequently, the organic carbon dynamics has been poorly investigated in these soils due to the complexity of measurements and of the processes involved. To assess mineralization rates of SOC with depth, we incubated soil samples coming from an 18‐year‐old agroforestry system (both tree row and alley) and an adjacent agricultural plot established on a calcareous soil in France. Soil samples were taken at four different depths: 0–10, 10–30, 70–100 and 160–180 cm. Total CO2 emissions, the isotopic composition (δ13C, ‰) of the CO2 and microbial biomass were measured. The SIC concentrations ranged from 48 to 63 g C kg−1 soil and the SOC concentrations ranged from 4 to 17 g C kg−1 soil. The contribution of SIC‐derived CO2 represented about 20% in the topsoil and 60% in the subsoil of the total soil CO2 emissions. The microbial biomass and the SOC‐derived CO2 emissions were larger in the topsoil, but the decomposition rates (day−1) remained stable with depth, suggesting that only the size of the labile carbon pool was modified with depth. Subsoil organic carbon seems to be as prone to decomposition as surface organic carbon. No difference in CO2 emissions was found between the agroforestry and the control plot, except in the tree row at 0–10 cm. Our results suggest that the measurement of soil respiration in calcareous soils could be overestimated if the isotopic signature of the CO2 is not taken into account. It also advocates more in‐depth studies on carbonate dissolution‐precipitation processes and their impact on CO2 emissions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Rémi Cardinael; Tiphaine Chevallier; Bertrand Guenet; Cyril Girardin; Thomas Cozzi; Valérie Pouteau; Claire Chenu. Organic carbon decomposition rates with depth and contribution of inorganic carbon to CO2 emissions under a Mediterranean agroforestry system. European Journal of Soil Science 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleRémi Cardinael, Tiphaine Chevallier, Bertrand Guenet, Cyril Girardin, Thomas Cozzi, Valérie Pouteau, Claire Chenu. Organic carbon decomposition rates with depth and contribution of inorganic carbon to CO2 emissions under a Mediterranean agroforestry system. European Journal of Soil Science. 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRémi Cardinael; Tiphaine Chevallier; Bertrand Guenet; Cyril Girardin; Thomas Cozzi; Valérie Pouteau; Claire Chenu. 2019. "Organic carbon decomposition rates with depth and contribution of inorganic carbon to CO2 emissions under a Mediterranean agroforestry system." European Journal of Soil Science , no. : 1.
Tiphaine Chevallier. Answers to Reviewer 2. 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleTiphaine Chevallier. Answers to Reviewer 2. . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiphaine Chevallier. 2019. "Answers to Reviewer 2." , no. : 1.
Tiphaine Chevallier. Tables2378. 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleTiphaine Chevallier. Tables2378. . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiphaine Chevallier. 2019. "Tables2378." , no. : 1.
Tiphaine Chevallier. Answers to Reviewer 1. 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleTiphaine Chevallier. Answers to Reviewer 1. . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiphaine Chevallier. 2019. "Answers to Reviewer 1." , no. : 1.
Tiphaine Chevallier; Kenji Fujisaki; Olivier Roupsard; Florian Guidat; Rintaro Kinoshita; Elias De Melo Viginio Filho; Peter Lehner; Alain Albrecht. Supplementary material to "Soil andic properties as powerful factors explaining deep soil organic carbon stocks distribution: the case of a coffee agroforestry plantation on Andosols in Costa Rica". 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleTiphaine Chevallier, Kenji Fujisaki, Olivier Roupsard, Florian Guidat, Rintaro Kinoshita, Elias De Melo Viginio Filho, Peter Lehner, Alain Albrecht. Supplementary material to "Soil andic properties as powerful factors explaining deep soil organic carbon stocks distribution: the case of a coffee agroforestry plantation on Andosols in Costa Rica". . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiphaine Chevallier; Kenji Fujisaki; Olivier Roupsard; Florian Guidat; Rintaro Kinoshita; Elias De Melo Viginio Filho; Peter Lehner; Alain Albrecht. 2019. "Supplementary material to "Soil andic properties as powerful factors explaining deep soil organic carbon stocks distribution: the case of a coffee agroforestry plantation on Andosols in Costa Rica"." , no. : 1.
