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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and inflammatory skin disease with intense pruritus and xerosis. AD pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving genetic, environmental, and immunological factors, including the participation of Staphylococcus aureus. This bacterium colonizes up to 30–100% of AD skin and its virulence factors are responsible for its pathogenicity and antimicrobial survival. This is a concise review of S. aureus superantigen-activated signaling pathways, highlighting their involvement in AD pathogenesis, with an emphasis on skin barrier disruption, innate and adaptive immunity dysfunction, and microbiome alterations. A better understanding of the combined mechanisms of AD pathogenesis may enhance the development of future targeted therapies for this complex disease.
Fabio Seiti Yamada Yoshikawa; Josenilson Feitosa De Lima; Maria Notomi Sato; Yasmin Álefe Leuzzi Ramos; Valeria Aoki; Raquel Leao Orfali. Exploring the Role of Staphylococcus Aureus Toxins in Atopic Dermatitis. Toxins 2019, 11, 321 .
AMA StyleFabio Seiti Yamada Yoshikawa, Josenilson Feitosa De Lima, Maria Notomi Sato, Yasmin Álefe Leuzzi Ramos, Valeria Aoki, Raquel Leao Orfali. Exploring the Role of Staphylococcus Aureus Toxins in Atopic Dermatitis. Toxins. 2019; 11 (6):321.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabio Seiti Yamada Yoshikawa; Josenilson Feitosa De Lima; Maria Notomi Sato; Yasmin Álefe Leuzzi Ramos; Valeria Aoki; Raquel Leao Orfali. 2019. "Exploring the Role of Staphylococcus Aureus Toxins in Atopic Dermatitis." Toxins 11, no. 6: 321.