This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
In this study, the occurrence of 12 organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), 64 pesticides, 21 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and 34 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in surface water, sediments and vegetation collected from seven locations along the South Riyadh and six locations along the Al-Jubail industrial city (Saudi Arabia) were reported. The median of the concentrations of ƩOPFRs, ƩPesticides, ƩPFASs and ƩPPCPs in water was 297, 231, 29.7 and 3794 ng L−1, respectively, in sediments 56.2, 40.4, 5.66 and 419 ng g−1 d.w., in crops for human consumption of 45.6, 42.0, 0.46 and 42.0 ng g−1, in farm crops of 13.4, 57.5, 3.2 and 637 ng g−1, and in natural vegetation of 51.7, 10.3, 1.88 and 1580 ng g−1. Predominant compounds in all matrices were tris-(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TClPP), acetamiprid, imidacloprid, caffeine, bisphenol A (BPA), diclofenac and ibuprofen. Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP), tris-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (TPhP), perfluoroctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluoroalkyl sulfonate (PFOS) and paracetamol were also in many samples but at low concentrations. The contaminants' levels showed similar values in both cities. However, pesticide levels were significantly higher in surface water (p < 0.05) and lower in natural vegetation (p < 0.05) of Riyadh than those of Al-Jubail. The risk assessment for the aquatic biota showed that abamectin, diazinon (pesticides), bisphenol A and caffeine (PPCPs) had the highest risk levels. The cumulative risk assessment showed that the contaminant mixture in all water samples is of concern. As far as the risk to human health is concerned, individual contaminants did not show a significant hazard for the population. However, OPFRs and pesticide requires a closed monitoring since % of admissible daily intakes (ADIs) or reference doses (RfD) are high. This is one of the most comprehensive study covering environmental and human risk assessment of emerging contaminants carried out in Saudi Arabia.
Yolanda Picó; Julian Campo; Ahmed H. Alfarhan; Mohamed A. El-Sheikh; Damià Barceló. A reconnaissance study of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, perfluoroalkyl substances and organophosphorus flame retardants in the aquatic environment, wild plants and vegetables of two Saudi Arabia urban areas: Environmental and human health risk assessment. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 776, 145843 .
AMA StyleYolanda Picó, Julian Campo, Ahmed H. Alfarhan, Mohamed A. El-Sheikh, Damià Barceló. A reconnaissance study of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, perfluoroalkyl substances and organophosphorus flame retardants in the aquatic environment, wild plants and vegetables of two Saudi Arabia urban areas: Environmental and human health risk assessment. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 776 ():145843.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYolanda Picó; Julian Campo; Ahmed H. Alfarhan; Mohamed A. El-Sheikh; Damià Barceló. 2021. "A reconnaissance study of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, perfluoroalkyl substances and organophosphorus flame retardants in the aquatic environment, wild plants and vegetables of two Saudi Arabia urban areas: Environmental and human health risk assessment." Science of The Total Environment 776, no. : 145843.
Water is one of the most important erosive agents in roadside hillslopes. When these are built with ineffective drainage systems, erosion occurs, reducing road’s service life. However, these systems are not receiving the appropriate importance, given their strategic value. Therefore, a new drainage system called ‘branched’ is proposed in this study. Its technical and economic feasibility is compared with those of the traditional system, which consists of drainages with lines that follow maximum hillslope, to assess differences in relation to erosion, construction and maintenance costs, and service life. Different parameters were analysed, such as the average velocity of water (mm−1) running through the channels, its average specific energy (kJ), and its drag force (N). A scale model was constructed and used to test these factors before implementing it in natural terrain for testing it under field conditions. According to the theoretical and measured results, these factors were lower in the branched drainage than in the traditional one (from 24% to 34% in speed, from 37% to 60% in energy, and from 51% to 73% in force). The service life of hillslopes with a branched system of up to 0.5 m high and 1:2 grade is significantly longer than in those with a traditional drainage. Although the initial economic expense for the construction of the branched system is higher (€3534/m3 as opposed to €2930/m3 for the traditional one), its maintenance cost will be lower than the traditional one (€1230/m3 per year for the branched one as opposed to €1332/m3 per year for the traditional one). Consequently, under our experimental conditions, the proposed drainage will be profitable from the eighth year of construction, saving on the road maintenance in the following 15 years of service life.
María Fernández-Raga; Iván García-Díez; Julian Campo; Julio Viejo; Covadonga Palencia. Effectiveness of a New Drainage System for Decreasing Erosion in Road Hillslopes. Air, Soil and Water Research 2021, 14, 1 .
AMA StyleMaría Fernández-Raga, Iván García-Díez, Julian Campo, Julio Viejo, Covadonga Palencia. Effectiveness of a New Drainage System for Decreasing Erosion in Road Hillslopes. Air, Soil and Water Research. 2021; 14 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Fernández-Raga; Iván García-Díez; Julian Campo; Julio Viejo; Covadonga Palencia. 2021. "Effectiveness of a New Drainage System for Decreasing Erosion in Road Hillslopes." Air, Soil and Water Research 14, no. : 1.
Rainfall is the key factor to understand soil erosion processes, mechanisms, and rates. Most research was conducted to determine rainfall characteristics and their relationship with soil erosion (erosivity) but there is little information about how atmospheric patterns control soil losses, and this is important to enable sustainable environmental planning and risk prevention. We investigated the temporal and spatial variability of the relationships of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield with atmospheric patterns (weather types, WTs) in the western Mediterranean basin. For this purpose, we analyzed a large database of rainfall events collected between 1985 and 2015 in 46 experimental plots and catchments with the aim to: (i) evaluate seasonal differences in the contribution of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield produced by the WTs; and (ii) to analyze the seasonal efficiency of the different WTs (relation frequency and magnitude) related to rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield. The results indicate two different temporal patterns: the first weather type exhibits (during the cold period: autumn and winter) westerly flows that produce the highest rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield values throughout the territory; the second weather type exhibits easterly flows that predominate during the warm period (spring and summer) and it is located on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula. However, the cyclonic situations present high frequency throughout the whole year with a large influence extended around the western Mediterranean basin. Contrary, the anticyclonic situations, despite of its high frequency, do not contribute significantly to the total rainfall, runoff, and sediment (showing the lowest efficiency) because of atmospheric stability that currently characterize this atmospheric pattern. Our approach helps to better understand the relationship of WTs on the seasonal and spatial variability of rainfall, runoff and sediment yield with a regional scale based on the large dataset and number of soil erosion experimental stations.
