Se estudia la distribución espacial de los usos del territorio y de pérdida de suelo en la subcuenca hidrográfica del Oued Ourtza (Pre-Rif Oriental, Marruecos) entre los años 2000 y 2014. Para ello, se ha recurrido a información extraída de imágenes de satélite, el empleo de la ecuación universal de pérdida de suelo en su versión adaptada a las condiciones mediterráneas (RUSLE) y el correspondiente tratamiento mediante herramientas SIG. Las cartografías resultantes denotan la sustitución de los cultivos tradicionales de cereal por otros arbóreos y un importante abandono de las tierras (36,8%). Las pérdidas de suelo son bastante altas (40 t·ha-1·año-1), muy por encima de su tolerancia, aunque están cercanas a las tasas de ablación registradas en otras áreas del entorno mediterráneo y el Rif marroquí. Estas pérdidas se distribuyen desigualmente, correspondiendo las tasas más elevadas con las tierras no cultivadas o abandonadas (>80 t·ha-1 ·año-1) cuya extensión sigue aumentando, sobre todo, en los tramos medio y bajo de la subcuenca donde dominan los materiales lábiles.

The objective of this work is to analyze the hydrodynamic and erosive behavior of soils in the wadi Sra catchment (Central Rif -Morocco) using a mini ramp rain simulator on micro-plots of 1 m2. The plots were selected on vertisols with a slope (between 17 and 33%), considering four types of land...

The forest landscape of the lower valley of Wadi Tamri is a geographical space composed of interaction and perpetual dynamics elements. The degradation observed in the past results from often inadequate silvopastoral practices. Nevertheless, a light of hope for the future of this forest currently lies in the existence of the natural regeneration of the Argan and Thuya trees, the effect of the agricultural abandonment on the slopes following the rural exodus, the development of the forestry capital by the State and the impact of good management practices of natural resources adopted by the local population itself. To examine the dynamics of the forester landscape, we have prospected dozens of plots in the Argan and Thuya zones. In this sample, we counted the natural seedlings, conducted floristic surveys, and briefly described various ecological and geomorphological variables. Then, we developed a statistical database to spatialize and quantify this phenomenon with cartographic tools (GIS). The analysis of these dynamics highlighted the factors of installing young seedlings with all the necessary explanations. The results have clearly shown that the most significant families in this landscape include the Asteraceae and Fabaceae (13%), with the Lamiaceae (10%) following closely. Additionally, the Euphorbiaceae, Solanaceae, Cistaceae, and Anacardiaceae contribute the same percentage (5%). The remaining 18 families each constitute only 3%. Regeneration of young Argan and Thuya trees from seedlings displays varied morphologies, influenced by age and grazing effects, often accompanied by nursery plants. Rocks and blocks serve as significant shelters for seedling germination. Meanwhile, topographic analysis highlights the impact of differing slope gradients for this seedlings. Argan and Thuya seedlings both presents the highest percentage (40% and 50%) observed on mid-slopes and upper slopes. Notable presence of seedlings observed on various slope exposures, especially those facing West, North, North-West, and South-West. Field sampling reveals a correlation between natural regeneration and tree cover density, emphasizing the significance of medium-dense tree cover, even in humanized landscapes, with notable regeneration observed in abandoned terraces and formerly cultivated land in Thuya unit, showcasing ecosystem resilience in this region. Overall, this study offers a preliminary scientific foundation for further investigation into the natural regeneration of Argan and Thuya amidst ongoing climate change, while also serving as a cornerstone for decision-making in conserving these forest heritages.

Las montañas del nordeste del Medio Atlas marroquí constituyen una zona frágil y aislada, donde la población presenta precarias condiciones de vida. Desde el punto de vista natural y cultural, ocupan un lugar relevante en el conjunto de las montañas marroquíes al contar con recursos territoriales y patrimoniales. El turismo constituye una alternativa viable para activar el desarrollo económico y social. En este artículo se plantean las luces y las sombras que tendría la puesta en marcha de actividades propias del turismo, con un enfoque participativo y descentralizado.