Soil organic carbon (SOC) constitutes the largest terrestrial carbon stock. Both distribution and variation of SOC stocks are needed to constitute reference baseline for studies on temporal SOC change. Specifically, in volcanic areas, the spatial variation of soil andic properties usually explains the spatial variation of topsoil SOC contents, but SOC data for deeper soil layers are needed. We measured the andic properties (e.g. pyrophosphate extractable aluminium and allophane contents) and SOC stocks down to 200-cm depth in a 1 km2 micro-watershed covered by Arabica coffee agroforestry in Costa Rica. We used diffuse reflectance mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy to allow a large number of soil analysis. The objectives of our study were (i) to evaluate MIRS as a low-cost and rapid tool to measure andic properties and SOC in Andosols and (ii) to predict the level of SOC stocks down to 200-cm depth.
Tiphaine Chevallier; Kenji Fujisaki; Olivier Roupsard; Florian Guidat; Rintaro Kinoshita; Elias De Melo Viginio Filho; Peter Lehner; Alain Albrecht. Soil andic properties as powerful factors explaining deep soil organic carbon stocks distribution: the case of a coffee agroforestry plantation on Andosols in Costa Rica. 2019, 2019, 1 -34.
AMA StyleTiphaine Chevallier, Kenji Fujisaki, Olivier Roupsard, Florian Guidat, Rintaro Kinoshita, Elias De Melo Viginio Filho, Peter Lehner, Alain Albrecht. Soil andic properties as powerful factors explaining deep soil organic carbon stocks distribution: the case of a coffee agroforestry plantation on Andosols in Costa Rica. . 2019; 2019 ():1-34.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiphaine Chevallier; Kenji Fujisaki; Olivier Roupsard; Florian Guidat; Rintaro Kinoshita; Elias De Melo Viginio Filho; Peter Lehner; Alain Albrecht. 2019. "Soil andic properties as powerful factors explaining deep soil organic carbon stocks distribution: the case of a coffee agroforestry plantation on Andosols in Costa Rica." 2019, no. : 1-34.
Land management and global warming affect the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) and nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). The effects depend on the type of SOM and on the temperature sensitivity of the SOM mineralization. There is insufficient data on tropical soils, which generally have low nutrient availability, to be able to predict the changes in SOM dynamics and, particularly, N and P availability with global warming. We studied at field scale, the influence of two land management systems, agroforestry (AGF) and traditional slash and burn agriculture (SB) on total carbon (C), available P and total N stocks in the 0–30 cm horizon of a Ferralsol in Madagascar. The soil under AGF stored more C and available P than the soil under SB. There was no clear difference for total N. A soil incubation laboratory experiment tested the effect on SOM mineralization of three factors: (i) land management (AGF or SB), (ii) increasing the temperature from 25 °C to 35 °C, and (iii) adding farmyard manure (FYM). The mineralization was assessed by measurements of microbial soil respiration (CO2), available P (resin P) and total mineral N over a 59 day soil incubation experiment at 25 °C and 35 °C with or without FYM. During incubation, the soil respiration was higher for AGF than for SB but it was slightly less temperature sensitive for AGF (Q10 = 1.2) than for SB (Q10 = 1.4). The incubation temperature did not have a clear effect on the available P for either AGF or SB, suggesting that temperature did not affect P-fixation processes in the Ferralsol studied which had a high P sorption capacity. The temperature sensitivity of N mineralization was quite high in both systems (Q10 = 3.4 after 42 days of incubation). The nutrient cycling processes (immobilization, mineralization) were faster at the higher temperature. Adding FYM increased slightly SOM mineralization and available P and mineral N, although exchange reactions in the Ferralsol limited P availability. Adding FYM modified the temperature sensitivity of SOM mineralization. It increased the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration, especially for AGF, but seemed to decrease the temperature sensitivity of N mineralization. Land use and management of Ferralsols affected the temperature sensitivity of SOM and nutrient dynamics and, in AGF soils, SOM seemed to be less temperature sensitive and have higher levels of nutrients.