D. Peña-Angulo; E. Nadal-Romero; J.C. González-Hidalgo; J. Albaladejo; V. Andreu; H. Bahri; S. Bernal; M. Biddoccu; R. Bienes; J. Campo; Miguel Ángel Campo-Bescós; A. Canatário-Duarte; Y. Cantón; J. Casali; V. Castillo; E. Cavallo; A. Cerdà; P. Cid; N. Cortesi; G. Desir; Elvira Diaz Pereira; T. Espigares; J. Estrany; J. Farguell; M. Fernández-Raga; C.S. Ferreira; V. Ferro; F. Gallart; R. Giménez; E. Gimeno; J.A. Gómez; A. Gómez-Gutiérrez; H. Gómez-Macpherson; O. González-Pelayo; O. Kairis; G.P. Karatzas; S. Keesstra; S. Klotz; C. Kosmas; N. Lana-Renault; T. Lasanta; J. Latron; R. Lázaro; Y. Le Bissonnais; C. Le Bouteiller; F. Licciardello; J.A. López-Tarazón; A. Lucía; V.M. Marín-Moreno; C. Marín; M.J. Marqués; J. Martínez-Fernández; M. Martínez-Mena; L. Mateos; N. Mathys; L. Merino-Martín; M. Moreno-De Las Heras; N. Moustakas; J.M. Nicolau; V. Pampalone; D. Raclot; M.L. Rodríguez-Blanco; J. Rodrigo-Comino; A. Romero-Díaz; Encarnación Taguas Ruiz; J.L. Rubio; S. Schnabel; J.M. Senciales-González; A. Solé-Benet; E.V. Taguas; M.T. Taboada-Castro; F. Todisco; X. Úbeda; E.A. Varouchakis; L. Wittenberg; A. Zabaleta; M. Zorn. Relationship of Weather Types on the Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Rainfall, Runoff, and Sediment Yield in the Western Mediterranean Basin. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 609 .
AMA StyleD. Peña-Angulo, E. Nadal-Romero, J.C. González-Hidalgo, J. Albaladejo, V. Andreu, H. Bahri, S. Bernal, M. Biddoccu, R. Bienes, J. Campo, Miguel Ángel Campo-Bescós, A. Canatário-Duarte, Y. Cantón, J. Casali, V. Castillo, E. Cavallo, A. Cerdà, P. Cid, N. Cortesi, G. Desir, Elvira Diaz Pereira, T. Espigares, J. Estrany, J. Farguell, M. Fernández-Raga, C.S. Ferreira, V. Ferro, F. Gallart, R. Giménez, E. Gimeno, J.A. Gómez, A. Gómez-Gutiérrez, H. Gómez-Macpherson, O. González-Pelayo, O. Kairis, G.P. Karatzas, S. Keesstra, S. Klotz, C. Kosmas, N. Lana-Renault, T. Lasanta, J. Latron, R. Lázaro, Y. Le Bissonnais, C. Le Bouteiller, F. Licciardello, J.A. López-Tarazón, A. Lucía, V.M. Marín-Moreno, C. Marín, M.J. Marqués, J. Martínez-Fernández, M. Martínez-Mena, L. Mateos, N. Mathys, L. Merino-Martín, M. Moreno-De Las Heras, N. Moustakas, J.M. Nicolau, V. Pampalone, D. Raclot, M.L. Rodríguez-Blanco, J. Rodrigo-Comino, A. Romero-Díaz, Encarnación Taguas Ruiz, J.L. Rubio, S. Schnabel, J.M. Senciales-González, A. Solé-Benet, E.V. Taguas, M.T. Taboada-Castro, F. Todisco, X. Úbeda, E.A. Varouchakis, L. Wittenberg, A. Zabaleta, M. Zorn. Relationship of Weather Types on the Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Rainfall, Runoff, and Sediment Yield in the Western Mediterranean Basin. Atmosphere. 2020; 11 (6):609.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD. Peña-Angulo; E. Nadal-Romero; J.C. González-Hidalgo; J. Albaladejo; V. Andreu; H. Bahri; S. Bernal; M. Biddoccu; R. Bienes; J. Campo; Miguel Ángel Campo-Bescós; A. Canatário-Duarte; Y. Cantón; J. Casali; V. Castillo; E. Cavallo; A. Cerdà; P. Cid; N. Cortesi; G. Desir; Elvira Diaz Pereira; T. Espigares; J. Estrany; J. Farguell; M. Fernández-Raga; C.S. Ferreira; V. Ferro; F. Gallart; R. Giménez; E. Gimeno; J.A. Gómez; A. Gómez-Gutiérrez; H. Gómez-Macpherson; O. González-Pelayo; O. Kairis; G.P. Karatzas; S. Keesstra; S. Klotz; C. Kosmas; N. Lana-Renault; T. Lasanta; J. Latron; R. Lázaro; Y. Le Bissonnais; C. Le Bouteiller; F. Licciardello; J.A. López-Tarazón; A. Lucía; V.M. Marín-Moreno; C. Marín; M.J. Marqués; J. Martínez-Fernández; M. Martínez-Mena; L. Mateos; N. Mathys; L. Merino-Martín; M. Moreno-De Las Heras; N. Moustakas; J.M. Nicolau; V. Pampalone; D. Raclot; M.L. Rodríguez-Blanco; J. Rodrigo-Comino; A. Romero-Díaz; Encarnación Taguas Ruiz; J.L. Rubio; S. Schnabel; J.M. Senciales-González; A. Solé-Benet; E.V. Taguas; M.T. Taboada-Castro; F. Todisco; X. Úbeda; E.A. Varouchakis; L. Wittenberg; A. Zabaleta; M. Zorn. 2020. "Relationship of Weather Types on the Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Rainfall, Runoff, and Sediment Yield in the Western Mediterranean Basin." Atmosphere 11, no. 6: 609.
