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Dr. Kam K.H. Ng
Assistant Professor

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Air Traffic Control
0 Operations Research
0 optimisation methods
0 airside operations
0 human factors and ergonomics

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Air Traffic Control
airside operations
human factors and ergonomics

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Journal article
Published: 30 August 2021 in Advanced Engineering Informatics
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As the backbone of Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Systems for Air Traffic Management (CNS/ATM), Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is a surveillance technology and digital-technology enabler relying on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The onboard ADS-B Out system broadcasts the aircraft’s real-time digital information such as position and ground speed periodically (every 0.5–2 s), which is more frequent than the radar system. Taking this advantage, situational awareness and flight efficiency can be highly improved. In this paper, a novel heuristic search method based on ADS-B is proposed for the Aircraft Landing Problem (ALP) with the objective of reducing flight time while maintaining the time separation standards mandated by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The recorded ADS-B data in Shanghai Hongqiao and Pudong international airports are adopted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method. Results show that there is an obvious decrease in the total flight time. Besides, the heuristic search method can achieve continuous and real-time ALP updates, satisfying the requirements for air traffic control. While highlighting ADS-B-based applications, this study also provides some basic implications for the updated model in air traffic management.

ACS Style

Dabin Xue; Li-Ta Hsu; Cheng-Lung Wu; Ching-Hung Lee; Kam K.H. Ng. Cooperative surveillance systems and digital-technology enabler for a real-time standard terminal arrival schedule displacement. Advanced Engineering Informatics 2021, 50, 101402 .

AMA Style

Dabin Xue, Li-Ta Hsu, Cheng-Lung Wu, Ching-Hung Lee, Kam K.H. Ng. Cooperative surveillance systems and digital-technology enabler for a real-time standard terminal arrival schedule displacement. Advanced Engineering Informatics. 2021; 50 ():101402.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dabin Xue; Li-Ta Hsu; Cheng-Lung Wu; Ching-Hung Lee; Kam K.H. Ng. 2021. "Cooperative surveillance systems and digital-technology enabler for a real-time standard terminal arrival schedule displacement." Advanced Engineering Informatics 50, no. : 101402.

Journal article
Published: 03 June 2021 in Advanced Engineering Informatics
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Safety-critical systems like air traffic control (ATC) are usually less automated than might be expected by the public, so human intelligence will remain at the core in the decision-making (DM) process. Meanwhile, human factors (HFs) need to be fully considered in the DM process, which can design the ATC system to be more intelligent and more adaptive to the behaviour of the user. However, the existing DM research lacks the systematic methods that fully consider human performance in a smart manner. This study proposed a human-centred adaptive DM methodology that combines subjective and objective measurements made by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) via intelligent automation (IA). Moreover, this paper also described a case study of radar display map operation, including descriptive and optimised maps, to illustrate the proposed approach and verify its feasibility and effectiveness. The results were determined by jointly considering the user-generated and system-generated data and suggested that the proposed approach could capture subjective and objective data, take into consideration the HFs information to provide real-time online feedback and adjust the decision support system to HFs. It is hoped that this study can promote the methodology of human-centred subjective and objective data-driven applications in the future ATC environment adaptive decision research.

ACS Style

Qinbiao Li; Kam K.H. Ng; Zhijun Fan; Xin Yuan; Heshan Liu; Lingguo Bu. A human-centred approach based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy for adaptive decision-making in the air traffic control environment: A case study. Advanced Engineering Informatics 2021, 49, 101325 .

AMA Style

Qinbiao Li, Kam K.H. Ng, Zhijun Fan, Xin Yuan, Heshan Liu, Lingguo Bu. A human-centred approach based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy for adaptive decision-making in the air traffic control environment: A case study. Advanced Engineering Informatics. 2021; 49 ():101325.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qinbiao Li; Kam K.H. Ng; Zhijun Fan; Xin Yuan; Heshan Liu; Lingguo Bu. 2021. "A human-centred approach based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy for adaptive decision-making in the air traffic control environment: A case study." Advanced Engineering Informatics 49, no. : 101325.

