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Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.), as a medicinal plant, has a high phenolic content in its leaves and flowers. It is often used in salads as a dietary vegetable. Attracting strong demand, it could be a good candidate crop for a plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL) that can achieve the mass production of high-quality crops with high productivity by regulating environmental conditions such as light. In this study, two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of continuous lighting (CL) and different daily light integrals (DLIs) under CL on the growth, secondary metabolites, and light use efficiency (LUE) of nasturtium, all of which are essential in the successful cultivation in PFALs. In Experiment 1, two lighting models, the same DLI of 17.3 mol m−2 d−1 but different light periods (24 and 16 h) with different light intensities (200 and 300 µmol m−2 s−1, respectively), were applied to nasturtium. The results showed that leaf production, secondary metabolites, and LUE were higher under the 24-h CL treatment than under the 16-h non-CL treatment. In Experiment 2, three DLI levels (17.3, 25.9, and 34.6 mol m−2 d−1) under the CL condition were applied. The results showed that the growth parameters were positively correlated with the DLI levels under CL. The lowest DLI had the highest LUE. We conclude that the mass production of nasturtium under CL in PFALs is feasible, and the yield increases as DLI increases from 17.3 to 34.6 mol m−2 d−1 under CL without causing physiological stress on plants.
Wenshuo Xu; Na Lu; Masao Kikuchi; Michiko Takagaki. Continuous Lighting and High Daily Light Integral Enhance Yield and Quality of Mass-Produced Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) in Plant Factories. Plants 2021, 10, 1203 .
AMA StyleWenshuo Xu, Na Lu, Masao Kikuchi, Michiko Takagaki. Continuous Lighting and High Daily Light Integral Enhance Yield and Quality of Mass-Produced Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) in Plant Factories. Plants. 2021; 10 (6):1203.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWenshuo Xu; Na Lu; Masao Kikuchi; Michiko Takagaki. 2021. "Continuous Lighting and High Daily Light Integral Enhance Yield and Quality of Mass-Produced Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) in Plant Factories." Plants 10, no. 6: 1203.
Nasturtium is a popular herbal plant, widely cultivated as culinary and medicinal plants all over the world. However, the seed propagation of nasturtium is inefficient, and in-vitro propagation is sophisticated and high-cost. In this study, the cutting propagation method was employed to produce nasturtium seedlings. We aimed to determine the optimal conditions for cutting propagation of nasturtium seedlings by investigating the effects of node position and electric conductivity (EC) of nutrient solution on the root formation of the cuttings. Cuttings from five node positions (apical bud, 2nd node, 3rd node, 4th node, and 5th node) were subjected to water and five EC (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 dS m−1) treatments with a hydroponic cultivation system in a plant factory. Results showed that all cuttings rooted successfully within two weeks. The cuttings from the apical bud position rooted earliest and produced the most roots regardless of EC level. Cuttings from other node positions produced longer roots and heavier root fresh and dry weights than those from the apical bud position. The cuttings under EC of 1.0 dS m−1 had the greatest root number, the longest root length, and the heaviest root fresh and dry weights regardless of node positions. The EC of 1.0 dS m−1 is considered the best condition for nasturtium cuttings for the range of EC tested in this study, and the cuttings from all the five node positions can be used as seedling materials.
Wenshuo Xu; Na Lu; Masao Kikuchi; Michiko Takagaki. Effects of Node Position and Electric Conductivity of Nutrient Solution on Adventitious Rooting of Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) Cuttings. Agronomy 2021, 11, 363 .
AMA StyleWenshuo Xu, Na Lu, Masao Kikuchi, Michiko Takagaki. Effects of Node Position and Electric Conductivity of Nutrient Solution on Adventitious Rooting of Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) Cuttings. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (2):363.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWenshuo Xu; Na Lu; Masao Kikuchi; Michiko Takagaki. 2021. "Effects of Node Position and Electric Conductivity of Nutrient Solution on Adventitious Rooting of Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) Cuttings." Agronomy 11, no. 2: 363.