Juan Antonio Pascual Aguilar; Julian Campo; Sara Nebot Meneu; Eugenia Gimeno-García; Vicente Andreu. Analysis of existing water information for the applicability of water quality indices in the fluvial-littoral area of turia and Jucar Rivers, valencia, Spain. Applied Geography 2019, 111, 1 .
AMA StyleJuan Antonio Pascual Aguilar, Julian Campo, Sara Nebot Meneu, Eugenia Gimeno-García, Vicente Andreu. Analysis of existing water information for the applicability of water quality indices in the fluvial-littoral area of turia and Jucar Rivers, valencia, Spain. Applied Geography. 2019; 111 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Antonio Pascual Aguilar; Julian Campo; Sara Nebot Meneu; Eugenia Gimeno-García; Vicente Andreu. 2019. "Analysis of existing water information for the applicability of water quality indices in the fluvial-littoral area of turia and Jucar Rivers, valencia, Spain." Applied Geography 111, no. : 1.
For the study of soil erosion it is important to set up the experiments well. In the experimental design one of the key factors is the choice of the measurement device. This is especially important when one part of the erosion process needs to be isolated, such as for splash erosion. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to list the general characteristics of the commonly used splash erosion devices and to discuss the performance, to be able to relate them, and make suggestions regarding their use. The devices we selected for this comparative comparison were: the splash cup, funnel, Morgan tray, Tübingen cup, tower, and the gutter. The devices were tested under the same conditions (rainfall characteristics, slope, and soil type) to assess their hydrological response under different intensities of simulated rainfall. All devices were installed on a sloping plot (10°) with sandy soil, and were exposed to 10 min. of simulated rain with intensities ranging from 60 to 172 mm/h to measure the splashed sediment, and to describe problems and differences among them. The results showed that the Tübingen cup was the best performing device to measure kinetic energy of the rain, but, because of its design, it is not possible to measure the detached splashed sediment under natural (field) conditions. On the other hand, the funnel device showed a significant relation with rain intensity because it loses little sediment to washing. In addition, the device is easy to use and cheap. Therefore, this device is highly recommended to estimated splash erosion. to the good performance measuring the actual splash erosion, because it loses little sediment by washing. The device is also cheap and easy to install and manage.
María Fernández-Raga; Julián Campo; Jesús Rodrigo-Comino; Saskia D. Keesstra. Comparative Analysis of Splash Erosion Devices for Rainfall Simulation Experiments: A Laboratory Study. Water 2019, 11, 1228 .
AMA StyleMaría Fernández-Raga, Julián Campo, Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, Saskia D. Keesstra. Comparative Analysis of Splash Erosion Devices for Rainfall Simulation Experiments: A Laboratory Study. Water. 2019; 11 (6):1228.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Fernández-Raga; Julián Campo; Jesús Rodrigo-Comino; Saskia D. Keesstra. 2019. "Comparative Analysis of Splash Erosion Devices for Rainfall Simulation Experiments: A Laboratory Study." Water 11, no. 6: 1228.
Afforestation is an important strategy that can decrease atmospheric carbon by sequestering carbon in biomass and soil. In Spain, an active afforestation programme was adopted in the 1950s when the soil was severely eroded after widespread abandonment of arable land. The Araguás catchment (Central Spanish Pyrenees) is a good example of this programme because it was afforested with both Pinus sylvestris L. (PS) and Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold (PN). The soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and lignin content (based on the vanillyl, syringyl and cinnamyl contents) of these afforested soils were examined, and compared to those of bare soil, secondary succession and meadow soils. Both the SOC stock and lignin content were used to evaluate the effects of land‐use changes on soil. Curie‐point pyrolysis with tetramethylammonium hydroxide was used to assess the lignin content. In the bare soil, there was none of the lignin compounds. The largest SOC stock and lignin content occurred under PN and secondary succession sites. A decreasing trend for the lignin content, related to the limited organic matter input and the longer degradation period, was observed at deeper horizons in all soils except meadows. These meadow soils also showed increased SOC stocks in deeper horizons. Land abandonment reduced the SOC stock although no significant differences were observed in the organic carbon incorporation assessed through lignin content (and if this was so it was restricted to the top centimetre or so). According to the results, PN was the best afforestation practice for increasing SOC stock and lignin content in soil. Pinus sylvestris afforestation was less successful than secondary succession, at increasing SOC sequestration and lignin content. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Julian Campo; Romy J. Stijsiger; Estela Nadal‐Romero; Erik Cammeraat. The effects of land abandonment and long‐term afforestation practices on the organic carbon stock and lignin content of Mediterranean humid mountain soils. European Journal of Soil Science 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleJulian Campo, Romy J. Stijsiger, Estela Nadal‐Romero, Erik Cammeraat. The effects of land abandonment and long‐term afforestation practices on the organic carbon stock and lignin content of Mediterranean humid mountain soils. European Journal of Soil Science. 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulian Campo; Romy J. Stijsiger; Estela Nadal‐Romero; Erik Cammeraat. 2019. "The effects of land abandonment and long‐term afforestation practices on the organic carbon stock and lignin content of Mediterranean humid mountain soils." European Journal of Soil Science , no. : 1.
