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In the current study, an ethyl acetate extract from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. SPH2 isolated from the stem parts of the endemic plant Bethencourtia palmensis was screened for its biocontrol properties against plant pathogens (Fusarium moniliforme, Alternaria alternata , and Botrytis cinerea), insect pests (Spodoptera littoralis, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi), plant parasites (Meloidogyne javanica), and ticks (Hyalomma lusitanicum). SPH2 gave extracts with strong fungicidal and ixodicidal effects at different fermentation times. The bioguided isolation of these extracts gave compounds 1–3. Mellein (1) showed strong ixodicidal effects and was also fungicidal. This is the first report on the ixodicidal effects of 1. Neoaspergillic acid (2) showed potent antifungal effects. Compound 2 appeared during the exponential phase of the fungal growth while neohydroxyaspergillic acid (3) appeared during the stationary phase, suggesting that 2 is the biosynthetic precursor of 3. The mycotoxin ochratoxin A was not detected under the fermentation conditions used in this work. Therefore, SPH2 could be a potential biotechnological tool for the production of ixodicidal extracts rich in mellein.
Viridiana Morales-Sánchez; Carmen E. Díaz; Elena Trujillo; Sonia A. Olmeda; Felix Valcarcel; Rubén Muñoz; María Fe Andrés; Azucena González-Coloma. Bioactive Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus sp. SPH2. Journal of Fungi 2021, 7, 109 .
AMA StyleViridiana Morales-Sánchez, Carmen E. Díaz, Elena Trujillo, Sonia A. Olmeda, Felix Valcarcel, Rubén Muñoz, María Fe Andrés, Azucena González-Coloma. Bioactive Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus sp. SPH2. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7 (2):109.
Chicago/Turabian StyleViridiana Morales-Sánchez; Carmen E. Díaz; Elena Trujillo; Sonia A. Olmeda; Felix Valcarcel; Rubén Muñoz; María Fe Andrés; Azucena González-Coloma. 2021. "Bioactive Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus sp. SPH2." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 2: 109.
Coxiella burnetii (Derrick) Philip, the causative agent of Q fever, is mainly transmitted by aerosols, but ticks can also be a source of infection. Transstadial and transovarial transmission of C. burnetii by Hyalomma lusitanicum (Koch) has been suggested. There is a close relationship between this tick species, wild animals and C. burnetii but the transmission in a natural environment has not been demonstrated. In this study, we collected 80 engorged nymphs of H. lusitanicum from red deer and wild rabbits. They moult to adults under laboratory conditions and we feed them artificially through silicone membranes after a preconditioning period. C. burnetii DNA was tested in ticks, blood and faeces samples using real-time PCR. The pathogen was found in 36.2% of fed adults, demonstrating that transstadial transmission from nymph to adult occurs in nature. The presence of DNA in the 60.0% of blood samples after artificial feeding confirms that adults transmit the bacteria during feeding. Further studies are needed about co-feeding and other possible transmission routes to define the role of this tick species in the cycle of C. burnetii.
Julia González; Marta G. González; Félix Valcárcel; María Sánchez; Raquel Martín-Hernández; José M. Tercero; A. Sonia Olmeda. Transstadial Transmission from Nymph to Adult of Coxiella burnetii by Naturally Infected Hyalomma lusitanicum. Pathogens 2020, 9, 884 .
AMA StyleJulia González, Marta G. González, Félix Valcárcel, María Sánchez, Raquel Martín-Hernández, José M. Tercero, A. Sonia Olmeda. Transstadial Transmission from Nymph to Adult of Coxiella burnetii by Naturally Infected Hyalomma lusitanicum. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (11):884.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulia González; Marta G. González; Félix Valcárcel; María Sánchez; Raquel Martín-Hernández; José M. Tercero; A. Sonia Olmeda. 2020. "Transstadial Transmission from Nymph to Adult of Coxiella burnetii by Naturally Infected Hyalomma lusitanicum." Pathogens 9, no. 11: 884.
Coxiella burnetii (Derrick) Philip, the causative agent of Q fever, is mainly transmitted by aerosols, but ticks can also be a source of infection. Transstadial and transovarical transmission of C. burnetii by Hyalomma lusitanicum (Koch) has been suggested. There is a close relationship between this tick species, wild animals and C. burnetii but the transmission in a natural environment has not been demonstrated. In this study, we collected 80 engorged nymphs of H. lusitanicum from red deer and wild rabbits. They molt to adults under laboratory conditions and we feed them artificially through silicone membranes after a preconditioning period. C. burnetii DNA was tested in ticks, blood and feces samples using real-time PCR. The pathogen was found in 36.25% of fed adults demonstrating that transstadial transmission from nymph to adult occurs in nature. The presence of DNA in the 60% of blood samples confirms that adults transmit the bacteria during feeding. Further studied are needed about co-feeding and other possible transmission routes to define the role of this tick species in the cycle of C. burnetii.
