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Two theoretical sinusoidal diffractive profile models to build up a trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) are analysed. Topographic features of the diffractive zones such as their shape, step height and radii, as well as the energy efficiency (EE) of the foci, depends on the particular model, and are compared to the ones experimentally measured in a trifocal lens that claims to be designed with a generic sinusoidal diffractive profile: the Acriva Trinova IOL (VSY Biotechnology, The Netherlands). The topography of the IOL is measured by confocal microscopy. The EE is experimentally obtained through-focus with the IOL placed in a model eye. The experimental results match very accurately with one of the theoretical models, the optimum triplicator, once that a spatial shift in the sinusoidal profile is introduced in the model.
Fidel Vega; Maite Valentino; Franco Rigato; María S. Millán. Optical design and performance of a trifocal sinusoidal diffractive intraocular lens. Biomedical Optics Express 2021, 12, 3338 -3351.
AMA StyleFidel Vega, Maite Valentino, Franco Rigato, María S. Millán. Optical design and performance of a trifocal sinusoidal diffractive intraocular lens. Biomedical Optics Express. 2021; 12 (6):3338-3351.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFidel Vega; Maite Valentino; Franco Rigato; María S. Millán. 2021. "Optical design and performance of a trifocal sinusoidal diffractive intraocular lens." Biomedical Optics Express 12, no. 6: 3338-3351.
Purpose: To compare the chromatic performance of the Bausch & Lomb Versario 3F trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) with the PhysIOL FineVision MicroF trifocal IOL and the Johnson & Johnson Vision TECNIS Symfony ZXR00 extended range of vision (ERV) IOL. Methods: The through-focus energy efficiency (TF-EE) was measured in vitro with red (R), green (G), and blue (B) wavelengths and was used to obtain the focus powers and longitudinal chromatic aberrations (LCAs) for each IOL. Other metrics, derived from the RGB TF-EE curves, were assessed for a more complete description of the chromatic performance of the IOLs. Results: Both of the trifocal IOLs, although not specifically designed to tackle chromatic aberrations, showed acceptable LCA (≤0.50 D) in all foci with more balanced R and B efficiencies of their foci. Despite having the lowest TF-EE value at all foci, the Versario 3F demonstrated the most balanced chromatic performance with the smoothest energy transition among all foci and the smallest chromatic span. The Symfony lens effectively reduced LCA at distance and intermediate foci (≤0.36 D), despite the unbalanced and asymmetric R and B efficiencies at its foci. Conclusions: To fully describe the chromatic performance of an IOL it is necessary to take into account not only the LCA but also the RGB TF-EE and chromatic span. This comprehensive analysis suggests that, in comparison with the other IOLs under study, the Versario 3F lens might contribute to further mitigating the impact of chromatic aberration. Translational Relevance: The in vitro bench testing of the optical properties of modern presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses (more specifically in this work, the polychromatic through-focus energy efficiency and longitudinal chromatic aberration) provides objective and complementary information that helps to interpret the visual quality outcomes of pseudophakic patients obtained in clinics.
María S. Millán; Fidel Vega. Through-Focus Energy Efficiency and Longitudinal Chromatic Aberration of Three Presbyopia-Correcting Intraocular Lenses. Translational Vision Science & Technology 2020, 9, 13 -13.
AMA StyleMaría S. Millán, Fidel Vega. Through-Focus Energy Efficiency and Longitudinal Chromatic Aberration of Three Presbyopia-Correcting Intraocular Lenses. Translational Vision Science & Technology. 2020; 9 (12):13-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría S. Millán; Fidel Vega. 2020. "Through-Focus Energy Efficiency and Longitudinal Chromatic Aberration of Three Presbyopia-Correcting Intraocular Lenses." Translational Vision Science & Technology 9, no. 12: 13-13.