Journal article
Published: 14 January 2021 in Computers & Industrial Engineering
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The robust traffic flow modelling approach offers a perspicacious and holistic surveillance for flight activities in a nearby terminal manoeuvring area. The real time flight information expedites the streaming control of terminal operations using computational intelligence. Hence, in order to reduce the adverse effect of severe uncertainty and the impact of delay propagation, the amplified disruption along with the terminal traffic flow network can be leveraged by using robust optimisation. The transit time from entry waypoint to actual landing time is uncertain since the true airspeed is affected by the wind direction and hazardous aviation weather in the terminal manoeuvring area. Robust optimisation for TTFP is to generate a solution against the uncertain outcomes, which implies that less effort by the ATC to perform re-scheduling is required. In addition, two decomposition methods are presented and proposed in this work. The computational performance of traditional Benders Decomposition will largely be affected by the infeasibility in the subsystem and resolution of infeasible solution in the second-stage optimisation problem resulting in a long iterative process. Therefore, we presented an enhanced Benders Decomposition method to tackle the infeasibility in the subsystem. As shown in the numerical experiments, the proposed method outperforms the traditional Benders Decomposition algorithm using Wilcoxon-signed ranks test and achieved a 58.52% improvement of solution quality in terms of solving one-hour flight traffic scenarios with an hour computation time limit.

ACS Style

Kam K.H. Ng; Chun-Hsien Chen; C.K.M. Lee. Mathematical programming formulations for robust airside terminal traffic flow optimisation problem. Computers & Industrial Engineering 2021, 154, 107119 .

AMA Style

Kam K.H. Ng, Chun-Hsien Chen, C.K.M. Lee. Mathematical programming formulations for robust airside terminal traffic flow optimisation problem. Computers & Industrial Engineering. 2021; 154 ():107119.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kam K.H. Ng; Chun-Hsien Chen; C.K.M. Lee. 2021. "Mathematical programming formulations for robust airside terminal traffic flow optimisation problem." Computers & Industrial Engineering 154, no. : 107119.

Review
Published: 14 January 2021 in Advanced Engineering Informatics
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With the recent developments in robotic process automation (RPA) and artificial intelligence (AI), academics and industrial practitioners are now pursuing robust and adaptive decision making (DM) in real-life engineering applications and automated business workflows and processes to accommodate context awareness, adaptation to environment and customisation. The emerging research via RPA, AI and soft computing offers sophisticated decision analysis methods, data-driven DM and scenario analysis with regard to the consideration of decision choices and provides benefits in numerous engineering applications. The emerging intelligent automation (IA) – the combination of RPA, AI and soft computing – can further transcend traditional DM to achieve unprecedented levels of operational efficiency, decision quality and system reliability. RPA allows an intelligent agent to eliminate operational errors and mimic manual routine decisions, including rule-based, well-structured and repetitive decisions involving enormous data, in a digital system, while AI has the cognitive capabilities to emulate the actions of human behaviour and process unstructured data via machine learning, natural language processing and image processing. Insights from IA drive new opportunities in providing automated DM processes, fault diagnosis, knowledge elicitation and solutions under complex decision environments with the presence of context-aware data, uncertainty and customer preferences. This sophisticated review attempts to deliver the relevant research directions and applications from the selected literature to the readers and address the key contributions of the selected literature, IA’s benefits, implementation considerations, challenges and potential IA applications to foster the relevant research development in the domain.

ACS Style

Kam K.H. Ng; Chun-Hsien Chen; C.K.M. Lee; Jianxin (Roger) Jiao; Zhi-Xin Yang. A systematic literature review on intelligent automation: Aligning concepts from theory, practice, and future perspectives. Advanced Engineering Informatics 2021, 47, 101246 .

AMA Style

Kam K.H. Ng, Chun-Hsien Chen, C.K.M. Lee, Jianxin (Roger) Jiao, Zhi-Xin Yang. A systematic literature review on intelligent automation: Aligning concepts from theory, practice, and future perspectives. Advanced Engineering Informatics. 2021; 47 ():101246.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kam K.H. Ng; Chun-Hsien Chen; C.K.M. Lee; Jianxin (Roger) Jiao; Zhi-Xin Yang. 2021. "A systematic literature review on intelligent automation: Aligning concepts from theory, practice, and future perspectives." Advanced Engineering Informatics 47, no. : 101246.

