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Stijn Speelman
Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium

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Journal article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Science of The Total Environment
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Despite providing important ecological functions, seagrass accumulation causes environmental and economic issues, including eutrophication and tourism reduction. Nowadays, seagrass wrack is commonly removed from the beaches and landfilled, which is considered the least desirable practice according to the European Union (EU) Waste Framework Directive In this study, different management strategies for seagrass valorisation, including anaerobic digestion (AD), composting and ecological restoration, were considered using a life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective. The aim of the work was to evaluate more ecological and economic alternatives to landfill and to provide a robust evaluation method for public and private companies. An economic assessment was subsequently conducted, considering both direct and indirect impacts with a life cycle costing (LCC) approach. A selected beach located in the Northeast Mediterranean Sea was considered as a relevant case-study. The environmental impacts of the seagrass management scenarios were evaluated with the method ReCiPe 2016H, using both midpoint and endpoint levels. LCA results showed that ecological restoration and AD were the best alternatives in terms of environmental performances because of biogas production used as a renewable energy source. The impacts of the alternative management strategies were significantly lower than the current landfill strategy, -70% considering the categories of human health, ecosystems and resources, and -95% considering global warming potential category. The LCC analysis proved that composting was the best alternative (NPV > 1.27 M€), due to lower operating costs and higher fertilizer value. The obtained results can help beach management companies and public administrations to select the best operational strategies to reduce the environmental and economic impact of seagrass collection and treatment.

ACS Style

Matia Mainardis; Francesca Magnolo; Carmen Ferrara; Charlene Vance; Gloria Misson; Giovanni De Feo; Stijn Speelman; Fionnuala Murphy; Daniele Goi. Alternative seagrass wrack management practices in the circular bioeconomy framework: A life cycle assessment approach. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 798, 149283 .

AMA Style

Matia Mainardis, Francesca Magnolo, Carmen Ferrara, Charlene Vance, Gloria Misson, Giovanni De Feo, Stijn Speelman, Fionnuala Murphy, Daniele Goi. Alternative seagrass wrack management practices in the circular bioeconomy framework: A life cycle assessment approach. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 798 ():149283.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matia Mainardis; Francesca Magnolo; Carmen Ferrara; Charlene Vance; Gloria Misson; Giovanni De Feo; Stijn Speelman; Fionnuala Murphy; Daniele Goi. 2021. "Alternative seagrass wrack management practices in the circular bioeconomy framework: A life cycle assessment approach." Science of The Total Environment 798, no. : 149283.

Journal article
Published: 14 July 2021 in Agronomy
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This paper focuses on the impact of the geographical indications (GIs) of Koerintji cinnamon on its value chain. The study was performed from September 2017 to November 2017 in Talang Kemuning, Kerinci regency, Indonesia. A village farmers’ group was surveyed using a semi-structured questionnaire, roundtable discussions, interviews, and direct observations to understand whether the GIs improve income, source of production, and promote product quality. Using a descriptive method, the literature on the topic was analyzed, and a value chain study was structured from the review’s findings. This helped us to better understand how GIs’ effects are dispersed among the chain actors and eventually enter the areas from which GI commodities originate. GIs generate added value, especially for farmers and buyers. Specifically, by using the GI Koerintji cinnamon’s handbook of requirements, the efficiency of farmers and buyers has improved. The studied population included farmers from Koerintji Cinnamon Jambi Geographical Indication Protection Society (MPIG-K2J) and Tani Saktik Alam Kerinci (TAKTIK), a farmer group. To obtain a GI, TAKTIK had to implement good agriculture practices and good manufacturing practices based on the handbook. Results show that farmers developed a system to monitor post-harvest handling in assuring a safe and high-quality supply to the global spices market. Following the book requirements, TAKTIK members follow specific procedures, including selecting raw materials, grading, origin verification, and quality control. Furthermore, GIs enable farmers to claim a price premium. As a result, GI Koerintji cinnamon’s presence has added value and credibility to TAKTIK farmers, leading to price improvement.

ACS Style

Sidi Menggala; Wouter Vanhove; Dimas Muhammad; Abdur Rahman; Stijn Speelman; Patrick Van Damme. The Effect of Geographical Indications (GIs) on the Koerintji Cinnamon Sales Price and Information of Origin. Agronomy 2021, 11, 1410 .

AMA Style

Sidi Menggala, Wouter Vanhove, Dimas Muhammad, Abdur Rahman, Stijn Speelman, Patrick Van Damme. The Effect of Geographical Indications (GIs) on the Koerintji Cinnamon Sales Price and Information of Origin. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (7):1410.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sidi Menggala; Wouter Vanhove; Dimas Muhammad; Abdur Rahman; Stijn Speelman; Patrick Van Damme. 2021. "The Effect of Geographical Indications (GIs) on the Koerintji Cinnamon Sales Price and Information of Origin." Agronomy 11, no. 7: 1410.