Julia González; Marta G. González; Félix Valcárcel; María Sánchez; Raquel Martín-Hernández; A. Sonia Olmeda. Transstadial Transmission from Nymph to Adult of Coxiella burnetii by Naturally Infected Hyalomma lusitanicum. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleJulia González, Marta G. González, Félix Valcárcel, María Sánchez, Raquel Martín-Hernández, A. Sonia Olmeda. Transstadial Transmission from Nymph to Adult of Coxiella burnetii by Naturally Infected Hyalomma lusitanicum. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulia González; Marta G. González; Félix Valcárcel; María Sánchez; Raquel Martín-Hernández; A. Sonia Olmeda. 2020. "Transstadial Transmission from Nymph to Adult of Coxiella burnetii by Naturally Infected Hyalomma lusitanicum." , no. : 1.
The genus Hyalomma belongs to the Ixodidae family and includes many tick species. Most species in this genus are African species, but two of them, Hyalomma lusitanicum and Hyalomma marginatum, are also found in Europe and, owing to their morphological similarity, it is very difficult to tell them apart. This is a major concern because their phenology and vector capacities are quite different. Moreover, they share many habitats and both are currently spreading to new areas, probably due to climate change and animal/human movements. In this study, we review the described ecology of the two species and provide further interesting data on H. lusitanicum based on the authors’ experience, which could be useful in assessing the risk they pose to humans and animals.
Félix Valcárcel; Julia González; Marta Gonzalez; María Sánchez; José María Tercero; Latifa Elhachimi; Juan D. Carbonell; A. Sonia Olmeda. Comparative Ecology of Hyalomma lusitanicum and Hyalomma marginatum Koch, 1844 (Acarina: Ixodidae). Insects 2020, 11, 303 .
AMA StyleFélix Valcárcel, Julia González, Marta Gonzalez, María Sánchez, José María Tercero, Latifa Elhachimi, Juan D. Carbonell, A. Sonia Olmeda. Comparative Ecology of Hyalomma lusitanicum and Hyalomma marginatum Koch, 1844 (Acarina: Ixodidae). Insects. 2020; 11 (5):303.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFélix Valcárcel; Julia González; Marta Gonzalez; María Sánchez; José María Tercero; Latifa Elhachimi; Juan D. Carbonell; A. Sonia Olmeda. 2020. "Comparative Ecology of Hyalomma lusitanicum and Hyalomma marginatum Koch, 1844 (Acarina: Ixodidae)." Insects 11, no. 5: 303.
Naturally occurring nootkatone, with reported insecticidal and acaricidal properties, has been used as a lead to generate molecular diversity and, consequently, new insect antifeedant and ixodicidal compounds. A total of 22 derivatives were generated by subjecting this molecule to several reactions including dehydrogenation with the iodine/DMSO system, oxidation with SeO2, epoxidation with mCPBA, oxidation or carbon homologations of the α-carbonyl position with TMSOTf (trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate) followed by Rubottom and Dess Martin periodane oxidations, condensation with formaldehyde using Yb(OTf)3 as catalyst and dehydroxilation using the Grieco protocol. The insect antifeedant (against Myzus persicae and Ropaloshysum padi) and ixodicidal (against the tick Hyalomma lusitanicum) activities of these compounds were tested. Compound 20 was the most active substance against M. persicae and R. padi, and twice more efficient than nootkatone in the antitick test.
Alberto Galisteo Pretel; Helena Pérez Del Pulgar; A. Sonia Olmeda; Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma; Alejandro F. Barrero; Jose Francisco Quilez Del Moral; José Quílez Del Moral. Novel Insect Antifeedant and Ixodicidal Nootkatone Derivatives. Biomolecules 2019, 9, 742 .
AMA StyleAlberto Galisteo Pretel, Helena Pérez Del Pulgar, A. Sonia Olmeda, Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma, Alejandro F. Barrero, Jose Francisco Quilez Del Moral, José Quílez Del Moral. Novel Insect Antifeedant and Ixodicidal Nootkatone Derivatives. Biomolecules. 2019; 9 (11):742.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlberto Galisteo Pretel; Helena Pérez Del Pulgar; A. Sonia Olmeda; Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma; Alejandro F. Barrero; Jose Francisco Quilez Del Moral; José Quílez Del Moral. 2019. "Novel Insect Antifeedant and Ixodicidal Nootkatone Derivatives." Biomolecules 9, no. 11: 742.
Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii (Derrick) Philip. It is a major cause of abortion among sheep and may be responsible for reproductive losses in red deer in Spain. Airborne transmission is the most widespread; however, some studies suggested that ticks may play a role, but little is known about their actual involvement in the C. burnetii cycle. The aim of this study was to determine the role that Hyalomma lusitanicum (Koch) tick plays in the maintenance of this agent among wildlife in the meso-Mediterranean areas. We processed by PCR 53 swabs from wild rabbits, 21 liver samples from red deer, and 236 ticks collected at different stages. Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected in 43.40% of wild rabbits and 38.09% of red deer, supporting the hypothesis that these animals are quite likely to serve as a reservoir in the field. We also found a high prevalence of C. burnetii in ticks (55.66%). It is worth noting that 50.45% of positive ticks were collected from negative hosts, suggesting that the pathogen probably was acquired at a previous tick stage. Our results suggest transstadial transmission, and the presence of bacterial DNA in the offspring of positive female ticks is the first evidence of the transovarial transmission of C. burnetii by H. lusitanicum. Thus, this tick species seems to play an important role as a bridge of infection in the wildlife cycle, although further studies are needed to confirm vector competence.
