The rational approach motivated the design of novel antimicrobial silver and silver–copper bimetallic nanoparticles contained within zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 supported on graphene oxide (GO), [email protected]@GO, and [email protected]@GO. In the resultant composites, ZIF-8 was able to prevent the stacking of GO sheets and also acted as a carrier for the nanoparticles within its cavities. GO, on the other hand, acted as an anchoring support enabling uniform dispersion of the nanocomposites, thus eliminating their aggregation. The morphological and physicochemical properties of the composites were determined through a variety of characterization techniques, for example, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, p-X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen sorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The energy-dispersive system and XPS supplied evidence of the presence of all expected components in the composites. The XRD provided proof of a crystalline, distorted ZIF-8 structure. [email protected]@GO and Ag–[email protected]@GO composites were effective against both Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria as determined by the disc diffusion method. The role of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the antibacterial activity of both [email protected]@GO and [email protected]@GO was highlighted as crucial in the probable pathway in the antimicrobial activity of the composites.

EG–TiO₂photoanode was applied for the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole. Significant COD abatement was obtained and degradation route was proposed.