Journal article
Published: 30 January 2021 in Agricultural Systems
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Sustainable intensification (SI) is envisioned as an effective strategy for developing countries to increase farm productivity while reducing negative environmental and social externalities. The development of regionally appropriate SI options however requires accounting for the knowledge and preferences of key stakeholders. In Bangladesh, the Government has requested international donors to support the development of dry season rice expansion in the coastal region. Policies however tend to be made without adequate study of farmers' preferences and ambitions; this can render crop intensification efforts ineffective. Understanding farmers' preferences for alternative crops and crop management practices are therefore crucial for success where agricultural development investments aim at incorporating the principles of SI. Using coastal Bangladesh as a case study– we aim to (1) quantify farmers' preferences for alternative irrigated crop and crop management options in comparison to the status quo (land fallowing), (2) analyze whether farmers' preferences are conditioned by concerns regarding the cost and availability of irrigation and fertilizer inputs in comparison to expected net revenues, (3) understand how the heterogeneity in preferences can be attributed to farmer and/or farm characteristics, institutional, and biophysical factors, (4) determine how much farmers' are willing to invest in different crops and crop management options – including those reliant and not reliant on irrigation. Taking 300 farmers in two diverse coastal environments, a choice experiment (CE) was employed to explore the heterogeneity in farmers' preferences for different dry “rabi” season intensification options (‘boro’ rice, maize, wheat and mungbean) against the status quo (dry season land fallowing after harvest of the monsoon season rice crop). Analyses included random parameter logit modeling followed by willingness-to-invest and profit simulations. Analyses revealed strong farmer preferences against rice and in favor of irrigated maize, and also in favor of rainfed or partially irrigated mungbean as an alternative to land fallowing. Irrespective of their location and environmental conditions, respondents had largely a negative preference for irrigation and fertilizer use due to high investment costs and associated production risks in the dry season. Nonetheless, a significant positive effect on their willingness-to-intensify cropping was observed where farmers felt it feasible to provide in-field drainage to limit waterlogging risks. The study signifies the importance of accounting for farmers' preferences while developing context-specific SI policies. Improving agronomic investments, tenure security, market, credit and extension support are likely prerequisites, alongside targeted diffusion of stress-tolerant mungbean and maize varieties for SI in coastal Bangladesh.

ACS Style

Sreejith Aravindakshan; Timothy J. Krupnik; T.S. Amjath-Babu; Stijn Speelman; Juan Tur-Cardona; Pablo Tittonell; Jeroen C.J. Groot. Quantifying farmers' preferences for cropping systems intensification: A choice experiment approach applied in coastal Bangladesh's risk prone farming systems. Agricultural Systems 2021, 189, 103069 .

AMA Style

Sreejith Aravindakshan, Timothy J. Krupnik, T.S. Amjath-Babu, Stijn Speelman, Juan Tur-Cardona, Pablo Tittonell, Jeroen C.J. Groot. Quantifying farmers' preferences for cropping systems intensification: A choice experiment approach applied in coastal Bangladesh's risk prone farming systems. Agricultural Systems. 2021; 189 ():103069.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sreejith Aravindakshan; Timothy J. Krupnik; T.S. Amjath-Babu; Stijn Speelman; Juan Tur-Cardona; Pablo Tittonell; Jeroen C.J. Groot. 2021. "Quantifying farmers' preferences for cropping systems intensification: A choice experiment approach applied in coastal Bangladesh's risk prone farming systems." Agricultural Systems 189, no. : 103069.

Journal article
Published: 20 January 2021 in Agronomy
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While several studies have focused on the actual adoption of agricultural apps and the relevance of the apps’ content, very few studies have focused on drivers of the farmer’s intention and initial decision to adopt. Based on a survey of 394 smallholder farmers in 2019, this study investigated willingness to adopt an agricultural advice app in Guanajuato, Mexico. A structural equation modeling approach, based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), was applied. To understand the farmers’ adoption decisions, extended constructs were studied (e.g., mastery-approach goals) along with the farmers’ age and participation in an innovation hub. Results showed that the intention to adopt the app is predicted by how farmers appraise the technical infrastructure and acquire new knowledge by using an app. The multi-group analysis revealed that performance expectancy is a relevant predictor of the intention to adopt, whereas the mastery-approach goal is relevant only for younger farmers and farmers not connected to the innovation hub. This study provides valuable insights about the innovation hubs’ role in the intention to adopt apps, offering precision agriculture advice in developing countries. The findings are useful for practitioners and app developers designing digital-decision support tools.

ACS Style

Janet Molina-Maturano; Nele Verhulst; Juan Tur-Cardona; David Güereña; Andrea Gardeazábal-Monsalve; Bram Govaerts; Stijn Speelman. Understanding Smallholder Farmers’ Intention to Adopt Agricultural Apps: The Role of Mastery Approach and Innovation Hubs in Mexico. Agronomy 2021, 11, 194 .

AMA Style

Janet Molina-Maturano, Nele Verhulst, Juan Tur-Cardona, David Güereña, Andrea Gardeazábal-Monsalve, Bram Govaerts, Stijn Speelman. Understanding Smallholder Farmers’ Intention to Adopt Agricultural Apps: The Role of Mastery Approach and Innovation Hubs in Mexico. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (2):194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Janet Molina-Maturano; Nele Verhulst; Juan Tur-Cardona; David Güereña; Andrea Gardeazábal-Monsalve; Bram Govaerts; Stijn Speelman. 2021. "Understanding Smallholder Farmers’ Intention to Adopt Agricultural Apps: The Role of Mastery Approach and Innovation Hubs in Mexico." Agronomy 11, no. 2: 194.