Julia González; Marta Gonzalez; Félix Valcárcel; Maria Sánchez; Raquel Martín-Hernández; José María Tercero; A. Sonia Olmeda. Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii (Legionellales: Coxiellaceae) Infection Among Wildlife Species and the Tick Hyalomma lusitanicum (Acari: Ixodidae) in a Meso-Mediterranean Ecosystem. Journal of Medical Entomology 2019, 57, 551 -556.
AMA StyleJulia González, Marta Gonzalez, Félix Valcárcel, Maria Sánchez, Raquel Martín-Hernández, José María Tercero, A. Sonia Olmeda. Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii (Legionellales: Coxiellaceae) Infection Among Wildlife Species and the Tick Hyalomma lusitanicum (Acari: Ixodidae) in a Meso-Mediterranean Ecosystem. Journal of Medical Entomology. 2019; 57 (2):551-556.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulia González; Marta Gonzalez; Félix Valcárcel; Maria Sánchez; Raquel Martín-Hernández; José María Tercero; A. Sonia Olmeda. 2019. "Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii (Legionellales: Coxiellaceae) Infection Among Wildlife Species and the Tick Hyalomma lusitanicum (Acari: Ixodidae) in a Meso-Mediterranean Ecosystem." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 2: 551-556.
Currently, the use of synthetic pesticides is the main method of plant protection applied in agri- and horticulture. However, its excessive use leads to the development of pesticide resistance, a contamination of the environment, toxicity to non-target organisms, and risks for human health. With the ultimate aim of contributing to the develop of a more sustainable pest management, we used the natural product germacrone (compound 1), reported to possess significant insecticidal activity, as starting material for the generation of molecular diversity (2–24). Some of the generated derivatives are natural compounds, such as 1,10-epoxygermacrone (2), 4,5-epoxygermacrone (3), gajutsulactone A (7), germacrol (11), isogermacrone (14), 9-hydroxyeudesma-3,7(11)dien-6-one (19), eudesma-4,7(11),dien-8-one (20), eudesma-3,7(11)-dien-8-one (21) and eudesma-4(15),7(11)-dien-8-one (22). Compounds, 7,11-9,10-diepoxigermacr-4,5-en-8-ol (17), 7,11-epoxieudesma-4,7(11)-dien-8-one (23) and 7,11-epoxieudesma-3,7(11)-dien-8-one (24) are described for the first time. The biocidal activity of most of these compounds was assayed against the tick Hyalomma lusitanicum. The acaricidal effects of compound 24 were four times higher than that of germacrone (1). Compound 2 is an insect antifeedant a thousand times more potent than germacrone against Rhopalosiphum padi, which makes this substance a promising selective antifeedant against this cereal pest.
Alberto Galisteo Pretel; Helena Pérez Del Pulgar; Estela Guerrero De León; José Luis López-Pérez; A. Sonia Olmeda; Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma; Alejandro F. Barrero; José Francisco Quílez Del Moral; José Quílez Del Moral. Germacrone Derivatives as new Insecticidal and Acaricidal Compounds: A Structure-Activity Relationship. Molecules 2019, 24, 2898 .
AMA StyleAlberto Galisteo Pretel, Helena Pérez Del Pulgar, Estela Guerrero De León, José Luis López-Pérez, A. Sonia Olmeda, Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma, Alejandro F. Barrero, José Francisco Quílez Del Moral, José Quílez Del Moral. Germacrone Derivatives as new Insecticidal and Acaricidal Compounds: A Structure-Activity Relationship. Molecules. 2019; 24 (16):2898.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlberto Galisteo Pretel; Helena Pérez Del Pulgar; Estela Guerrero De León; José Luis López-Pérez; A. Sonia Olmeda; Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma; Alejandro F. Barrero; José Francisco Quílez Del Moral; José Quílez Del Moral. 2019. "Germacrone Derivatives as new Insecticidal and Acaricidal Compounds: A Structure-Activity Relationship." Molecules 24, no. 16: 2898.
The system I2/dimethyl sulfoxide mediates the one-step transformation of α-isopropylidene ketones into furan rings following a biomimetic approach. This methodology has been used for the synthesis of terpene furans such as mintfurane, curzerene, atractylon, and isoatractylon, all of them possessing interesting biological activities. The synthesis of linderazulene directly from 4,5-epoxygermacrone via a cascade reaction shows the potential of this protocol. Additionally, this compound proved to show significant ixodicidal activity.
Jonida Salihila; Lúcia Silva; Helena Pérez Del Pulgar; Ana Quílez Molina; Azucena González-Coloma; A. Sonia Olmeda; José F. Quilez Del Moral; Alejandro F. Barrero. One-Step Synthesis of Furan Rings from α-Isopropylidene Ketones Mediated by Iodine/DMSO: An Approach to Potent Bioactive Terpenes. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 2019, 84, 6886 -6894.
AMA StyleJonida Salihila, Lúcia Silva, Helena Pérez Del Pulgar, Ana Quílez Molina, Azucena González-Coloma, A. Sonia Olmeda, José F. Quilez Del Moral, Alejandro F. Barrero. One-Step Synthesis of Furan Rings from α-Isopropylidene Ketones Mediated by Iodine/DMSO: An Approach to Potent Bioactive Terpenes. The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 2019; 84 (11):6886-6894.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJonida Salihila; Lúcia Silva; Helena Pérez Del Pulgar; Ana Quílez Molina; Azucena González-Coloma; A. Sonia Olmeda; José F. Quilez Del Moral; Alejandro F. Barrero. 2019. "One-Step Synthesis of Furan Rings from α-Isopropylidene Ketones Mediated by Iodine/DMSO: An Approach to Potent Bioactive Terpenes." The Journal of Organic Chemistry 84, no. 11: 6886-6894.
