This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Unclaimed
Vincent Legros
Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie and VetAgro Sup

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Review
Published: 28 April 2021 in Viruses
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The Bunyavirales order comprises more than 500 viruses (generally defined as bunyaviruses) classified into 12 families. Some of these are highly pathogenic viruses infecting different hosts, including humans, mammals, reptiles, arthropods, birds, and/or plants. Host cell sensing of infection activates the innate immune system that aims at inhibiting viral replication and propagation. Upon recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by cellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), numerous signaling cascades are activated, leading to the production of interferons (IFNs). IFNs act in an autocrine and paracrine manner to establish an antiviral state by inducing the expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Some of these ISGs are known to restrict bunyavirus infection. Along with other constitutively expressed host cellular factors with antiviral activity, these proteins (hereafter referred to as “restriction factors”) target different steps of the viral cycle, including viral entry, genome transcription and replication, and virion egress. In reaction to this, bunyaviruses have developed strategies to circumvent this antiviral response, by avoiding cellular recognition of PAMPs, inhibiting IFN production or interfering with the IFN-mediated response. Herein, we review the current knowledge on host cellular factors that were shown to restrict infections by bunyaviruses. Moreover, we focus on the strategies developed by bunyaviruses in order to escape the antiviral state developed by the infected cells.

ACS Style

Solène Lerolle; Natalia Freitas; François-Loïc Cosset; Vincent Legros. Host Cell Restriction Factors of Bunyaviruses and Viral Countermeasures. Viruses 2021, 13, 784 .

AMA Style

Solène Lerolle, Natalia Freitas, François-Loïc Cosset, Vincent Legros. Host Cell Restriction Factors of Bunyaviruses and Viral Countermeasures. Viruses. 2021; 13 (5):784.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Solène Lerolle; Natalia Freitas; François-Loïc Cosset; Vincent Legros. 2021. "Host Cell Restriction Factors of Bunyaviruses and Viral Countermeasures." Viruses 13, no. 5: 784.

Preprint content
Published: 24 March 2021
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Although there are several reports in the literature of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats, few SARS-CoV-2 sequences from infected cats have been published. In this report, SARS-CoV-2 infection was evaluated in two cats by clinical observation, molecular biology (qPCR and NGS), and serology (Microsphere immunoassay and seroneutralization). Following the observation of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infection in two cats, infection status was confirmed by RT-qPCR and, in one cat, serological analysis for antibodies against N-protein and S-protein, as well as neutralizing antibodies. Comparative analysis of five SARS-CoV-2 sequence-fragments obtained from one of the cats showed that this infection was not with one of the three recently emerged variants of SARS-CoV-2. This study provides additional information on the clinical, molecular, and serological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats.

ACS Style

Matthieu Fritz; Nicolas Nesi; Solène Denolly; Bertrand Boson; Vincent Legros; Serge G. Rosolen; Alexandra Briend-Marchal; Meriadeg Ar Gouilh; Eric M. Leroy. New detection of SARS-CoV-2 in two cats height months after COVID-19 outbreak appearance in France. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Matthieu Fritz, Nicolas Nesi, Solène Denolly, Bertrand Boson, Vincent Legros, Serge G. Rosolen, Alexandra Briend-Marchal, Meriadeg Ar Gouilh, Eric M. Leroy. New detection of SARS-CoV-2 in two cats height months after COVID-19 outbreak appearance in France. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matthieu Fritz; Nicolas Nesi; Solène Denolly; Bertrand Boson; Vincent Legros; Serge G. Rosolen; Alexandra Briend-Marchal; Meriadeg Ar Gouilh; Eric M. Leroy. 2021. "New detection of SARS-CoV-2 in two cats height months after COVID-19 outbreak appearance in France." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 18 March 2021
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Domestic pets can contract SARS-CoV-2 infection but, based on the limited information available to date, it is unknown whether the new British B.1.1.7 variant can more easily infect certain animal species or increase the possibility of human-to-animal transmission. In this study, we report the first cases of infection of domestic cats and dogs by the British B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2 diagnosed at a specialist veterinary hospital in the South-East of England. Furthermore, we discovered that many owners and handlers of these pets had developed Covid-19 respiratory symptoms 3-6 weeks before their pets became ill and had also tested PCR positive for Covid-19. Interestingly, all these B.1.1.7 infected pets developed atypical clinical manifestations, including severe cardiac abnormalities secondary to myocarditis and a profound impairment of the general health status of the patient but without any primary respiratory signs. Together, our findings demonstrate for the first time the ability for companion animals to be infected by the B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2 and raise questions regarding its pathogenicity in these animals. Moreover, given the enhanced infectivity and transmissibility of B.1.1.7 variant for humans, these findings also highlights more than ever the risk that companion animals may potentially play a significant role in SARS-CoV-2 outbreak dynamics than previously appreciated.

