The issuance of social forestry licence and the achievement of benefits to the community in the post-licensing stage are still obstacles and difficulties for the community which is demanding the community access. The research aims to analyze the access of the community of social forestry licence holders in the pre-licence and post-licensing stages through field studies in forest community of Beringin Jaya Lampung and people’s forest plantation of Hajran Jambi qualitatively. In the pre-licence stage, the two license holder communities have the same access to all members who will be involved, information, facilitator, and government authorities. In the post-licensing stage, Beringin Jaya community has higher access to all members, facilitator, information, knowledge, government authorities, capital, technology, programs/activities of agencies and local markets, compared to Hajran community. Access to these matters is carried out by the community and facilitated by facilitator by linking the community to those who control these matters –which are not adequately provided by social forestry policies– through processes, mechanisms and social relationships. Successful facilitation of access requires networked capacity among community members and networking with other parties outside the community. The high level of access and networking capacity of community to obtain benefits from the implementation of social forestry policies must be supported by the suitability of subject-objects in granting licence at the pre-licence stage and the availability of supporting infrastructure.

Indonesia's peatlands can be considered as conflict arenas where different state projects and actors compete. The case presented here stands for a new conservation controversy. The Berbak Carbon Initiatives overlap with a settlement project, inducing struggles among different state apparatuses, transnational actors, and peasants. This article is based on a novel conceptual approach building on political ecology, politics of scale and state theory for investigating divergent and transnationalised state projects. Empirically we draw on qualitative research conducted in the province of Jambi, Sumatra. We argue that the territorial conflicts mirror the contradictory interests of different state apparatuses influenced by conservation‐oriented and development‐oriented actors in society but also by supra‐national planning institutions. In our case, the contestation becomes visible through inconsistent notions of development and property. We show how political change challenges the implementation of a forest carbon project, illustrating the high risks of mitigating climate change through offsetting.

Current debates on climate change have led to an increased demand for sustainable commodities. Serving this demand, sustainability certification schemes and eco-friendly labels have become prominent mechanisms of climate governance. Smallholder farmers in Jambi province, Indonesia, producing palm oil and rubber as the two dominant smallholder crops, are impacted by this distal demand. Zimmerer et al. (2018) suggest analyzing the potential sustainability in such a context with the multilevel smallholder telecoupling framework. Applying this framework to case studies from Jambi province, our first case reveals that smallholder certification for so-called sustainable palm oil does not necessarily influence smallholder towards more sustainable management practices. One explanation might be a discrepancy in sustainability perception between sender and receiver systems. The second case is the setup of an allegedly eco-friendly rubber plantation. The establishment of this model plantation is implemented by a transnational corporation in collaboration with a nature conservation organization, impacting the access to land for adjacent smallholders. The struggle over access to land is not only negotiated between smallholders and the corporation producing “eco-friendly” rubber but also between smallholders and big land mammals lacking access to land since the rubber plantation began to be established. We argue that the concept of sustainability as demanded by the receiving system does not mirror management practices in the sending system, even though the products reach the Global North as supposedly socially and climate-friendly. The smallholder telecoupling framework is helpful for assessing potential sustainability but can be expanded towards conflictive spillovers, second order effects, and a mismatch in sustainability perceptions in order to draw a more comprehensive picture.