Journal article
Published: 05 November 2020 in Food Quality and Preference
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Considering population aging and the adverse health consequences older adults face due to protein malnutrition, older adults’ protein intake is receiving increasing attention. Meanwhile, growing concern around the world’s environmental challenges has elucidated the crucial role of dietary choices. This study gives insight into more sustainable ways of increasing older adults’ (≥65) protein intake in the European Union (EU) to prevent protein malnutrition. A choice experiment (n = 2159) was conducted in five EU countries (the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Poland, Finland, and Spain). Multinomial choice modeling shows that the majority of older adults accept protein-enriched burgers. Overall they prefer red meat and poultry above plant-based burgers. For red meat and poultry burgers, older adults prefer products with carbon labels indicating lower environmental impact. Latent class modeling identified four consumer segments. The largest segment (41%), “Meatlovers”, are not likely to change their red meat and poultry consumption. However, carbon labeling entails some opportunity. “Eco-friendly” consumers (28%) are willing to consume protein from more sustainable sources and herewith constitute the primary target group. “Poultry lovers” (12%) are most likely to shift their protein consumption based on health-related motives. Further research is recommended to identify sustainable protein-rich products for older adults who dislike burgers (19%). Subsequent consumer profiling indicates that intentions to consume sustainable protein-enriched burgers are associated with gender, country, importance attached to health, sustainability and familiarity, knowledge on protein and their environmental impact. In contrast, financial situation, importance attached to price, convenience, and sensory appeal are not associated with older adults’ preferences.

ACS Style

Ieben Broeckhoven; Wim Verbeke; Juan Tur-Cardona; Stijn Speelman; Yung Hung. Consumer valuation of carbon labeled protein-enriched burgers in European older adults. Food Quality and Preference 2020, 89, 104114 .

AMA Style

Ieben Broeckhoven, Wim Verbeke, Juan Tur-Cardona, Stijn Speelman, Yung Hung. Consumer valuation of carbon labeled protein-enriched burgers in European older adults. Food Quality and Preference. 2020; 89 ():104114.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ieben Broeckhoven; Wim Verbeke; Juan Tur-Cardona; Stijn Speelman; Yung Hung. 2020. "Consumer valuation of carbon labeled protein-enriched burgers in European older adults." Food Quality and Preference 89, no. : 104114.

Journal article
Published: 22 September 2020 in Forests
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A large community of scientists has demonstrated that millions of people located in tropical zones derive a significant proportion of their livelihoods from the extraction of non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Despite these results, questions remain as to whether the valorisation of NTFPs can sustainably contribute to the improvement of the livelihood assets of the extractors. This study therefore evaluated the contribution of NTFP valorisation to the livelihood assets of local people around the northern periphery of the Dja Faunal Reserve (DFR), East Cameroon. To achieve this objective, data collected from 215 households in 32 villages were analyzed using factor analysis, Mann–Whitney U tests, and structural equation modelling. The results suggest that NTFP valorisation significantly contributes to the livelihood assets of local people at the periphery of the DFR. However, NTFP revenue was not significant in predicting their livelihood assets. Moreover, the local conservation management practices were not significant in predicting the livelihood assets in the long run. The results also revealed that individuals who received training and capacity building on good practices such as efficient collection techniques, effective drying techniques, and good conservation techniques earned better revenues and the impact on their livelihood was more significant than for those who did not. These results therefore recommend that the way forward for NTFP valorisation lies at the level of improving its quality and the market.

ACS Style

Manfred Aimé Epanda; Romaric Tsafack Donkeng; Fidoline Ngo Nonga; Daniel Frynta; Nwafi Ngeayi Adi; Jacob Willie; Stijn Speelman. Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Product Valorisation to the Livelihood Assets of Local People in the Northern Periphery of the Dja Faunal Reserve, East Cameroon. Forests 2020, 11, 1019 .

AMA Style

Manfred Aimé Epanda, Romaric Tsafack Donkeng, Fidoline Ngo Nonga, Daniel Frynta, Nwafi Ngeayi Adi, Jacob Willie, Stijn Speelman. Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Product Valorisation to the Livelihood Assets of Local People in the Northern Periphery of the Dja Faunal Reserve, East Cameroon. Forests. 2020; 11 (9):1019.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Aimé Epanda; Romaric Tsafack Donkeng; Fidoline Ngo Nonga; Daniel Frynta; Nwafi Ngeayi Adi; Jacob Willie; Stijn Speelman. 2020. "Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Product Valorisation to the Livelihood Assets of Local People in the Northern Periphery of the Dja Faunal Reserve, East Cameroon." Forests 11, no. 9: 1019.

Research article
Published: 01 August 2020 in Journal of South Asian Development
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Social networks influence technology diffusion but targeting formal leaders (institutional central nodes) may lead to distributional consequences. This paper analyzes the role of informal social networks in technology diffusion in a socially hierarchical caste-based society. Often, information flow and technology diffusion are constrained by social and economic boundaries where informal nodes such as caste play a very decisive role in everyday life. Proper targeting and dissemination of technology to the marginalized sections of society are very important for their development. We observed that only one-fourth of farmers cultivate newer varieties which include hybrids and recently released high yielding varieties. The results showed that individuals belonging to marginal groups are influential and act as informal leaders when they are the dominant caste in the village. Progressive farmers are found to fail in disseminating new varieties, and targeting influential informal leaders who belong to the dominant caste of the village appears to be a better strategy. Among non-dominant caste members, influential leaders belonging to Other Backward Classes (OBCs) or Scheduled Tribes (STs) are more desirable targets than other caste groups. The more concentrated a network is in terms of its caste composition, the faster will be the spread of any technology.