Soil degradation by water is a serious environmental problem worldwide, with specific climatic factors being the major causes. We investigated the relationships between synoptic atmospheric patterns (i.e. weather types, WTs) and runoff, erosion and sediment yield throughout the Mediterranean basin by analyzing a large database of natural rainfall events at 68 research sites in 9 countries. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify spatial relationships of the different WTs including three hydro-sedimentary variables: rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield (SY, used to refer to both soil erosion measured at plot scale and sediment yield registered at catchment scale). The results indicated 4 spatial classes of rainfall and runoff: (a) northern sites dependent on North (N) and North West (NW) flows; (b) eastern sites dependent on E and NE flows; (c) southern sites dependent on S and SE flows; and, finally, (d) western sites dependent on W and SW flows. Conversely, three spatial classes are identified for SY characterized by: (a) N and NE flows in northern sites (b) E flows in eastern sites, and (c) W and SW flows in western sites. Most of the rainfall, runoff and SY occurred during a small number of daily events, and just a few WTs accounted for large percentages of the total. Our results confirm that characterization by WT improves understanding of the general conditions under which runoff and SY occur, and provides useful information for understanding the spatial variability of runoff, and SY throughout the Mediterranean basin. The approach used here could be useful to aid of the design of regional water management and soil conservation measures.
D. Peña-Angulo; E. Nadal-Romero; J.C. González-Hidalgo; Juan Albaladejo; V. Andreu; V. Bagarello; H. Barhi; R.J. Batalla; Susana Bernal; R. Bienes; J. Campo; M.A. Campo-Bescós; A. Canatario-Duarte; Y. Cantón; J. Casali; Victor M Castillo; A. Cerdà; A. Cheggour; P. Cid; N. Cortesi; G. Desir; E. Díaz-Pereira; T. Espigares; J. Estrany; M. Fernández-Raga; C.S.S. Ferreira; V. Ferro; F. Gallart; R. Giménez; E. Gimeno; J.A. Gómez; A. Gómez-Gutiérrez; H. Gómez-Macpherson; O. González-Pelayo; P. Hueso-González; O. Kairis; G.P. Karatzas; S. Klotz; C. Kosmas; N. Lana-Renault; T. Lasanta; J. Latron; R. Lázaro; Y. Le Bissonnais; C. Le Bouteiller; F. Licciardello; J.A. López-Tarazón; Ana Lucía; C. Marín; M.J. Marqués; J. Martínez-Fernández; M. Martínez-Mena; J.F. Martínez-Murillo; L. Mateos; N. Mathys; L. Merino-Martín; M. Moreno-De Las Heras; N. Moustakas; J.M. Nicolau; A. Novara; V. Pampalone; D. Raclot; M.L. Rodríguez-Blanco; J. Rodrigo-Comino; A. Romero-Díaz; E. Roose; J.L. Rubio; J.D. Ruiz-Sinoga; Susanne Schnabel; J.M. Senciales-González; V. Simonneaux; A. Solé-Benet; E.V. Taguas; M.M. Taboada-Castro; F. Todisco; X. Úbeda; E.A. Varouchakis; D. Vericat; L. Wittenberg; Ane Zabaleta; M. Zorn. Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin. Journal of Hydrology 2019, 571, 390 -405.
AMA StyleD. Peña-Angulo, E. Nadal-Romero, J.C. González-Hidalgo, Juan Albaladejo, V. Andreu, V. Bagarello, H. Barhi, R.J. Batalla, Susana Bernal, R. Bienes, J. Campo, M.A. Campo-Bescós, A. Canatario-Duarte, Y. Cantón, J. Casali, Victor M Castillo, A. Cerdà, A. Cheggour, P. Cid, N. Cortesi, G. Desir, E. Díaz-Pereira, T. Espigares, J. Estrany, M. Fernández-Raga, C.S.S. Ferreira, V. Ferro, F. Gallart, R. Giménez, E. Gimeno, J.A. Gómez, A. Gómez-Gutiérrez, H. Gómez-Macpherson, O. González-Pelayo, P. Hueso-González, O. Kairis, G.P. Karatzas, S. Klotz, C. Kosmas, N. Lana-Renault, T. Lasanta, J. Latron, R. Lázaro, Y. Le Bissonnais, C. Le Bouteiller, F. Licciardello, J.A. López-Tarazón, Ana Lucía, C. Marín, M.J. Marqués, J. Martínez-Fernández, M. Martínez-Mena, J.F. Martínez-Murillo, L. Mateos, N. Mathys, L. Merino-Martín, M. Moreno-De Las Heras, N. Moustakas, J.M. Nicolau, A. Novara, V. Pampalone, D. Raclot, M.L. Rodríguez-Blanco, J. Rodrigo-Comino, A. Romero-Díaz, E. Roose, J.L. Rubio, J.D. Ruiz-Sinoga, Susanne Schnabel, J.M. Senciales-González, V. Simonneaux, A. Solé-Benet, E.V. Taguas, M.M. Taboada-Castro, F. Todisco, X. Úbeda, E.A. Varouchakis, D. Vericat, L. Wittenberg, Ane Zabaleta, M. Zorn. Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin. Journal of Hydrology. 2019; 571 ():390-405.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD. Peña-Angulo; E. Nadal-Romero; J.C. González-Hidalgo; Juan Albaladejo; V. Andreu; V. Bagarello; H. Barhi; R.J. Batalla; Susana Bernal; R. Bienes; J. Campo; M.A. Campo-Bescós; A. Canatario-Duarte; Y. Cantón; J. Casali; Victor M Castillo; A. Cerdà; A. Cheggour; P. Cid; N. Cortesi; G. Desir; E. Díaz-Pereira; T. Espigares; J. Estrany; M. Fernández-Raga; C.S.S. Ferreira; V. Ferro; F. Gallart; R. Giménez; E. Gimeno; J.A. Gómez; A. Gómez-Gutiérrez; H. Gómez-Macpherson; O. González-Pelayo; P. Hueso-González; O. Kairis; G.P. Karatzas; S. Klotz; C. Kosmas; N. Lana-Renault; T. Lasanta; J. Latron; R. Lázaro; Y. Le Bissonnais; C. Le Bouteiller; F. Licciardello; J.A. López-Tarazón; Ana Lucía; C. Marín; M.J. Marqués; J. Martínez-Fernández; M. Martínez-Mena; J.F. Martínez-Murillo; L. Mateos; N. Mathys; L. Merino-Martín; M. Moreno-De Las Heras; N. Moustakas; J.M. Nicolau; A. Novara; V. Pampalone; D. Raclot; M.L. Rodríguez-Blanco; J. Rodrigo-Comino; A. Romero-Díaz; E. Roose; J.L. Rubio; J.D. Ruiz-Sinoga; Susanne Schnabel; J.M. Senciales-González; V. Simonneaux; A. Solé-Benet; E.V. Taguas; M.M. Taboada-Castro; F. Todisco; X. Úbeda; E.A. Varouchakis; D. Vericat; L. Wittenberg; Ane Zabaleta; M. Zorn. 2019. "Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin." Journal of Hydrology 571, no. : 390-405.
The analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) in the different environmental compartments of a characteristic coastal wetland, the Albufera Natural Park (Valencia, Spain), is required for understanding the transport, accumulation and fate of these pollutants in an area under high anthropogenic pressure. Samples included 13 wastewater treatment plant influents, 13 effluents, 12 surface water, 19 sediment samples and 10 fish individuals from the Albufera Natural Park and the surrounding area. Tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were at the highest concentrations in water, 330.2 ng L−1 and 47.8 ng L−1, respectively. In fish and sediment PFOS was also the most detected while perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was in all types of water. Higher levels of target compounds (mainly PFASs) in wastewater effluents compared to influent suggested both, formation from precursors during treatment and poor removal efficiency. Mean levels of PFOS in water and fish were higher than the environmental quality standards (EQS) established by the European Union Directive 2013/39/EU. The influence of the metropolitan area of Valencia and the industrial belt that surrounds it could explain the significantly higher levels reported in the northern part (influenced by the Turia River).
María Lorenzo; Julian Campo; María Morales Suárez-Varela; Yolanda Picó. Occurrence, distribution and behavior of emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in a Mediterranean wetland protected area. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 646, 1009 -1020.
AMA StyleMaría Lorenzo, Julian Campo, María Morales Suárez-Varela, Yolanda Picó. Occurrence, distribution and behavior of emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in a Mediterranean wetland protected area. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 646 ():1009-1020.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Lorenzo; Julian Campo; María Morales Suárez-Varela; Yolanda Picó. 2018. "Occurrence, distribution and behavior of emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in a Mediterranean wetland protected area." Science of The Total Environment 646, no. : 1009-1020.
Emerging persistent organic pollutants (ePOPs) include polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride/perfluorooctane sulfonate (POSF/PFOS), which are newly listed in the Stockholm Convention. Other ePOPs, which have not been regulated, include organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs), novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) and other perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Often ePOPs data related to occurrence, toxicity, impact or environmental behavior are insufficient or inadequate because of the lack of proper analytical methods to obtain them. Thus, a critical review of the analytical procedures proposed in the last six years (2011–2017) for determining ePOPs by chromatographic methods in the different compartments of the aquatic ecosystems is presented. The overall analytical procedure, from sampling to final determination, is emphasized presenting recent developments in the extraction, pre-concentration, and instrumental detection needed for the accurate quantification of ePOPs in environmental samples. Finally, this review examines the basic challenges we face in order to anticipate future directions and urgent needs of this field.
María Lorenzo; Julian Campo; Yolanda Pico. Analytical challenges to determine emerging persistent organic pollutants in aquatic ecosystems. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 2018, 103, 137 -155.
AMA StyleMaría Lorenzo, Julian Campo, Yolanda Pico. Analytical challenges to determine emerging persistent organic pollutants in aquatic ecosystems. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2018; 103 ():137-155.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Lorenzo; Julian Campo; Yolanda Pico. 2018. "Analytical challenges to determine emerging persistent organic pollutants in aquatic ecosystems." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 103, no. : 137-155.
A solid‐liquid extraction method combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry was developed and optimized for extraction and analysis of organophosphorus flame retardants in soil and fish. Methanol was chosen as the optimum extraction solvent, not only in terms of extraction efficiency, but also for its broader analyte coverage. The subsequent clean‐up by solid‐phase extraction is required to eliminate matrix co‐extractives and reduce matrix effects. Recoveries of the optimized method were 50–121% for soil and 47–123% for biota, both with high precision (RSDs < 12% in soil and < 23% in biota). The method limits of detection ranged from 0.06 to 0.20 ng g−1 dry weight and between 0.02 and 0.30 ng g−1 wet weight for soil and biota samples, respectively. However, samples with a high lipid content produce several problems as solid‐phase extraction cartridge clogging that increase variability and analysis time. The method was successfully applied for the determination of organophosphorus flame retardants in soil and fish from L'Albufera Natural Park (Valencia, Spain). Target compounds were detected in all soil and fish samples with values varying from 13.8 to 89.7 ng g−1 dry weight and from 3.3 to 53.0 ng g−1 wet weight, respectively. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
María Lorenzo; Julian Campo; Yolanda Picó. Determination of organophosphate flame retardants in soil and fish using ultrasound-assisted extraction, solid-phase clean-up, and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Separation Science 2018, 41, 2595 -2603.
AMA StyleMaría Lorenzo, Julian Campo, Yolanda Picó. Determination of organophosphate flame retardants in soil and fish using ultrasound-assisted extraction, solid-phase clean-up, and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Separation Science. 2018; 41 (12):2595-2603.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Lorenzo; Julian Campo; Yolanda Picó. 2018. "Determination of organophosphate flame retardants in soil and fish using ultrasound-assisted extraction, solid-phase clean-up, and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry." Journal of Separation Science 41, no. 12: 2595-2603.