Cantharidin (CTD) is a toxic monoterpene produced by blister beetles (Fam. Meloidae) as a chemical defense against predators. Although CTD is highly poisonous to many predator species, some have evolved the ability to feed on poisonous Meloidae, or otherwise beneficially use blister beetles. Great Bustards, Otis tarda, eat CTD-containing Berberomeloe majalis blister beetles, and it has been hypothesized that beetle consumption by these birds reduces parasite load (a case of self-medication). We examined this hypothesis by testing diverse organisms against CTD and extracts of B. majalis hemolymph and bodies. Our results show that all three preparations (CTD and extracts of B. majalis) were toxic to a protozoan (Trichomonas vaginalis), a nematode (Meloidogyne javanica), two insects (Myzus persicae and Rhopalosiphum padi) and a tick (Hyalomma lusitanicum). This not only supports the anti-parasitic hypothesis for beetle consumption, but suggests potential new roles for CTD, under certain conditions.
Douglas W. Whitman; Maria Fe Andrés; Rafael A. Martínez-Díaz; Alexandra Ibáñez-Escribano; A. Sonia Olmeda; Azucena González-Coloma; Martínez- Díaz; Ibáñez- Escribano; González- Coloma. Antiparasitic Properties of Cantharidin and the Blister Beetle Berberomeloe majalis (Coleoptera: Meloidae). Toxins 2019, 11, 234 .
AMA StyleDouglas W. Whitman, Maria Fe Andrés, Rafael A. Martínez-Díaz, Alexandra Ibáñez-Escribano, A. Sonia Olmeda, Azucena González-Coloma, Martínez- Díaz, Ibáñez- Escribano, González- Coloma. Antiparasitic Properties of Cantharidin and the Blister Beetle Berberomeloe majalis (Coleoptera: Meloidae). Toxins. 2019; 11 (4):234.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDouglas W. Whitman; Maria Fe Andrés; Rafael A. Martínez-Díaz; Alexandra Ibáñez-Escribano; A. Sonia Olmeda; Azucena González-Coloma; Martínez- Díaz; Ibáñez- Escribano; González- Coloma. 2019. "Antiparasitic Properties of Cantharidin and the Blister Beetle Berberomeloe majalis (Coleoptera: Meloidae)." Toxins 11, no. 4: 234.
Spirocerca lupi Rudolphi 1809 (Nematoda Spirocercidae) has an indirect cycle involving intermediate and paratenic hosts, having domestic or wild canids as the main definitive hosts. The most frequent pathology affecting dogs is a granulomatous tumor-like growth containing adults in the oesophagus and aorta. There are very few references about the presence of nodules in the stomach. There is scant information about the epidemiology of this disease in wild red foxes in meso-Mediterranean areas. In this work we report on the natural infection of wild red foxes by Spirocerca lupi and the damage produced in the stomach wall in an area where contact with other potential definitive hosts (canids) is very rare. From July 2015 to November 2016, 61 red foxes were sampled. 18.03% of the stomach walls examined had nodules containing Spirocerca lupi adults and eggs. The prevalence of infection was similar for young and adult groups (23.81 and 18.18%; χ2 = 0.25; df = 1; P = 0.6171) and it was higher in females than in males (25.81 versus 10.00%, χ2 = 2.58; df = 1; P = 0.1082). The red fox population in the area seems to be well established judging from their age distribution and the fact that they could be captured all year round. It would appear that in the absence of other main definitive host S. lupi population is able to survive just parasitizing red foxes. Pathologic effects of this parasite on red foxes seems to show some differences related to domestic dogs. These results also indicates as predator control programs can maintain suitable host populations with reduced level of infection.
F. Valcárcel; J. González; A. Aguilar; Maria Sanchez; Marta Gonzalez; R. Suárez; A.M. Tercero; J.M. Nieto; A.M. González-Guirado; A. Sonia Olmeda. Spirocercosis in red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in a natural reserve located in a meso-Mediterranean area. Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports 2018, 13, 115 -119.
AMA StyleF. Valcárcel, J. González, A. Aguilar, Maria Sanchez, Marta Gonzalez, R. Suárez, A.M. Tercero, J.M. Nieto, A.M. González-Guirado, A. Sonia Olmeda. Spirocercosis in red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in a natural reserve located in a meso-Mediterranean area. Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports. 2018; 13 ():115-119.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Valcárcel; J. González; A. Aguilar; Maria Sanchez; Marta Gonzalez; R. Suárez; A.M. Tercero; J.M. Nieto; A.M. González-Guirado; A. Sonia Olmeda. 2018. "Spirocercosis in red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in a natural reserve located in a meso-Mediterranean area." Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports 13, no. : 115-119.
Juliana Navarro-Rocha; Alejandro F. Barrero; Jesús Burillo; A. Sonia Olmeda; Azucena González-Coloma. Valorization of essential oils from two populations (wild and commercial) of Geranium macrorrhizum L. Industrial Crops and Products 2018, 116, 41 -45.