Population growth and increased stress caused by urbanization have led to social problems that are predicted to intensify in the future. In these conditions, the recently established ”nature therapy” has revealed that an environment rich in various plant life significantly contributes to the relief of physical and mental stress. Meanwhile, from the perspective of reduction in the energy required for transportation and the retention of plant freshness, urban horticulture, in which plant life exists harmoniously with the city, has attracted considerable attention. Interactions between humans and plants in urban horticulture are considered to contribute to the good health and wellbeing of people. Therefore, we incorporate human-centered thinking based on nature therapy into horticultural produce-centered thinking based on conventional urban horticulture. By introducing a pioneering urban horticulture plant factory as an example, we propose the possibility of sustainable urban horticulture based on nature therapy.
Na Lu; Chorong Song; Takanori Kuronuma; Harumi Ikei; Yoshifumi Miyazaki; Michiko Takagaki. The Possibility of Sustainable Urban Horticulture Based on Nature Therapy. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5058 .
AMA StyleNa Lu, Chorong Song, Takanori Kuronuma, Harumi Ikei, Yoshifumi Miyazaki, Michiko Takagaki. The Possibility of Sustainable Urban Horticulture Based on Nature Therapy. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (12):5058.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNa Lu; Chorong Song; Takanori Kuronuma; Harumi Ikei; Yoshifumi Miyazaki; Michiko Takagaki. 2020. "The Possibility of Sustainable Urban Horticulture Based on Nature Therapy." Sustainability 12, no. 12: 5058.
The demand for high-nutrient and fresh vegetables, including coriander, has been growing rapidly. A plant factory with artificial lighting enables the application or suppression of stress conditions to plants for producing high-quality vegetables. This study aimed to determine a suitable root-zone temperature (RZT) treatment for enhancing the biomass and secondary metabolite content of hydroponic coriander plants. The combination of a mid-RZT (25 °C) pre-treatment with low (15 °C or 20 °C) or high (30 °C or 35 °C) RZT for a short period (3 or 6 days) was applied to the plants before harvesting. The fresh weights of the coriander plants were reduced under RZT stress. By contrast, the content of secondary metabolites, including ascorbic acid, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, chlorogenic acid, and the antioxidant capacity of the plants were enhanced by the combination of the lowest or highest RZT (15 °C or 35 °C) and the longer stress period (6 days). Growing coriander under an RZT of 30 °C for 6 days can produce large amounts of bioactive compounds and water, whereas growing coriander at an RZT of 15 °C for 6 days can produce high dry biomass and secondary metabolite content.
Duyen T. P. Nguyen; Na Lu; Natsuko Kagawa; Mizuki Kitayama; Michiko Takagaki. Short-Term Root-Zone Temperature Treatment Enhanced the Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites of Hydroponic Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Grown in a Plant Factory. Agronomy 2020, 10, 413 .
AMA StyleDuyen T. P. Nguyen, Na Lu, Natsuko Kagawa, Mizuki Kitayama, Michiko Takagaki. Short-Term Root-Zone Temperature Treatment Enhanced the Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites of Hydroponic Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Grown in a Plant Factory. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (3):413.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuyen T. P. Nguyen; Na Lu; Natsuko Kagawa; Mizuki Kitayama; Michiko Takagaki. 2020. "Short-Term Root-Zone Temperature Treatment Enhanced the Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites of Hydroponic Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Grown in a Plant Factory." Agronomy 10, no. 3: 413.