Journal article
Published: 03 December 2020 in Expert Systems with Applications
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Though American sign language (ASL) has gained recognition from the American society, few ASL applications have been developed with educational purposes. Those designed with real-time sign recognition systems are also lacking. Leap motion controller facilitates the real-time and accurate recognition of ASL signs. It allows an opportunity for designing a learning application with a real-time sign recognition system that seeks to improve the effectiveness of ASL learning. The project proposes an ASL learning application prototype. The application would be a whack-a-mole game with a real-time sign recognition system embedded. Since both static and dynamic signs (J, Z) exist in ASL alphabets, Long-Short Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network with k-Nearest-Neighbour method is adopted as the classification method is based on handling of sequences of input. Characteristics such as sphere radius, angles between fingers and distance between finger positions are extracted as input for the classification model. The model is trained with 2600 samples, 100 samples taken for each alphabet. The experimental results revealed that the recognition rate for 26 ASL alphabets yields an average of 99.44% accuracy rate and 91.82% in 5-fold cross-validation with the use of leap motion controller.

ACS Style

C.K.M. Lee; Kam K.H. Ng; Chun-Hsien Chen; H.C.W. Lau; S.Y. Chung; Tiffany Tsoi. American sign language recognition and training method with recurrent neural network. Expert Systems with Applications 2020, 167, 114403 .

AMA Style

C.K.M. Lee, Kam K.H. Ng, Chun-Hsien Chen, H.C.W. Lau, S.Y. Chung, Tiffany Tsoi. American sign language recognition and training method with recurrent neural network. Expert Systems with Applications. 2020; 167 ():114403.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C.K.M. Lee; Kam K.H. Ng; Chun-Hsien Chen; H.C.W. Lau; S.Y. Chung; Tiffany Tsoi. 2020. "American sign language recognition and training method with recurrent neural network." Expert Systems with Applications 167, no. : 114403.

Research article
Published: 01 December 2020 in Transportation Letters
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The rapid growth of the airline industry has caused an enormous demand in the context of air transport and air traffic congestion in several hub airports. In order to alleviate this situation and resolve the imbalance between the arrival and departure rate, efficient runway usage in airport capacity management is an immediate and feasible solution as compared to airport expansion and runway construction. Air Traffic Control (ATC) operators could optimize their runway capacity by operating dynamic runway configuration in switch-mode runways based on the air and airport traffic conditions. A semi-mixed mode runway is considered in this paper, wherein some runways are configured for either landing or take-off operations, while others are operated in switch mode. The demand for arrival and departure is subject to the passenger's demand, flight availability, and timings, preferred flight schedule, and frequency of flight schedule service, and usually vary in different hours (peak and nonpeak hours). Given this feature, ATC can reconfigure the runway mode responding to the current demand for arrival and departure and further seize the runway capacity via a systematic approach. Under the semi-mixed mode situation, formulating the coordination of dynamic runway configuration planning and the Aircraft Sequencing and Scheduling Problem is proposed. The air traffic pattern in Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) is used as a test case to evaluate the performance of this proposed model. Based on the test results, it was found that this dynamic runway configuration planning and semi-mixed runway design can utilize runway capacity more efficiently. In the numerical study, the dynamic runway configuration planning achieved 71.6%% and 37.08% reduction of flight tardiness than the two segregated runway systems (two landings and one take-off runways and one landing and two take-off runways) in HKIA.

ACS Style

Kam K.H. Ng; C.K.M. Lee; S.Z. Zhang; K.L. Keung. The impact of heterogeneous arrival and departure rates of flights on runway configuration optimization. Transportation Letters 2020, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Kam K.H. Ng, C.K.M. Lee, S.Z. Zhang, K.L. Keung. The impact of heterogeneous arrival and departure rates of flights on runway configuration optimization. Transportation Letters. 2020; ():1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kam K.H. Ng; C.K.M. Lee; S.Z. Zhang; K.L. Keung. 2020. "The impact of heterogeneous arrival and departure rates of flights on runway configuration optimization." Transportation Letters , no. : 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Virtual reality (VR) has been applied in many different sectors, including manufacturing and engineering industries as well as in the healthcare industry where VR-equipped health products can provide better prevention, rehabilitation, and palliative care in a user-friendly environment. The smart product-service system (PSS) aims to achieve better user experience and higher user satisfaction. Limited research has been conducted on the benefits of leveraging advanced VR systems in a sustainable smart PSS via analysis of human factors. Moreover, existing VR research lacks the systematic methods that fully consider user performance and experience in a smart manner. This study aims to outline a conceptual approach for user-centric development of value-added smart PSSs based on VR, and to develop a case study with a smart VR rowing machine to illustrate the proposed approach and to verify its feasibility and effectiveness. After the VR platform is created, user-generated and VR system-generated data are collected and processed. The value-added services of VR-assisted user experience and real-time data feedback can be achieved. The results of this ergonomic experiment were determined by jointly considering the user-generated and VR system-generated data. They showed that the developed smart VR rowing machine significantly enhanced the user experience. The value-added services of VR-assisted user experience and real-time data feedback have been achieved. Theoretically, the proposed conceptual framework for a VR-assisted, user-centric, smart PSS provides an approach of specific data-driven and value-added services compared to traditional methods since it simultaneously considers user-generated and VR system-generated data. In the practical smart PSS design of VR products, this paper contributes to the design methodology of VR products and value-added services to obtain more accurate and objective user experience. It is hoped that this study can offer insightful guidance to enterprises that are involved in the process of creating the value-added design and service based on VR.