AMA StyleJuliana Navarro-Rocha, Alejandro F. Barrero, Jesús Burillo, A. Sonia Olmeda, Azucena González-Coloma. Valorization of essential oils from two populations (wild and commercial) of Geranium macrorrhizum L. Industrial Crops and Products. 2018; 116 ():41-45.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuliana Navarro-Rocha; Alejandro F. Barrero; Jesús Burillo; A. Sonia Olmeda; Azucena González-Coloma. 2018. "Valorization of essential oils from two populations (wild and commercial) of Geranium macrorrhizum L." Industrial Crops and Products 116, no. : 41-45.
Piroplasmosis is caused by several species of protozoa such as the Babesia microti-like piroplasm (Bml), an emerging blood protozoan also known as Theileria annae or Babesia vulpes. Infection by Bml was first reported in dogs in Spain where it is endemic today. Recently, a high prevalence of Bml has been increasingly detected in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in European countries. The objective of this study was to determine infection levels of this parasite in foxes from Galicia, NW Spain, and ticks species infestation in these carnivores, where they are so far unknown. Samples of blood, spleen and ticks (if present) were taken from 237 hunted red foxes in the Galicia region. Blood smears were prepared for direct parasite observation, and spleen and tick samples were examined by nested PCR. Prevalences of Bml infection in Galician red foxes were estimated at 72% (171/237) by PCR and 38.23% (26/68) by direct observation. Among 837 ticks collected, the main tick identified was Ixodes hexagonus (present in 82.4% of the foxes) followed by Ixodes ricinus (12.3%), Dermacentor reticulatus (12.3%) and Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (3.5%). From 34 foxes testing positive for Bml, 616 ticks were collected: positive Bml PCR results were obtained in 55.6% (227/408) of ticks collected from 9 foxes, while the 208 ticks from the remaining 25 infected foxes returned negative PCR results. Given that canine piroplasmosis is endemic in this area, our observations point to the red fox as the main reservoir for Bml infection and the high proportion of I. hexagonus among ticks collected from red foxes suggests its likely role as vectors of B. microti-like piroplasm in this region. Further studies are needed for a better understanding of the link between the wild and domestic life cycles of this piroplasm.
Rocío Checa; Ana María López-Beceiro; Ana Montoya; Juan Pedro Barrera; Nieves Ortega; Rosa Gálvez; Valentina Marino; Julia González; Ángeles Sonia Olmeda; Luis Eusebio Fidalgo; Guadalupe Miró. Babesia microti-like piroplasm (syn. Babesia vulpes) infection in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in NW Spain (Galicia) and its relationship with Ixodes hexagonus. Veterinary Parasitology 2018, 252, 22 -28.
AMA StyleRocío Checa, Ana María López-Beceiro, Ana Montoya, Juan Pedro Barrera, Nieves Ortega, Rosa Gálvez, Valentina Marino, Julia González, Ángeles Sonia Olmeda, Luis Eusebio Fidalgo, Guadalupe Miró. Babesia microti-like piroplasm (syn. Babesia vulpes) infection in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in NW Spain (Galicia) and its relationship with Ixodes hexagonus. Veterinary Parasitology. 2018; 252 ():22-28.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRocío Checa; Ana María López-Beceiro; Ana Montoya; Juan Pedro Barrera; Nieves Ortega; Rosa Gálvez; Valentina Marino; Julia González; Ángeles Sonia Olmeda; Luis Eusebio Fidalgo; Guadalupe Miró. 2018. "Babesia microti-like piroplasm (syn. Babesia vulpes) infection in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in NW Spain (Galicia) and its relationship with Ixodes hexagonus." Veterinary Parasitology 252, no. : 22-28.
Tick abundance depends heavily on host density, so reducing access to the host should reduce tick populations in a determined area. In this study we compared the Parasitic Index (PI = average number of ticks per rabbit) of two wild rabbit populations separated 16 years ago by a fence keeping ungulates from moving freely. Two areas were selected (closed and open) wherein 50 wild rabbits per area were sampled for ticks. The PI in the open area (PI = 989.62) was significantly higher than in the closed area (PI = 515.40). Hyalomma lusitanicum Koch was globally the most abundant species, followed by Rhipicephalus pusillus Gil Collado, Rhipicephalus bursa Canestrini and Fanzago, Haemaphysalis hispanica Gil Collado, Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. Latreille and Ixodes ventalloi Gil Collado. Differences between areas varied depending on the species. The number of H. hispanica, R. bursa and R. pusillus were significantly more abundant on rabbits in the closed area, whereas H. lusitanicum predominated in the open area. Ungulates in the open area may have played an important role as the main or alternative host for ticks and/or drawing some tick species away from rabbits. In the closed area other reasons such as inter-specific competition could have influenced the tick abundance. These results show a clear reduction in tick abundance for at least 16 years as well as influenced species distribution.
F. Valcárcel; J. González; J. M. Tercero-Jaime; A. S. Olmeda. The effect of excluding ungulates on the abundance of ixodid ticks on wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Experimental and Applied Acarology 2017, 72, 439 -447.
