An absorption refrigeration system (ARS) is an alternative to the conventional mechanical compression system for cold production. This study developed a novel calculation model using the Matlab language for the thermodynamic analysis of ARS. It was found to be reliable in LiCl-H₂O and LiBr-H₂O ARS simulations and the parametric study was performed in detail. Moreover, two 50 kW water-cooled single effect absorption chillers were simply designed to analyze their off-design behaviors. The results indicate that LiCl-H₂O ARS had a higher coefficient of performance (COP) and exergetic efficiency, particularly in the lower generator or higher condenser temperature conditions, but it operated more restrictively due to crystallization. The off-design analyses revealed that the preponderant performance of LiCl-H₂O ARS was mainly due to its better solution properties because the temperature of each component was almost the same for both chillers in the operation. The optimum inlet temperature of hot water for LiCl-H₂O (83 °C) was lower than that of LiBr-H₂O (98 °C). The cooling water inlet temperature should be controlled within 41 °C, otherwise the performances are discounted heavily. The COP and cooling capacity could be improved by increasing the temperature of hot water or chilled water properly, contrary to the exergetic efficiency.

At present, many modification methods have been proposed to improve the performance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). In this study, tests on the compressive strength and damping properties of modified RAC with the addition of different proportions of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) (0, 50, 100%), rubber powder (10, 15, 20%), steel fibre (5, 7.5, 10%) and fly ash (15, 20, 5%) are carried out. To elucidate the effect of the modification method on the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) performance of RAC, model ITZ specimens are used for push-out tests. The results show that when the replacement rate of RCA reaches 100%, the loss factor of the RAC is 6.0% higher than that of natural aggregate concrete; however, the compressive strength of the RAC decreases by 22.6%. With the addition of 20% rubber powder, the damping capacity of the modified RAC increases by 213.7%, while the compressive strength of the modified RAC decreases by 47.5%. However, with the addition of steel fibre and fly ash, both the compressive strength and loss factor of the RAC specimens increase. With a steel fibre content of 10 wt%, the compressive strength and loss factor of the RAC increase by 21.9% and 15.2%, respectively. With a fly ash content of 25 wt%, the compressive strength and loss factor of the RAC increase by 8.6% and 6.9%, respectively. This demonstrates that steel fibre and fly ash are effective in improving both the damping properties and compressive strength of RAC, and steel fibre is more effective than fly ash. Two methods were used for modification of the RAC: reinforcing the RCA through impregnation with a 0.5% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsion and nano-SiO ₂ solution, and strengthening the RAC integrally through the addition of fly ash as an admixture. Both of these techniques can improve the ITZ bond strength between the RAC and new mortar. Replacing 10% of the cement with fly ash in the new mortar is shown to be the best method to improve the ITZ strength.

This study aims to evaluate the pavement performance of permeable asphalt concrete (PAC) produced with modified recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) based on six types of single modification methods and three types of double modification methods. Firstly, the water absorption, apparent density, and crushing value of the RCA before and after modification were tested. Subsequently, the performance of PAC with these types of modified RCA was investigated, including the optimum asphalt-aggregate ratio, water stability, high-temperature performance, and low-temperature crack. The test results show that the physical properties of RCA were improved to some extent owing to the modification methods adopted, except that the water absorption of RCA-C and RCA-PC increased by 33.5% and 32.6%, respectively, compared with that of RCA. This increase in the water absorption was attributed to the high water absorption of the cement mortar. As a whole, various modification methods have different effects on the road performance of asphalt mixtures, and soaking RCA with slag powder and silane coupling agent was prominent among them. Compared with the PAC with RCA, the Marshall stability, Marshall stability of immersion, residual stability, TSR, dynamic stability and low-temperature tensile strength of PAC with RCA-SLSC were increased by 31.8%, 41.0%, 7.0%, 5.8%, 280.7% and 17.2%, respectively.