ACS Style

Lingguo Bu; Chun-Hsien Chen; Kam K.H. Ng; Pai Zheng; Guijun Dong; Heshan Liu. A user-centric design approach for smart product-service systems using virtual reality: A case study. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 280, 124413 .

AMA Style

Lingguo Bu, Chun-Hsien Chen, Kam K.H. Ng, Pai Zheng, Guijun Dong, Heshan Liu. A user-centric design approach for smart product-service systems using virtual reality: A case study. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 280 ():124413.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lingguo Bu; Chun-Hsien Chen; Kam K.H. Ng; Pai Zheng; Guijun Dong; Heshan Liu. 2020. "A user-centric design approach for smart product-service systems using virtual reality: A case study." Journal of Cleaner Production 280, no. : 124413.

Journal article
Published: 03 August 2020 in Sustainability
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The rapid growth of air travel and aviation emissions in recent years has contributed to an increase in climate impact. Contrails have been considered one of the main factors of the aviation-induced climate impact. This paper deals with the formation of persistent contrails and its relationship with fuel consumption and flight time when flight altitude and true airspeed vary. Detailed contrail formation conditions pertaining to altitude, relative humidity and temperature are formulated according to the Schmidt–Appleman criterion. Building on the contrail formation model, the proposed model would minimise total travel time, fuel consumption and contrail length associated with a given flight. Empirical data (including pressure, temperature, relative humidity, etc.) collected from seven flight information regions in Chinese observation stations were used to analyse the spatial and temporal distributions of the persistent contrail formation area. The trade-off between flight time, fuel consumption and contrail length are illustrated with a real-world case. The results provided a valuable benchmark for flight route planning with environmental, flight time, sustainable flight trajectory planning and fuel consumption considerations, and showed significant contrail length reduction through an optimal selection of altitude and true airspeed.

ACS Style

Dabin Xue; Kam K. H. Ng; Li-Ta Hsu. Multi-Objective Flight Altitude Decision Considering Contrails, Fuel Consumption and Flight Time. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6253 .

AMA Style

Dabin Xue, Kam K. H. Ng, Li-Ta Hsu. Multi-Objective Flight Altitude Decision Considering Contrails, Fuel Consumption and Flight Time. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (15):6253.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dabin Xue; Kam K. H. Ng; Li-Ta Hsu. 2020. "Multi-Objective Flight Altitude Decision Considering Contrails, Fuel Consumption and Flight Time." Sustainability 12, no. 15: 6253.

Article
Published: 09 June 2020 in Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering
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The current healthcare system in Hong Kong is experiencing pressure due to constrained resources, with dramatic increases in inpatient services queue lengths, dissatisfaction with the working environment, unacceptable workforce arrangements and high turnover rate of hospital staff. To maintain the robustness of the healthcare system and a sustainable inpatients flow, the Food and Health Bureau launched a public-private partnership programme to utilise the resources of the public and private hospitals. This research investigates the potential for extension of the programme and further enhancing the sustainability of the long-term inpatient services under a mixed public-private healthcare policy via system dynamic modelling. The findings show that an increase of human resources in public hospitals does not substantially improve inpatient flow rate performance. Further, the results from the system dynamic approach provide insights into the expansion of the service areas of the programme and suggest increasing the number of referrals to private hospitals.

ACS Style

C.K.M. Lee; W.C. Tai; Kam K.H. Ng. System Dynamic Modelling of Patient Flow and Transferral Problem in a Mixed Public-Private Healthcare System: A Case Study of Hong Kong SAR. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2020, 29, 590 -608.