We present a new experimental system for optical encryption using a nonlinear joint transform correlator (JTC) to implement the optical security technique of the double random phase encoding (DRPE). The DRPE, which is usually performed in a 4f-processor, encodes an image into a noisy distribution (encrypted image) by using two random phase masks (RPMs). In our experimental setup, the input plane of the JTC is fully encoded in phase and this plane contains two non-overlapping data functions (images). In the encryption step, the phase-encoded image to be encrypted and the two RPMs are placed in the input plane of the JTC with the purpose of obtaining the needed intensity distributions at the output plane to compute the encrypted image. The optical and numerical transformations are performed in the Fourier domain. A nonlinear operation is introduced to modify the joint power spectrum (JPS) of the JTC in order to reproduce exactly the same results of the DRPE. The experimental optical encryption scheme based on a three-step JTC is implemented by using an optoelectronic setup. The input plane of the JTC is optically implemented by means of a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM). The decryption process is performed using a virtual optical system. Experimental and numerical results of the optical encryption and simulated decryption systems are presented, in order to show the feasibility of the proposed security system.
Juan M. Vilardy; María S. Millán; Elisabet Pérez-Cabré. Experimental optical encryption scheme for the double random phase encoding using a nonlinear joint transform correlator. Optik 2020, 217, 164653 .
AMA StyleJuan M. Vilardy, María S. Millán, Elisabet Pérez-Cabré. Experimental optical encryption scheme for the double random phase encoding using a nonlinear joint transform correlator. Optik. 2020; 217 ():164653.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan M. Vilardy; María S. Millán; Elisabet Pérez-Cabré. 2020. "Experimental optical encryption scheme for the double random phase encoding using a nonlinear joint transform correlator." Optik 217, no. : 164653.
This article studies the relationship between two metrics, the area under the modulation transfer function (MTFa) and the energy efficiency (EE), and their ability to predict the visual quality of patients implanted with multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). The optical quality of IOLs is assessed in vitro using two metrics, the MTFa and EE. We measured them for three different multifocal IOLs with parabolic phase profile using image formation, through-focus (TF) scanning, three R, G, B wavelengths, and two pupils. We analyzed the correlation between MTFa and EE. In parallel, clinical defocus curves of visual acuity (VA) were measured and averaged from sets of patients implanted with the same IOLs. An excellent linear correlation was found between the MTFa and EE for the considered IOLs, wavelengths and pupils (R2 > 0.9). We computed the polychromatic TF-MTFa, TF-EE, and derived mathematical relationships between each metrics and clinical average VA. MTFa and EE proved to be equivalent metrics to characterize the optical quality of the studied multifocal IOLs and also in terms of clinical VA predictability.
Jesus Armengol; Nuria Garzon; Fidel Vega; Irene Altemir; Maria S. Millán. Equivalence of two optical quality metrics to predict the visual acuity of multifocal pseudophakic patients. Biomedical Optics Express 2020, 11, 2818 -2829.
AMA StyleJesus Armengol, Nuria Garzon, Fidel Vega, Irene Altemir, Maria S. Millán. Equivalence of two optical quality metrics to predict the visual acuity of multifocal pseudophakic patients. Biomedical Optics Express. 2020; 11 (5):2818-2829.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJesus Armengol; Nuria Garzon; Fidel Vega; Irene Altemir; Maria S. Millán. 2020. "Equivalence of two optical quality metrics to predict the visual acuity of multifocal pseudophakic patients." Biomedical Optics Express 11, no. 5: 2818-2829.
We propose a new encryption system based on a nonlinear joint transform correlator (JTC) using the information of two biometrics (one digital fingerprint for each user) as security keys of the encryption system. In order to perform the decryption and authentication in a proper way, it is necessary to have the two digital fingerprints from the respective users whose simultaneous authentication is pursued. The proposed security system is developed in the Fourier domain. The nonlinearity of the JTC along with the five security keys given by the three random phase masks and the two digital fingerprints of the two users allow an increase of the system security against brute force and plaintext attacks. The feasibility and validity of this proposal is demonstrated using digital fingerprints as biometrics in numerical experiments.
Juan M. Vilardy O.; María S. Millán; Elisabet Pérez-Cabré. Image Encryption System Based on a Nonlinear Joint Transform Correlator for the Simultaneous Authentication of Two Users. Photonics 2019, 6, 128 .
