Currently, diabetes mellitus (DM) and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) are among the top five global risks for mortality. Among the modifiable factors, careful dietary practice is one of the essential elements for the control of NCDs, since these diseases are often the result of unhealthy lifestyles. Thus, this study aimed to assess the frequency of dietary practices among adult males and females with DM and/or SAH, and compare whether or not they are more frequent than in healthy adults, through a population-based study conducted in the city of Florianópolis, southern Brazil. Cross-sectional population-based study, using as exposure self-reported DM and/or SAH status. Dietary practices were assessed using a semiquantitative food consumption questionnaire. The following were considered as adequate: regular intake (≥ 6 times/week) of fruit and vegetables, daily intake of fruit (≥ 3 times/day) and vegetables (≥ 2 times/day), intake lower than 2 times/week of meat fat, fried foods, and soda. Bivariate and adjusted analysis for sociodemographic variables were conducted using Poisson regression, stratified by gender. Location: Florianópolis, southern Brazil, 2009. Subjects: Representative sample of 20 to 59 year-old adults (n=1720). A total of 16.6% participants were diagnosed with DM and/or SAH. The most frequently consumed unhealthy foods were fried food (51.0%, 95% CI: 48.8–53.5) and soda (57.9% 95%CI: 55.5–60.2). Of healthy foods, fruit was the less consumed on a daily basis (11.1% 95%CI 9.6-12.5). In general, women showed better dietary practices than men. In adjusted analysis none of dietary practices was more frequent among diabetic and/or hypertensive adults compared with healthy individuals, regardless of gender. No differences were found between healthy and unhealthy adults, when the number of dietary practices was assessed. The frequency of dietary practices was low and did not differ between individuals with or without DM and/or SAH. It is fundamental to reinforce the need of healthy dietary practices as one of the essential elements for the control of chronic diseases and their complications.

Objective: to evaluate if the prevalence of healthy food consumption indicators among elderly persons with the self-reported diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and/or systemic arterial hypertension (DM and/or SAH) improved after diagnosis of these diseases, and to compare if the prevalence of such indicators was more frequent among elderly persons with DM and/or SAH than in elderly persons without these diseases. Method: a longitudinal study of 1,197 elderly persons aged 60-104 years, living in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, was performed, considering as an outcome the self-reported diagnosis of diabetes and/or hypertension. Healthy consumption indicators (exposures) were considered the maintenance and/or acquisition of the intake of fruit and vegetables ≥3 and ≥2 times/day, respectively, the consumption of fatty meat <2 times/week, and fried foods <2 times/week. Data was analyzed in terms of absolute and relative frequencies, and Poisson Regression was used to obtain the crude and adjusted prevalence of food consumption indicators. Values of p≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: when comparing the prevalences of the indicators of healthy food consumption among elderly persons with DM and/or SAH with those without these diseases, it was observed that only the consumption of fried foods changed positively between the periods 2009-2010 and 2013-2014. This result was statistically significant only for women, with maintaining/acquiring the infrequent consumption of fried foods (<2 times/week) 8.2% higher among elderly women with DM and/or SAH, p=0.043. Conclusion: The prevalence of healthy food consumption indicators was low and there was almost no difference between older adults with and without DM and/or SAH.

Revisão sistemática e metanálise de estudos que avaliaram a efetividade da suplementação de sulfato ferroso na prevenção da anemia em crianças menores de cinco anos de idade. Foram pesquisadas as bases PubMed, Scopus, SciELO e LILACS e incluídos artigos publicados entre 1980-2011 em espanhol, inglês ou português, utilizando os unitermos: criança, pré-escolar, lactente, anemia, prevenção, suplementação e ferro. Foram selecionados 13 estudos, que mostraram que independentemente da dose e do tempo de suplementação, o esquema diário foi mais consistente na melhoria dos níveis de hemoglobina (efeito combinado 0,56mg/dL, IC95%: 0,31; 0,81, p < 0,001) do que o semanal (efeito combinado 0,28mg/dL, IC95%: -0,22; 0,78, p = 0,273). Não houve efeito da suplementação na redução da prevalência de anemia, mesmo com doses diárias, e a administração conjunta com outros micronutrientes não trouxe benefícios adicionais em comparação com a administração exclusiva do suplemento. A suplementação diária de sulfato ferroso mostrou-se mais efetiva do que doses semanais na melhoria dos níveis de hemoglobina.

Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi estimar a ingestão dietética de micronutrientes por adultos em um município do Sul do Brasil segundo sexo e idade, assim como identificar a prevalência de ingestão inadequada de micronutrientes segundo sexo. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base populacional, com 1.222 adultos de 22 a 63 anos, residentes em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Os dados sobre a ingestão alimentar foram obtidos pela aplicação de dois recordatórios de 24 horas (um no total da amostra e outro em subamostra de 40% dos entrevistados), sendo a ingestão de micronutrientes e as prevalências de inadequação na ingestão estimadas conforme recomendações do National Research Council e do Institute of Medicine. Prevalências elevadas de inadequação para toda a amostra foram vistas para as vitaminas A, C, D e E (variação de 52%-100%). A ingestão de cálcio e ferro foi a mais inadequada entre as mulheres (87,3% e 13,7%, respectivamente), e a de zinco entre os homens (25,1%). Adultos de Florianópolis apresentaram prevalências elevadas de inadequação na ingestão de micronutrientes essenciais.

Objective: to identify inadequacies in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia among children enrolled in the National Program of Iron Supplementation (PNSF) and treated at public primary health centers in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Method: a cross-sectional study was performed using secondary data obtained from the InfoSaúde system. Information was obtained on the ferrous sulfate dose prescribed for treating iron deficiency anemia, as well as demographic and anthropometric data of all children enrolled in the program in 2010. STATA 11.0 software was used in the analysis and p-values ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results: sixty-eight (68) of the 834 children enrolled in the program in 2010 were diagnosed as anemic; 58 of whom received an indication to use ferrous sulfate. Conclusion: children under six months of age (65.1%), living in economically deprived areas (66.7%) and with a height/age Z-score ≥ -1.0 (52.1%) were more prone to receive inadequate supplement dosage (<3 mg/kg/day). The results are relevant to educate health professionals about their role in effectively treating iron deficiency anemia.