For remote structures in military applications located in high mountains and outlying islands, the configuration of isolated microgrids constructed in these locations is highly important. To denote oxygen generation/seawater desalination devices and military battery packs in practical applications, shiftable load models and mobile energy storage models are used. A multiobjective optimization model, including the annual system cost, demand shortage rate, and the ratio of diesel energy supply, is constructed for configuration design. This model is solved using the improved preference-incentive coevolution algorithm (PICEA-ng) presented in this paper. Based on practical data and numerical simulation, the utilization strategy in terms of lost time and output power for mobile energy storage, stationary energy storage, diesel generators, and shiftable loads are generated and validated. Finally, the operational performance of the shiftable load and mobile energy storage over the entire microgrid system is analyzed and discussed.

This study investigates a multimodal green logistics network design problem of urban agglomeration with stochastic demand, in which different logistics authorities among the different cities jointly optimize the logistics node configurations and uniform carbon taxes over logistics transport modes to maximize the total social welfare of urban agglomeration and consider logistics users’ choice behaviors. The users’ choice behaviors are captured by a logit-based stochastic equilibrium model. To describe the game behaviors of logistics authorities in urban agglomeration, the problem is formulated as two nonlinear bilevel programming models, namely, independent and centralized decision models. Next, a quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) embedded with a Method of Successive Averages (MSA) is presented to solve the proposed models. Simulation results show that to achieve the overall optimization layout of the green logistics network in urban agglomeration the logistics authorities should adopt centralized decisions, construct a multimode logistics network, and make a reasonable carbon tax.