Andry Andriamananjara; Tiphaine Chevallier; Dominique Masse; Herintsitohaina Razakamanarivo; Tantely Razafimbelo. Land management modifies the temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics in a Ferralsol. Applied Soil Ecology 2019, 138, 112 -122.
AMA StyleAndry Andriamananjara, Tiphaine Chevallier, Dominique Masse, Herintsitohaina Razakamanarivo, Tantely Razafimbelo. Land management modifies the temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics in a Ferralsol. Applied Soil Ecology. 2019; 138 ():112-122.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndry Andriamananjara; Tiphaine Chevallier; Dominique Masse; Herintsitohaina Razakamanarivo; Tantely Razafimbelo. 2019. "Land management modifies the temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics in a Ferralsol." Applied Soil Ecology 138, no. : 112-122.
The aim of this study was to assess how soil organic C (SOC) stocks and earthworm communities were modified in agroforestry systems compared to treeless control plots and within the agroforestry plots (tree rows vs alleys). We used a network of 13 silvoarable agroforestry sites in France along a north/south gradient. Total earthworm abundance and biomass were significantly higher in the tree rows than those in the control plots, but were not modified in the alleys compared to those in the control plots. Earthworm species richness, Shannon index, and species evenness were significantly higher in the tree rows than those in the alleys. Total abundance of epigeic, epi-anecic, strict anecic, and endogeic was higher in the tree rows. Surprisingly, earthworm individual weight was significantly lower in the tree rows than that in the alleys and in the control plots. SOC stocks were significantly higher in the tree rows compared to that in the control plots across all sites. Despite higher SOC stocks in the tree rows, the amount of available C per earthworm individual was lower compared to those in the control. The absence of disturbance (no tillage, no fertilizers, no pesticides) in the tree rows rather than increased SOC stocks therefore seems to be the main factor explaining the increased total abundance, biomass, and diversity of earthworms. The observed differences in earthworm communities between tree rows and alleys may lead to modified and spatially structured SOC dynamics within agroforestry plots.
Rémi Cardinael; Kevin Hoeffner; Claire Chenu; Tiphaine Chevallier; Camille Béral; Antoine Dewisme; Daniel Cluzeau. Spatial variation of earthworm communities and soil organic carbon in temperate agroforestry. Biology and Fertility of Soils 2018, 55, 171 -183.
AMA StyleRémi Cardinael, Kevin Hoeffner, Claire Chenu, Tiphaine Chevallier, Camille Béral, Antoine Dewisme, Daniel Cluzeau. Spatial variation of earthworm communities and soil organic carbon in temperate agroforestry. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 2018; 55 (2):171-183.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRémi Cardinael; Kevin Hoeffner; Claire Chenu; Tiphaine Chevallier; Camille Béral; Antoine Dewisme; Daniel Cluzeau. 2018. "Spatial variation of earthworm communities and soil organic carbon in temperate agroforestry." Biology and Fertility of Soils 55, no. 2: 171-183.
The assessment of soil quality is a scientific issue that has been widely debated in the literature for the last twenty years. We developed the Biofunctool® framework to assess soil quality based on an integrative approach that accounts for the link between the physico-chemical properties and the biological activity of soils. Biofunctool® consists in a set of twelve in-field, time- and cost-effective indicators to assess three main soil functions: carbon transformation, nutrient cycling and structure maintenance. The indicators were applied in a network of mostly rubber plantations compared with three other land uses in Thailand. We collected 1952 indicators values in 180 sampling points over a wide range of pedo-climatic and agronomic contexts in order to assess the validity of the indicators. A reliability, redundancy and sensitivity analysis was performed to validate the capacity of the set of indicators to assess the impact of land management on soil quality. The results showed the relevance and consistence of each of the twelve indicators to assess the soil functioning. Improvements are finally discussed to guide further implementation of the indicators in various contexts and build a soil quality index.
