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Jih-Tay Hsu
Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei 10673, Taiwan

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Journal article
Published: 08 June 2019 in Toxins
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Zearalenone (ZEN) is an estrogenic mycotoxin which can cause loss in animal production. The aim of this study was to screen Bacillus strains for their ZEN detoxification capability and use a fermentation process to validate their potential application in the feed industry. In the high-level ZEN-contaminated maize (5 mg·kg−1) fermentation test, B2 strain exhibited the highest detoxification rate, removing 56% of the ZEN. However, B2 strain was not the strain with the highest ZEN detoxification in the culturing media. When B2 grew in TSB medium with ZEN, it had higher bacterial numbers, lactic acid, acetic acid, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia nitrogen. The ZEN-contaminated maize fermented by B2 strain had better fermentation characteristics (lactic acid > 110 mmol·L−1; acetic acid < 20 mmol·L−1; pH < 4.5) than ZEN-free maize. Furthermore, B2 also had detoxification capabilities toward aflatoxins B1, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1, and T2 toxin. Our study demonstrated differences in screening outcome between bacterial culturing conditions and the maize fermentation process. This is important for the feed industry to consider when choosing a proper method to screen candidate isolates for the pretreatment of ZEN-contaminated maize. It appears that using the fermentation process to address the ZEN-contaminated maize problem in animal feed is a reliable choice.

ACS Style

Shiau-Wei Chen; Han-Tsung Wang; Wei-Yuan Shih; Yan-An Ciou; Yu-Yi Chang; Laurensia Ananda; Shu-Yin Wang; Jih-Tay Hsu. Application of Zearalenone (ZEN)-Detoxifying Bacillus in Animal Feed Decontamination through Fermentation. Toxins 2019, 11, 330 .

AMA Style

Shiau-Wei Chen, Han-Tsung Wang, Wei-Yuan Shih, Yan-An Ciou, Yu-Yi Chang, Laurensia Ananda, Shu-Yin Wang, Jih-Tay Hsu. Application of Zearalenone (ZEN)-Detoxifying Bacillus in Animal Feed Decontamination through Fermentation. Toxins. 2019; 11 (6):330.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shiau-Wei Chen; Han-Tsung Wang; Wei-Yuan Shih; Yan-An Ciou; Yu-Yi Chang; Laurensia Ananda; Shu-Yin Wang; Jih-Tay Hsu. 2019. "Application of Zearalenone (ZEN)-Detoxifying Bacillus in Animal Feed Decontamination through Fermentation." Toxins 11, no. 6: 330.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2018 in Science of The Total Environment
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Aquaculture, one of the most important food production practices worldwide, faces serious challenges of mitigating the detrimental impacts of intensive farming on the environment and increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance. To develop an environment-friendly aquaculture system, a land-based and farm-scale sequentially integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system was established for farming Chanos chanos in southwestern Taiwan. In this system, fishes are cultured in combination with organic extractive shellfish and inorganic extractive seaweed. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sulfonamide-resistant bacteria, microbial community structure, and occurrence of sulfonamide resistance genes in the IMTA and traditional aquaculture systems. Water and sediment samples were collected before raising and after harvesting C. chanos. Our results showed that the occurrence of sulfonamide-resistant phenotypes in the IMTA system was comparable with that in influent seawater, while the traditional system exhibited a high sulfonamide resistance rate. Additionally, the traditional system resulted in a deviation of the bacterial community structure from that of seawater. In the water samples from the IMTA system and influent seawater, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the two dominant phyla, representing approximately 75% and 15% of the community, respectively. In the traditional system, Actinobacteria, constituting 39% of the community, was the dominant bacterial phylum. Thirty-one sulfonamide-resistant bacterial species were isolated. In conclusion, a sequentially IMTA system showed superior ability to maintain the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and the integrity of the bacterial community structure compared to the traditional farming system, representing a potentially valuable aquaculture system for preserving the sustainability of the marine environment.

ACS Style

Chingwen Ying; Man-Jung Chang; Chia-Hsin Hu; Yi-Tang Chang; Wei-Liang Chao; Shinn-Lih Yeh; Su-Jung Chang; Jih-Tay Hsu. The effects of marine farm-scale sequentially integrated multi-trophic aquaculture systems on microbial community composition, prevalence of sulfonamide-resistant bacteria and sulfonamide resistance gene sul1. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 643, 681 -691.

AMA Style

Chingwen Ying, Man-Jung Chang, Chia-Hsin Hu, Yi-Tang Chang, Wei-Liang Chao, Shinn-Lih Yeh, Su-Jung Chang, Jih-Tay Hsu. The effects of marine farm-scale sequentially integrated multi-trophic aquaculture systems on microbial community composition, prevalence of sulfonamide-resistant bacteria and sulfonamide resistance gene sul1. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 643 ():681-691.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chingwen Ying; Man-Jung Chang; Chia-Hsin Hu; Yi-Tang Chang; Wei-Liang Chao; Shinn-Lih Yeh; Su-Jung Chang; Jih-Tay Hsu. 2018. "The effects of marine farm-scale sequentially integrated multi-trophic aquaculture systems on microbial community composition, prevalence of sulfonamide-resistant bacteria and sulfonamide resistance gene sul1." Science of The Total Environment 643, no. : 681-691.