AMA StyleJuan M. Vilardy O., María S. Millán, Elisabet Pérez-Cabré. Image Encryption System Based on a Nonlinear Joint Transform Correlator for the Simultaneous Authentication of Two Users. Photonics. 2019; 6 (4):128.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan M. Vilardy O.; María S. Millán; Elisabet Pérez-Cabré. 2019. "Image Encryption System Based on a Nonlinear Joint Transform Correlator for the Simultaneous Authentication of Two Users." Photonics 6, no. 4: 128.
Ignacio Moreno; Maria Millan; Santiago Vallmitjana. SEDOPTICA Newsletter. Optica Pura y Aplicada 2019, 52, 1 -12.
AMA StyleIgnacio Moreno, Maria Millan, Santiago Vallmitjana. SEDOPTICA Newsletter. Optica Pura y Aplicada. 2019; 52 (3):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIgnacio Moreno; Maria Millan; Santiago Vallmitjana. 2019. "SEDOPTICA Newsletter." Optica Pura y Aplicada 52, no. 3: 1-12.
We describe a psychophysical method and a simple setup - an autorefractor with a Scheiner disc, sequentially illuminated with red and blue lights - for the clinical assessment of the longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) in phakic and pseudophakic patients. This method applies to the unaccommodated eye, even in the presence of positive or negative refractive errors and astigmatism. It measures the chromatic difference of refraction as an estimate of LCA. We built a proof of concept from inexpensive and off-the-shelf optomechanical components with which we obtained the preliminary clinical results presented in the paper. We considered one control group of phakic patients and three groups of pseudophakic patients with monofocal implants of different designs and materials. The results, satisfactory and consistent with those reported by other researchers in related works, demonstrate the method and system feasibility.
María S. Millán; Fidel Vega; Francisco Poyales; Nuria Garzón. Clinical assessment of chromatic aberration in phakic and pseudophakic eyes using a simple autorefractor. Biomedical Optics Express 2019, 10, 4168 -4178.
AMA StyleMaría S. Millán, Fidel Vega, Francisco Poyales, Nuria Garzón. Clinical assessment of chromatic aberration in phakic and pseudophakic eyes using a simple autorefractor. Biomedical Optics Express. 2019; 10 (8):4168-4178.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría S. Millán; Fidel Vega; Francisco Poyales; Nuria Garzón. 2019. "Clinical assessment of chromatic aberration in phakic and pseudophakic eyes using a simple autorefractor." Biomedical Optics Express 10, no. 8: 4168-4178.
A liquid crystal on silicon spatial light modulator (LCoS SLM) with large phase modulation has been thoroughly characterized to operate optimally with several linear phase modulation ranges (π, 2π, 3π, 4π, 6π, and 8π) for an intermediate wavelength of the visible spectrum (λG = 530 nm). For each range, the device response was also measured for two additional wavelengths at the blue and red extremes of the visible spectrum (λB = 476 nm and λR = 647 nm). Multiorder diffractive optical elements, displayed on the LCoS SLM with the appropriate phase modulation range, allowed us to deal with some widely known encoding issues of conventional first-order diffractive lenses such as undersampling and longitudinal chromatic aberration. We designed an achromatic multiorder lens and implemented it experimentally on the SLM. As a result, the residual chromatic aberration reduces to one-third that of the chromatic aberration of a conventional first-order diffractive lens.
Elisabet Pérez-Cabré; María Sagrario Millán. Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulator with Optimized Phase Modulation Ranges to Display Multiorder Diffractive Elements. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 2592 .
AMA StyleElisabet Pérez-Cabré, María Sagrario Millán. Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulator with Optimized Phase Modulation Ranges to Display Multiorder Diffractive Elements. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (13):2592.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisabet Pérez-Cabré; María Sagrario Millán. 2019. "Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulator with Optimized Phase Modulation Ranges to Display Multiorder Diffractive Elements." Applied Sciences 9, no. 13: 2592.
