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Byeong-Cheol Lee
Department of Tourism and Event Management, Kyonggi University, Seoul 03746, Korea

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Journal article
Published: 13 October 2020 in Sustainability
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the competitive relationships among the four major Global Distribution Systems (GDSs), which are representative reservation systems in the tourism industry by using niche theory. To that end, niche theory, which presents the three core concepts of niche breadth, niche overlap, and niche superiority, was combined with gratification in the uses to apply the gratification niche analysis technique. Based on an extensive literature review, four factors (core functions, system functions, service functions, and additional functions) to measure user satisfaction levels by function with GDSs were extracted. Online/offline questionnaire surveys were conducted with travel agencies’ airline counter staffs who had experience using all four GDSs, and in total, 324 copies of the questionnaire were used in the analysis. The analysis results confirmed that Sabre had a competitive edge in general over the other three GDSs, while TOPAS (Amadeus) and Galileo had a comparative competitive edge in certain functions. This study suggested concrete implications that can help individual GDSs in terms of their development of functions or the establishment of marketing strategies by verifying user satisfaction by the function of individual GDSs.

ACS Style

Hyo-Jeong Byun; Jeong-Joon Kim; Byeong-Cheol Lee. Competitiveness Analysis of GDSs in South Korea by Using Niche Theory: Focusing on User Gratification. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8425 .

AMA Style

Hyo-Jeong Byun, Jeong-Joon Kim, Byeong-Cheol Lee. Competitiveness Analysis of GDSs in South Korea by Using Niche Theory: Focusing on User Gratification. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8425.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo-Jeong Byun; Jeong-Joon Kim; Byeong-Cheol Lee. 2020. "Competitiveness Analysis of GDSs in South Korea by Using Niche Theory: Focusing on User Gratification." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8425.

Journal article
Published: 28 May 2019 in Sustainability
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The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the effect of gamification on tourist psychological outcome and knowledge gain in the context of cultural heritage sites, which are popular cruise tourism destinations. A comprehensive literature review revealed the critical role of gamification in facilitating psychological (enjoyment, flow experience, and loyalty) and behavioral outcomes (knowledge gain) at cultural heritage sites. Using a field experiment, this study employed a gamified app as a manipulation. A total of 342 gamified app users (n = 165) or non-users (n = 177) were selected by stratified random sampling method from among college students majoring in tourism and cruise management in South Korea. After screening the data, a Hayes’ PROCESS modeling technique was mainly utilized to test the proposed hypotheses based on 331 cases. The results showed that gamification had a strong influence on knowledge gain about cultural heritage attractions. On the other hand, gamification had negative effects on enjoyment and flow experience. More importantly, gamification had a negative indirect effect on loyalty toward cultural heritage attractions. These findings imply the usefulness of gamified apps to convey memorable and real-time information and knowledge to users in cultural heritage sites.

ACS Style

Byeong Cheol Lee. The Effect of Gamification on Psychological and Behavioral Outcomes: Implications for Cruise Tourism Destinations. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3002 .

AMA Style

Byeong Cheol Lee. The Effect of Gamification on Psychological and Behavioral Outcomes: Implications for Cruise Tourism Destinations. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (11):3002.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Byeong Cheol Lee. 2019. "The Effect of Gamification on Psychological and Behavioral Outcomes: Implications for Cruise Tourism Destinations." Sustainability 11, no. 11: 3002.

Articles
Published: 28 November 2013 in Current Issues in Tourism
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The purpose of the present study is to examine the impact of social capital on destination marketing organisations' (DMOs) technology adoption, especially Web 2.0. In other words, among the variety of factors that might influence individuals' or organisations' technology adoption, this study suggests that the concept of social capital is an additional important factor that might influence DMOs' technology adoption. Social networks (size of network, tie strength, and bridging and bonding ties), trust, norms, and associational activity were chosen as the components of social capital. The results revealed that, with the exception of trust and tie strength, most components of social capital exerted significant effects on DMOs' levels of technology adoption.

ACS Style

Byeong Cheol Lee. The impact of social capital on tourism technology adoption for destination marketing. Current Issues in Tourism 2013, 18, 561 -578.

AMA Style

Byeong Cheol Lee. The impact of social capital on tourism technology adoption for destination marketing. Current Issues in Tourism. 2013; 18 (6):561-578.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Byeong Cheol Lee. 2013. "The impact of social capital on tourism technology adoption for destination marketing." Current Issues in Tourism 18, no. 6: 561-578.