Article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
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Zearalenone (ZEA) is an estrogenic mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium species and frequently contaminates cereals used for food or animal feed. This study attempted to select lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with high esterase activity from the digestive tract, with the goal of using these bacteria for zearalenone (ZEA) detoxification. No ZEA activity related biotransformation products were observed in three isolates (B1, B2 and D10) during incubation in the presence of ZEA. All three LAB strains were Lactobacillus plantarum, but the API 50 CHL results suggested that three isolates are different strains. Increased esterase activity was associated with an increase in cell growth and the ZEA-detoxifying capabilities of isolates rely on the concentration of bacteria in the culture medium. The lipolytic activity and ZEA removal assay indicated that ZEA degradation by the supernatant fraction was dependent on esterase activity, the supernatant of B2 strain showed the highest ZEA degradation ability and did not release the binding ZEA back to the medium. The D10 strain showed fast ZEA binding ability during the late log phase but began to release the bound ZEA back to the medium after the early stationary phase. All isolates showed good acid and bile salt tolerance ability but all strains showed low adhesion ability to epithelial cells. Based on the ZEA removal characterization and the ability of the isolates, it suggested that the isolates could be applied on ZEA detoxification of contaminated feed, but the requirement of high cell number for ZEA binding and limited degradation time before absorption of ZEA in the digestive tract.

ACS Style

Shiau-Wei Chen; Jih-Tay Hsu; Yan-An Chou; Han-Tsung Wang. The application of digestive tract lactic acid bacteria with high esterase activity for zearalenone detoxification. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2018, 98, 3870 -3879.

AMA Style

Shiau-Wei Chen, Jih-Tay Hsu, Yan-An Chou, Han-Tsung Wang. The application of digestive tract lactic acid bacteria with high esterase activity for zearalenone detoxification. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2018; 98 (10):3870-3879.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shiau-Wei Chen; Jih-Tay Hsu; Yan-An Chou; Han-Tsung Wang. 2018. "The application of digestive tract lactic acid bacteria with high esterase activity for zearalenone detoxification." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 98, no. 10: 3870-3879.

Journals
Published: 06 July 2015 in Food & Function
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This study investigated the effect of yeast with bacteriocin (YB) on the homeostasis of lipid and glucose in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice.

ACS Style

Yi-Chen Tsai; Han-Tsung Wang; Jih-Tay Hsu; Yi-Hung Li; Ching-Yi Chen. Yeast with bacteriocin from ruminal bacteria enhances glucose utilization, reduces ectopic fat accumulation, and alters cecal microbiota in dietary-induced obese mice. Food & Function 2015, 6, 2727 -2735.

AMA Style

Yi-Chen Tsai, Han-Tsung Wang, Jih-Tay Hsu, Yi-Hung Li, Ching-Yi Chen. Yeast with bacteriocin from ruminal bacteria enhances glucose utilization, reduces ectopic fat accumulation, and alters cecal microbiota in dietary-induced obese mice. Food & Function. 2015; 6 (8):2727-2735.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yi-Chen Tsai; Han-Tsung Wang; Jih-Tay Hsu; Yi-Hung Li; Ching-Yi Chen. 2015. "Yeast with bacteriocin from ruminal bacteria enhances glucose utilization, reduces ectopic fat accumulation, and alters cecal microbiota in dietary-induced obese mice." Food & Function 6, no. 8: 2727-2735.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2015 in Journal of Dairy Science
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Goat β-casein (CSN2) promoter has been extensively used to derive expression of recombinant therapeutic protein in transgenic goats; however, little direct evidence exists for signaling molecules and the cis-elements of goat CSN2 promoter in response to lactogenic hormone stimulation in goat mammary epithelial cells. Here, we use an immortalized caprine mammary epithelial cell line (CMC) to search for evidence of the above. Serial 5'-flanking regions deleted of promoter and intron 1 in goat CSN2 (-4,047 to +2,054) driven by firefly luciferase reporter gene were constructed and applied to measure promoter activity in CMC. The intron 1 region (+393 to +501) significantly decreased basal activity of the promoter. This finding contradicts other studies of the role of intron 1. The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)5a played a significant role in activating promoter activity by prolactin stimulation. Hydrocortisone enhanced and prolonged the activity of STAT5a and promoter in CMC, but was independent of the glucocorticoid receptor response element. The minimum length of the CSN2 promoter segment in response to lactogenic stimulation was confirmed by 5' serial deletions. A cis-element located from -300 to -90 in proximal goat CSN2 promoter that is absent in bovine and human CSN2 promoter was newly identified. We demonstrated the presence of a STAT5a binding site (-102 to -82) and preservation of the guanosine nucleotide at position -90 based on responses to the presence of lactogenic hormone using internal deletions and point mutations of the predicted STAT5a binding site, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Together, these findings demonstrate that the proximal -300 bp of goat CSN2 promoter containing the STAT5a binding site (-102 to -82) is the response element for lactogenic hormone stimulation. Additionally, intron 1 may be required for tissue or developmental stage-specific expression in mammary gland. The role of the far-distal regions of goat CSN2 promoter in high-level lactogenic hormone induction and specific expression require further examination.