In this work, the occlusion and noise test on the encrypted image produced by a joint transform correlator-based encryption system in the Fresnel domain (FrD) are computed and presented, in order to check the performance of this security system with respect to the image quality resulting in the decryption process for the retrieved image. The encryption system based on a joint transform correlator (JTC) in the FrD was proposed by us, with the purpose of using a lensless optical setup. We test the performance of this security system when the encrypted image is affected by common sources of degradation such as noise (additive and multiplicative) or partial occlusion. Finally, we evaluate the performance and robustness of the security system in the FrD by using the metric of the root mean square error (RMSE) between the image to encrypt and the decrypted image when the encrypted image is degraded by noise or modified by occlusion.
Juan M. Vilardy; Maria Millan; Elisabet Pérez–Cabré. Occlusion and noise tests on the encrypted image produced by a security system based on a joint transform correlator and the Fresnel transform. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019, 1221, 012046 .
AMA StyleJuan M. Vilardy, Maria Millan, Elisabet Pérez–Cabré. Occlusion and noise tests on the encrypted image produced by a security system based on a joint transform correlator and the Fresnel transform. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2019; 1221 (1):012046.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan M. Vilardy; Maria Millan; Elisabet Pérez–Cabré. 2019. "Occlusion and noise tests on the encrypted image produced by a security system based on a joint transform correlator and the Fresnel transform." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1221, no. 1: 012046.
Retinal images are acquired with eye fundus cameras which, like any other camera, can suffer from dust particles attached to the sensor and lens. These particles impede light from reaching the sensor, and therefore they appear as dark spots in the image which can be mistaken as small lesions like microaneurysms. We propose a robust method for detecting dust artifacts from more than one image as input and, for the removal, we propose a sparse-based inpainting technique with dictionary learning. The detection is based on a closing operation to remove small dark features. We compute the difference with the original image to highlight the artifacts and perform a filtering approach with a filter bank of artifact models of different sizes. The candidate artifacts are identified via non-maxima suppression. Because the artifacts do not change position in the images, after processing all input images, the candidate artifacts which are not in the same approximate position in different images are rejected and kept unchanged in the image. The experimental results show that our method can successfully detect and remove artifacts, while ensuring the continuity of retinal structures, such as blood vessels.
Enrique Sierra; Erik Barrios; Andrés G. Marrugo; Maria Millan. Robust detection and removal of dust artifacts in retinal images via dictionary learning and sparse-based inpainting. Pattern Recognition and Tracking XXX 2019, 10995, 109950L .
AMA StyleEnrique Sierra, Erik Barrios, Andrés G. Marrugo, Maria Millan. Robust detection and removal of dust artifacts in retinal images via dictionary learning and sparse-based inpainting. Pattern Recognition and Tracking XXX. 2019; 10995 ():109950L.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEnrique Sierra; Erik Barrios; Andrés G. Marrugo; Maria Millan. 2019. "Robust detection and removal of dust artifacts in retinal images via dictionary learning and sparse-based inpainting." Pattern Recognition and Tracking XXX 10995, no. : 109950L.
In the field of ophthalmology, retinal images are essential for the diagnosis of many diseases. These images are acquired with a device called the retinal camera. However, often small dust particles in the sensor produce image artifacts that can be confused with small lesions, such as micro-aneurysms. The digital removal of artifacts can be understood as an inpainting process in which a set of pixels are replaced with a value obtained from the surrounding area. In this paper, we propose a methodology based on the sparse representations and dictionary learning for the removal of artifacts in retinal images. We test our method on real retinal images coming from the clinical setting with actual dust artifacts. We compare our restoration results with a diffusion-based inpainting technique. Encouraging experimental results show that our method can successfully remove the artifacts, while assuring the continuity of the retinal structures, like blood vessels.
Erik M. Barrios; Andres G. Marrugo; Maria Millan. LRemoving Dust Artifacts in Retinal Images via Dictionary Learning and Sparse-Based Inpainting. 2019 XXII Symposium on Image, Signal Processing and Artificial Vision (STSIVA) 2019, 1 -5.