ACS Style

Ishika Gupta; Prakashan Chellattan Veettil; Stijn Speelman. Caste, Social Networks and Variety Adoption. Journal of South Asian Development 2020, 15, 155 -183.

AMA Style

Ishika Gupta, Prakashan Chellattan Veettil, Stijn Speelman. Caste, Social Networks and Variety Adoption. Journal of South Asian Development. 2020; 15 (2):155-183.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ishika Gupta; Prakashan Chellattan Veettil; Stijn Speelman. 2020. "Caste, Social Networks and Variety Adoption." Journal of South Asian Development 15, no. 2: 155-183.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Due to their potential economic, social, and environmental benefits, frugal innovations have gained the attention of firms, policy-makers, and researchers, particularly with respect to the needs of communities at the Bottom of the Pyramid. However, there is a lack of comprehensive systematic approaches to evaluate their impact on sustainable development certainly in geographical regions with limited available data. Hence, this study evaluated the sustainability of two latent frugal innovations in México and the motivation of their innovators, specifically of an ecological wastewater treatment plant and a rainwater harvesting system. Applying a case study methodology, the two cases were investigated using an online questionnaire, expert interviews, document analysis, and a recently developed sustainability evaluation framework. The results showed that frugal innovations are related to the concepts of catalytic and social innovation, sharing motivations by innovators and innovations’ features. In addition, the results of the sustainability assessment by experts, which is rooted in the Sustainable Development Goals showed that both cases did not infringe any of the 17 goals, had a neutral impact on 33% and 48% of the SDGs and positively impacted all three dimensions of sustainability with a slight emphasis on social sustainability (with 31% and 19% of the overall impact). The present study proved that the framework is a useful and accessible tool for diverse actors, including innovators aiming to communicate the impact of their solutions or identifying risks/alerts at scaling-up phases. While the explorative nature and the limited number of cases investigated limits the scope for generalisation, the in-depth study of the selected cases of water innovation in their specific contexts nevertheless produced valuable insights for further research, especially regarding the integrated investigation of social, frugal and catalytic perspectives on innovation in Central and Latin America, and the quantification of impacts on sustainable development using comprehensive research approaches.

ACS Style

Janet Molina-Maturano; Julien Bucher; Stijn Speelman. Understanding and evaluating the sustainability of frugal water innovations in México: An exploratory case study. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 274, 122692 .

AMA Style

Janet Molina-Maturano, Julien Bucher, Stijn Speelman. Understanding and evaluating the sustainability of frugal water innovations in México: An exploratory case study. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 274 ():122692.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Janet Molina-Maturano; Julien Bucher; Stijn Speelman. 2020. "Understanding and evaluating the sustainability of frugal water innovations in México: An exploratory case study." Journal of Cleaner Production 274, no. : 122692.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2020 in Ecosystem Services
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Food production often leads to environmental degradation. Consequently, insights into ecosystem functioning in relation to exploitation are needed as a basis for socioeconomically acceptable mitigation of these impacts. A Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) model is developed to link three major ecosystem services (ES), i.e. food production, water provision and ecotourism, and determine the effect of local agricultural practices and management on the ES in the Guayas Basin (Ecuador). Several data sources were integrated into the BBN model, including processed spatial data from primary and secondary sources, sampling and survey data, and expert knowledge. The model suggests that banana and sugar cane generate the highest yield but provide low ecotourism benefits. In contrast, cacao produces the lowest yields but contributes to better water quality. Scenario analyses suggest that environmental gains are possible by optimising the land use (LU) based on the edaphoclimatic requirements of crops. Moreover, the integration of LU optimisation with upscaling and farming intensification can allow for additional advantages in water provision and ecotourism while mitigating productivity losses. The BBN development approach can serve as a reference for other case studies, where data scarcity plays a limiting factor in the assessment of interactions between key ES.

ACS Style

Marie Anne Eurie Forio; Gonzalo Villa-Cox; Wout Van Echelpoel; Helena Ryckebusch; Koen Lock; Pieter Spanoghe; Arne Deknock; Niels De Troyer; Indira Nolivos Alvarez; Luis Dominguez-Granda; Stijn Speelman; Peter L.M. Goethals. Bayesian Belief Network models as trade-off tools of ecosystem services in the Guayas River Basin in Ecuador. Ecosystem Services 2020, 44, 101124 .