ACS Style

M.H. Kung; Y.J. Lee; Jih-Tay Hsu; M.C. Huang; Yu-Ten Ju. A functional study of proximal goat β-casein promoter and intron 1 in immortalized goat mammary epithelial cells. Journal of Dairy Science 2015, 98, 3859 -3875.

AMA Style

M.H. Kung, Y.J. Lee, Jih-Tay Hsu, M.C. Huang, Yu-Ten Ju. A functional study of proximal goat β-casein promoter and intron 1 in immortalized goat mammary epithelial cells. Journal of Dairy Science. 2015; 98 (6):3859-3875.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.H. Kung; Y.J. Lee; Jih-Tay Hsu; M.C. Huang; Yu-Ten Ju. 2015. "A functional study of proximal goat β-casein promoter and intron 1 in immortalized goat mammary epithelial cells." Journal of Dairy Science 98, no. 6: 3859-3875.

Original paper
Published: 26 July 2014 in Transgenic Research
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Competition between humans and livestock for cereal and legume grains makes it challenging to provide economical feeds to livestock animals. Recent increases in corn and soybean prices have had a significant impact on the cost of feed for pig producers. The utilization of byproducts and alternative ingredients in pig diets has the potential to reduce feed costs. Moreover, unlike ruminants, pigs have limited ability to utilize diets with high fiber content because they lack endogenous enzymes capable of breaking down nonstarch polysaccharides into simple sugars. Here, we investigated the feasibility of a transgenic strategy in which expression of the fungal cellulase transgene was driven by the porcine pancreatic amylase promoter in pigs. A 2,488 bp 5′-flanking region of the porcine pancreatic amylase gene was cloned by the genomic walking technique, and its structural features were characterized. Using GFP as a reporter, we found that this region contained promoter activity and had the potential to control heterologous gene expression. Transgenic pigs were generated by pronuclear microinjection. Founders and offspring were identified by PCR and Southern blot analyses. Cellulase mRNA and protein showed tissue-specific expression in the pancreas of F1 generation pigs. Cellulolytic enzyme activity was also identified in the pancreas of transgenic pigs. These results demonstrated the establishment of a tissue-specific promoter of the porcine pancreatic amylase gene. Transgenic pigs expressing exogenous cellulase may represent a way to increase the intake of low-cost, fiber-rich feeds.

ACS Style

Y. S. Lin; C. C. Yang; C. C. Hsu; Jih-Tay Hsu; Shinn-Chih Wu; C. J. Lin; W. T. K. Cheng. Establishment of a novel, eco-friendly transgenic pig model using porcine pancreatic amylase promoter-driven fungal cellulase transgenes. Transgenic Research 2014, 24, 61 -71.

AMA Style

Y. S. Lin, C. C. Yang, C. C. Hsu, Jih-Tay Hsu, Shinn-Chih Wu, C. J. Lin, W. T. K. Cheng. Establishment of a novel, eco-friendly transgenic pig model using porcine pancreatic amylase promoter-driven fungal cellulase transgenes. Transgenic Research. 2014; 24 (1):61-71.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Y. S. Lin; C. C. Yang; C. C. Hsu; Jih-Tay Hsu; Shinn-Chih Wu; C. J. Lin; W. T. K. Cheng. 2014. "Establishment of a novel, eco-friendly transgenic pig model using porcine pancreatic amylase promoter-driven fungal cellulase transgenes." Transgenic Research 24, no. 1: 61-71.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2014 in Journal of Hazardous Materials
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Antibiotics are commonly used in swine feed to treat and prevent disease, as well as to promote growth. Antibiotics released into the environment via wastewater could accelerate the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes in the surrounding environment. In this study, we quantified the occurrence of sulfonamides, sulfonamide-resistant microorganisms and resistance genes in the wastewater from a swine farm in northern Taiwan and its surrounding natural water bodies and soils. Sulfonamide levels were similar in the receiving downstream and upstream river water. However, the prevalence of sulfonamide-resistant bacteria and resistance genes, as analyzed by cultivation-dependent and -independent molecular approaches, was significantly greater in the downstream compared to the upstream river water samples. Barcoded-pyrosequencing revealed a highly diverse bacterial community structure in each sample. However, the sequence identity of the sulfonamide resistance gene sul1 in the wastewater and downstream environment samples was nearly identical (99-100%). The sul1 gene, which is genetically linked to class 1 integrons, was dominant in the downstream water bodies and soils. In conclusion, the increased prevalence of sulfonamide resistance genes in the wastewater from a swine farm, independent of the persistent presence of sulfonamides, could be a potential source of resistant gene pools in the surrounding environment.