AMA StyleErik M. Barrios, Andres G. Marrugo, Maria Millan. LRemoving Dust Artifacts in Retinal Images via Dictionary Learning and Sparse-Based Inpainting. 2019 XXII Symposium on Image, Signal Processing and Artificial Vision (STSIVA). 2019; ():1-5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleErik M. Barrios; Andres G. Marrugo; Maria Millan. 2019. "LRemoving Dust Artifacts in Retinal Images via Dictionary Learning and Sparse-Based Inpainting." 2019 XXII Symposium on Image, Signal Processing and Artificial Vision (STSIVA) , no. : 1-5.
Objective: To compare visual quality in patients implanted with Tecnis® monofocal (ZCB00) and multifocal (ZMB00) intraocular lenses taking into account their optical quality measured in vitro with an eye model. Methods: In total, 122 patients participated in this study: 44 implanted with monofocal and 78 with multifocal intraocular lenses. Measurements of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were performed. The optical quality of the intraocular lenses was evaluated in three image planes (distance, intermediate and near) using an eye model on a test bench. The metric considered was the area under the curve of the modulation transfer function. Results: Optical quality at the far focus of the monofocal intraocular lens (area under the curve of the modulation transfer function = 66.97) was considerably better than that with the multifocal lens (area under the curve of the modulation transfer function = 32.54). However, no significant differences were observed between groups at the distance-corrected visual acuity. Distance-corrected near vision was better in the multifocal (0.15 ± 0.20 logMAR) than that in the monofocal group (0.43 ± 0.21 logMAR, p < 0.001), which correlated with the better optical quality at near reached by the multifocal intraocular lens (area under the curve of the modulation transfer function = 29.11) in comparison with the monofocal intraocular lens (area under the curve of the modulation transfer function = 5.0). In intermediate vision, visual acuity was 0.28 ± 0.16 logMAR (multifocal) and 0.36 ± 0.14 logMAR (monofocal) with p = 0.014, also in good agreement with the values measured in the optical quality (area under the curve of the modulation transfer function = 10.69 (multifocal) and 8.86 (monofocal)). The contrast sensitivity was similar in almost all frequencies. Pelli–Robson was slightly better in the monofocal (1.73) than in the multifocal group (1.64; p = 0.023). Conclusion: Patients implanted with multifocal ZMB00 achieved a distance visual acuity similar to those implanted with monofocal ZCB00, but showed significantly better intermediate and near visual acuity. A correlation was found between intraocular lenses’ optical quality and patients’ visual acuity. Contrast sensitivity was very similar between the multifocal and monofocal groups.
Irene Altemir-Gomez; Maria Millan; Fidel Vega; Francisco Bartol-Puyal; Galadriel Gimenez-Calvo; Jose M Larrosa; Vicente Polo; Luis E Pablo; Elena Garcia-Martin. Comparison of visual and optical quality of monofocal versus multifocal intraocular lenses. European Journal of Ophthalmology 2019, 30, 299 -306.
AMA StyleIrene Altemir-Gomez, Maria Millan, Fidel Vega, Francisco Bartol-Puyal, Galadriel Gimenez-Calvo, Jose M Larrosa, Vicente Polo, Luis E Pablo, Elena Garcia-Martin. Comparison of visual and optical quality of monofocal versus multifocal intraocular lenses. European Journal of Ophthalmology. 2019; 30 (2):299-306.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIrene Altemir-Gomez; Maria Millan; Fidel Vega; Francisco Bartol-Puyal; Galadriel Gimenez-Calvo; Jose M Larrosa; Vicente Polo; Luis E Pablo; Elena Garcia-Martin. 2019. "Comparison of visual and optical quality of monofocal versus multifocal intraocular lenses." European Journal of Ophthalmology 30, no. 2: 299-306.
M. S. Millan; A. G. Marrugo; F. Alba-Bueno. Quality Changes in Fundus Images of Pseudophakic Eyes. Optica Pura y Aplicada 2018, 51, 1 -8.
AMA StyleM. S. Millan, A. G. Marrugo, F. Alba-Bueno. Quality Changes in Fundus Images of Pseudophakic Eyes. Optica Pura y Aplicada. 2018; 51 (4):1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. S. Millan; A. G. Marrugo; F. Alba-Bueno. 2018. "Quality Changes in Fundus Images of Pseudophakic Eyes." Optica Pura y Aplicada 51, no. 4: 1-8.
