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Patience Shumba
Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, University of Greifswald, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany.

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Review
Published: 11 June 2019 in Toxins
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Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) are critical clinical conditions characterized by extensive necrosis of any layer of the soft tissue and systemic toxicity. Group A streptococci (GAS) and Staphylococcus aureus are two major pathogens associated with monomicrobial NSTIs. In the tissue environment, both Gram-positive bacteria secrete a variety of molecules, including pore-forming exotoxins, superantigens, and proteases with cytolytic and immunomodulatory functions. The present review summarizes the current knowledge about streptococcal and staphylococcal toxins in NSTIs with a special focus on their contribution to disease progression, tissue pathology, and immune evasion strategies.

ACS Style

Patience Shumba; Srikanth Mairpady Shambat; Nikolai Siemens. The Role of Streptococcal and Staphylococcal Exotoxins and Proteases in Human Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections. Toxins 2019, 11, 332 .

AMA Style

Patience Shumba, Srikanth Mairpady Shambat, Nikolai Siemens. The Role of Streptococcal and Staphylococcal Exotoxins and Proteases in Human Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections. Toxins. 2019; 11 (6):332.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patience Shumba; Srikanth Mairpady Shambat; Nikolai Siemens. 2019. "The Role of Streptococcal and Staphylococcal Exotoxins and Proteases in Human Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections." Toxins 11, no. 6: 332.