ACS Style

Jih-Tay Hsu; Chia-Yang Chen; Chu-Wen Young; Wei-Liang Chao; Mao-Hao Li; Yung-Hsin Liu; Chu-Ming Lin; Chingwen Ying. Prevalence of sulfonamide-resistant bacteria, resistance genes and integron-associated horizontal gene transfer in natural water bodies and soils adjacent to a swine feedlot in northern Taiwan. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2014, 277, 34 -43.

AMA Style

Jih-Tay Hsu, Chia-Yang Chen, Chu-Wen Young, Wei-Liang Chao, Mao-Hao Li, Yung-Hsin Liu, Chu-Ming Lin, Chingwen Ying. Prevalence of sulfonamide-resistant bacteria, resistance genes and integron-associated horizontal gene transfer in natural water bodies and soils adjacent to a swine feedlot in northern Taiwan. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2014; 277 ():34-43.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jih-Tay Hsu; Chia-Yang Chen; Chu-Wen Young; Wei-Liang Chao; Mao-Hao Li; Yung-Hsin Liu; Chu-Ming Lin; Chingwen Ying. 2014. "Prevalence of sulfonamide-resistant bacteria, resistance genes and integron-associated horizontal gene transfer in natural water bodies and soils adjacent to a swine feedlot in northern Taiwan." Journal of Hazardous Materials 277, no. : 34-43.

Journal article
Published: 03 April 2013 in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
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Albusin B (bacteriocin), isolated from Ruminococcus albus 7 and mass‐produced by the Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression system, has previously been shown to have a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. The present study was focused on the effect of albusin B on lipid metabolism in mice and the potential of albusin B‐expressing yeast product (albusin B) as a food supplement. Forty‐five BALB/c male mice at 6 weeks of age were each orally administered normal saline (control), yeast (0.125 mg kg−1) or albusin B (0.125 mg kg−1) for 14 days and then euthanised. Compared with the control group, albusin B‐fed mice exhibited decreased body weight and plasma levels of triglycerides and free fatty acids but increased plasma high‐density lipoprotein. Albusin B‐fed mice showed higher mRNA expression of fatty acid oxidation in the ileum, heart and liver than control mice. Compared with the control treatment, both yeast and albusin B treatments caused a decrease in mRNA expression of fatty acid synthesis in the heart and liver. Moreover, albusin B suppressed mRNA levels of lipogenesis in the ileum and liver. Albusin B‐fed mice exhibited more favourable adenosine triphosphate production and antioxidant capacity in the heart and liver. Albusin B treatment led to a significantly lower respiratory quotient than that of the control, whereas yeast treatment did not. This study demonstrated a beneficial effect of albusin B on lipid utilisation and anti‐atherosclerotic and antioxidant capacities in mice. However, more comprehensive studies are required to elucidate the exact mechanism behind the effect of albusin B. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry

ACS Style

Ya-Hui Hsieh; Han-Tsung Wang; Jih-Tay Hsu; Ching-Yi Chen. Albusin B, mass-produced by theSaccharomyces cerevisiaesuppression system, enhances lipid utilisation and antioxidant capacity in mice. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2013, 93, 2758 -2764.

AMA Style

Ya-Hui Hsieh, Han-Tsung Wang, Jih-Tay Hsu, Ching-Yi Chen. Albusin B, mass-produced by theSaccharomyces cerevisiaesuppression system, enhances lipid utilisation and antioxidant capacity in mice. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2013; 93 (11):2758-2764.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ya-Hui Hsieh; Han-Tsung Wang; Jih-Tay Hsu; Ching-Yi Chen. 2013. "Albusin B, mass-produced by theSaccharomyces cerevisiaesuppression system, enhances lipid utilisation and antioxidant capacity in mice." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 93, no. 11: 2758-2764.

Original articles
Published: 27 March 2013 in Animal Biotechnology
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Lysostaphin (LYS) is an anti-staphylococcal prokaryotic polypeptide that has been used to avoid Staphylococcus aureus mastitis through transgenic or viral vector approaches exogenously expressed in dairy animals. However, glycosylation of lysostaphin expressed in mammalian cells results in a loss of bioactivity. Until now, the mechanism of site-specific glycosylation of lysostaphin causing this loss of bioactivity remains unknown. An immortalized caprine mammary epithelial cell line (CMEC-08-D) was used to study recombinant lysostaphin fused with goat β-casein, goat lactoferrin (LF) or prokaryotic signal peptides. These constructs were separately ectopically expressed in CMEC-08-D. Results of site-directed mutagenesis show that Asn125 but not Asn232 is the exact glycosylation site of lysostaphin expressed in CMEC-08-D. In addition, the effect of glycosylation of lysostaphin on its staphylolytic activity was identified through bacterial plate assay. The data indicated that wild type and mutated N232Q-lysostaphin (Asn232 to Gln232 substitution) lacked staphylolytic activity. In contrast, mutated N125Q (Asn125 to Gln125 substitution) and N125Q/N232Q-lysostaphin possessed staphylolytic activity. On the other hand, all mutated lysostaphin showed no change in binding ability to S. aureus. This reveals that N-glycosylation at Asn125 of lysostaphin expressed in a eukaryotic system greatly decreases lysostaphin bacteriolytic activity but does not affect its binding ability to S. aureus.