AMA Style

C.K.M. Lee, W.C. Tai, Kam K.H. Ng. System Dynamic Modelling of Patient Flow and Transferral Problem in a Mixed Public-Private Healthcare System: A Case Study of Hong Kong SAR. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering. 2020; 29 (5):590-608.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C.K.M. Lee; W.C. Tai; Kam K.H. Ng. 2020. "System Dynamic Modelling of Patient Flow and Transferral Problem in a Mixed Public-Private Healthcare System: A Case Study of Hong Kong SAR." Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 29, no. 5: 590-608.

Journal article
Published: 07 February 2020 in IEEE Access
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ACS Style

C. K. M. Lee; Y. Z. Huo; S. Z. Zhang; K. K. H. Ng. Design of a Smart Manufacturing System With the Application of Multi-Access Edge Computing and Blockchain Technology. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 28659 -28667.

AMA Style

C. K. M. Lee, Y. Z. Huo, S. Z. Zhang, K. K. H. Ng. Design of a Smart Manufacturing System With the Application of Multi-Access Edge Computing and Blockchain Technology. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 ():28659-28667.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C. K. M. Lee; Y. Z. Huo; S. Z. Zhang; K. K. H. Ng. 2020. "Design of a Smart Manufacturing System With the Application of Multi-Access Edge Computing and Blockchain Technology." IEEE Access 8, no. : 28659-28667.

Journal article
Published: 15 January 2020 in Applied Soft Computing
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Airport congestion witnesses potential conflicts: insufficient terminal airspace and delay propagation within scrambled the competition in the terminal manoeuvring area. Re-scheduling of flights is needed in numerous situations, heavy traffic in air segments, holding patterns, runway schedules and airport surface operations. Robust optimisation for terminal traffic flow problem, providing a practical point of view in hedging uncertainty, can leverage the adverse effect of uncertainty and schedule intervention. To avoid delay propagation throughout the air traffic flow network and reduce the vulnerability to disruption, this research adopts a two-stage robust optimisation approach in terminal traffic flow. It further enhances the quality of Pareto-optimality Benders-dual cutting plane based on core point approximation in the second stage recourse decision. The efficiency of the cutting plane algorithm is evaluated by a set of medium sized real-life scenarios. The numerical results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the well-known Pareto-optimal cuts in Benders-dual method from the literature.

ACS Style

K.K.H. Ng; C.K.M. Lee; Felix T.S. Chan; Chun-Hsien Chen; Yichen Qin. A two-stage robust optimisation for terminal traffic flow problem. Applied Soft Computing 2020, 89, 106048 .

AMA Style

K.K.H. Ng, C.K.M. Lee, Felix T.S. Chan, Chun-Hsien Chen, Yichen Qin. A two-stage robust optimisation for terminal traffic flow problem. Applied Soft Computing. 2020; 89 ():106048.

Chicago/Turabian Style

K.K.H. Ng; C.K.M. Lee; Felix T.S. Chan; Chun-Hsien Chen; Yichen Qin. 2020. "A two-stage robust optimisation for terminal traffic flow problem." Applied Soft Computing 89, no. : 106048.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in IEEE Access
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The rapid development and implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) in the engineering and manufacturing field have embraced a virtual identity to ensure nearly real-time adjustment. Warehouses are challenged to reassess its order fulfillment operations while simultaneously being provided with the opportunity to develop its own cloud-based CPS with the aid of IoT devices. Robotic Mobile Fulfillment System (RMFS) is a system controlling mobile robots, mobile storage rack, putaway and picking workstations, charging stations, and wireless communication infrastructure in the context of robotic-assisted warehouse. This paper addresses the value creation utilizing cloud-based CPS in RMFS. By providing an analysis of cloud services and IoT enhancement, theoretical concepts from the literatures are consolidated to solve the research que-stions on how RMFS offering better order fulfillment can gain benefits in terms of operational efficiency and system reliability. The paper also proposes a cloud-based CPS architecture, providing a comprehensive understanding on conflict avoidance strategy in the multi-layers multi-deeps warehouse layout. This research presents six conflict classifications in RMFS and provides a case study in the real-life context. Dock grid conflict is a new type of conflict appearing in multi-deeps RMFS. A scenario analysis with real customer orders is applied to present the collision detection and solution.

ACS Style

K. L. Keung; C. K. M. Lee; P. Ji; Kam K. H. Ng. Cloud-Based Cyber-Physical Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems: A Case Study of Collision Avoidance. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 89318 -89336.

