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Shuang Chen
Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China

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Article
Published: 24 April 2021 in Chinese Geographical Science
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As the major source of air pollution, sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions have become the focus of global attention. However, existing studies rarely consider spatial effects when discussing the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and SO2 emissions. This study took the Yangtze River Delta as the research area and used the spatial panel data of 26 cities in this region for 2004–2017. The study investigated the spatial agglomeration effects and dynamics at work in FDI and SO2 emissions by using global and local measures of spatial autocorrelation. Then, based on regression analysis using a results of traditional ordinary least squares (OLS) model and a spatial econometric model, the spatial Durbin model (SDM) with spatial-time effects was adopted to quantify the impact of FDI on SO2 emissions, so as to avoid the regression results bias caused by ignoring the spatial effects. The results revealed a significant spatial autocorrelation between FDI and SO2 emissions, both of which displayed obvious path dependence characteristics in their geographical distribution. A series of agglomeration regions were observed on the spatial scale. The estimation results of the SDM showed that FDI inflow promoted SO2 emissions, which supports the pollution haven hypothesis. The findings of this study are significant in the prevention and control of air pollution in the Yangtze River Delta.

ACS Style

Zheng Guo; Sophia Shuang Chen; Shimou Yao; Anna Charles Mkumbo. Does Foreign Direct Investment Affect SO2 Emissions in the Yangtze River Delta? A Spatial Econometric Analysis. Chinese Geographical Science 2021, 31, 400 -412.

AMA Style

Zheng Guo, Sophia Shuang Chen, Shimou Yao, Anna Charles Mkumbo. Does Foreign Direct Investment Affect SO2 Emissions in the Yangtze River Delta? A Spatial Econometric Analysis. Chinese Geographical Science. 2021; 31 (3):400-412.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zheng Guo; Sophia Shuang Chen; Shimou Yao; Anna Charles Mkumbo. 2021. "Does Foreign Direct Investment Affect SO2 Emissions in the Yangtze River Delta? A Spatial Econometric Analysis." Chinese Geographical Science 31, no. 3: 400-412.

Journal article
Published: 10 October 2020 in Applied Geography
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Land use changes in the tropics under the pressure of population growth have attracted wide attention. In this study, the riparian area with more settlements was selected to explore the land use temporal-spatial characteristics of the less developed Lake Tanganyika region. The study methods employed mainly included land use transition matrix, kernel density estimation, grid and buffer analysis of the ArcGIS software and remote sensing image processing. The changes of land use mainly reflected in the transformation between different land types, among which the conversion from forestland into arable land constituted the major event. Though the land use change rate was not so significant for the whole region, dramatic changes occurred around the towns especially in the northern area. It was found that a circle of arable land of about 6 km in width and more than 40% arable land density composed the farming hinterland of the major towns. Moreover, with the forest transition theory the change trends of land use and their influencing factors were analysed. The findings in this study should be helpful for the land use simulation and planning in similar riparian areas. For better understanding the dynamic of land use change, a future additional in-depth study at extensive spatial and temporal scale is appealed.

ACS Style

Liting Xu; Shuhe Zhao; Sophia Shuang Chen; Cheng Yu; Buyun Lei. Analysis of arable land distribution around human settlements in the riparian area of Lake Tanganyika in Africa. Applied Geography 2020, 125, 102344 .

AMA Style

Liting Xu, Shuhe Zhao, Sophia Shuang Chen, Cheng Yu, Buyun Lei. Analysis of arable land distribution around human settlements in the riparian area of Lake Tanganyika in Africa. Applied Geography. 2020; 125 ():102344.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liting Xu; Shuhe Zhao; Sophia Shuang Chen; Cheng Yu; Buyun Lei. 2020. "Analysis of arable land distribution around human settlements in the riparian area of Lake Tanganyika in Africa." Applied Geography 125, no. : 102344.