ACS Style

Ching-Ying Huang; Jih-Tay Hsu; Pei-Hsuan Chung; Winston Teng-Kuei Cheng; Yan-Nian Jiang; Yu-Ten Ju. Site-Specific N-Glycosylation of Caprine Lysostaphin Restricts its Bacteriolytic Activity TowardStaphylococcus Aureus. Animal Biotechnology 2013, 24, 129 -147.

AMA Style

Ching-Ying Huang, Jih-Tay Hsu, Pei-Hsuan Chung, Winston Teng-Kuei Cheng, Yan-Nian Jiang, Yu-Ten Ju. Site-Specific N-Glycosylation of Caprine Lysostaphin Restricts its Bacteriolytic Activity TowardStaphylococcus Aureus. Animal Biotechnology. 2013; 24 (2):129-147.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ching-Ying Huang; Jih-Tay Hsu; Pei-Hsuan Chung; Winston Teng-Kuei Cheng; Yan-Nian Jiang; Yu-Ten Ju. 2013. "Site-Specific N-Glycosylation of Caprine Lysostaphin Restricts its Bacteriolytic Activity TowardStaphylococcus Aureus." Animal Biotechnology 24, no. 2: 129-147.

Journal article
Published: 19 October 2012 in Journal of Mammalogy
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Herbivores can sometimes benefit the plants they consume. We investigated the interaction between an herbivore species, the Taiwan field vole (Microtus kikuchii), and its major food plant, the Yushan cane (Yushania niitakayamensis) of alpine meadows. We observed consumption of Yushan canes by voles in the field and laboratory, performed 2 field manipulative experiments and 2 laboratory cafeteria feeding experiments, and carried out chemical analyses on different Yushan cane parts to test 2 hypotheses: Taiwan field voles feed preferentially on certain Yushan cane parts due to their different chemical constituents, which vary with season; and herbivory by the Taiwan field vole has positive effects on fitness of Yushan cane. Our results showed that, although Taiwan field voles could exert a strong herbivorous pressure on Yushan canes through their near yearround preference for feeding on Yushan cane leaves, the presence of Taiwan field voles actually increases the emergence of Yushan cane shoots over time. The feeding preference of voles for different plant parts can be explained by plant chemical constituents. We demonstrated that the consumption behavior of voles, which reduces the canopy and creates large litter piles, could facilitate the production of Yushan cane shoots by creating favorable shooting conditions. This study suggests a behavioral mechanism of overcompensation where the gain in asexual reproduction by Yushan cane more than compensates the loss to herbivory by the Taiwan field vole

ACS Style

Su-Han Yeh; Jih-Tay Hsu; Y. Kirk Lin. Taiwan field vole (Microtus kikuchii) herbivory facilitates Yushan cane (Yushania niitakayamensis) asexual reproduction in alpine meadows. Journal of Mammalogy 2012, 93, 1265 -1272.

AMA Style

Su-Han Yeh, Jih-Tay Hsu, Y. Kirk Lin. Taiwan field vole (Microtus kikuchii) herbivory facilitates Yushan cane (Yushania niitakayamensis) asexual reproduction in alpine meadows. Journal of Mammalogy. 2012; 93 (5):1265-1272.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Su-Han Yeh; Jih-Tay Hsu; Y. Kirk Lin. 2012. "Taiwan field vole (Microtus kikuchii) herbivory facilitates Yushan cane (Yushania niitakayamensis) asexual reproduction in alpine meadows." Journal of Mammalogy 93, no. 5: 1265-1272.

Original articles
Published: 01 October 2012 in Animal Biotechnology
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The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic relationships between Taiwan black pigs (TBP) and other pig breeds by means of 15 fluorescent-labeled microsatellite markers. DNA from a total of 299 TBP from eight private farms and 234 purebred pigs representing six breeds and one synthetic line was used. Among the 15 microsatellite loci, polymorphism information content (PIC) values were all above 0.500; the numbers of observed alleles were all greater than the numbers of effective alleles (10.1 vs. 4.3 in averages). But 13 of the 15 microsatellite markers significantly deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE); moreover, 13 of the 15 tested populations also deviated from the HWE. The inbreeding coefficient (FIS) indicated that two TBP populations (TBP-3 and TBP-4) had heterozygote deficiency (P < 0.01). The pair-wise FST, representing the genetic diversity between the two populations, ranged from 0.0332 to 0.3809. Meishan and Taoyuan breeds with black hair were previously considered closely related to TBP; however, the result of genetic relationship refuted this assumption. In conclusion, TBP is more similar to the European than Chinese breeds, and further investigations will need to clarify it more accurately.