ACS Style

Luca Ferasin; Matthieu Fritz; Heidi Ferasin; Pierre Becquart; Vincent Legros; Eric M. Leroy. Myocarditis in naturally infected pets with the British variant of COVID-19. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Luca Ferasin, Matthieu Fritz, Heidi Ferasin, Pierre Becquart, Vincent Legros, Eric M. Leroy. Myocarditis in naturally infected pets with the British variant of COVID-19. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luca Ferasin; Matthieu Fritz; Heidi Ferasin; Pierre Becquart; Vincent Legros; Eric M. Leroy. 2021. "Myocarditis in naturally infected pets with the British variant of COVID-19." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2021 in Journal of Biological Chemistry
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a β-coronavirus, is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Like for other coronaviruses, its particles are composed of four structural proteins: Spike (S), Envelope (E), Membrane (M) and Nucleoprotein (N) proteins. The involvement of each of these proteins and their interactions are critical for assembly and production of β-coronavirus particles. Here, we sought to characterize the interplay of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins during the viral assembly process. By combining biochemical and imaging assays in infected vs. transfected cells, we show that E and M regulate intracellular trafficking of S as well as its intracellular processing. Indeed, the imaging data reveal that S is re-localized at endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) or Golgi compartments upon co-expression of E or M, as observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, which prevents syncytia formation. We show that a C-terminal retrieval motif in the cytoplasmic tail of S is required for its M-mediated retention in the ERGIC, whereas E induces S retention by modulating the cell secretory pathway. We also highlight that E and M induce a specific maturation of N-glycosylation of S, independently of the regulation of its localization, with a profile that is observed both in infected cells and in purified viral particles. Finally, we show that E, M and N are required for optimal production of virus- like-particles. Altogether, these results highlight how E and M proteins may influence the properties of S proteins and promote the assembly of SARS-CoV-2 viral particles.

ACS Style

Bertrand Boson; Vincent Legros; Bingjie Zhou; Eglantine Siret; Cyrille Mathieu; François-Loïc Cosset; Dimitri Lavillette; Solène Denolly. The SARS-CoV-2 envelope and membrane proteins modulate maturation and retention of the spike protein, allowing assembly of virus-like particles. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2021, 296, 100111 -100111.

AMA Style

Bertrand Boson, Vincent Legros, Bingjie Zhou, Eglantine Siret, Cyrille Mathieu, François-Loïc Cosset, Dimitri Lavillette, Solène Denolly. The SARS-CoV-2 envelope and membrane proteins modulate maturation and retention of the spike protein, allowing assembly of virus-like particles. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2021; 296 ():100111-100111.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bertrand Boson; Vincent Legros; Bingjie Zhou; Eglantine Siret; Cyrille Mathieu; François-Loïc Cosset; Dimitri Lavillette; Solène Denolly. 2021. "The SARS-CoV-2 envelope and membrane proteins modulate maturation and retention of the spike protein, allowing assembly of virus-like particles." Journal of Biological Chemistry 296, no. : 100111-100111.