Journal article
Published: 17 July 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Phosphorus discharge in urban household consumption system has an important impact on the urban ecological environment, especially the surface water environment. In this study, a framework and its accounting model of phosphorus flow analysis in urban household consumption system by means of SFA (substance flow analysis) was constructed. Based on the accounting model, the flow of phosphorus in the urban household consumption system of Dar es Salaam was described quantitatively, and the results demonstrated: (1) the total phosphorus input, stock and output of urban household consumption system in Dar es Salaam were 4874t of P, 59t of P and 4815t of P, respectively. In terms of system input of phosphorus, residents’ food consumption had a decisive impact on the system's phosphorus input (4765t of P, 97.76%), while the contribution of detergent to the phosphorus input of the system was small. In terms of system phosphorus output, human feces and urine phosphorus output accounted for the majority of the total system phosphorus output (2313t of P, 48.04%). The total phosphorus output of domestic garbage, wastewater and food processing loss were 1464t of P (30.41%), 561t of P (11.65%), 477t of P (9.90%), respectively. (2) There were 2314t of P discharged into surface water through human feces and urine and domestic wastewater, which had a negative impact on the prevention and control of surface water pollution. 34t of P came from scattered garbage storage and 315t of P came from centralized garbage storage due to limited treatment capacity of waste treatment plant. Centralized storage and decentralized storage increased the risk of further phosphate loss. (3) Accelerated urbanization, rapid economic development and low sewage treatment capacity would cause more phosphorus loss, and Dar es Salaam faced great challenges in P discharge reduction and pollution control. Finally, we proposed policy recommendations for P discharge reduction including the guidance to the reasonable dietary structure with low phosphorus, the promotion of cleaning products with less phosphorus and no phosphorus, and the construction of garbage treatment and sewage treatment infrastructure.

ACS Style

Chuanhe Xiong; Zheng Guo; Sophia Shuang Chen; Qun Gao; Mary A. Kishe; Qiushi Shen. Understanding the pathway of phosphorus metabolism in urban household consumption system: A case study of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 274, 122874 .

AMA Style

Chuanhe Xiong, Zheng Guo, Sophia Shuang Chen, Qun Gao, Mary A. Kishe, Qiushi Shen. Understanding the pathway of phosphorus metabolism in urban household consumption system: A case study of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 274 ():122874.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chuanhe Xiong; Zheng Guo; Sophia Shuang Chen; Qun Gao; Mary A. Kishe; Qiushi Shen. 2020. "Understanding the pathway of phosphorus metabolism in urban household consumption system: A case study of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania." Journal of Cleaner Production 274, no. : 122874.

Journal article
Published: 07 May 2020 in Sustainability
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Rapid urbanization in developing countries has been accompanied by the spread of informal settlements, which is particularly prominent in sub-Saharan Africa. These settlements have become an important supplement to the inadequate formal housing supply in cities, and their spontaneously formed spatial patterns have important influences on sustainable development. In this study, qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to examine the morphological characteristics of informal settlements in Tanzania and the associated influences on urban development. Geographic spatial analyses, landscape pattern indices, and mathematical statistics, along with quick assessments, group discussions, and key informant interviews, were used to obtain detailed information on the spatial forms of informal settlements. The results indicate that the form of the settlements does not conform to the social, economic, or environmental characteristics of sustainable development. The disordered expansion of single-layered buildings with a single function, irregular road networks in poor condition, and a lack of consideration and protection of the ecological environment were found to negatively impact urban function and sustainable development. However, the structure and form of informal settlements could, in addition to formalization projects, be optimized to drive sustainable and socioeconomic development goals as well as environmental conservation.

ACS Style

Jiaqi Zhang; Sophia Shuang Chen; Qun Gao; Qiushi Shen; Ismael Aaron Kimirei; Damas William Mapunda. Morphological Characteristics of Informal Settlements and Strategic Suggestions for Urban Sustainable Development in Tanzania: Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, and Kigoma. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3807 .