ACS Style

Y. C. Chen; Jih-Tay Hsu; C. C. Chien; Y. C. Leu; C. Y. L. Chyr; D. Y. Lin; E.-C. Lin; C. H. Chen; P. H. Wang. Investigation of Genetic Relationships Among Taiwan Black Pigs and Other Pig Breeds in Taiwan Based on Microsatellite Markers. Animal Biotechnology 2012, 23, 278 -290.

AMA Style

Y. C. Chen, Jih-Tay Hsu, C. C. Chien, Y. C. Leu, C. Y. L. Chyr, D. Y. Lin, E.-C. Lin, C. H. Chen, P. H. Wang. Investigation of Genetic Relationships Among Taiwan Black Pigs and Other Pig Breeds in Taiwan Based on Microsatellite Markers. Animal Biotechnology. 2012; 23 (4):278-290.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Y. C. Chen; Jih-Tay Hsu; C. C. Chien; Y. C. Leu; C. Y. L. Chyr; D. Y. Lin; E.-C. Lin; C. H. Chen; P. H. Wang. 2012. "Investigation of Genetic Relationships Among Taiwan Black Pigs and Other Pig Breeds in Taiwan Based on Microsatellite Markers." Animal Biotechnology 23, no. 4: 278-290.

Journal article
Published: 23 January 2012 in Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry
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The characteristics of a bacteriocin from Ruminococcus albus 7 and its potential as an antibiotic alternative were examined in this study. The addition of 3 µM 3-phenylpropanoic acid (PPA) and 0.2% Tween 80 to the culturing medium improved bacteriocin production by 2.5-fold. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the antagonistically active gel filtration fraction established that the molecular weight of the R. albus 7 bacteriocin was approximately 36 kDa. The bacteriocin was sensitive to pepsin, protease, and pancreatin, and was inactivated by heating at 65 °C for 1 h. Simulating in vitro avian digestion decreased the antagonistic activity by 74.7%, but the addition of 1% bovin serum albumin restored 13% of the lost antagonistic activity. Following ion-exchange purification, the bacteriocin had sufficient antagonistic activity against five tested pathogenic strains, but the addition of a protectant is necessary for utilization of bacteriocin of R. albus 7 as an antibiotic alternative in animal feed.

ACS Style

Han-Tsung Wang; I-Hung Chen; Jih-Tay Hsu. Production and Characterization of a Bacteriocin from Ruminal BacteriumRuminococcus albus7. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 2012, 76, 34 -41.

AMA Style

Han-Tsung Wang, I-Hung Chen, Jih-Tay Hsu. Production and Characterization of a Bacteriocin from Ruminal BacteriumRuminococcus albus7. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. 2012; 76 (1):34-41.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Han-Tsung Wang; I-Hung Chen; Jih-Tay Hsu. 2012. "Production and Characterization of a Bacteriocin from Ruminal BacteriumRuminococcus albus7." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 76, no. 1: 34-41.

Journal article
Published: 02 November 2011 in Reproduction in Domestic Animals
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The aim of this article is to demonstrate and characterize caprine mammary epithelial cells (CMC) immortalized with human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene. Five immortalized CMCs were assigned to either myoepithelial or luminal epithelial groups based on their morphology and expression of cell lineage-specific intermediate filaments. Telomeric repeat amplification protocol revealed various telomerase activities in CMCs associated with their distinct proliferation potential. Karyotypic analysis showed three CMCs retained their modal Capra hircus chromosome number (2n = 60), whereas the remaining two CMCs were abnormal at 2n = 19 and 2n = 36. CMCs with abnormal karyotypes lost p53 protein after chemical-induced DNA damage and showed anchorage-independent growth in soft agar assay. In terms of functional differentiation, luminal CMCs organized into alveolus-like structures when grown in Matrigel. Furthermore, αs1- and β-casein gene was induced in luminal CMCs in response to lacto-hormones stimulation. Together these results showed that hTERT-immortalized CMCs retained major characteristics of mammary epithelial cells, and stability of the genome is required for maintaining normal mammary epithelium function. Application of CMCs can provide valuable models to study alveologenesis and lactogenesis of mammary epithelium and test the feasibility of recombinant constructs designed for the generation of transgenic livestock.

ACS Style

Mw Ke; Jih-Tay Hsu; Yn Jiang; Wtk Cheng; Yu-Ten Ju. Characterization of hTERT-Immortalized Caprine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 2011, 47, 553 -561.

AMA Style

Mw Ke, Jih-Tay Hsu, Yn Jiang, Wtk Cheng, Yu-Ten Ju. Characterization of hTERT-Immortalized Caprine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2011; 47 (4):553-561.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mw Ke; Jih-Tay Hsu; Yn Jiang; Wtk Cheng; Yu-Ten Ju. 2011. "Characterization of hTERT-Immortalized Caprine Mammary Epithelial Cells." Reproduction in Domestic Animals 47, no. 4: 553-561.