AMA Style

Marie Anne Eurie Forio, Gonzalo Villa-Cox, Wout Van Echelpoel, Helena Ryckebusch, Koen Lock, Pieter Spanoghe, Arne Deknock, Niels De Troyer, Indira Nolivos Alvarez, Luis Dominguez-Granda, Stijn Speelman, Peter L.M. Goethals. Bayesian Belief Network models as trade-off tools of ecosystem services in the Guayas River Basin in Ecuador. Ecosystem Services. 2020; 44 ():101124.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marie Anne Eurie Forio; Gonzalo Villa-Cox; Wout Van Echelpoel; Helena Ryckebusch; Koen Lock; Pieter Spanoghe; Arne Deknock; Niels De Troyer; Indira Nolivos Alvarez; Luis Dominguez-Granda; Stijn Speelman; Peter L.M. Goethals. 2020. "Bayesian Belief Network models as trade-off tools of ecosystem services in the Guayas River Basin in Ecuador." Ecosystem Services 44, no. : 101124.

Journal article
Published: 21 May 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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While concerns about the environmental effects of marine aquaculture have increased in recent decades, relatively little attention has gone to the measurement of the environmental performance of the sector and its determinants. Nevertheless, such information is required for proposing solutions to improve the production environment and thereby develop the sector in a sustainable way. Focusing on the case of marine lobster aquaculture in Vietnam, this study aims to measure its environmental efficiency by combining a material balance-based data envelopment analysis and meta-frontier data envelopment analysis. A bootstrapped truncated regression analysis is used to link the efficiency scores with characteristics of the farmer, the production and the production environment. The results show that environmental performance in marine aquaculture is influenced not only by the production practices but also by the production environment. On average, there is substantial scope to improve the environmental efficiency of lobster farms in Vietnam and differences between farms are large. Ornate lobster farming has significantly more environmental impact compared to scalloped lobster farming. An inappropriate input mix, in terms of nutrient content, is found to be one of the causes of environmental inefficiency. Moreover, farm size, the existence of other discharge and the distance to the nearest farm significantly affect the environmental efficiency of lobster farms in the study area.

ACS Style

Au Ton Nu Hai; Jef Van Meensel; Stijn Speelman. The factors influencing environmental performance of marine aquaculture: A combined material balance-based and meta-frontier approach. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 269, 122342 .

AMA Style

Au Ton Nu Hai, Jef Van Meensel, Stijn Speelman. The factors influencing environmental performance of marine aquaculture: A combined material balance-based and meta-frontier approach. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 269 ():122342.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Au Ton Nu Hai; Jef Van Meensel; Stijn Speelman. 2020. "The factors influencing environmental performance of marine aquaculture: A combined material balance-based and meta-frontier approach." Journal of Cleaner Production 269, no. : 122342.

Journal article
Published: 14 May 2020 in Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
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ACS Style

Hasan Yilmaz; Fekadu Gelaw; Stijn Speelman. Analysis of technical efficiency in milk production: a cross-sectional study on Turkish dairy farming. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 2020, 49, 1 .

AMA Style

Hasan Yilmaz, Fekadu Gelaw, Stijn Speelman. Analysis of technical efficiency in milk production: a cross-sectional study on Turkish dairy farming. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. 2020; 49 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hasan Yilmaz; Fekadu Gelaw; Stijn Speelman. 2020. "Analysis of technical efficiency in milk production: a cross-sectional study on Turkish dairy farming." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 49, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 11 April 2020 in Agricultural Water Management
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This paper examines the adoption of irrigation technologies and the underlying diversity in terms of intensity of adoption in 2 irrigated valleys in Central Chile. Results show a low and narrow range of adoption, with only 30 % of farmers adopting technologies. Through a Latent Class Analysis, 2 types of farmers were identified, a small group comprising moderate to intensive users, and a second one consisting of the majority of farmers mostly constrained in natural capital. Furthermore, the econometric analysis indicates that education, diversification, continuous access to water, and perception of water reliability increase the adoption. Conversely, higher water-land ratios, presence of community reservoirs, and earthen canals reduce the uptake. Overall, the dominance of fruit and horticulture production, access to agricultural credits, and full irrigation of the farm are the main drivers of adoption. The latter is a critical factor, indicating a relative abundance of water resources, which, alongside contextual characteristics, discourages farmers from implementing technologies. The low adoption rate, as well as the hindering factors, will challenge public and private organizations to design and implement policies aiming to improve water reliability and management. To generate incentives and increase awareness on the scarcity of the resource in the light of the predicted reductions in water availability because of climate change will be crucial as well.

ACS Style

Cristian Jordán; Stijn Speelman. On-farm adoption of irrigation technologies in two irrigated valleys in Central Chile: The effect of relative abundance of water resources. Agricultural Water Management 2020, 236, 106147 .

AMA Style

Cristian Jordán, Stijn Speelman. On-farm adoption of irrigation technologies in two irrigated valleys in Central Chile: The effect of relative abundance of water resources. Agricultural Water Management. 2020; 236 ():106147.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Jordán; Stijn Speelman. 2020. "On-farm adoption of irrigation technologies in two irrigated valleys in Central Chile: The effect of relative abundance of water resources." Agricultural Water Management 236, no. : 106147.

