The design and implementation of effective transport policies to reduce car use in urban areas requires a deep comprehension of the factors that influence travel behavior. In this context, psychological factors play an important role in explaining travel-related decisions. The purpose of this paper is to present a study on the effects of cognitive, affective and behavioral attitudes towards the use of walking and cycling on both intentions and real use of cars, public transport, bicycles, and walking. The data used was obtained from an on-line survey carried out in 2017. Analyses included reliability and validity of the questionnaire, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and structural equation models. Results indicate that cycling and walking are evaluated differently in terms of feelings of freedom, pleasure, and relaxation. Positive evaluation of elements related to past walking behavior are negatively associated to both the intention to walk and actual walking. Transport policies to encourage cycling should be different from those with the aim of promoting walking. Positive attitudes towards walking are not enough to increase real walking.

Personal values are psychological factors scarcely presented in travel behavior studies, despite their importance in determining life choices, decisions and actions. This paper contributes to filling this gap. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of personal values on attitudes, intentions and current cycling and walking. Data regarding personal values, attitudes, intentions and current use of cycling and walking were collected through a web-based survey. Pearson correlations, independent sample non-parametric tests and hierarchical regressions have been used to analyze the information. Reasonably weak but statistically significant direct and indirect effects have been identified between personal values and attitudes towards cycling and walking, intentions and current walking and cycling. Openness to change and self-transcendence values are associated to cycling and walking. Actions to encourage those personal values are needed to improve sustainable transport and mobility.

Influence of shared and innovative mobility on psychological wellbeing