AMA Style

K. L. Keung, C. K. M. Lee, P. Ji, Kam K. H. Ng. Cloud-Based Cyber-Physical Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems: A Case Study of Collision Avoidance. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):89318-89336.

Chicago/Turabian Style

K. L. Keung; C. K. M. Lee; P. Ji; Kam K. H. Ng. 2020. "Cloud-Based Cyber-Physical Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems: A Case Study of Collision Avoidance." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 89318-89336.

Journal article
Published: 10 October 2019 in Advanced Engineering Informatics
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Smart mobile robots are deployed to the warehouse environments to improve the efficiency, because of its characteristics of high automation and flexibility characteristics. However, the trajectory planning is a great challenge especially when a number of mobile robotics operates in the warehouse simultaneously. This paper proposes a cyber-physical system model for smart robotic warehouse to implement the workflow data collection and procedure monitor. A decoupled method is presented to find a conflict-free path for the mobile vehicles in the warehouses, after distributing destinations to mobile robots to minimize the total travel distance. The improved A* algorithm is applied to find paths from the source node to the destination node for single mobile vehicle in the domain of smart logistics. Collisions are detected by comparing the occupying time window of each mobile vehicle. Three collision avoidance strategies are developed to solve the conflicts and the candidate path with the minimal completion time is selected as the final determined route. The contribution of the paper is to propose a CPS-enabled robotic warehouse with dynamic conflict-free strategy to self-configure the path to optimize warehouse operation efficiency.

ACS Style

C.K.M. Lee; Bingbing Lin; K.K.H. Ng; YaQiong Lv; W.C. Tai. Smart robotic mobile fulfillment system with dynamic conflict-free strategies considering cyber-physical integration. Advanced Engineering Informatics 2019, 42, 100998 .

AMA Style

C.K.M. Lee, Bingbing Lin, K.K.H. Ng, YaQiong Lv, W.C. Tai. Smart robotic mobile fulfillment system with dynamic conflict-free strategies considering cyber-physical integration. Advanced Engineering Informatics. 2019; 42 ():100998.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C.K.M. Lee; Bingbing Lin; K.K.H. Ng; YaQiong Lv; W.C. Tai. 2019. "Smart robotic mobile fulfillment system with dynamic conflict-free strategies considering cyber-physical integration." Advanced Engineering Informatics 42, no. : 100998.

Journal article
Published: 23 September 2019 in Sustainability
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Air cargo transportation is an essential component in the freight transportation market, primarily due to the transportation requirements of time-sensitive products. Air cargo transportation plays an increasingly important role alongside economic development. Cargo flight network design and fleet routing selection significantly affect the performance of the air cargo transportation. In this research, we propose an integrated model simultaneously considering cargo flight network design and the fleet routing selection for the air cargo transportation. Two transportation modes, the direct transportation mode in point-to-point networks and the transshipment mode in hub-and-spoke networks, are compared. In order to solve the proposed optimization problem, a swarm-intelligence-based algorithm is adapted. Numerical experiments were conducted to examine and validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model and algorithm. The computational results suggest that the proper settings of hub and transshipment route selection in an air cargo transportation network can significantly reduce the transportation cost, which can provide practical managerial insights for the air cargo transportation industry.

ACS Style

Carman K.M. Lee; Shuzhu Zhang; Kam K.H. Ng. Design of An Integration Model for Air Cargo Transportation Network Design and Flight Route Selection. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5197 .

AMA Style

Carman K.M. Lee, Shuzhu Zhang, Kam K.H. Ng. Design of An Integration Model for Air Cargo Transportation Network Design and Flight Route Selection. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (19):5197.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carman K.M. Lee; Shuzhu Zhang; Kam K.H. Ng. 2019. "Design of An Integration Model for Air Cargo Transportation Network Design and Flight Route Selection." Sustainability 11, no. 19: 5197.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2019 in Sustainability
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An increasing number of people are conscious of the environmental awareness in various industries, particularly in city areas. It is now a popular trend for the urban catering service industry to outsource its labor-intensive activities, such as dishwashing, to a central dishwashing facility, in which labor force management and optimization are essential. Moreover, the increasing labor cost and fluctuating labor supply drive the increasing need for labor force optimization. This research develops an in-plant logistics simulation model for a central dishwashing facility with the purpose of improving its labor force utilization rate. A discrete event simulation model is established to simulate the tableware washing process, and this model is employed in a one-stop environmentally hygienic dishwashing service provider for trial implementation. The simulation result has been compared with actual situations, identifies the main bottlenecks of the tableware washing process, optimizes the utilization rate of the labor force, and further helps to improve the productivity.