AMA Style

Jiaqi Zhang, Sophia Shuang Chen, Qun Gao, Qiushi Shen, Ismael Aaron Kimirei, Damas William Mapunda. Morphological Characteristics of Informal Settlements and Strategic Suggestions for Urban Sustainable Development in Tanzania: Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, and Kigoma. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3807.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiaqi Zhang; Sophia Shuang Chen; Qun Gao; Qiushi Shen; Ismael Aaron Kimirei; Damas William Mapunda. 2020. "Morphological Characteristics of Informal Settlements and Strategic Suggestions for Urban Sustainable Development in Tanzania: Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, and Kigoma." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3807.

Journal article
Published: 26 June 2019 in Sustainability
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Habitat quality (HQ) is of great significance to regional sustainable development, which is a key link for regional ecological security and human welfare. Assessing the temporal and spatial evolution of HQ caused by land-use change could provide a scientific basis for regional ecological protection and land management. Here, based on the ArcGIS platform and the InVEST model, this study quantified the spatial and temporal evolutions of land use, landscape patterns, and HQ from 1985 to 2015, in Taihu Lake Basin (TLB). Hotspot analysis tools were used to identify the spatial agglomeration and evolution characteristics of HQ in TLB. The results showed that, (1) the land use and landscape pattern in TLB experienced dramatic change process during 1985–2015, with the dominating conversion being from farmland to construction land, which led to an increase in landscape heterogeneity and fragmentation. (2) The HQ was generally reduced in the past 30 years. In particular, the decline of HQ was extremely severe in the peripheral area of cities and roads, due to urban sprawl. (3) Regarding the spatial distribution of HQ, the northern and eastern areas were generally higher, while the western and southern areas were generally lower. The hotspots areas were mainly located in the southwestern mountain area and west-central lake area, while the cold spots areas were mainly located in urban areas in the north and the east. (4) The area and degree of habitat degradation were both increased significantly due to land-use change, and the degradation of the Taihu Lake was highlighted. Strengthening the ecological environment management and reducing the threat of urban expansion to the HQ is urgently required. This study could help understand HQ of the TLB and provide a scientific basis for decision-makers.

ACS Style

Liting Xu; Sophia Chen; Yu Xu; Guangyu Li; Weizhong Su. Impacts of Land-Use Change on Habitat Quality during 1985–2015 in the Taihu Lake Basin. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3513 .

AMA Style

Liting Xu, Sophia Chen, Yu Xu, Guangyu Li, Weizhong Su. Impacts of Land-Use Change on Habitat Quality during 1985–2015 in the Taihu Lake Basin. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (13):3513.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liting Xu; Sophia Chen; Yu Xu; Guangyu Li; Weizhong Su. 2019. "Impacts of Land-Use Change on Habitat Quality during 1985–2015 in the Taihu Lake Basin." Sustainability 11, no. 13: 3513.

Research article
Published: 08 April 2019 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Extended stochastic impact by regression on population, affluence, and technology model incorporating ridge regression was used to analyze the driving mechanism of energy-related CO2 emissions in Kazakhstan during 1992–2014. The research period was divided into two stages based on GDP of Kazakhstan in 1991 (85.70 × 109 dollars), the first stage (1992–2002), GDP < 85.70 × 109 dollars, the stage of economic recovery; the second stage (2003–2014), GDP > 85.70 × 109 dollars, the stable economic development stage. The results demonstrated that (1) population scale and the technological improvement were the dominant contributors to promote the growth of the CO2 emissions during 1992–2014 in Kazakhstan. (2) Economic growth and industrialization played more positive effect on the increase of the CO2 emissions in the stable economic development stage (2003–2014) than those in the stage of economic recovery (1992–2002). The proportion of the tertiary industry, the trade openness, and foreign direct investment were transformed from negative factors into positive factors in the stable economic development stage (2003–2014). (3) Due to the over-urbanization of Kazakhstan before the independence, the level of urbanization continued to decline, urbanization was the first factor to curb CO2 emissions during 1992–2014. Finally, some policy recommendations are put forward to reduce energy-related carbon emissions.

ACS Style

Chuanhe Xiong; Shuang Chen; Rui Huang. Extended STIRPAT model-based driving factor analysis of energy-related CO2 emissions in Kazakhstan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019, 26, 15920 -15930.