Coriander is an important aromatic plant, and contains abundant secondary metabolites that are considered to be beneficial for health. The demand for high-quality and fresh coriander in large cities has been growing rapidly. Plant factories are advanced indoor cultivation systems that can produce high-quality plants inside cities with a high productivity. This study aimed to maximize plant growth and the secondary metabolites production of coriander, by regulating photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and root-zone temperature (RZT). Three PPFDs (100, 200, and 300 µmol m−2 s−1) and three RZTs (20, 25, and 30 °C) were applied on coriander plants grown hydroponically in a plant factory. The plant biomass and water content of leaf and stem were highest under RZT of 25 °C with a PPFD of 300 µmol m−2 s−1. However, chlorogenic acid, rutin, trans-2-decenal, total phenolic concentrations and the antioxidant capacity of the coriander plant were greatest under the combination of PPFD (300 µmol m−2 s−1) and RZT (30 °C). Chlorogenic acid in leaves responded more sensitively to PPFD and RZT than rutin. Controlling PPFD and RZT is effective in optimizing the yield and quality of coriander plants. The findings are expected to be applied to commercial plant production in plant factories.
Duyen T. P. Nguyen; Na Lu; Natsuko Kagawa; Michiko Takagaki; Lu. Optimization of Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density and Root-zone Temperature for Enhancing Secondary Metabolite Accumulation and Production of Coriander in Plant Factory. Agronomy 2019, 9, 224 .
AMA StyleDuyen T. P. Nguyen, Na Lu, Natsuko Kagawa, Michiko Takagaki, Lu. Optimization of Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density and Root-zone Temperature for Enhancing Secondary Metabolite Accumulation and Production of Coriander in Plant Factory. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (5):224.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuyen T. P. Nguyen; Na Lu; Natsuko Kagawa; Michiko Takagaki; Lu. 2019. "Optimization of Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density and Root-zone Temperature for Enhancing Secondary Metabolite Accumulation and Production of Coriander in Plant Factory." Agronomy 9, no. 5: 224.
In recent times, attention has been focused on the role of urban green spaces in promoting human health and well-being. However, there is a lack of evidence-based research on the physiological effects of walking in urban green areas. This study aimed to clarify the physiological and psychological effects of walking in urban parks during fall. Twenty-three males (mean age 22.3 ± 1.2 years) were instructed to walk predetermined 15-min courses in an urban park and in a nearby city area (control). Heart rate and heart rate variability were measured to assess physiological responses, and the semantic differential method, Profile of Mood States, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to measure psychological responses. We observed that walking in an urban park resulted in a significantly lower heart rate, higher parasympathetic nerve activity, and lower sympathetic nerve activity than walking through the city area. In subjective evaluations, participants were more “comfortable,” “natural,” “relaxed,” and “vigorous” after a walk in the urban park. Furthermore, they exhibited significantly lower levels of negative emotions and anxiety. These findings provide scientific evidence for the physiological and psychological relaxation effects of walking in urban parks during fall.
Chorong Song; Harumi Ikei; Miho Igarashi; Michiko Takagaki; Yoshifumi Miyazaki. Physiological and Psychological Effects of a Walk in Urban Parks in Fall. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2015, 12, 14216 -14228.
AMA StyleChorong Song, Harumi Ikei, Miho Igarashi, Michiko Takagaki, Yoshifumi Miyazaki. Physiological and Psychological Effects of a Walk in Urban Parks in Fall. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12 (11):14216-14228.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChorong Song; Harumi Ikei; Miho Igarashi; Michiko Takagaki; Yoshifumi Miyazaki. 2015. "Physiological and Psychological Effects of a Walk in Urban Parks in Fall." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 11: 14216-14228.
The physiological and psychological relaxation effects of viewing a kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’) orchard landscape were investigated. Seventeen Japanese adult females (46.1 ± 8.2 years) viewed a kiwifruit orchard landscape or a building site (control) for 10 min. The heart rate variability and heart rate were determined. The modified semantic differential method and the short-form Profile of Mood States were used to assess the psychological effects. Compared with viewing the building site, viewing the kiwifruit orchard landscape resulted in a significant increase in the parasympathetic activity, a marginally significant decrease in the heart rate, a significant increase in “comfortable”, “relaxed” and “natural” feelings and a significant improvement in mood states.