Journal article
Published: 04 November 2020 in One Health
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In a survey of household cats and dogs of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients, we found a high seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, ranging from 21% to 53%, depending on the positivity criteria chosen. Seropositivity was significantly greater among pets from COVID-19+ households compared to those with owners of unknown status. Our results highlight the potential role of pets in the spread of the epidemic.

ACS Style

Matthieu Fritz; Béatrice Rosolen; Emilie Krafft; Pierre Becquart; Eric Elguero; Oxana Vratskikh; Solène Denolly; Bertrand Boson; Jessica Vanhomwegen; Meriadeg Ar Gouilh; Angeli Kodjo; Catherine Chirouze; Serge G. Rosolen; Vincent Legros; Eric M. Leroy. High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pets from COVID-19+ households. One Health 2020, 11, 100192 -100192.

AMA Style

Matthieu Fritz, Béatrice Rosolen, Emilie Krafft, Pierre Becquart, Eric Elguero, Oxana Vratskikh, Solène Denolly, Bertrand Boson, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Meriadeg Ar Gouilh, Angeli Kodjo, Catherine Chirouze, Serge G. Rosolen, Vincent Legros, Eric M. Leroy. High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pets from COVID-19+ households. One Health. 2020; 11 ():100192-100192.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matthieu Fritz; Béatrice Rosolen; Emilie Krafft; Pierre Becquart; Eric Elguero; Oxana Vratskikh; Solène Denolly; Bertrand Boson; Jessica Vanhomwegen; Meriadeg Ar Gouilh; Angeli Kodjo; Catherine Chirouze; Serge G. Rosolen; Vincent Legros; Eric M. Leroy. 2020. "High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pets from COVID-19+ households." One Health 11, no. : 100192-100192.

Preprint content
Published: 22 September 2020
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In a survey of household cats and dogs of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients, we found a high seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, ranging from 21% to 53%, depending on the positivity criteria chosen. Seropositivity was significantly greater among pets from COVID-19+ households compared to those with owners of unknown status. Our results highlight the potential role of pets in the spread of the epidemic.

ACS Style

Matthieu Fritz; Béatrice Rosolen; Emilie Krafft; Pierre Becquart; Eric Elguero; Oxana Vratskikh; Solène Denolly; Bertrand Boson; Jessica Vanhomwegen; Meriadeg Ar Gouilh; Angeli Kodjo; Catherine Chirouze; Serge Rosolen; Vincent Legros; Eric M. Leroy. High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pets from COVID-19+ households. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Matthieu Fritz, Béatrice Rosolen, Emilie Krafft, Pierre Becquart, Eric Elguero, Oxana Vratskikh, Solène Denolly, Bertrand Boson, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Meriadeg Ar Gouilh, Angeli Kodjo, Catherine Chirouze, Serge Rosolen, Vincent Legros, Eric M. Leroy. High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pets from COVID-19+ households. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matthieu Fritz; Béatrice Rosolen; Emilie Krafft; Pierre Becquart; Eric Elguero; Oxana Vratskikh; Solène Denolly; Bertrand Boson; Jessica Vanhomwegen; Meriadeg Ar Gouilh; Angeli Kodjo; Catherine Chirouze; Serge Rosolen; Vincent Legros; Eric M. Leroy. 2020. "High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pets from COVID-19+ households." , no. : 1.