Forest fires can be a source of contamination because, among others, of the use of chemicals to their extinction (flame retardants, FRs), or by the production of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) derived from high temperature alteration of organic matter. Up to our knowledge, this study is the first to assess the direct (PAHs 16 on the USA EPA's priority list), and indirect [tri- to hepta- brominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs)] contamination related to forest fires. The abundance and distribution of these contaminants were monitored on two Mediterranean hillslopes, one burned and one unburned, near Azuébar (SE Spain). Samples were taken in the foot, middle, and top of the slope, at two depths, and in two environments (under canopy and bare soil). Sediments were collected from sediment fences after erosive rainfall events. Most of the screened compounds were found in both, burned and control hillslopes, though significant differences were found between both. In burned soil, low concentrations of PBDEs (maximum ΣPBDEs: 7.3ngg), PFRs (664.4ngg) and PFASs (56.4ngg) were detected in relation to PAHs (Σ16 PAHs=1255.3ngg). No significant influence of the hillslope position was observed for any of the contaminants but differences based on depth and vegetation presence tended to be significant, particularly for the PAHs. After the first erosive event, concentrations of PBDEs and PAHs were higher in sediment than in soil (ΣPBDEs: 17.8ngg and Σ16 PAHs=3154.2ngg) pointing out the importance of connectivity processes, especially shortly after fire.
Julian Campo; María Lorenzo; Erik Cammeraat; Yolanda Pico; Vicente Andreu. Emerging contaminants related to the occurrence of forest fires in the Spanish Mediterranean. Science of The Total Environment 2017, 603-604, 330 -339.
AMA StyleJulian Campo, María Lorenzo, Erik Cammeraat, Yolanda Pico, Vicente Andreu. Emerging contaminants related to the occurrence of forest fires in the Spanish Mediterranean. Science of The Total Environment. 2017; 603-604 ():330-339.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulian Campo; María Lorenzo; Erik Cammeraat; Yolanda Pico; Vicente Andreu. 2017. "Emerging contaminants related to the occurrence of forest fires in the Spanish Mediterranean." Science of The Total Environment 603-604, no. : 330-339.
A combined methodology to identify and quantify farming chemicals in the entire Júcar River basin has been developed. The procedure consisted of the application of environmental forensic criteria associating laboratory analytical samples, cartographic analysis using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and synthetic statistical analysis. Sampling involved the collection of 15 samples in surface waters distributed alongside the Júcar River and its two main tributaries (Cabriel and Magro Rivers). The analytical procedure involves generic sample extraction and selective determination of up to 50 target pesticides by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Geographical analysis was performed by mixing both sampling points with analytical results and land use-cover layers for the year 2011. PCA and descriptive statistical analysis was further performed combining land use/cover information and pesticides results to determine correlation between dominant agricultural practices (irrigation and rain fed farming) and location of sampling points. Out of 50 pesticides, 20 were identified and 18 presented concentrations higher than the limits of quantification in surface waters, with a large dispersion in concentrations: from 0.05ng/L (terbuthylazine-2 hydroxy) to 222.45ng/L (imazalil). Statistical analyses reveals that there is a correlation between the percentage of land devoted to irrigation farming, whereas correlations are weaker when analysing the relationship of pesticides in rain fed dominated areas.
Juan Antonio Pascual Aguilar; Vicente Andreu; Julian Campo; Yolanda Pico; Ana Masiá. Pesticide occurrence in the waters of Júcar River, Spain from different farming landscapes. Science of The Total Environment 2017, 607-608, 752 -760.
AMA StyleJuan Antonio Pascual Aguilar, Vicente Andreu, Julian Campo, Yolanda Pico, Ana Masiá. Pesticide occurrence in the waters of Júcar River, Spain from different farming landscapes. Science of The Total Environment. 2017; 607-608 ():752-760.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Antonio Pascual Aguilar; Vicente Andreu; Julian Campo; Yolanda Pico; Ana Masiá. 2017. "Pesticide occurrence in the waters of Júcar River, Spain from different farming landscapes." Science of The Total Environment 607-608, no. : 752-760.
The presence, sources and partitioning of 21 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs: C4–C14, C16, C18 carboxylate, C4, C6–C10 sulfonates and C8 sulfonamide) were assessed in water, sediment, and biota of the Jucar River basin (E Spain). Considering the three matrices, perfluoropentanoate (PFPeA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were the most frequent compounds, being remarkable the high occurrence of short-chain PFASs (C≤8), which are intended to replace the long-chain ones in several industrial and commercial applications. In general, all samples were contaminated with at least one PFAS, with the exception of three fish samples. Mean concentrations detected in sediments (0.22–11.5 ng g−1) and biota (0.63–274 µg kg−1) samples were higher than those measured in water (0.04–83.1 ng L−1), which might suggest (bio) accumulation. The occurrence of PFAS is related to urban and industrial discharges (Cuenca city in the upper part of basin, and car's factory, and effluents of the sewage treatment plant (STP) of Alzira, in the lower part). Increasing pollution gradients were found. On the other hand, higher contamination levels were observed after regulation dams of the catchment pointing out their importance in the re-distribution of these contaminants. None of the hazard quotients (HQ) calculated indicate potential risk for the different tropic levels considered (algae, Daphnia sp. and fish). PFAS concentrations found in this study can be considered in acceptable levels if compared to existing Regulatory Legislation and, consequently, they do not pose an immediate human health risk.
Julian Campo; María Lorenzo; Francisca Pérez; Yolanda Pico; Marinella Farre; Damià Barceló. Analysis of the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in water, sediment and biota of the Jucar River (E Spain). Sources, partitioning and relationships with water physical characteristics. Environmental Research 2016, 147, 503 -512.
AMA StyleJulian Campo, María Lorenzo, Francisca Pérez, Yolanda Pico, Marinella Farre, Damià Barceló. Analysis of the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in water, sediment and biota of the Jucar River (E Spain). Sources, partitioning and relationships with water physical characteristics. Environmental Research. 2016; 147 ():503-512.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulian Campo; María Lorenzo; Francisca Pérez; Yolanda Pico; Marinella Farre; Damià Barceló. 2016. "Analysis of the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in water, sediment and biota of the Jucar River (E Spain). Sources, partitioning and relationships with water physical characteristics." Environmental Research 147, no. : 503-512.