Journal article
Published: 09 January 2020 in Climate
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Myanmar is the country with the highest economic vulnerability (EV) to climate change in the Southeast Asian region. The dry zone of Myanmar occupies two-thirds of the agricultural lands and it has higher temperatures than elsewhere in the country. Climate change has severe impacts on agricultural production in this region. Moreover, changes in the precipitation patterns increase the likelihood of crop failures in the short-run and production declines in the long run. Therefore, an assessment of the economic impacts of climate change on crop production in the dry zone of Myanmar is very relevant. This paper examines the interactions between agriculture and climate and assesses the economic impact of climate change while using a Ricardian model. A cross-sectional survey covering three regions in the central dry zone: (Magwe, Mandalay, and Sagaing regions) was conducted, yielding a sample of 425 farmers. A non-linear relationship between climate indicators (temperature and precipitation) and revenue of land was found. The marginal effects were calculated by selecting economic and socio-demographic variables. The estimated marginal impacts suggest that the projected changes in temperature will affect the crop productivity of the region. The results also show that the temperature and rainfall components of global warming are both important. Predictions from three global circulation models all confirm that temperature is predicted to increase in all seasons. A significant marginal impact of increasing temperature on the net revenue of farm households was observed in the region. These findings call for policy makers and development planners to articulate the necessary climate change adaptation measures and mitigation options for reducing the negative impacts of climate change. Improved management and conservation of the available water resources could generate water for irrigation purposes and the dissemination of climate smart agricultural practices could lessen the negative impacts of climate change effects on agriculture in the dry zone of Myanmar.

ACS Style

Aung Tun Oo; Guido Van Huylenbroeck; Stijn Speelman. Measuring the Economic Impact of Climate Change on Crop Production in the Dry Zone of Myanmar: A Ricardian Approach. Climate 2020, 8, 9 .

AMA Style

Aung Tun Oo, Guido Van Huylenbroeck, Stijn Speelman. Measuring the Economic Impact of Climate Change on Crop Production in the Dry Zone of Myanmar: A Ricardian Approach. Climate. 2020; 8 (1):9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aung Tun Oo; Guido Van Huylenbroeck; Stijn Speelman. 2020. "Measuring the Economic Impact of Climate Change on Crop Production in the Dry Zone of Myanmar: A Ricardian Approach." Climate 8, no. 1: 9.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2019 in Marine Policy
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This paper used a combination of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis and analytical hierarchy process to analyze the challenges and prospects for the sustainable development of marine lobster aquaculture in Vietnam. This analysis was based on the participation of four stakeholder groups including representatives at the provincial level, district level, and commune level and lobster farmers. The results show that stakeholders have a relatively positive perception about the sustainable development of marine lobster aquaculture in Vietnam because they believe the strengths and opportunities outweigh the weaknesses and threats. The suitable natural conditions in Vietnam were considered as the most important strength, while the many untapped markets and the support of the government for the sector are key opportunities for further developing marine lobster aquaculture. The increased lobster mortality and frequency of disease outbreaks were considered as the main weaknesses. In addition, the complex development of disease pressure and the reliance on the Chinese market were considered the most crucial threats. The findings of this study can be used by policymakers in Vietnam to further develop the marine lobster aquaculture sector.

ACS Style

Au Ton Nu Hai; Stijn Speelman. Involving stakeholders to support sustainable development of the marine lobster aquaculture sector in Vietnam. Marine Policy 2019, 113, 103799 .

AMA Style

Au Ton Nu Hai, Stijn Speelman. Involving stakeholders to support sustainable development of the marine lobster aquaculture sector in Vietnam. Marine Policy. 2019; 113 ():103799.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Au Ton Nu Hai; Stijn Speelman. 2019. "Involving stakeholders to support sustainable development of the marine lobster aquaculture sector in Vietnam." Marine Policy 113, no. : 103799.

Journal article
Published: 03 December 2019 in Agronomy
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While a fierce debate about the advantages and disadvantages of genetically modified crops is ongoing, it is surprising that farmers are often not consulted. In Burkina Faso, where insect resistant Bollgard II® cotton (further termed Bt cotton) was commercially released in 2008, studies highlight that cotton producers are in general satisfied with the reduction in insecticide use while the economic benefits are a source of controversy. To gain insight into farmers’ preferences towards attributes in cotton cultivation, a discrete choice experiment (DCE) was developed. Five key attributes were identified to describe improved cotton varieties: seed development and provenance, seed costs, yield, required number of insecticide sprays, and preservation of agricultural practices. Farm-gate surveys were conducted among 324 cotton farmers in Western Burkina Faso. The results show that overall, farmers have a positive preference towards yield improvements and a negative preference towards pure private seed development and towards an increase in the requested number of insecticide applications or in the seed costs. According to their varieties at the time of the surveys (Bt and non-Bt), a difference was observed regarding their preferences for a status quo situation, indicating that those growing Bt had a stronger preference to keep the status quo than non-Bt farmers. When dividing the sample in segments based on the farm size, it was shown that there were different preferences with respect to the development of the variety and the required number of insecticide applications. Overall, it can be concluded from this study that economic benefits (linked to higher yields, lower seed costs, or reduced pesticide use) shape farmer’s preferences.

ACS Style

Edouard I. R. Sanou; Juan Tur-Cardona; Jeffrey D. Vitale; Bazoumana Koulibaly; Godelieve Gheysen; Stijn Speelman. Farmers’ Preferences for Cotton Cultivation Characteristics: A Discrete Choice Experiment in Burkina Faso. Agronomy 2019, 9, 841 .