Microbiology
Published: 21 September 2020 in PLOS Pathogens
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne orthonairovirus that has become a serious threat to the public health. CCHFV has a single-stranded, tripartite RNA genome composed of L, M, and S segments. Cleavage of the M polyprotein precursor generates the two envelope glycoproteins (GPs) as well as three secreted nonstructural proteins GP38 and GP85 or GP160, representing GP38 only or GP38 linked to a mucin-like protein (MLD), and a double-membrane-spanning protein called NSm. Here, we examined the relevance of each M-segment non-structural proteins in virus assembly, egress and infectivity using a well-established CCHFV virus-like-particle system (tc-VLP). Deletion of MLD protein had no impact on infectivity although it reduced by 60% incorporation of GPs into particles. Additional deletion of GP38 abolished production of infectious tc-VLPs. The loss of infectivity was associated with impaired Gc maturation and exclusion from the Golgi, showing that Gn is not sufficient to target CCHFV GPs to the site of assembly. Consistent with this, efficient complementation was achieved in cells expressing MLD-GP38 in trans with increased levels of preGc to Gc conversion, co-targeting to the Golgi, resulting in particle incorporation and restored infectivity. Contrastingly, a MLD-GP38 variant retained in the ER allowed preGc cleavage but failed to rescue miss-localization or infectivity. NSm deletion, conversely, did not affect trafficking of Gc but interfered with Gc processing, particle formation and secretion. NSm expression affected N-glycosylation of different viral proteins most likely due to increased speed of trafficking through the secretory pathway. This highlights a potential role of NSm in overcoming Golgi retention and facilitating CCHFV egress. Thus, deletions of GP38 or NSm demonstrate their important role on CCHFV particle production and infectivity. GP85 is an essential viral factor for preGc cleavage, trafficking and Gc incorporation into particles, whereas NSm protein is involved in CCHFV assembly and virion secretion. Orthonairoviruses, like the lethal Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), encode secreted glycoproteins, such as GP38, in addition to virion envelope glycoproteins (Gn and Gc) that are processed by internal cleavage of the viral M segment encoded polyprotein. CCHFV MLD-GP38 proteins (GP160/GP85) also include an N-terminal domain encompassing a mucin-like protein that is released from GP38 by Furin. The protective effect of non-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies targeting GP38 against lethal CCHFV challenge previously highlighted the importance of GP38 in CCHFV replication. CCHFV also encodes a double-membrane-spanning protein (NSm) of unknown function, located between the Gn and Gc on the polyprotein. To investigate the roles of these so-called accessory proteins encoded by the CCHFV M-segment in virus formation and infectivity, we generated several M-segment deletion mutants and tested them in a CCHFV transcription-entry-competent virus-like particle (tc-VLP) system. Here, we demonstrate that GP38 is crucial for Gc biogenesis, interaction with Gn and trafficking to the Golgi, and that its deletion abrogates formation of infectious particles. We also show that NSm increases the rate of protein trafficking through the secretory pathway with altered N-glycosylation profiles that are advantageous for efficient virus release. These data advanced our understanding of GP38 and NSm roles and CCHFV-host interactions.

ACS Style

Natalia Freitas; Margot Enguehard; Solène Denolly; Camille Levy; Gregory Neveu; Solène Lerolle; Stephanie Devignot; Friedemann Weber; Eric Bergeron; Vincent Legros; François-Loïc Cosset. The interplays between Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) M segment-encoded accessory proteins and structural proteins promote virus assembly and infectivity. PLOS Pathogens 2020, 16, e1008850 .

AMA Style

Natalia Freitas, Margot Enguehard, Solène Denolly, Camille Levy, Gregory Neveu, Solène Lerolle, Stephanie Devignot, Friedemann Weber, Eric Bergeron, Vincent Legros, François-Loïc Cosset. The interplays between Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) M segment-encoded accessory proteins and structural proteins promote virus assembly and infectivity. PLOS Pathogens. 2020; 16 (9):e1008850.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Natalia Freitas; Margot Enguehard; Solène Denolly; Camille Levy; Gregory Neveu; Solène Lerolle; Stephanie Devignot; Friedemann Weber; Eric Bergeron; Vincent Legros; François-Loïc Cosset. 2020. "The interplays between Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) M segment-encoded accessory proteins and structural proteins promote virus assembly and infectivity." PLOS Pathogens 16, no. 9: e1008850.