Few methods are available for comprehensive organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) detection in water and wastewater. Gas chromatography has been employed previously, but this approach is less selective, not amenable for use with deuterated standards and can suffer unfavorable fragmentation. Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) has become the most promising platform, already applied successfully for analysis of selected PFRs in some environmental matrices like water and wastewater. However, the presence of some interferences from the dissolvent, the equipment and the used materials should be taken into account. The procedure involves:
María Lorenzo; Julián Campo; Yolanda Picó. Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of 9 organophosphate flame retardants in water samples. MethodsX 2016, 3, 343 -349.
AMA StyleMaría Lorenzo, Julián Campo, Yolanda Picó. Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of 9 organophosphate flame retardants in water samples. MethodsX. 2016; 3 ():343-349.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Lorenzo; Julián Campo; Yolanda Picó. 2016. "Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of 9 organophosphate flame retardants in water samples." MethodsX 3, no. : 343-349.
Mediterranean rivers are characteristically irregular with changes in flow and located in high population density areas. This affects the concentration of pollutants in the aquatic environments. In this study, the occurrence and sources of 21 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were determined in water, sediment and biota of the Ebro and Guadalquivir river basins (Spain). In water samples, of 21 analytes screened, 11 were found in Ebro and 9 in Guadalquivir. In both basins, the most frequents were PFBA, PFPeA and PFOA. Maximum concentration was detected for PFBA, up to 251.3ngL-1 in Ebro and 742.9ngL-1 in Guadalquivir. Regarding the sediments, 8 PFASs were detected in the samples from Ebro and 9 in those from Guadalquivir. The PFASs most frequently detected were PFBA, PFPeA, PFOA and PFOS. Maximum concentration in Ebro samples was, in dry weight, for PFOA (32.3ngg-1) and in Guadalquivir samples for PFBA (63.8ngg-1). For biota, 12 PFASs were detected in fish from the Ebro River and only one (PFOS) in that from Guadalquivir. In the Ebro basin, the most frequents were PFBA, PFHxA, PFOA, PFBS, PFOS and PFOSA. Maximum concentration in Ebro samples was, in wet weight, for PFHxA with 1280.2ngg-1, and in Guadalquivir samples for PFOS with 79.8ngg-1. These compounds were detected in the whole course of the rivers including the upper parts. In some points contamination was due to point sources mostly related to human activities (e.g. ski resorts, military camps, urban areas.). However, there are also some areas clearly affected by diffuse sources as atmospheric depositionThis work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the projects “Assessing and Predicting Effects on Water Quantity and Quality in Iberian Rivers Caused by Global Change (SCARCE)” (No. CSD2009-00065, http://www. scarceconsolider.es) and “Evaluation of Emerging Contaminants in the Turia River Basins: From Basic Research to the Application of Environmental Forensics (EMERFOR)” (GCL2011-29703-C02-02, http://www. mefturia.es
María Lorenzo; Julian Campo; Marinella Farre; Francisca Pérez; Yolanda Pico; Damià Barceló. Perfluoroalkyl substances in the Ebro and Guadalquivir river basins (Spain). Science of The Total Environment 2016, 540, 191 -199.
AMA StyleMaría Lorenzo, Julian Campo, Marinella Farre, Francisca Pérez, Yolanda Pico, Damià Barceló. Perfluoroalkyl substances in the Ebro and Guadalquivir river basins (Spain). Science of The Total Environment. 2016; 540 ():191-199.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Lorenzo; Julian Campo; Marinella Farre; Francisca Pérez; Yolanda Pico; Damià Barceló. 2016. "Perfluoroalkyl substances in the Ebro and Guadalquivir river basins (Spain)." Science of The Total Environment 540, no. : 191-199.
In this study, four extraction methods of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in soils and sediments were validated and compared in order to select the one that provides the best recoveries and the highest sensitivity. The determination of PFASs was carried out by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The extraction methods compared were based on (i) an aqueous solution of acetic acid and methanol (recoveries 44–125 %, relative standard deviation (RSD) <25 %), (ii) methanol (34–109 %, <25 %), (iii) sodium hydroxide digestion (24–178 %, <49 %), and (iv) ion pair (35–179 %, <31 %). The best results were obtained with methanol extraction, which recovered a greater number of PFASs and provided values between 45–103 % in sediment and 34–109 % in soil with RSDs <25 % and limits of quantification (LOQs) between 0.02–0.31 and 0.01–6.00 ng g−1, respectively. The selected method was successfully applied to Segura River sediments and soil samples taken near the Turia River. This study demonstrates the presence of PFASs in the studied rivers of the Valencian Community (0.07–14.91 ng g−1 in Segura River sediments; 0.02–64.04 ng g−1 in Turia River soils). Graphical Abstract Selected matrices and extraction methods for determination of perfluoroalkyl substances Selected matrices and extraction methods for determination of perfluoroalkyl substances
María Lorenzo; Julian Campo; Yolanda Pico. Optimization and comparison of several extraction methods for determining perfluoroalkyl substances in abiotic environmental solid matrices using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 2015, 407, 5767 -5781.
AMA StyleMaría Lorenzo, Julian Campo, Yolanda Pico. Optimization and comparison of several extraction methods for determining perfluoroalkyl substances in abiotic environmental solid matrices using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 2015; 407 (19):5767-5781.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Lorenzo; Julian Campo; Yolanda Pico. 2015. "Optimization and comparison of several extraction methods for determining perfluoroalkyl substances in abiotic environmental solid matrices using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 407, no. 19: 5767-5781.
Julian Campo; Yolanda Pico. Emerging Contaminants. Advances in the Use of Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) - Instrumentation Developments and Applications 2015, 515 -578.
AMA StyleJulian Campo, Yolanda Pico. Emerging Contaminants. Advances in the Use of Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) - Instrumentation Developments and Applications. 2015; ():515-578.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulian Campo; Yolanda Pico. 2015. "Emerging Contaminants." Advances in the Use of Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) - Instrumentation Developments and Applications , no. : 515-578.