AMA StyleF. Valcárcel, J. González, J. M. Tercero-Jaime, A. S. Olmeda. The effect of excluding ungulates on the abundance of ixodid ticks on wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Experimental and Applied Acarology. 2017; 72 (4):439-447.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Valcárcel; J. González; J. M. Tercero-Jaime; A. S. Olmeda. 2017. "The effect of excluding ungulates on the abundance of ixodid ticks on wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)." Experimental and Applied Acarology 72, no. 4: 439-447.
In vitro feeding of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) is an important means to study the biology of ticks and their vectorial capacity. Here, we have adapted the tick Hyalomma lusitanicum Koch to previously published silicone-based membranes for in vitro feeding. For comparison purposes data on pre-oviposition, oviposition and hatching from females engorged on animals were used. A total of 68 engorged females out of 169 were obtained; feeding duration and feeding behaviour were similar to that of ticks on live host animals, although the final weight achieved for membrane-fed ticks was lower than that of their animal-fed counterparts. Comparison of the time taken for egg production and hatching showed that pre-oviposition was faster for membrane-fed ticks (16 days) than for animal-fed ticks (36 days), whereas the duration of oviposition–hatching was the same for the two feeding methods (34 days). We also observed that seasonality has an influence on tick feeding success: the conditions in Spring/Summer accelerated the tick life cycle. It is concluded that relatively large numbers of homogeneous laboratory-raised Hyalomma ticks can be produced without feeding them on experimental animals.
J. González; F. Valcárcel; A. Aguilar; A. Sonia Olmeda. In vitro feeding of Hyalomma lusitanicum ticks on artificial membranes. Experimental and Applied Acarology 2017, 72, 449 -459.
AMA StyleJ. González, F. Valcárcel, A. Aguilar, A. Sonia Olmeda. In vitro feeding of Hyalomma lusitanicum ticks on artificial membranes. Experimental and Applied Acarology. 2017; 72 (4):449-459.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. González; F. Valcárcel; A. Aguilar; A. Sonia Olmeda. 2017. "In vitro feeding of Hyalomma lusitanicum ticks on artificial membranes." Experimental and Applied Acarology 72, no. 4: 449-459.
Nine eremophilane sesquiterpenes 1-9, two flavonoids 11 and 12, and two known pirrolizidine alkaloids 13 and 14, were isolated from Senecio adenotrichius DC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data and by comparison with previously reported spectroscopic data of similar compounds. Compounds 5, 7 and 9 have not been previously reported as natural products. The antifeedant activity of these compounds was tested against Spodoptera litoralis and Myzus persicae. Eremophilanes 1, 3 and 8 were strong antifeedants to M. persicae, and 1 and 8 to S. littoralis. Their ixodicidal activity was tested against the tick Hyalomma lusitanicum, with eremophilanes 1, 3 and 8, being strong ixodicidal agents. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Liliana Ruiz Vasquez; A. Sonia Olmeda; Gustavo Zuñiga; Luis Villarroel; Luis Fernando Echeverri; Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma; Matías Reina. Insect Antifeedant and Ixodicidal Compounds from Senecio adenotrichius. Chemistry & Biodiversity 2016, 14, e1600155 .
AMA StyleLiliana Ruiz Vasquez, A. Sonia Olmeda, Gustavo Zuñiga, Luis Villarroel, Luis Fernando Echeverri, Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma, Matías Reina. Insect Antifeedant and Ixodicidal Compounds from Senecio adenotrichius. Chemistry & Biodiversity. 2016; 14 (1):e1600155.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiliana Ruiz Vasquez; A. Sonia Olmeda; Gustavo Zuñiga; Luis Villarroel; Luis Fernando Echeverri; Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma; Matías Reina. 2016. "Insect Antifeedant and Ixodicidal Compounds from Senecio adenotrichius." Chemistry & Biodiversity 14, no. 1: e1600155.
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease and Myxomatosis caused a decline in the rabbit population in the second half of the last century. Despite some recovery, the risk of vector-borne disease is present and thus the importance of controlling vector populations. In the current study, we describe the ixodid tick fauna in wild rabbit in a natural reserve in Ciudad Real (Central Spain) during the course of two 3-year periods (2007–2009 and 2012–2014). Of all the ticks collected on average 72.5 % were larvae, 24.4 % nymphs and 3.1 % adults, although the percentage varied monthly. Seven tick species were identified: Hyalomma lusitanicum Koch (Parasitic indicator [PI] = number of ticks per examined rabbit = 96.47), Rhipicephalus pusillus Gil Collado (PI = 47.37), Haemaphysalis hispanica Gil Collado (PI = 12.15), Ixodes ventalloi Gil Collado (PI = 0.65), R. bursa Canestrini and Fanzago (PI = 0.18), R. sanguineus Latreille (PI = 0.11), Dermacentor marginatus Sulzer (PI = 0.01). In spring and summer, most abundant were larvae of H. lusitanicum, followed by immature stages of R. pusillus and Ha. hispanica. In autumn, the main tick species were nymphs of I. ventalloi whereas in winter adults of Ha. hispanica were more numerous. Rhipicephalus pusillus was present all year long, although not always in high percentage. PI of other species (R. bursa, R. sanguineus and D. marginatus) were too low to be representative. The seasonal dynamics of ticks on wild rabbit defined in this study could be useful to design species-specific control strategies.
J. González; F. Valcárcel; J. L. Pérez-Sánchez; Jose Maria Tercero; A. Sonia Olmeda. Seasonal dynamics of ixodid ticks on wild rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus (Leporidae) from Central Spain. Experimental and Applied Acarology 2016, 70, 369 -380.
