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Chaowu Xie
College of Tourism, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China

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Journal article
Published: 22 February 2021 in Sustainability
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Ethnic minority villages are a vital part of tourism in certain destinations, often attracting many domestic and international visitors to experience unique local cultures and authentic lifestyles. However, much of the relevant literature has not examined tourist motivations, perceptions, and attitudes regarding ethnic minority village tourism. This exploratory qualitative research analyzed user-generated blogs uploaded by people sharing their ethnic minority village experiences in Guizhou Province, China. ROST Content Mining6 software was employed to identify motivations, perceptions, and attitudes toward minority village tourism. The findings indicated that tourist experience included natural aesthetic, cultural aesthetic, service and interaction, and entertainment. The main motivation was to experience unique cultural activities. The strongest perceptions were of the local villagers, Miao and Dong family life, and tourism services and environments. Tourist attitudes were mostly positive. Suggestions for better satisfying tourist needs and improving experiences were derived from the data.

ACS Style

Xiang Li; Chaowu Xie; Alastair Morrison; Thi Nguyen. Experiences, Motivations, Perceptions, and Attitudes Regarding Ethnic Minority Village Tourism. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2364 .

AMA Style

Xiang Li, Chaowu Xie, Alastair Morrison, Thi Nguyen. Experiences, Motivations, Perceptions, and Attitudes Regarding Ethnic Minority Village Tourism. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2364.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiang Li; Chaowu Xie; Alastair Morrison; Thi Nguyen. 2021. "Experiences, Motivations, Perceptions, and Attitudes Regarding Ethnic Minority Village Tourism." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2364.

Review
Published: 19 February 2021 in Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research
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Tourism crises are important events affecting the development of destinations. However, the academic community lacks adequate knowledge from the accumulated literature on the classification attributes, spatial distribution, and impact structure of global tourism crises. This research analyzed 302 articles related to tourism crises from 1991 to 2020 drawn from the Social Sciences Citation Index database. Bibliometric and content analyses were conducted to identify the event types, regional distribution, impact structure, and synergistic factors of tourism crises. The results showed that the extant research on tourism crises has event-driven characteristics. The types of tourism crises are diverse and have multiple subcategories. The tourism crises featured in academic research are mainly events affecting Asia, Europe, and North America, reflecting their real-world distribution. The impacts of tourism crises on destinations are at three levels: macro, meso, and micro. Synergistic factors can enhance or weaken the degree of crisis impacts, which include positive, negative, and interactive factors. Research on tourism crises has substantial future scope and this investigation puts forward an agenda for this work.

ACS Style

Jiahui Duan; Chaowu Xie; Alastair M. Morrison. Tourism Crises and Impacts on Destinations: A Systematic Review of the Tourism and Hospitality Literature. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Jiahui Duan, Chaowu Xie, Alastair M. Morrison. Tourism Crises and Impacts on Destinations: A Systematic Review of the Tourism and Hospitality Literature. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiahui Duan; Chaowu Xie; Alastair M. Morrison. 2021. "Tourism Crises and Impacts on Destinations: A Systematic Review of the Tourism and Hospitality Literature." Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research , no. : 1.

Research article
Published: 10 August 2020 in Journal of Travel Research
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Safety for tourists at places visited is essential to their enjoyment and experiences, as well as a determinant of destination success. Yet, little attention has been paid to the conceptualization and scale development for tourist perceived safety at destinations (TPSD). The primary purpose of this research was to identify the dimensions of TPSD and develop a scale for measuring it based on safety system theory. A three-stage study in a mixed-method design was conducted to develop and validate TPSD. Stage 1 identified the dimensions and initial items of TPSD through extensive literature reviewing and content analysis of travel blogs. In stage 2 (n = 300), an explanatory factor analysis was conducted to refine and validate the preliminary items. Stage 3 (n = 1,830) provided empirical support for a 20-item, five-dimension (human, facility and equipment, natural environment, social environment, management) TPSD scale through confirmatory factor analysis.

ACS Style

Chaowu Xie; Jiangchi Zhang; Alastair M. Morrison. Developing a Scale to Measure Tourist Perceived Safety. Journal of Travel Research 2020, 60, 1232 -1251.

AMA Style

Chaowu Xie, Jiangchi Zhang, Alastair M. Morrison. Developing a Scale to Measure Tourist Perceived Safety. Journal of Travel Research. 2020; 60 (6):1232-1251.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chaowu Xie; Jiangchi Zhang; Alastair M. Morrison. 2020. "Developing a Scale to Measure Tourist Perceived Safety." Journal of Travel Research 60, no. 6: 1232-1251.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2020 in Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management
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There is scant knowledge about how public opinion climate of risk influences tourist behavior in times of a safety crisis at the destination. In this study, we examined the potential moderation effect of public opinion climate on the relationships between tourist risk perception, destination image, and tourist satisfaction. We further distinguished tourist pre-travel and post-travel risk perceptions and proposed a path model linking pre-travel risk's effect on tourist satisfaction with post-travel risk perception and destination image as the serial multiple mediators. Data were collected from an on-site survey of tourists who visited China's Xinjiang area. The results indicate public opinion climate has a significant moderation effect above and beyond the effects of both pre-travel and post-travel risk perceptions on destination image and tourist satisfaction.

ACS Style

Chaowu Xie; Qian Huang; Zhibin Lin; Yanying Chen. Destination risk perception, image and satisfaction: The moderating effects of public opinion climate of risk. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 2020, 44, 122 -130.