AMA Style

Edouard I. R. Sanou, Juan Tur-Cardona, Jeffrey D. Vitale, Bazoumana Koulibaly, Godelieve Gheysen, Stijn Speelman. Farmers’ Preferences for Cotton Cultivation Characteristics: A Discrete Choice Experiment in Burkina Faso. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (12):841.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Edouard I. R. Sanou; Juan Tur-Cardona; Jeffrey D. Vitale; Bazoumana Koulibaly; Godelieve Gheysen; Stijn Speelman. 2019. "Farmers’ Preferences for Cotton Cultivation Characteristics: A Discrete Choice Experiment in Burkina Faso." Agronomy 9, no. 12: 841.

Journal article
Published: 27 November 2019 in Sustainability
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Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees & T. Nees) Blume is an endemic tree of up to 20 meters tall that grows in the surrounding forest in the Kerinci regency. Cinnamon is one of the most valuable non-timber forest products (NTFP) harvested from Kerinci. The tree is classified as an NTFP based on criteria set out by a regulation of the Indonesian Ministry of Forestry in 2007. As a result, it must be harvested sustainably. Its massive cultivation has caused deforestation in several areas in Kerinci. The objective of this paper is to assess the environmental impacts of continuous C. burmannii harvesting of the bark by clearcutting the whole tree. Intensive clearcutting, slash, and burn posed a significant threat for (wildlife) biodiversity in the habitat of C. burmannii. The study was performed in collaboration with the Institute for Agricultural Technology of Jambi (BPTP) from October 2018–January 2019. A harvester group in Lempur Mudik village was surveyed through a semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussions, interviews and direct observations on C. burmannii production methods and their impact on forest conservation. We discuss how young farmers can contribute to forest conservation through sustainable harvesting of cinnamon. We conclude by suggesting leverages for forest conservation and by proposing actions from the local and national governments that should be urgently taken to safeguard wildlife biodiversity in the surrounding forest.

ACS Style

Sidi Rana Menggala; Wouter Vanhove; Dimas Rahadian Aji Muhammad; Jon Hendri; Stijn Speelman; Patrick Van Damme. Sustainable Harvesting of Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees & T. Nees) Blume in Kerinci Regency, Indonesia. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6709 .

AMA Style

Sidi Rana Menggala, Wouter Vanhove, Dimas Rahadian Aji Muhammad, Jon Hendri, Stijn Speelman, Patrick Van Damme. Sustainable Harvesting of Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees & T. Nees) Blume in Kerinci Regency, Indonesia. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (23):6709.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sidi Rana Menggala; Wouter Vanhove; Dimas Rahadian Aji Muhammad; Jon Hendri; Stijn Speelman; Patrick Van Damme. 2019. "Sustainable Harvesting of Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees & T. Nees) Blume in Kerinci Regency, Indonesia." Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6709.

Review article
Published: 23 October 2019 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Constraint-based innovations, including frugal approaches, have attracted increasing interest across disciplines due to their potential to promote sustainable development while meeting Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) needs. However, the academic literature to date has resulted in overlapping terminology, lacks a robust theoretical basis and includes few sector-specific studies. This particularly applies to constraint-based innovation in agriculture, a crucial yet under-researched sector. A review of relevant literature from the last 12 years (2007–March 2019) was conducted to identify concepts and current theoretical underpinning. In total, 30 cases were identified and categorized under agricultural machinery, water for irrigation equipment, alternative farming systems, ICTs and mobile phone applications and biomass systems. Our analysis finds that ‘inclusive’ and ‘smallholder’ innovation concepts are used in an agricultural context; and that the innovation networks, direction of the innovation and scale are key attributes. Also that Appropriate Technology (AT) has proved its worth as a suitable outline for discussing lessons learned from unsuccessful innovations. The results also indicate that there is a need for further research on the integration of frameworks, such as the Technology Adoption Model (TAM) and the Sustainable Rural Livelihoods (SRL), to link constraint-based innovations with sustainable development at a local level. Finally, a framework is proposed for practitioners, as a starting point, to identify and research agricultural constraint-based innovations and their potential impact on sustainable development.

ACS Style

Janet Molina-Maturano; Stijn Speelman; Hans De Steur. Constraint-based innovations in agriculture and sustainable development: A scoping review. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 246, 119001 .

AMA Style

Janet Molina-Maturano, Stijn Speelman, Hans De Steur. Constraint-based innovations in agriculture and sustainable development: A scoping review. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 246 ():119001.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Janet Molina-Maturano; Stijn Speelman; Hans De Steur. 2019. "Constraint-based innovations in agriculture and sustainable development: A scoping review." Journal of Cleaner Production 246, no. : 119001.

Journal article
Published: 22 October 2019 in Aquaculture
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Marine aquaculture has increased in importance in most countries over recent decades. In order to develop this sector in a sustainable way, it is necessary to consider its environmental impacts. In Vietnam, marine cage lobster cultivation has been seen as a high return business. However, in recent years, the sector has been facing sustainability issues, with recurrent disease outbreaks and increased lobster mortality. These phenomena are linked to nutrient pollution, which is attributed to the overuse of feed inputs. The annual loss for the sector is reported to be up to 30 million USD. Local lobster farmers have reacted to these issues by spending more on antibiotics and chemicals, or by increasing efforts to clean cages. This behavior suggests that farmers perceive a conflict between reducing environmental pressure and improving the economic performance of the sector. In order to identify the relationship between cost and environmental efficiency, this paper uses a Material Balance Principle based Data Envelopment Analysis approach using a dataset of 353 marine cage lobster farms in Vietnam. The findings show that improvements in input use efficiency would result in both lower production costs and better environmental performance. If lobster farms were to become more cost efficient, using a more appropriate input mix, given the input price information, this would benefit the environment. Similarly, improving environmental performance generally also reduces production costs.