AMA StyleJ. González, F. Valcárcel, J. L. Pérez-Sánchez, Jose Maria Tercero, A. Sonia Olmeda. Seasonal dynamics of ixodid ticks on wild rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus (Leporidae) from Central Spain. Experimental and Applied Acarology. 2016; 70 (3):369-380.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. González; F. Valcárcel; J. L. Pérez-Sánchez; Jose Maria Tercero; A. Sonia Olmeda. 2016. "Seasonal dynamics of ixodid ticks on wild rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus (Leporidae) from Central Spain." Experimental and Applied Acarology 70, no. 3: 369-380.
The host represents a heterogeneous ecosystem where multiple parasite species co-occur and interact with each other for space and resources. Although these interactions may rule the features of an infracommunity and may shape the infracommunity response to external perturbations, the resilience of ectoparasite communities to new infestations remains poorly explored. We analysed the composition of the ectoparasite communities found on 214 individual Iberian ibexes (Capra pyrenaica) inhabiting the Sierra Nevada Natural Space, southern Spain. Using classification and regression trees, we explored how the presence of Sarcoptes scabiei (a highly contagious mite), the off-host environment and the host sex govern the prevalence and abundance of lice and ticks. Null model analysis was applied to assess the impact of S. scabiei on the structure of the ectoparasite communities. Our results suggest that S. scabiei infestation acts in tandem with off-host environment and host sex to define the prevalence and abundance of lice and ticks. We also provided evidence for differences in species co-occurrence only at the early stages of S. scabiei infestation. Regarding species diversity, we recorded that ectoparasite communities in scabietic ibexes reached a high richness faster than those in healthy individuals. Even though we show that ectoparasite burden is correlated with S. scabiei infestation, off-host environment and host sex, the species response to S. scabiei infestation and climate seem to be highly variable and influenced by ectoparasite life-history traits. Ectoparasite communities also appear resilient to perturbations which is in agreement with what was previously reported for endoparasites. Future refinement of sample collection and the incorporation of ecological and epidemiological-related variables may allow us to establish causal effects and deepen the knowledge about the mechanisms and consequences of ectoparasite interactions.
João Carvalho; Emmanuel Serrano; Nathalie Pettorelli; José E. Granados; Miguel A. Habela; Sonia Olmeda; Carlos Fonseca; Jesús M. Pérez. Sarcoptes scabiei infestation does not alter the stability of ectoparasite communities. Parasites & Vectors 2016, 9, 1 -11.
AMA StyleJoão Carvalho, Emmanuel Serrano, Nathalie Pettorelli, José E. Granados, Miguel A. Habela, Sonia Olmeda, Carlos Fonseca, Jesús M. Pérez. Sarcoptes scabiei infestation does not alter the stability of ectoparasite communities. Parasites & Vectors. 2016; 9 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoão Carvalho; Emmanuel Serrano; Nathalie Pettorelli; José E. Granados; Miguel A. Habela; Sonia Olmeda; Carlos Fonseca; Jesús M. Pérez. 2016. "Sarcoptes scabiei infestation does not alter the stability of ectoparasite communities." Parasites & Vectors 9, no. 1: 1-11.
Entomopathogenic fungi are widely used to control arthropods not just in agricultural settings but also in Veterinary Medicine and Public Health. These products have been employed to control tick populations and tick-borne diseases. The effectiveness of these control measures not only depends on the fungi, but also on the tick species and environmental conditions. In Mesomediterranean areas, tick species are adapted to extreme climatic conditions and it is therefore especially important to develop suitable tick control strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a new method of tick control which entails the application of a commercial strain of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo, Vuillemin) on wild rabbit burrows under field conditions. Aqueous solutions of the product were applied using a mist blower sprayer into 1,717 burrows. Two trials were performed, one in spring and the other in summer. The parasitic index (PI) was calculated for 10 rabbits per treatment per time point on day +30, +60, and +90 posttreatment and efficiency was calculated by comparing the PI for ticks in treated and untreated rabbits. A total of 20,234 ixodid ticks were collected. Hyalomma lusitanicum Koch, 1844 was the most abundant tick feeding on rabbits. Treatment significantly reduced the PI in spring (by 78.63% and 63.28% on day +30 and +60, respectively; P < 0.05), but appeared to be less effective in summer, with a marginally significant tick reduction of 35.72% on day +30 (P = 0.05). Results suggest that the efficacy of applications inside burrows could be temperature-dependent and that such applications could be an economic alternative to rabbit tick control during at least two months using a diluted solution of B. bassiana conidia.
J. González; F. Valcárcel; J. L. Pérez-Sánchez; J. M. Tercero-Jaime; M. T. Cutuli; A. S. Olmeda. Control ofHyalomma lusitanicum(Acari: Ixodidade) Ticks InfestingOryctolagus cuniculus(Lagomorpha: Leporidae) Using the Entomopathogenic FungusBeauveria bassiana(Hyocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in Field Conditions. Journal of Medical Entomology 2016, 53, 1396 -1402.