Other
Published: 01 September 2020
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Understanding the immune responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical in terms of protection from re-infection and, thus, for public health policy and for vaccine development against the COVID-19. Here, using either live SARS-CoV-2 particles or retroviruses pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 S viral surface protein (Spike), we studied the neutralizing antibody (nAb) response in serum specimens from a cohort of 140 SARS-CoV-2 qPCR-confirmed patients, including patient with mild symptoms but also more severe form including those that require intensive care. We show that nAb titers were strongly correlated with disease severity and with anti-Spike IgG levels. Indeed, patients from intensive care units exhibited high nAb titers, whereas patients with milder disease symptoms displayed heterogenous nAb titers and asymptomatic or exclusive outpatient care patients had no or poor nAb levels. We found that the nAb activity in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients displayed a relatively rapid decline after recovery, as compared to individuals infected with alternative coronaviruses. We show the absence of cross-neutralization between endemic coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2, indicating that previous infection by human coronaviruses may not generate protective nAb against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, we found that the D614G mutation in the Spike protein, which has recently been identified as the major variant now found in Europe, does not allow neutralization escape. Altogether, our results contribute to the understanding of the immune correlate of SARS-CoV-2 induced disease and claim for a rapid evaluation of the role of the humoral response in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.

ACS Style

Vincent Legros; Solène Denolly; Manon Vogrig; Bertrand Boson; Josselin Rigaill; Sylvie Pillet; Florence Grattard; Sylvie Gonzalo; Paul Verhoeven; Omran Allatif; Philippe Berthelot; Carole Pélissier; Guillaume Thierry; Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers; Stéphane Paul; Thierry Walzer; François-Loïc Cosset; Thomas Bourlet; Bruno Pozzetto. A longitudinal study of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients shows high correlation between neutralizing antibodies and COVID-19 severity. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Vincent Legros, Solène Denolly, Manon Vogrig, Bertrand Boson, Josselin Rigaill, Sylvie Pillet, Florence Grattard, Sylvie Gonzalo, Paul Verhoeven, Omran Allatif, Philippe Berthelot, Carole Pélissier, Guillaume Thierry, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Stéphane Paul, Thierry Walzer, François-Loïc Cosset, Thomas Bourlet, Bruno Pozzetto. A longitudinal study of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients shows high correlation between neutralizing antibodies and COVID-19 severity. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vincent Legros; Solène Denolly; Manon Vogrig; Bertrand Boson; Josselin Rigaill; Sylvie Pillet; Florence Grattard; Sylvie Gonzalo; Paul Verhoeven; Omran Allatif; Philippe Berthelot; Carole Pélissier; Guillaume Thierry; Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers; Stéphane Paul; Thierry Walzer; François-Loïc Cosset; Thomas Bourlet; Bruno Pozzetto. 2020. "A longitudinal study of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients shows high correlation between neutralizing antibodies and COVID-19 severity." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 24 August 2020
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a β-coronavirus, is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Like for other coronaviruses, its particles are composed of four structural proteins, namely Spike S, Envelope E, Membrane M and Nucleoprotein N proteins. The involvement of each of these proteins and their interplays during the assembly process of this new virus are poorly-defined and are likely β-coronavirus-type different. Therefore, we sought to investigate how SARS-CoV-2 behaves for its assembly by expression assays of S, in combination with E, M and/or N. By combining biochemical and imaging assays, we showed that E and M regulate intracellular trafficking of S and hence its furin-mediated processing. Indeed, our imaging data revealed that S remains at ERGIC or Golgi compartments upon expression of E or M, like for SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. By studying a mutant of S, we showed that its cytoplasmic tail, and more specifically, its C-terminal retrieval motif, is required for the M-mediated retention in the ERGIC, whereas E induces S retention by modulating the cell secretory pathway. We also highlighted that E and M induce a specific maturation of S N-glycosylation, which is observed on particles and lysates from infected cells independently of its mechanisms of intracellular retention. Finally, we showed that both M, E and N are required for optimal production of virus-like-proteins. Altogether, our results indicated that E and M proteins influence the properties of S proteins to promote assembly of viral particles. Our results therefore highlight both similarities and dissimilarities in these events, as compared to other β-coronaviruses. Author Summary The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Its viral particles are composed of four structural proteins, namely Spike S, Envelope E, Membrane M and Nucleoprotein N proteins, though their involvement in the virion assembly remain unknown for this particular coronavirus. Here we showed that presence of E and M influence the localization and maturation of S protein, in term of cleavage and N-glycosylation maturation. Indeed, E protein is able to slow down the cell secretory pathway whereas M-induced retention of S requires the retrieval motif in S C-terminus. We also highlighted that E and M might regulate the N glycosylation maturation of S independently of its intracellular retention mechanism. Finally, we showed that the four structural proteins are required for optimal formation of virus-like particles, highlighting the involvement of N, E and M in assembly of infectious particles. Altogether, our results highlight both similarities and dissimilarities in these events, as compared to other β-coronaviruses.