ACS Style

Au Ton Nu Hai; Stijn Speelman. Economic-environmental trade-offs in marine aquaculture: The case of lobster farming in Vietnam. Aquaculture 2019, 516, 734593 .

AMA Style

Au Ton Nu Hai, Stijn Speelman. Economic-environmental trade-offs in marine aquaculture: The case of lobster farming in Vietnam. Aquaculture. 2019; 516 ():734593.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Au Ton Nu Hai; Stijn Speelman. 2019. "Economic-environmental trade-offs in marine aquaculture: The case of lobster farming in Vietnam." Aquaculture 516, no. : 734593.

Journal article
Published: 14 June 2019 in Land Use Policy
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Using sustainable agriculture practices has various economic, social and environmental benefits. Determining the attitude of farmers toward risk is an important first step in understanding their behaviour and coping strategies to mitigate environmental risks. This paper investigates the dual impacts of some agricultural practices on agricultural yields and farmers’ livelihoods considering sustainable farmland. Cross-sectional data is collected from farmers in six rural villages in Tigray region, Northern Ethiopia using structured questionnaires. Results show that education, labour supply, agricultural extension services, attitudes, social capital, risk mitigation attitudes, farming experience and soil conditions are factors that significantly affect farmers’ decisions to adopt these practices. The practices are adopted either in isolation or jointly of integrated sustainable practices that increase crop production, household income and asset. Therefore, government and other development actors should promote their adoptions especially in drought-prone, degraded and water-stressed areas

ACS Style

Woldegebrial Zeweld; Guido Van Huylenbroeck; Girmay Tesfay; Hossein Azadi; Stijn Speelman. Sustainable agricultural practices, environmental risk mitigation and livelihood improvements: Empirical evidence from Northern Ethiopia. Land Use Policy 2019, 95, 103799 .

AMA Style

Woldegebrial Zeweld, Guido Van Huylenbroeck, Girmay Tesfay, Hossein Azadi, Stijn Speelman. Sustainable agricultural practices, environmental risk mitigation and livelihood improvements: Empirical evidence from Northern Ethiopia. Land Use Policy. 2019; 95 ():103799.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Woldegebrial Zeweld; Guido Van Huylenbroeck; Girmay Tesfay; Hossein Azadi; Stijn Speelman. 2019. "Sustainable agricultural practices, environmental risk mitigation and livelihood improvements: Empirical evidence from Northern Ethiopia." Land Use Policy 95, no. : 103799.

Articles
Published: 01 March 2019 in Agrekon
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In the literature, there are limited studies on how socio-psychological factors affect farmers' attitudes towards risks. Therefore, this paper looks into this issue in Ethiopia for better understanding of how socio-psychological issues influence farmers' risk attitudes. The study uses data from a cross-sectional survey and a generalised ordered logistic regression is used to analyse the data. The findings show that farmers perceive natural hazards, input and output price volatility, technological risks, financial shocks and human security as the main sources of risks for agricultural production and livelihoods. Farmers’ risk attitudes were assessed dividing them into three categories from more to less risk averse. Education, relational capital, attitudes, group membership, technical training and household sise were found to be the factors influencing farmers’ risk attitudes. Farmers who can read and write, who have strong social capital and who have received training are less risk averse. Finally, this study confirms the importance of positive attitudes, strong social capital (group membership and relational capital) and satisfactory competence to motivate farmers to take risks related to technological innovations and others in the agricultural production. Therefore, attention should be given to specific initiatives to enhance their awareness, build their adaptive capacity to shocks and hazards, provide timely and up-to-date information, and improve their skills and knowledge. These issues would help to avert the risk aversion of smallholder farmers, who are usually thought to be risk-averse in low-income economies and to stimulate them to adopt sustainable agriculture and technological innovations, which are expected to improve agricultural production and enhance the tolerance of local systems for risks and shocks.

ACS Style

Woldegebrial Zeweld; Guido Van Huylenbroeck; Girmay Tesfay; Stijn Speelman. Impacts of socio-psychological factors on smallholder farmers’ risk attitudes: empirical evidence and implications. Agrekon 2019, 58, 253 -279.

AMA Style

Woldegebrial Zeweld, Guido Van Huylenbroeck, Girmay Tesfay, Stijn Speelman. Impacts of socio-psychological factors on smallholder farmers’ risk attitudes: empirical evidence and implications. Agrekon. 2019; 58 (2):253-279.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Woldegebrial Zeweld; Guido Van Huylenbroeck; Girmay Tesfay; Stijn Speelman. 2019. "Impacts of socio-psychological factors on smallholder farmers’ risk attitudes: empirical evidence and implications." Agrekon 58, no. 2: 253-279.