AMA StyleJ. González, F. Valcárcel, J. L. Pérez-Sánchez, J. M. Tercero-Jaime, M. T. Cutuli, A. S. Olmeda. Control ofHyalomma lusitanicum(Acari: Ixodidade) Ticks InfestingOryctolagus cuniculus(Lagomorpha: Leporidae) Using the Entomopathogenic FungusBeauveria bassiana(Hyocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in Field Conditions. Journal of Medical Entomology. 2016; 53 (6):1396-1402.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. González; F. Valcárcel; J. L. Pérez-Sánchez; J. M. Tercero-Jaime; M. T. Cutuli; A. S. Olmeda. 2016. "Control ofHyalomma lusitanicum(Acari: Ixodidade) Ticks InfestingOryctolagus cuniculus(Lagomorpha: Leporidae) Using the Entomopathogenic FungusBeauveria bassiana(Hyocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in Field Conditions." Journal of Medical Entomology 53, no. 6: 1396-1402.
The presence of Francisella species in 2134 ticks, 93 lagomorphs and 280 small mammals from the Iberian Peninsula was studied. Overall, 19 ticks and 6 lagomorphs were positive for Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, suggesting, as described for other regions, that lagomorphs may have an important role in the maintenance of F. tularensis in nature. Of the 6 positive lagomorphs, 4 were identified as the European rabbit, Oryctogalus cuniculus. Additionally, 353 ticks and 3 small mammals were PCR positive for Francisella-like endosymbionts (FLEs) and one small mammal was also positive for Francisella hispaniensis-like DNA sequences. Among FLE positive specimens, a variety of sequence types were detected: ticks were associated with 5 lpnA sequence types, with only one type identified per tick, in contrast to 2 lpnA sequence types detected in a single wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus). To our knowledge, this is the first report of FLEs in free-living small mammals as well as the first detection of F. hispaniensis-like sequences in a natural setting.This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) project: PTDC/SAU-ESA/104947/2008 and a scholarship (SFRH/BD/79225/2011); and also by the Fondo deInvestigation Sanitaria (PI10/00165) and Instituto de Salud CarlosIII (grant EM03/06).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Isabel Lopes de Carvalho; A. Toledo; Carina Carvalho; J.F. Barandika; L.B. Respicio-Kingry; C. Garcia-Amil; Ana L. Garcia-Perez; A. Sonia Olmeda; Líbia Zé-Zé; J.M. Petersen; Pedro Anda; Maria Sofia Núncio; Raquel Escudero. Francisella species in ticks and animals, Iberian Peninsula. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 2016, 7, 159 -165.
AMA StyleIsabel Lopes de Carvalho, A. Toledo, Carina Carvalho, J.F. Barandika, L.B. Respicio-Kingry, C. Garcia-Amil, Ana L. Garcia-Perez, A. Sonia Olmeda, Líbia Zé-Zé, J.M. Petersen, Pedro Anda, Maria Sofia Núncio, Raquel Escudero. Francisella species in ticks and animals, Iberian Peninsula. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases. 2016; 7 (1):159-165.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabel Lopes de Carvalho; A. Toledo; Carina Carvalho; J.F. Barandika; L.B. Respicio-Kingry; C. Garcia-Amil; Ana L. Garcia-Perez; A. Sonia Olmeda; Líbia Zé-Zé; J.M. Petersen; Pedro Anda; Maria Sofia Núncio; Raquel Escudero. 2016. "Francisella species in ticks and animals, Iberian Peninsula." Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 7, no. 1: 159-165.
Red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) are very valuable in trophy-hunting but also contribute to the preservation of natural areas. They are affected by many parasites and pathogens, including hard ticks that are not only important parasites themselves but can also act as vectors and/or reservoirs of pathogens. Tick phenology is complex insofar as population dynamics depend on environmental conditions, vegetation, host availability and their own intrinsic characteristic. Ticks were collected monthly from January 2007 to December 2014 from red deer on a natural reserve located in a meso-Mediterranean environment in Central Spain. A total of 8978 specimens of ixodid ticks were recovered with a mean Parasitization Index of 65.06 ticks/deer. Red deer were infected the whole year round with a summer-spring pattern and two secondary peaks in February and October. The main species was Hyalomma lusitanicum Koch followed by Rhipicephalus bursa Canestrini and Fanzago, Rhipicephalus pusillus Gil Collado, Dermacentor marginatus Sulzer and Ixodes ricinus L. Hyalomma lusitanicum has a complex life cycle in which several generations initiate their cycle at different times throughout the year, most probably lasting more than 1 year. We also describe the ability of nymphs to feed on large ungulates even though their habitual host is wild rabbit.
F. Valcárcel; J. González; J. M. Tercero Jaime; A. S. Olmeda. Long term study of ixodid ticks feeding on red deer (Cervus elaphus) in a meso-Mediterranean climate. Experimental and Applied Acarology 2015, 69, 61 -72.
AMA StyleF. Valcárcel, J. González, J. M. Tercero Jaime, A. S. Olmeda. Long term study of ixodid ticks feeding on red deer (Cervus elaphus) in a meso-Mediterranean climate. Experimental and Applied Acarology. 2015; 69 (1):61-72.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Valcárcel; J. González; J. M. Tercero Jaime; A. S. Olmeda. 2015. "Long term study of ixodid ticks feeding on red deer (Cervus elaphus) in a meso-Mediterranean climate." Experimental and Applied Acarology 69, no. 1: 61-72.