ACS Style

Bertrand Boson; Vincent Legros; Bingjie Zhou; Cyrille Mathieu; François-Loïc Cosset; Dimitri Lavillette; Solène Denolly. The SARS-CoV-2 Envelope and Membrane proteins modulate maturation and retention of the Spike protein, allowing optimal formation of VLPs in presence of Nucleoprotein. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Bertrand Boson, Vincent Legros, Bingjie Zhou, Cyrille Mathieu, François-Loïc Cosset, Dimitri Lavillette, Solène Denolly. The SARS-CoV-2 Envelope and Membrane proteins modulate maturation and retention of the Spike protein, allowing optimal formation of VLPs in presence of Nucleoprotein. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bertrand Boson; Vincent Legros; Bingjie Zhou; Cyrille Mathieu; François-Loïc Cosset; Dimitri Lavillette; Solène Denolly. 2020. "The SARS-CoV-2 Envelope and Membrane proteins modulate maturation and retention of the Spike protein, allowing optimal formation of VLPs in presence of Nucleoprotein." , no. : 1.

Microbiology
Published: 20 August 2020 in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Muscle cells are potential targets of many arboviruses, such as Ross River, Dengue, Sindbis, and chikungunya viruses, that may be involved in the physiopathological course of the infection. During the recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV), myalgia was one of the most frequently reported symptoms. We investigated the susceptibility of human muscle cells to ZIKV infection. Using an in vitro model of human primary myoblasts that can be differentiated into myotubes, we found that myoblasts can be productively infected by ZIKV. In contrast, myotubes were shown to be resistant to ZIKV infection, suggesting a differentiation-dependent susceptibility. Infection was accompanied by a caspase-independent cytopathic effect, associated with paraptosis-like cytoplasmic vacuolization. Proteomic profiling was performed 24h and 48h post-infection in cells infected with two different isolates. Proteome changes indicate that ZIKV infection induces an upregulation of proteins involved in the activation of the Interferon type I pathway, and a downregulation of protein synthesis. This work constitutes the first observation of primary human muscle cells susceptibility to ZIKV infection, and differentiation-dependent restriction of infection from myoblasts to myotubes. Since myoblasts constitute the reservoir of stem cells involved in reparation/regeneration in muscle tissue, the infection of muscle cells and the viral-induced alterations observed here could have consequences in ZIKV infection pathogenesis. Muscle cells are potential targets of many arboviruses, such as Ross River, Dengue, Sindbis, and chikungunya viruses, and may be involved in the disease manifestation. During the recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV), myalgia was one of the most frequently reported symptoms. We investigated the susceptibility of human muscle cells to ZIKV infection. Using an in vitro model of human muscle stem cells (myoblasts) that can be differentiated into differentiated muscle cells (myotubes), we found that myoblasts can be infected by ZIKV. In contrast, myotubes were shown to be resistant to ZIKV infection. Infection induced the death of infected cells. Protein levels 24h and 48h post-infection indicate that ZIKV infection induces an upregulation of proteins involved in the activation of the Interferon type I pathway, and a downregulation of protein synthesis. This work constitutes the first observation of primary human muscle cells susceptibility to ZIKV infection, muscle stem cells being susceptible while differentiated muscle cells are resistant. Since myoblasts constitute the reservoir of stem cells involved in reparation/regeneration in muscle tissue, the infection of muscle cells and the viral-induced alterations observed here could have consequences during ZIKV infection.