ACS Style

Carman K.M. Lee; Shuzhu Zhang; Kam K.H. Ng. In-Plant Logistics Simulation Model for the Catering Service Industry Towards Sustainable Development: A Case Study. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3655 .

AMA Style

Carman K.M. Lee, Shuzhu Zhang, Kam K.H. Ng. In-Plant Logistics Simulation Model for the Catering Service Industry Towards Sustainable Development: A Case Study. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (13):3655.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carman K.M. Lee; Shuzhu Zhang; Kam K.H. Ng. 2019. "In-Plant Logistics Simulation Model for the Catering Service Industry Towards Sustainable Development: A Case Study." Sustainability 11, no. 13: 3655.

Chapter
Published: 01 January 2019 in Web Services
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Maintenance aims to reduce and eliminate the number of failures occurred during production as any breakdown of machine or equipment may lead to disruption for the supply chain. Maintenance policy is set to provide the guidance for selecting the most cost-effective maintenance approach and system to achieve operational safety. For example, predictive maintenance is most recommended for crucial components whose failure will cause severe function loss and safety risk. Recent utilization of big data and related techniques in predictive maintenance greatly improves the transparency for system health condition and boosts the speed and accuracy in the maintenance decision making. In this chapter, a Maintenance Policies Management framework under Big Data Platform is designed and the process of maintenance decision support system is simulated for a sensor-monitored semiconductor manufacturing plant. Artificial Intelligence is applied to classify the likely failure patterns and estimate the machine condition for the faulty component.

ACS Style

C. K. M. Lee; Yi Cao; Kam Hung Ng. Big Data Analytics for Predictive Maintenance Strategies. Web Services 2019, 1646 -1665.

AMA Style

C. K. M. Lee, Yi Cao, Kam Hung Ng. Big Data Analytics for Predictive Maintenance Strategies. Web Services. 2019; ():1646-1665.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C. K. M. Lee; Yi Cao; Kam Hung Ng. 2019. "Big Data Analytics for Predictive Maintenance Strategies." Web Services , no. : 1646-1665.

Original article
Published: 20 October 2018 in Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management
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Of landfilled municipal solid waste in Hong Kong, 33.2% is attributed to food waste. The government has set a waste reduction target to reduce by 40% the current food waste disposal at landfills by 2022 and has launched various policies and strategies to achieve this target. The Hong Kong Government is eager to control the utilisation level of food waste through various policies and the food waste conversion by a newly adopted Organic Waste Treatment Facility. In this study, the current landfill situation and the effectiveness of food waste policies are investigated using a system dynamics approach to study the dynamics and interrelationships in food waste management. The model is used to forecast the effectiveness of the food waste management in different scenarios. Among these scenarios, adopting Organic Waste Treatment Facility and implementing a quantity–volume-based charging scheme are examined. Although improvements are expected to be made after implementing these policies when compared to the current trends, the model output indicates that without any other new policy or action plan, it is difficult to achieve the objectives set by the government. Suggestions are made so as to improve the effectiveness of food waste management in the future.

ACS Style

C. K. M. Lee; K. K. H. Ng; C. K. Kwong; S. T. Tay. A system dynamics model for evaluating food waste management in Hong Kong, China. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 2018, 21, 433 -456.

AMA Style

C. K. M. Lee, K. K. H. Ng, C. K. Kwong, S. T. Tay. A system dynamics model for evaluating food waste management in Hong Kong, China. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management. 2018; 21 (3):433-456.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C. K. M. Lee; K. K. H. Ng; C. K. Kwong; S. T. Tay. 2018. "A system dynamics model for evaluating food waste management in Hong Kong, China." Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 21, no. 3: 433-456.

Journal article
Published: 25 August 2018 in Journal of Air Transport Management
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This study investigates the factors that influence customer loyalty to full-service carriers and low-cost carriers in the Hong Kong airline industry. A hypothesis model is proposed to examine the relationship of various drivers of customer loyalty. In this study, engagement in social media was used to assess the effect of advertising, while the impacts of perceived service quality were considered to measure the effect on perceived value, and their impacts on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Three hundred and fifty-six questionnaires were distributed at the Hong Kong International Airport to collect data. The multi-group analysis was conducted to evaluate the hypothesis model with two groups of passengers. The results confirmed that social media engagement, perceived service quality, and perceived value have an incidental relationship to customer satisfaction. Media engagement and service quality are the strong predictors of attitudinal and behavioural loyalty in low-cost carriers. Interestingly, our findings show that the two groups of passengers have notable differences regarding loyalty construction, which adequately explain how passengers have different service expectations and needs.