The occurrence and sources of 21 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs: C4-C14, C16, C18 carboxylate, C4, C6-C8 and C10 sulfonates and C8 sulfonamide) were determined in water, sediment, and biota of the Llobregat River basin (NE Spain). Analytes were extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE) and determined by liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (LC-QqQ-MS). All samples were contaminated with at least one PFAS, being the most frequently found perfluorobutanoate (PFBA), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (L-PFOS). In general, mean PFAS concentrations measured in sediments (0.01-3.67 ng g(-1)) and biota (0.79-431 μg kg(-1)) samples were higher than those found in water (0.01-233 ng L(-1)). L-PFOS presented very high levels in biota and water, particularly in the Anoia River where a maximum concentration of 2.71 μg L(-1) was related to important industrial activities. However, this pollution does not extend down the Llobregat River according to cumulated values. None of the hazard quotients (HQ) calculated indicate potential risk for the different tropic levels considered (algae, Daphnia sp. and fish). According to Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC) proposed by the European Commission (L-PFOS) and to Provisional Health Advisory (PHA) values (PFOA, L-PFOS) established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), only two water samples exceeded PHA concentration for L-PFOS.
Julian Campo; Francisca Pérez; Ana Masiá; Yolanda Picó; Marinella Farre; Damià Barceló. Perfluoroalkyl substance contamination of the Llobregat River ecosystem (Mediterranean area, NE Spain). Science of The Total Environment 2015, 503-504, 48 -57.
AMA StyleJulian Campo, Francisca Pérez, Ana Masiá, Yolanda Picó, Marinella Farre, Damià Barceló. Perfluoroalkyl substance contamination of the Llobregat River ecosystem (Mediterranean area, NE Spain). Science of The Total Environment. 2015; 503-504 ():48-57.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulian Campo; Francisca Pérez; Ana Masiá; Yolanda Picó; Marinella Farre; Damià Barceló. 2015. "Perfluoroalkyl substance contamination of the Llobregat River ecosystem (Mediterranean area, NE Spain)." Science of The Total Environment 503-504, no. : 48-57.
Through an extensive sampling in the Llobregat River basin, the presence of 50 currently used pesticides in water, sediment, and biota was assessed. Pesticides were detected primarily in water (up to 56% of the analytes), whereas their presence in sediments was more intermittent, and in biota was scarce. Those at high concentrations in water were the benzimidazoles (carbendazim in 22% of the samples up to 697ngL-1), the organophosphorus (malathion in 54% of the samples up to 320ngL-1), and the ureas (diuron in 54% of the samples up to 159ngL-1). However, this pattern differed in sediments and biota, which were contaminated primarily with organophosphorus (higher Kow) (chlorpyrifos 93% of sediments up to 131ng g-1). According to the results of this study, pesticide residues in the Llobregat River basin do not seem to represent a high risk to biota, even though some algae and fish can be affected. Nevertheless, the monitoring program can be very useful to control the contamination of the river basin, as the availability of historical data on the basin confirmed background contamination in the last 20yearsThis work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the projects Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2009-00065, and CGL2011-29703-C02-0
Ana Masiá; Julian Campo; Alícia Navarro-Ortega; Damià Barceló; Yolanda Pico. Pesticide monitoring in the basin of Llobregat River (Catalonia, Spain) and comparison with historical data. Science of The Total Environment 2015, 503-504, 58 -68.
AMA StyleAna Masiá, Julian Campo, Alícia Navarro-Ortega, Damià Barceló, Yolanda Pico. Pesticide monitoring in the basin of Llobregat River (Catalonia, Spain) and comparison with historical data. Science of The Total Environment. 2015; 503-504 ():58-68.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Masiá; Julian Campo; Alícia Navarro-Ortega; Damià Barceló; Yolanda Pico. 2015. "Pesticide monitoring in the basin of Llobregat River (Catalonia, Spain) and comparison with historical data." Science of The Total Environment 503-504, no. : 58-68.
Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction methods were optimized for the simultaneous determination of 50 pesticides in sediment, soils and sewage sludge. For QuEChERS development, several buffers and dispersive solid-phase extraction clean-up (dSPE) sorbents were tested. In the PLE method, several parameters affecting the extraction efficiency, such as organic solvent, amount of sample, cell size, temperature, pressure, static time, number of cycles and % of flush, as well as sorbent used for the on-line clean up, were also evaluated. PLE and QuEChERS were assessed and compared in obtained recoveries (33-89% versus 25-120%), number of pesticides for which recoveries are in the range of 80-100% (up to 13 versus up to 35) and cost of the approach. QuEChERS procedure was faster, cheaper and easier to perform. Recoveries were around 80% (at 50ngg(-1) d.w.) and the matrix effect was less than -20% using matrix-matched standard calibration curve for most of the analytes. The limits of quantification were between 0.1 and 10ngg(-1) (d.w.) except for alachlor and acetochlor. Repeatability and reproducibility were lower than 28% (%RSD, n=5). Soil, sediment and sludge samples, taken from the Túria River Basin, were analyzed by QuEChERS to determine pesticides. Chlorpyrifos (up to 65.3ngg(-1) d.w.) was the most frequent and at higher concentrations. Thiabendazole, imazalil, diazinon, pyriproxyfen, hexythiazox, carbofuran, isoproturon, terbuthylazine and terbumeton were also found in some samples.
Ana Masiá; Karina Vásquez; Julian Campo; Yolanda Pico. Assessment of two extraction methods to determine pesticides in soils, sediments and sludges. Application to the Túria River Basin. Journal of Chromatography A 2015, 1378, 19 -31.
AMA StyleAna Masiá, Karina Vásquez, Julian Campo, Yolanda Pico. Assessment of two extraction methods to determine pesticides in soils, sediments and sludges. Application to the Túria River Basin. Journal of Chromatography A. 2015; 1378 ():19-31.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Masiá; Karina Vásquez; Julian Campo; Yolanda Pico. 2015. "Assessment of two extraction methods to determine pesticides in soils, sediments and sludges. Application to the Túria River Basin." Journal of Chromatography A 1378, no. : 19-31.