AMA Style

Chuanhe Xiong, Shuang Chen, Rui Huang. Extended STIRPAT model-based driving factor analysis of energy-related CO2 emissions in Kazakhstan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019; 26 (16):15920-15930.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chuanhe Xiong; Shuang Chen; Rui Huang. 2019. "Extended STIRPAT model-based driving factor analysis of energy-related CO2 emissions in Kazakhstan." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26, no. 16: 15920-15930.

Journal article
Published: 13 December 2018 in Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science
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Compact urban form has been applied as a strategy to reduce the loss of green space that occurs from development, but the impact of this policy on the provision of green space still presents many uncertainties. This research investigated the statistical relationship between urban form indicators and the loss of vegetation biomass to understand the response of quality green space provision to changes in urban morphology. A methodology combining multi-source data assimilation, statistical analysis, and spatial analysis was adopted for the Yangtze River Delta cities of China. First, six urban metrics were selected to describe the shape and layout of urban patches in each city, and the total biomass loss index was then introduced as a parameter. The values of urban metrics and total biomass loss index were calculated for the 50 Yangtze River Delta cities. Second, ordinary least squares regression and geographically weighted regression analyses were then used to establish a quantitative relationship between total biomass loss index and urban form indicators. The results revealed an extremely negative correlation between total biomass loss index and the three urban variables of Richard compactness, density gradient, and the Gini coefficient; moreover, the parameter estimates for the three variables in the geographically weighted regression model were local and varied over space. Third, the mechanisms by which the urban form influences biomass loss were discussed and different urban form planning strategies for particular urban areas were suggested. In conclusion, compact urban form in a clustered layout of urban areas with a dense central agglomeration was verified to be ecologically superior and conducive to green space protection. For the physical interpretation of the statistical relationship between urban morphology and vegetation loss, the interface effect of urban agglomeration on vegetation merits further study.

ACS Style

Tong Zhang; Sophia Shuang Chen; Guangyu Li. Exploring the relationships between urban form metrics and the vegetation biomass loss under urban expansion in China. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 2018, 47, 363 -380.

AMA Style

Tong Zhang, Sophia Shuang Chen, Guangyu Li. Exploring the relationships between urban form metrics and the vegetation biomass loss under urban expansion in China. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science. 2018; 47 (3):363-380.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tong Zhang; Sophia Shuang Chen; Guangyu Li. 2018. "Exploring the relationships between urban form metrics and the vegetation biomass loss under urban expansion in China." Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 47, no. 3: 363-380.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Applied Geography
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Developing countries are facing unprecedented urbanization coupled with informal peri-urban growth, characterized by inadequate basic infrastructure provision. A large proportion of peri-urban populations particularly in the Sub-Saharan African region faces limited access to drinking water. Informal water suppliers of varying size and scale have become predominant and fill drinking water supply gap left by public utilities. This paper draws on qualitative and quantitative research approach to examine the state, role and inherent practices of informal water supply system in addressing peri-urban drinking water shortages along with consumers and stakeholders' attitudes towards the system. Open-ended and semi-structured questionnaires were used to interview private water providers, public officials, households and other stakeholders to document informal water supply practices. The results indicate that informal small-scale providers account for 100% of drinking water in peri-urban settlements, but water infrastructures are in the dire state as its investment is carried out without adequate professional guidance. Furthermore over 64.1% of the communities acknowledged the importance of informal water providers in increasing water access. However, their recognition contravened with public institutions’ position where 60% maintained that public water provision remains a viable option for peri-urban water access. Nevertheless, overall condition depicts that informal small-scale water supply systems remain pertinent and leading drinking water access options for many households in peri-urban settlements. Acknowledging its contribution along with integration into public regulatory mechanism can greatly contribute towards the improvement of water supply services to the majority of informal urban and peri-urban populations.

ACS Style

Damas William Mapunda; Sophia Shuang Chen; Cheng Yu. The role of informal small-scale water supply system in resolving drinking water shortages in peri-urban Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Applied Geography 2018, 92, 112 -122.