Alexis Thoumazeau; Cécile Bessou; Marie-Sophie Renevier; Jean Trap; Raphaël Marichal; Louis Mareschal; Thibaud Decaëns; Nicolas Bottinelli; Benoît Jaillard; Tiphaine Chevallier; Nopmanee Suvannang; Kannika Sajjaphan; Philippe Thaler; Frédéric Gay; Alain Brauman. Biofunctool®: a new framework to assess the impact of land management on soil quality. Part A: concept and validation of the set of indicators. Ecological Indicators 2018, 97, 100 -110.
AMA StyleAlexis Thoumazeau, Cécile Bessou, Marie-Sophie Renevier, Jean Trap, Raphaël Marichal, Louis Mareschal, Thibaud Decaëns, Nicolas Bottinelli, Benoît Jaillard, Tiphaine Chevallier, Nopmanee Suvannang, Kannika Sajjaphan, Philippe Thaler, Frédéric Gay, Alain Brauman. Biofunctool®: a new framework to assess the impact of land management on soil quality. Part A: concept and validation of the set of indicators. Ecological Indicators. 2018; 97 ():100-110.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexis Thoumazeau; Cécile Bessou; Marie-Sophie Renevier; Jean Trap; Raphaël Marichal; Louis Mareschal; Thibaud Decaëns; Nicolas Bottinelli; Benoît Jaillard; Tiphaine Chevallier; Nopmanee Suvannang; Kannika Sajjaphan; Philippe Thaler; Frédéric Gay; Alain Brauman. 2018. "Biofunctool®: a new framework to assess the impact of land management on soil quality. Part A: concept and validation of the set of indicators." Ecological Indicators 97, no. : 100-110.
Kenji Fujisaki; Tiphaine Chevallier; Lydie Lardy; Alain Albrecht; Tantely M. Razafimbelo; Dominique Masse; Yacine Badiane Ndour; Jean-Luc Chotte. Soil carbon stock changes in tropical croplands are mainly driven by carbon inputs: A synthesis. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2018, 259, 147 -158.
AMA StyleKenji Fujisaki, Tiphaine Chevallier, Lydie Lardy, Alain Albrecht, Tantely M. Razafimbelo, Dominique Masse, Yacine Badiane Ndour, Jean-Luc Chotte. Soil carbon stock changes in tropical croplands are mainly driven by carbon inputs: A synthesis. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2018; 259 ():147-158.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKenji Fujisaki; Tiphaine Chevallier; Lydie Lardy; Alain Albrecht; Tantely M. Razafimbelo; Dominique Masse; Yacine Badiane Ndour; Jean-Luc Chotte. 2018. "Soil carbon stock changes in tropical croplands are mainly driven by carbon inputs: A synthesis." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 259, no. : 147-158.
Monrawee Peerawat; Aimeric Blaud; Jean Trap; Tiphaine Chevallier; Pascal Alonso; Frederic Gay; Philippe Thaler; Aymé Spor; David Sebag; Chutinan Choosai; Nopmanee Suvannang; Kannika Sajjaphan; Alain Brauman. Rubber plantation ageing controls soil biodiversity after land conversion from cassava. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2018, 257, 92 -102.
AMA StyleMonrawee Peerawat, Aimeric Blaud, Jean Trap, Tiphaine Chevallier, Pascal Alonso, Frederic Gay, Philippe Thaler, Aymé Spor, David Sebag, Chutinan Choosai, Nopmanee Suvannang, Kannika Sajjaphan, Alain Brauman. Rubber plantation ageing controls soil biodiversity after land conversion from cassava. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2018; 257 ():92-102.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonrawee Peerawat; Aimeric Blaud; Jean Trap; Tiphaine Chevallier; Pascal Alonso; Frederic Gay; Philippe Thaler; Aymé Spor; David Sebag; Chutinan Choosai; Nopmanee Suvannang; Kannika Sajjaphan; Alain Brauman. 2018. "Rubber plantation ageing controls soil biodiversity after land conversion from cassava." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 257, no. : 92-102.