ACS Style

Vincent Legros; Patricia Jeannin; Julien Burlaud-Gaillard; Thibault Chaze; Quentin Giai Gianetto; Gillian Butler-Browne; Vincent Mouly; Jim Zoladek; Philippe V. Afonso; Mariela-Natacha Gonzàlez; Mariette Matondo; Ingo Riederer; Philippe Roingeard; Antoine Gessain; Valérie Choumet; Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi. Differentiation-dependent susceptibility of human muscle cells to Zika virus infection. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2020, 14, e0008282 .

AMA Style

Vincent Legros, Patricia Jeannin, Julien Burlaud-Gaillard, Thibault Chaze, Quentin Giai Gianetto, Gillian Butler-Browne, Vincent Mouly, Jim Zoladek, Philippe V. Afonso, Mariela-Natacha Gonzàlez, Mariette Matondo, Ingo Riederer, Philippe Roingeard, Antoine Gessain, Valérie Choumet, Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi. Differentiation-dependent susceptibility of human muscle cells to Zika virus infection. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2020; 14 (8):e0008282.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vincent Legros; Patricia Jeannin; Julien Burlaud-Gaillard; Thibault Chaze; Quentin Giai Gianetto; Gillian Butler-Browne; Vincent Mouly; Jim Zoladek; Philippe V. Afonso; Mariela-Natacha Gonzàlez; Mariette Matondo; Ingo Riederer; Philippe Roingeard; Antoine Gessain; Valérie Choumet; Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi. 2020. "Differentiation-dependent susceptibility of human muscle cells to Zika virus infection." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14, no. 8: e0008282.

Review
Published: 05 June 2020 in Viruses
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Infections due to arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) have dramatically increased worldwide during the last few years. In humans, symptoms associated with acute infection of most arboviruses are often described as “dengue-like syndrome”, including fever, rash, conjunctivitis, arthralgia, and muscular symptoms such as myalgia, myositis, or rhabdomyolysis. In some cases, muscular symptoms may persist over months, especially following flavivirus and alphavirus infections. However, in humans the cellular targets of infection in muscle have been rarely identified. Animal models provide insights to elucidate pathological mechanisms through studying viral tropism, viral-induced inflammation, or potential viral persistence in the muscle compartment. The tropism of arboviruses for muscle cells as well as the viral-induced cytopathic effect and cellular alterations can be confirmed in vitro using cellular models. This review describes the link between muscle alterations and arbovirus infection, and the underlying mechanisms.

ACS Style

Claudia Filippone; Vincent Legros; Patricia Jeannin; Valérie Choumet; Gillian Butler-Browne; Jim Zoladek; Vincent Mouly; Antoine Gessain; Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi. Arboviruses and Muscle Disorders: From Disease to Cell Biology. Viruses 2020, 12, 616 .

AMA Style

Claudia Filippone, Vincent Legros, Patricia Jeannin, Valérie Choumet, Gillian Butler-Browne, Jim Zoladek, Vincent Mouly, Antoine Gessain, Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi. Arboviruses and Muscle Disorders: From Disease to Cell Biology. Viruses. 2020; 12 (6):616.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claudia Filippone; Vincent Legros; Patricia Jeannin; Valérie Choumet; Gillian Butler-Browne; Jim Zoladek; Vincent Mouly; Antoine Gessain; Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi. 2020. "Arboviruses and Muscle Disorders: From Disease to Cell Biology." Viruses 12, no. 6: 616.