Original articles
Published: 24 May 2011 in Journal of Applied Animal Research
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The aim of this study is to investigate the rumen ecology and feed digestion in Formosan Reeves’ muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi micrurus). We also observed the effect of captive environment on animal digestive physiology by comparing the characteristics of gastrointestinal tract and tissue samples of ruminal papillae between captive and wild muntjac. Results revealed that the pH value of rumen fluids of captive muntjac was 6.44 and the concentration of volatile fatty acid, which was lower than that of the domestic animal. The rumen total bacteria count was 1.35×108 colony counts/mL rumen fluids. The percentage of Isotrichidae in total protozoa population was lower than 20%, whereas Ophryoscolecidae was greater than 80%. The ratio of intestinal length to body length was approximately 13.9:15.1 which was similar to the concentrate selector. The morphology of ruminal papillae showed distinct difference between captive and wild muntjacs, and the length of small intestinal tract tended to be longer in captive muntjac, suggesting that morphology of ruminal papillae could be related to the dietary difference between captive and wild muntjacs.

ACS Style

Mei-Fong Lin; Sow-Ling Ang; Ci-Wen Yang; Jih-Tay Hsu; Han-Tsung Wang. Study on the characteristics of gastrointestinal tract and rumen ecology of Formosan Reeves'. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2011, 39, 142 -146.

AMA Style

Mei-Fong Lin, Sow-Ling Ang, Ci-Wen Yang, Jih-Tay Hsu, Han-Tsung Wang. Study on the characteristics of gastrointestinal tract and rumen ecology of Formosan Reeves'. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 2011; 39 (2):142-146.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mei-Fong Lin; Sow-Ling Ang; Ci-Wen Yang; Jih-Tay Hsu; Han-Tsung Wang. 2011. "Study on the characteristics of gastrointestinal tract and rumen ecology of Formosan Reeves'." Journal of Applied Animal Research 39, no. 2: 142-146.

Original paper
Published: 12 May 2007 in Endocrine
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Estrogens have been suggested to exhibit neuroprotective activities against several insults including beta-amyloid and glutamate, one of the excitatory neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. In the present study, we showed that exposure to glutamate not only inhibited the cell growth of exponentially growing rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, but also influenced cell adherence capacity. Glutamate-induced growth inhibition was significantly attenuated by the co-administration of estradiol in PC12 cells. Pre-exposure of the PC12 cells to the estradiol was not required for protection against glutamate-induced growth inhibition. Administration of anti-estrogen ICI182,780 efficiently blocked the neuroprotective effects of estradiol. Glutamate-induced changes in cell adherence, on the other hand, were not significantly affected by estradiol. These data indicate that the neuroprotective effects of estradiol against glutamate-induced insults in PC12 cells, at least in part, involve estrogen receptor-dependent pathways.

ACS Style

Ching-Rong Chan; Jih-Tay Hsu; I.-Tea Chang; Y.-C. Young; Chun-Ming Lin; Chingwen Ying. The effects of glutamate can be attenuated by estradiol via estrogen receptor dependent pathway in rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells. Endocrine 2007, 31, 44 -51.

AMA Style

Ching-Rong Chan, Jih-Tay Hsu, I.-Tea Chang, Y.-C. Young, Chun-Ming Lin, Chingwen Ying. The effects of glutamate can be attenuated by estradiol via estrogen receptor dependent pathway in rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells. Endocrine. 2007; 31 (1):44-51.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ching-Rong Chan; Jih-Tay Hsu; I.-Tea Chang; Y.-C. Young; Chun-Ming Lin; Chingwen Ying. 2007. "The effects of glutamate can be attenuated by estradiol via estrogen receptor dependent pathway in rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells." Endocrine 31, no. 1: 44-51.

Journal article
Published: 02 May 2007 in Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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Meng-Wei Ke; Yan-Nian Jiang; Yi-Hung Li; Ting-Yu Tseng; Ming-Shung Kung; Chiun-Sheng Huang; Winston Teng-Kuei Cheng; Jih-Tay Hsu; Yu-Ten Ju. Development and Characterization of a Specific Anti-Caveolin-1 Antibody for Caveolin-1 Functional Study in Human, Goat and Mouse. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 2007, 20, 856 -865.

AMA Style

Meng-Wei Ke, Yan-Nian Jiang, Yi-Hung Li, Ting-Yu Tseng, Ming-Shung Kung, Chiun-Sheng Huang, Winston Teng-Kuei Cheng, Jih-Tay Hsu, Yu-Ten Ju. Development and Characterization of a Specific Anti-Caveolin-1 Antibody for Caveolin-1 Functional Study in Human, Goat and Mouse. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2007; 20 (6):856-865.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meng-Wei Ke; Yan-Nian Jiang; Yi-Hung Li; Ting-Yu Tseng; Ming-Shung Kung; Chiun-Sheng Huang; Winston Teng-Kuei Cheng; Jih-Tay Hsu; Yu-Ten Ju. 2007. "Development and Characterization of a Specific Anti-Caveolin-1 Antibody for Caveolin-1 Functional Study in Human, Goat and Mouse." Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 20, no. 6: 856-865.