Penelitian ini menganalisis keberlanjutan ekowisata di kawasan TNGGP, berdasarkan aspek sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan hidup. Pengembangan ekowisata memiliki potensi besar didalam mengentaskan kemiskinan di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu indikator keberlanjutan ekowisata ditelaah berdasarkan indikator yang tertuang dalam SDGs. salah satu cara mengukur keberhasilan ekowisata adalah dengan menerapkan SDGs. Analisis tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan (SDGs) pada kawasan ekowisata ini, dilakukan di wilayah ekowisata Situ Gunung, Desa Gede Panggrango Kecamatan Kadudampit Kabupaten Sukabumi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) pada kawasan ekowisata. Analisis keberlanjutan Ekowisata Situ Gunung menggunakan teori politik berkelanjutan dari Ian Scoones dengan menggunakan empat faktor transformasi politik berkelanjutan yaitu: Teknologi, Pasar, Negara, dan Masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriftif dan metode analytical hierarchy process (AHP) yaitu metode kualitatif bersifat numerik dari Thomas L Saati. Metode ini membandingkan kriteria dengan kriteria yang kemudian akan meghasilkan prioritas utama. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan peran masing-masing aktor memiliki kepentingan dan pandangan masing-masing terhadap SDGs. Berdasarkan AHP Masyarakat desa lebih berorientasi kepada ekonomi dalam memandang SDGs; kurangnya kolaborasi antara pengelola, masyarakat lokal, dan swasta menjadi permasalahan ekowisata Situ Gunung. Hasil prioritas aktor dengan menggunakan AHP menunjukan Kriteria Ekonomi menjadi prioritas utama dengan skor 0.55426, Kriteria Sosial 0.27016. Lingkungan 0.16904. Sedangkan Alternatif yakni; kerjasama Stakeholders 0.503, mengurangi kemiskinan 0.466, pengembangan UMKM 0.185, Infrastruktur 0.166, dan lembaga peduli lingkungan 0.101. Hasil tersebut sejalan dengan kondisi di lapangan yang membuktikan bahwa pencapaian di bidang lingkungan masih kurang dilakukan dan diprioritaskan oleh para aktor.

Community-based ecotourism is a rural development through a tourism sector that not only sell natural resources but also contributes to environmental conservation and the active participation of communities as managers. The religious ecotourism of Kampung Batusuhunan is tourism that prioritizes the conservation of the environment by combining religious culture and the community's participation. The objective of this reseach is to analyze the relationship of community participation with the sustainability of ecology, socio-cultural and economic used quantitative research methods supported by qualitative data. The results of the research showed there is a strong and significant relationship between community participation with socio-cultural sustainability, while community participation with ecology and economic sustainability shows a moderate and significant correlation. Keywords : community’s empowerment, co-management, ecotourism, sustainability ABSTRAK Ekowisata berbasis masyarakat merupakan pengembangan pedesaan melalui sektor pariwisata yang tidak hanya menjual sumberdaya wisata yang masih alami, namun juga berkontribusi terhadap upaya konservasi lingkungan serta peningkatan partisipasi aktif masyarakat sebagai pengelola. Ekowisata religi Kampung Batusuhunan merupakan pariwisata yang mengedepankan konservasi lingkungan dengan memadukan kebudayaan agama serta partisipasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan partisipasi masyarakat dengan keberlanjutan ekologi, sosial-budaya dan ekonomi masyarakat dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif yang didukung dengan data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan signifikan antara partisipasi masyarakat dengan keberlanjutan sosial-budaya, sedangkan partisipasi masyarakat dengan keberlanjutan ekologi dan keberlanjutan ekonomi menunjukkan hubungan yang cukup dan signifikan. Kata Kunci : ekowisata, keberlanjutan, pengelolaan, pemberdayaan masyarakat

Bandung Regency Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2020 regarding the development of 100 tourism villages does not explicitly regulate the governance mechanism of tourism villages. Effective governance requires the involvement of individuals as local creators who are capable of initiating and sustaining tourism village management. This study aims to identify the qualities of local creators in driving tourism village governance and determining the sustainability of tourism village communities in Bandung Regency. This research employs a qualitative approach using primary data through observation, interviews, and focus group discussions, as well as secondary data obtained from village records. The informants consist of 23 individuals analyzed at the individual level. Data analysis includes the stages of data reduction, data display, verification, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that local initiators with strong leadership, education, experience, capacity, and innovative initiatives serve as local creators capable of mobilizing tourism village governance mechanisms. They operate through penta-helix collaboration, role-sharing dialogues, and profit distribution to ensure community sustainability. Community sustainability is marked by regional and national achievements based on indicators such as increasing tourist numbers, economic gains, and culturally and environmentally based development. Local creators and governance structures interact dynamically to ensure the long-term sustainability of tourism village communities. In conclusion, competent local creators act as key agents in driving adaptive and transformative governance mechanisms that ensure the sustainability of rural tourism communities in Bandung Regency.