I. Moreno; M.S. Millán; S. Vallmitjana. Sedoptica Newsletters. Optica Pura y Aplicada 2018, 51, 1 .
AMA StyleI. Moreno, M.S. Millán, S. Vallmitjana. Sedoptica Newsletters. Optica Pura y Aplicada. 2018; 51 (3):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. Moreno; M.S. Millán; S. Vallmitjana. 2018. "Sedoptica Newsletters." Optica Pura y Aplicada 51, no. 3: 1.
The optical quality of a set of IOLs (modeling set: one monofocal and two bifocals) was assessed through focus by the area under the modulation transfer function (MTFa) metric and related to the visual acuity (VA) defocus curves of pseudophakic patients implanted with said IOLs. A non-linear relationship between the MTFa and clinical VA was obtained with an asymptotic limit found to be the best VA achievable by the patients. Two mathematical fitting functions between clinical VA and MTFa were derived with high correlation coefficients (R2≥0.85). They were applied to the MTFa obtained from a different set of IOLs with advanced designs (trial set: one extended range of vision –ERV-, one trifocal ERV and one trifocal apodized) to predict VA versus defocus of patients implanted with these IOLs. Differences between the calculated VA and the clinical VA for both fitting models were within the standard deviation of the clinical measurements in the range of -3.00 D to 0.00 D defocus, thus proving the suitability of the MTFa metric to predict clinical VA performance of new IOL designs.
Fidel Vega; Maria S. Millán; Nuria Garzón; Irene Altemir; Francisco Poyales; Jose Manuel Larrosa. Visual acuity of pseudophakic patients predicted from in-vitro measurements of intraocular lenses with different design. Biomedical Optics Express 2018, 9, 4893 -4906.
AMA StyleFidel Vega, Maria S. Millán, Nuria Garzón, Irene Altemir, Francisco Poyales, Jose Manuel Larrosa. Visual acuity of pseudophakic patients predicted from in-vitro measurements of intraocular lenses with different design. Biomedical Optics Express. 2018; 9 (10):4893-4906.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFidel Vega; Maria S. Millán; Nuria Garzón; Irene Altemir; Francisco Poyales; Jose Manuel Larrosa. 2018. "Visual acuity of pseudophakic patients predicted from in-vitro measurements of intraocular lenses with different design." Biomedical Optics Express 9, no. 10: 4893-4906.
I. Moreno; M. S. Millan; S. Vallmitjana. SEDOPTICA Newsletters. Optica Pura y Aplicada 2018, 51, 1 .
AMA StyleI. Moreno, M. S. Millan, S. Vallmitjana. SEDOPTICA Newsletters. Optica Pura y Aplicada. 2018; 51 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. Moreno; M. S. Millan; S. Vallmitjana. 2018. "SEDOPTICA Newsletters." Optica Pura y Aplicada 51, no. 2: 1.
M. Ralló; M. S. Millán. Connectivity-based segmentation of retinal vessels in eye fundus images. Optica Pura y Aplicada 2017, 50, 359 -368.
AMA StyleM. Ralló, M. S. Millán. Connectivity-based segmentation of retinal vessels in eye fundus images. Optica Pura y Aplicada. 2017; 50 (4):359-368.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Ralló; M. S. Millán. 2017. "Connectivity-based segmentation of retinal vessels in eye fundus images." Optica Pura y Aplicada 50, no. 4: 359-368.
E. Sierra; A. G. Marrugo; M. S. Millán. Dust Particle Artifact Detection and Removal in Retinal Images. Optica Pura y Aplicada 2017, 50, 379 -387.
AMA StyleE. Sierra, A. G. Marrugo, M. S. Millán. Dust Particle Artifact Detection and Removal in Retinal Images. Optica Pura y Aplicada. 2017; 50 (4):379-387.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE. Sierra; A. G. Marrugo; M. S. Millán. 2017. "Dust Particle Artifact Detection and Removal in Retinal Images." Optica Pura y Aplicada 50, no. 4: 379-387.