ACS Style

C.K.M. Lee; K.K.H. Ng; Hing Kai Chan; K.L. Choy; W.C. Tai; L.S. Choi. A multi-group analysis of social media engagement and loyalty constructs between full-service and low-cost carriers in Hong Kong. Journal of Air Transport Management 2018, 73, 46 -57.

AMA Style

C.K.M. Lee, K.K.H. Ng, Hing Kai Chan, K.L. Choy, W.C. Tai, L.S. Choi. A multi-group analysis of social media engagement and loyalty constructs between full-service and low-cost carriers in Hong Kong. Journal of Air Transport Management. 2018; 73 ():46-57.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C.K.M. Lee; K.K.H. Ng; Hing Kai Chan; K.L. Choy; W.C. Tai; L.S. Choi. 2018. "A multi-group analysis of social media engagement and loyalty constructs between full-service and low-cost carriers in Hong Kong." Journal of Air Transport Management 73, no. : 46-57.

Review
Published: 01 May 2018 in Applied Soft Computing
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The number of publications related to airside operation research is increasing and gaining in popularity. This paper aims to provide researchers with a comprehensive and extensive overview of meta-heuristics application for aviation research, with a particular focus on the airside operations. The scope of airside operation research covers airspace and air traffic flow management, aircraft operation in the terminal manoeuvring area and surface traffic operation. Based on the recent publications related to airside operations, the meta-heuristics approach is a promising approach to enhance the computational efficiency and achieve higher applicable in various decisions in airside operations. However, the literature on airside operation research is quite disjointed and disparate. Therefore, a general taxonomy framework for the airside information system is proposed in order to classify the research systematically and expedites related research and development of engineering applications in the aviation industry. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review of the field using the meta-heuristics approach. The prominent findings of recent publication and the directions of future research are addressed throughout the review and analysis of the relevant studies.

ACS Style

K.K.H. Ng; C.K.M. Lee; Felix T.S. Chan; YaQiong Lv. Review on meta-heuristics approaches for airside operation research. Applied Soft Computing 2018, 66, 104 -133.

AMA Style

K.K.H. Ng, C.K.M. Lee, Felix T.S. Chan, YaQiong Lv. Review on meta-heuristics approaches for airside operation research. Applied Soft Computing. 2018; 66 ():104-133.

Chicago/Turabian Style

K.K.H. Ng; C.K.M. Lee; Felix T.S. Chan; YaQiong Lv. 2018. "Review on meta-heuristics approaches for airside operation research." Applied Soft Computing 66, no. : 104-133.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science
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This article aims at identifying significant factors influencing behavioural intention and resistance of patients toward electronic health record sharing systems by using PLS-SEM. A questionnaire was selected as the major data collection method and 243 responses were collected. Thus, this paper reviewed different theoretical models to illustrate the factors which influence the behavioural intention of patients towards the usage of the system and to identify the most important factors for acceptance and resistance of patients' respectively. The responses were then divided into two groups, specialist patients and normal patients, which had the common factors including performance expectancy and effort expectancy. For specialist patients, transition costs were identified as the only factor significantly affecting resistance to use. For normal patients, sunk costs and regret avoidance were found to be positively correlated with resistance to using of normal patients.

ACS Style

Kin Lok Keung; Carman Lee; K.K.H. Ng; Sing Sum Leung; K.L. Choy. An Empirical Study on Patients' Acceptance and Resistance Towards Electronic Health Record Sharing System. International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science 2018, 9, 1 -27.

AMA Style

Kin Lok Keung, Carman Lee, K.K.H. Ng, Sing Sum Leung, K.L. Choy. An Empirical Study on Patients' Acceptance and Resistance Towards Electronic Health Record Sharing System. International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science. 2018; 9 (2):1-27.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kin Lok Keung; Carman Lee; K.K.H. Ng; Sing Sum Leung; K.L. Choy. 2018. "An Empirical Study on Patients' Acceptance and Resistance Towards Electronic Health Record Sharing System." International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science 9, no. 2: 1-27.