Miho Igarashi; Masayuki Miwa; Harumi Ikei; Chorong Song; Michiko Takagaki; Yoshifumi Miyazaki. Physiological and Psychological Effects of Viewing a Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’) Orchard Landscape in Summer in Japan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2015, 12, 6657 -6668.
AMA StyleMiho Igarashi, Masayuki Miwa, Harumi Ikei, Chorong Song, Michiko Takagaki, Yoshifumi Miyazaki. Physiological and Psychological Effects of Viewing a Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’) Orchard Landscape in Summer in Japan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12 (6):6657-6668.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiho Igarashi; Masayuki Miwa; Harumi Ikei; Chorong Song; Michiko Takagaki; Yoshifumi Miyazaki. 2015. "Physiological and Psychological Effects of Viewing a Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’) Orchard Landscape in Summer in Japan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 6: 6657-6668.
It is widely believed that contact with the natural environment can improve physical and mental health. Urban green spaces may provide city residents with these benefits; however, there is a lack of empirical field research on the health benefits of urban parks.
Chorong Song; Harumi Ikei; Miho Igarashi; Masayuki Miwa; Michiko Takagaki; Yoshifumi Miyazaki. Physiological and psychological responses of young males during spring-time walks in urban parks. Journal of Physiological Anthropology 2014, 33, 8 -8.
AMA StyleChorong Song, Harumi Ikei, Miho Igarashi, Masayuki Miwa, Michiko Takagaki, Yoshifumi Miyazaki. Physiological and psychological responses of young males during spring-time walks in urban parks. Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 2014; 33 (1):8-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChorong Song; Harumi Ikei; Miho Igarashi; Masayuki Miwa; Michiko Takagaki; Yoshifumi Miyazaki. 2014. "Physiological and psychological responses of young males during spring-time walks in urban parks." Journal of Physiological Anthropology 33, no. 1: 8-8.
Interaction with nature has a relaxing effect on humans. Increasing attention has been focused on the therapeutic effects of urban green space; however, there is a lack of evidence-based field research. This study provided scientific evidence supporting the physiological and psychological effects of walking on young males in urban parks in winter. Subjects (13 males aged 22.5 ± 3.1 years) were instructed to walk predetermined 15-minute courses in an urban park (test) and in the city area (control). Heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured to assess physiological responses. The semantic differential (SD) method, Profile of Mood States (POMS), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used to determine psychological responses. Heart rate was significantly lower and the natural logarithm of the high frequency component of HRV was significantly higher when walking through the urban park than through the city area. The results of three questionnaires indicated that walking in the urban park improved mood and decreased negative feelings and anxiety. Physiological and psychological data from this field experiment provide important scientific evidence regarding the health benefits of walking in an urban park. The results support the premise that walking in an urban park has relaxing effects even in winter.
Chorong Song; Dawou Joung; Harumi Ikei; Miho Igarashi; Mariko Aga; Bum-Jin Park; Masayuki Miwa; Michiko Takagaki; Yoshifumi Miyazaki. Physiological and psychological effects of walking on young males in urban parks in winter. Journal of Physiological Anthropology 2013, 32, 18 -18.
AMA StyleChorong Song, Dawou Joung, Harumi Ikei, Miho Igarashi, Mariko Aga, Bum-Jin Park, Masayuki Miwa, Michiko Takagaki, Yoshifumi Miyazaki. Physiological and psychological effects of walking on young males in urban parks in winter. Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 2013; 32 (1):18-18.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChorong Song; Dawou Joung; Harumi Ikei; Miho Igarashi; Mariko Aga; Bum-Jin Park; Masayuki Miwa; Michiko Takagaki; Yoshifumi Miyazaki. 2013. "Physiological and psychological effects of walking on young males in urban parks in winter." Journal of Physiological Anthropology 32, no. 1: 18-18.