Journal article
Published: 15 October 2019 in Viruses
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the large category of arboviruses. Surprisingly, several human-to-human transmissions of ZIKV have been notified, either following sexual intercourse or from the mother to fetus during pregnancy. Importantly, high viral loads have been detected in the human breast milk of infected mothers, and the existence of breastfeeding as a new mode of mother-to-child transmission of ZIKV was recently hypothesized. However, the maternal origin of infectious particles in breast milk is currently unknown. Here, we show that ZIKV disseminates to the mammary glands of infected mice after both systemic and local exposure with differential kinetics. Ex vivo, we demonstrate that primary human mammary epithelial cells were sensitive and permissive to ZIKV infection in this study. Moreover, by using in vitro models, we prove that mammary luminal- and myoepithelial-phenotype cell lines are both able to produce important virus progeny after ZIKV exposure. Our data suggest that the dissemination of ZIKV to the mammary glands and subsequent infection of the mammary epithelium could be one mechanism of viral excretion in human breast milk.

ACS Style

Mathieu Hubert; Aurélie Chiche; Vincent Legros; Patricia Jeannin; Thomas Montange; Antoine Gessain; Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi; Aurore Vidy; Vidy. Productive Infection of Mouse Mammary Glands and Human Mammary Epithelial Cells by Zika Virus. Viruses 2019, 11, 950 .

AMA Style

Mathieu Hubert, Aurélie Chiche, Vincent Legros, Patricia Jeannin, Thomas Montange, Antoine Gessain, Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi, Aurore Vidy, Vidy. Productive Infection of Mouse Mammary Glands and Human Mammary Epithelial Cells by Zika Virus. Viruses. 2019; 11 (10):950.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mathieu Hubert; Aurélie Chiche; Vincent Legros; Patricia Jeannin; Thomas Montange; Antoine Gessain; Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi; Aurore Vidy; Vidy. 2019. "Productive Infection of Mouse Mammary Glands and Human Mammary Epithelial Cells by Zika Virus." Viruses 11, no. 10: 950.

Journal article
Published: 27 June 2019 in Viruses
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Arboviruses like chikungunya and Ross River (RRV) are responsible for massive outbreaks of viral polyarthritis. There is no effective treatment or vaccine available against these viruses that induce prolonged and disabling arthritis. To explore the physiopathological mechanisms of alphaviral arthritis, we engineered a recombinant RRV expressing a NanoLuc reporter (RRV-NLuc), which exhibited high stability, near native replication kinetics and allowed real time monitoring of viral spread in an albino mouse strain. During the acute phase of the disease, we observed a high bioluminescent signal reflecting viral replication and dissemination in the infected mice. Using Bindarit, an anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits monocyte recruitment, we observed a reduction in viral dissemination demonstrating the important role of monocytes in the propagation of the virus and the adaptation of this model to the in vivo evaluation of treatment strategies. After resolution of the acute symptoms, we observed an increase in the bioluminescent signal in mice subjected to an immunosuppressive treatment 30 days post infection, thus showing active in vivo replication of remnant virus. We show here that this novel reporter virus is suitable to study the alphaviral disease up to the chronic phase, opening new perspectives for the evaluation of therapeutic interventions.

ACS Style

Essia Belarbi; Vincent Legros; Justine Basset; Philippe Desprès; Pierre Roques; Valérie Choumet. Bioluminescent Ross River Virus Allows Live Monitoring of Acute and Long-Term Alphaviral Infection by In Vivo Imaging. Viruses 2019, 11, 584 .

AMA Style

Essia Belarbi, Vincent Legros, Justine Basset, Philippe Desprès, Pierre Roques, Valérie Choumet. Bioluminescent Ross River Virus Allows Live Monitoring of Acute and Long-Term Alphaviral Infection by In Vivo Imaging. Viruses. 2019; 11 (7):584.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Essia Belarbi; Vincent Legros; Justine Basset; Philippe Desprès; Pierre Roques; Valérie Choumet. 2019. "Bioluminescent Ross River Virus Allows Live Monitoring of Acute and Long-Term Alphaviral Infection by In Vivo Imaging." Viruses 11, no. 7: 584.