AMA Style

Damas William Mapunda, Sophia Shuang Chen, Cheng Yu. The role of informal small-scale water supply system in resolving drinking water shortages in peri-urban Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Applied Geography. 2018; 92 ():112-122.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Damas William Mapunda; Sophia Shuang Chen; Cheng Yu. 2018. "The role of informal small-scale water supply system in resolving drinking water shortages in peri-urban Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania." Applied Geography 92, no. : 112-122.

Original article
Published: 16 September 2016 in Environmental Earth Sciences
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Urbanization causes ecological problems around the world. Sustainable urban development requires a better understanding of impacts of urban pattern on an ecosystem. Taihu Basin as a representative region has experienced rapid development process over the past decade, while ecological effects of different development patterns were rarely examined. Taking net primary production (NPP) as an indicator of vegetation functions, NPP loss caused by urban development was investigated at 1-km grid level from 2000 to 2010. Our main finding is that urban development has encroached approximately 7499.50 km2, about 34.54 % of the total cropland, and incomplete development activities in rural areas have reduced more NPP than surrounding urban areas. The results revealed that urban development intensity has increased in most of the northern and eastern regions, which is far beyond the original urban boundary. Urban development patterns have varied effect on the ecosystem. Low levels of urban development and land utilization can affect a broader area than a highly developed urban area, while the latter has greater effects on average. In the context of rapid urbanization, reasonable city planning, effective land use policies and regulations must be implemented to realize sustainable development.

ACS Style

Guangyu Li; Hui Zhang; Shuang Chen; Jie Qiu; Xiaohui Wang. Assessing the impact of urban development on net primary productivity during 2000–2010 in Taihu Basin. Environmental Earth Sciences 2016, 75, 1266 .

AMA Style

Guangyu Li, Hui Zhang, Shuang Chen, Jie Qiu, Xiaohui Wang. Assessing the impact of urban development on net primary productivity during 2000–2010 in Taihu Basin. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2016; 75 (18):1266.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guangyu Li; Hui Zhang; Shuang Chen; Jie Qiu; Xiaohui Wang. 2016. "Assessing the impact of urban development on net primary productivity during 2000–2010 in Taihu Basin." Environmental Earth Sciences 75, no. 18: 1266.

Journal article
Published: 16 August 2012 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Most studies are concerned with the cooling effect of urban greenery, but some have also revealed that some patches changed from normal temperature areas (NTAs) into high temperature areas (HTAs). Landsat TMimages and ArcGIS software are used to analyze the HTA patterns in Nanjing, China. The HTAs’ lower limit temperature was defined as the 30.26 °C and the percentage of the HTAs in all greenery was 24.87%. The disturbance on the cooling effect existed but not evidently. The average impervious ratio (IR) and surface temperature (ST) of HTAs, respectively, were 3.76 times and higher 2.86 °C than those of NTAs. The structure of NTAs’ IR levels was extremely uneven but the HTAs’ were relatively even. However, the co-coefficient between the IR and ST in the whole greenery was small. Sampling analysis with the same ST and IR revealed that the complex environment in green buffer affected temperature differences; The adjacent HTAs, with its 89.78% in the study area, largely along the green patch, were far more than independent HTAs and presented a ring shape. Thus, the significantly heterogeneous urban environment inevitably resulted in diverse factors forming HTAs.

ACS Style

Weizhong Su; Guishan Yang; Shuang Chen; Yinbao Yang. Measuring the Pattern of High Temperature Areas in Urban Greenery of Nanjing City, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2012, 9, 2922 -2935.

AMA Style

Weizhong Su, Guishan Yang, Shuang Chen, Yinbao Yang. Measuring the Pattern of High Temperature Areas in Urban Greenery of Nanjing City, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2012; 9 (8):2922-2935.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weizhong Su; Guishan Yang; Shuang Chen; Yinbao Yang. 2012. "Measuring the Pattern of High Temperature Areas in Urban Greenery of Nanjing City, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 9, no. 8: 2922-2935.