AMA Style

Chaowu Xie, Qian Huang, Zhibin Lin, Yanying Chen. Destination risk perception, image and satisfaction: The moderating effects of public opinion climate of risk. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 2020; 44 ():122-130.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chaowu Xie; Qian Huang; Zhibin Lin; Yanying Chen. 2020. "Destination risk perception, image and satisfaction: The moderating effects of public opinion climate of risk." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 44, no. : 122-130.

Journal article
Published: 06 June 2020 in Tourism Management Perspectives
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This research explored the relationship between environmental stimuli and tourist experiences by considering the mediating impact of arousal level. Designed around the arousal theory of environmental psychology, this framework suggests that novel environmental stimuli create optimal arousal levels and lead to optimal performance. An on-site survey was distributed to tourists at Hu Li Shan Fortress in Xiamen, Fujian Province, China, which is a smart tourism destination recognized by the Chinese government. Completed self-administered questionnaires were obtained from 372 respondents who had used the smart facilities. The findings through the SEM (structural equation modeling) method revealed that physical and psychological stimuli had positive effects on arousal levels and tourist experiences and arousal level was a moderator between environmental stimuli and tourist experiences. Thus, destinations should offer optimal environmental stimuli to tourists by increasing smart facilities and services and continuously updating them.

ACS Style

Jianying Wang; Chaowu Xie; Qiaowen Huang; Alastair M. Morrison. Smart tourism destination experiences: The mediating impact of arousal levels. Tourism Management Perspectives 2020, 35, 100707 .

AMA Style

Jianying Wang, Chaowu Xie, Qiaowen Huang, Alastair M. Morrison. Smart tourism destination experiences: The mediating impact of arousal levels. Tourism Management Perspectives. 2020; 35 ():100707.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianying Wang; Chaowu Xie; Qiaowen Huang; Alastair M. Morrison. 2020. "Smart tourism destination experiences: The mediating impact of arousal levels." Tourism Management Perspectives 35, no. : 100707.

Journal article
Published: 30 January 2020 in International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management
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Purpose The main purpose of this study is to identify the dimensions of hotel employees’ job risk perceptions and develop a measurement scale for this construct. Design/methodology/approach Four studies using a mixed-method design were conducted to develop and validate the scale of hotel employees’ perceived job risk (HEPJR). Study 1 identified the dimensions and initial items of HEPJR through a literature review and in-depth interviews. In Study 2, an explanatory factor analysis was perform to refine the preliminary items. Study 3 further refined the HEPJR scale through a confirmatory factor analysis. Study 4 confirmed that HEPJR is a 19-item scale through a cross-validation analysis. Findings A reliable and valid scale was developed to measure the following five dimensions of HEPJR: perceived human, equipment, internal environment, external environment and management risks. HEPJR and its dimensions significantly predict negative safety consequences and negative job satisfaction. Research limitations/implications Employees in medium- and high-star-rated hotels in China were surveyed. Future research should test the HEPJR scale in other types of lodging formats (e.g. budget hotels, homestays and cruise ships) and different countries or regions. Practical implications Given the increasingly serious job risks faced by hotel employees, the HEPJR scale can become a benchmark for job risk identification, accident prevention and safety management. Originality/value This scale provides a clear conceptualization and an appropriate measurement tool of HEPJR from a risk-source perspective.

ACS Style

Chaowu Xie; Jiangchi Zhang; Yanying Chen; Alastair M. Morrison; Zhibin Lin. Measuring hotel employee perceived job risk: dimensions and scale development. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 2020, 32, 730 -748.

AMA Style

Chaowu Xie, Jiangchi Zhang, Yanying Chen, Alastair M. Morrison, Zhibin Lin. Measuring hotel employee perceived job risk: dimensions and scale development. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. 2020; 32 (2):730-748.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chaowu Xie; Jiangchi Zhang; Yanying Chen; Alastair M. Morrison; Zhibin Lin. 2020. "Measuring hotel employee perceived job risk: dimensions and scale development." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 32, no. 2: 730-748.

Journal article
Published: 14 January 2020 in Sustainability
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Residents are important participants and stakeholders in destination development. Identifying factors that assist in predicting resident pro-environmental behavior (PEB) may contribute to enhanced sustainability. Based on a traditional Chinese culture, this research constructed a model of resident PEB by introducing pro-environmental destination image (PEDI) and Confucianism as the independent and moderating variables, respectively. The structural equation modeling for 402 residents indicated the model had a satisfactory level of predictive power for PEB. The results showed that: (1) PEDI positively affected residents’ environmental identity, pro-environmental attitudes, and PEB; (2) environmental identity and pro-environmental attitudes completely mediated the impact of PEDI on residents’ PEB; and (3) Confucian culture had a positive U-shaped moderating effect in the relationships among these four variables. Overall, these findings advance the understanding of the formation of PEB in Confucian culture and provide theoretical and practical implications for fostering residents’ PEB.

ACS Style

Jiangchi Zhang; Chaowu Xie; Alastair M. Morrison; Kun Zhang. Fostering Resident Pro-Environmental Behavior: The Roles of Destination Image and Confucian Culture. Sustainability 2020, 12, 597 .

AMA Style

Jiangchi Zhang, Chaowu Xie, Alastair M. Morrison, Kun Zhang. Fostering Resident Pro-Environmental Behavior: The Roles of Destination Image and Confucian Culture. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (2):597.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiangchi Zhang; Chaowu Xie; Alastair M. Morrison; Kun Zhang. 2020. "Fostering Resident Pro-Environmental Behavior: The Roles of Destination Image and Confucian Culture." Sustainability 12, no. 2: 597.