Purpose: To examine and assess the halos generated in distance vision by multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) using both in vitro objective and in vivo subjective methods. Setting: The objective method was carried out in the optics laboratory of the Applied Optics and Image Processing Group (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya -Barcelona). The psychophysical and subjective methods were carried out in the Instituto de Oftalmología Avanzada Madrid Innova Ocular. Design: Optical bench results and prospective evaluation of consecutive cases. Methods: The IOLs examined were TECNIS®one-piece bifocals with addition powers of +4.00 D, +3.25 D, and +2.75 D and the trifocals AT-LISA-tri® and FineVision®. In the objective assessment, we examined halos around the far focus images of a pinhole formed by each IOL in an optical bench. For the in vivo study, we recruited 100 patients who had been bilaterally implanted one month earlier with the IOLs under study. Participants were subjected to psychophysical halometry (Halo v1.0) on the eye with better, distance-corrected, visual acuity and were required to subjectively grade halos by responding to the question “How much do halos bother you?” Results: The objective method revealed that the halo size increased with addition power and that the two trifocals gave rise to a double-halo pattern. Scores in the halometry also indicated a direct relationship between the halo size and addition power. The subjective results indicated fewer complaints about halos associated with the trifocal than bifocal IOLs. Conclusions: The addition power of the tested IOLs affected both laboratory-measured and patient-perceived halos. Trifocal lenses generated fewer complaints about halos. Precise: Multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs) give rise to halos observed by patients under conditions of dim lighting. This study compares laboratory characterized halos generated by five MIOLs with patient-perceived halos.
Francisco Alba-Bueno; Nuria Garzón; Fidel Vega; Francisco Poyales; Maria Millan. Patient-Perceived and Laboratory-Measured Halos Associated with Diffractive Bifocal and Trifocal Intraocular Lenses. Current Eye Research 2017, 43, 35 -42.
AMA StyleFrancisco Alba-Bueno, Nuria Garzón, Fidel Vega, Francisco Poyales, Maria Millan. Patient-Perceived and Laboratory-Measured Halos Associated with Diffractive Bifocal and Trifocal Intraocular Lenses. Current Eye Research. 2017; 43 (1):35-42.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancisco Alba-Bueno; Nuria Garzón; Fidel Vega; Francisco Poyales; Maria Millan. 2017. "Patient-Perceived and Laboratory-Measured Halos Associated with Diffractive Bifocal and Trifocal Intraocular Lenses." Current Eye Research 43, no. 1: 35-42.
We describe a first-and-second-diffractive-order intraocular lens ((1st,2nd)DIOL) within the class of hybrid refractive-diffractive designs for intraocular lenses (IOLs) and analyse its properties of focus extension and compensation of longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA), particularly for lenses with low addition. Power, energy efficiency and their wavelength dependence are extended from monofocal IOL and conventional bifocal zeroth-and-first-diffractive-order IOL ((0th,1st)DIOL) to (1st,2nd)DIOL of low addition. Compensation of LCA is experimentally assessed in optical bench through the through-focus energy efficiency of three Tecnis IOLs with red, green and blue illuminations: ZA9003 (monofocal), ZKB00 (bifocal (0th,1st)DIOL with + 2.75 D add) and Symfony ZXR00. We prove Tecnis Symfony ZXR00 IOL can be considered an example of (1st,2nd)DIOL design of low addition, with LCA compensation in both the distance and intermediate foci, whereas the bifocal (0th,1st)DIOL does not compensate in the distance focus. However, the energy efficiency of (1st,2nd)DIOL for wavelengths other than the design wavelength is markedly more asymmetric.
Maria S. Millán; Fidel Vega. Extended depth of focus intraocular lens: Chromatic performance. Biomedical Optics Express 2017, 8, 4294 -4309.
AMA StyleMaria S. Millán, Fidel Vega. Extended depth of focus intraocular lens: Chromatic performance. Biomedical Optics Express. 2017; 8 (9):4294-4309.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria S. Millán; Fidel Vega. 2017. "Extended depth of focus intraocular lens: Chromatic performance." Biomedical Optics Express 8, no. 9: 4294-4309.