Journal article
Published: 25 May 2006 in Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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ACS Style

H. T. Wang; J. T. Hsu. Usage of Enzyme Substrate to Protect the Activities of Cellulase, Protease and a-Amylase in Simulations of Monogastric Animal and Avian Sequential Total Tract Digestion. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 2006, 19, 1164 -1173.

AMA Style

H. T. Wang, J. T. Hsu. Usage of Enzyme Substrate to Protect the Activities of Cellulase, Protease and a-Amylase in Simulations of Monogastric Animal and Avian Sequential Total Tract Digestion. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2006; 19 (8):1164-1173.

Chicago/Turabian Style

H. T. Wang; J. T. Hsu. 2006. "Usage of Enzyme Substrate to Protect the Activities of Cellulase, Protease and a-Amylase in Simulations of Monogastric Animal and Avian Sequential Total Tract Digestion." Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 19, no. 8: 1164-1173.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2006 in Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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ACS Style

Chia-Sheng Chen; Su-Min Wang; Jih-Tay Hsu. Factors Affecting In vitro True Digestibility of Napiergrass. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 2006, 19, 507 -513.

AMA Style

Chia-Sheng Chen, Su-Min Wang, Jih-Tay Hsu. Factors Affecting In vitro True Digestibility of Napiergrass. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2006; 19 (4):507-513.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chia-Sheng Chen; Su-Min Wang; Jih-Tay Hsu. 2006. "Factors Affecting In vitro True Digestibility of Napiergrass." Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 19, no. 4: 507-513.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2005 in Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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T. W. Kim; N. J. Choi; J. Hwangbo; Jih-Tay Hsu; Sang S. Lee; M. K. Song; I. J. Seo; Y. J. Kim. Production of Trans-10, Cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid by Megasphaera Elsdenii YJ-4: Physiological Roles in the Rumen. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 2005, 18, 1425 -1429.

AMA Style

T. W. Kim, N. J. Choi, J. Hwangbo, Jih-Tay Hsu, Sang S. Lee, M. K. Song, I. J. Seo, Y. J. Kim. Production of Trans-10, Cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid by Megasphaera Elsdenii YJ-4: Physiological Roles in the Rumen. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2005; 18 (10):1425-1429.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T. W. Kim; N. J. Choi; J. Hwangbo; Jih-Tay Hsu; Sang S. Lee; M. K. Song; I. J. Seo; Y. J. Kim. 2005. "Production of Trans-10, Cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid by Megasphaera Elsdenii YJ-4: Physiological Roles in the Rumen." Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 18, no. 10: 1425-1429.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2005 in Anaerobe
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In this study, Prevotella ruminicola 23 (ATCC 19189), a ruminal proteolytic bacterium, was used as protease producer to examine the optimal condition for protease production. The best carbon and nitrogen sources for the maximum growth were glucose with peptone. Both sucrose and glucose could stimulate high protease production. Casein and peptone are better nitrogen sources for protease production than other choice in this study. The best enzyme production condition was 18–20 h incubation which was at late log phase in the broth of 5% glucose or sucrose as carbon source with 0.1% ammonium chloride and 0.2% peptone as nitrogen sources. Most of the protease activity was secreted into broth (65%) and on cell surface (18%). The optimal temperature and pH for protease reaction were 40 °C and pH 6.8, respectively. After incubation for 6 h, the crude extract maintained 50% of original protease activity at 30 and 50 °C, and protease activity was stable between pH 6 and 8. The protease inhibitor test showed that serine, aspartic acid and metallo-protease inhibitors could cause inhibition of proteolysis. Protein feedstuff degradation experiments suggested that protease in crude extract had higher degradation ability on fish meal, whey, and feather meal (2.39, 2.60 and 1.76 μmol amino acid/mg enzyme/h) in comparison to soybean meal and blood meal (1.11 and 1.09 μmol amino acid/mg enzyme/h). The protease in the crude extract should have application potential in term of improving utilization of fish meal and feather meal for monogastric animals.

ACS Style

Han-Tsung Wang; Jih-Tay Hsu. Optimal protease production condition for Prevotella ruminicola 23 and characterization of its extracellular crude protease. Anaerobe 2005, 11, 155 -162.

AMA Style

Han-Tsung Wang, Jih-Tay Hsu. Optimal protease production condition for Prevotella ruminicola 23 and characterization of its extracellular crude protease. Anaerobe. 2005; 11 (3):155-162.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Han-Tsung Wang; Jih-Tay Hsu. 2005. "Optimal protease production condition for Prevotella ruminicola 23 and characterization of its extracellular crude protease." Anaerobe 11, no. 3: 155-162.