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Alicja Buczek
Chair and Department of Biology and Parasitology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11 St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland

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Communication
Published: 24 May 2021 in Insects
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Insects of the genus Lipoptena are parasitic arthropods with a broad host range. Due to the type of parasitism (hematophagy), their potential role as vectors of pathogens, i.e., Bartonella sp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Rickettsia spp., and Borrelia burgdorferi is considered. As the range of their occurrence has been changing dynamically in recent years and infestations of humans have increasingly been reported, these organisms are now the subject of numerous studies. Our research aimed to present the molecular characteristics of Bartonella sp. detected in Lipoptena fortisetosa parasitizing wild cervids in south-eastern Poland. Adults of Lipoptena spp. were collected from carcasses of roe deer and red deer between spring and autumn in 2013. The PCR method was used to detect Bartonella sp. in the insects. We report two new haplotypes of the rpoB gene of Bartonella sp. isolated from L. fortisetosa feeding on wild cervids in south-eastern Poland and the presence of this invasive ectoparasitic species in the studied area since 2013. Phylogenetic analyses of newly obtained Bartonella sp. haplotypes confirmed their unique position on the constructed tree and network topology. The rpoB gene sequences found belonging to lineage B support the view that this phylogenetic lineage represents a novel Bartonella species.

ACS Style

Katarzyna Bartosik; Weronika Maślanko; Alicja Buczek; Marek Asman; Joanna Witecka; Ewelina Szwaj; Paweł Błaszkiewicz; Magdalena Świsłocka. Two New Haplotypes of Bartonella sp. Isolated from Lipoptena fortisetosa (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) in SE Poland. Insects 2021, 12, 485 .

AMA Style

Katarzyna Bartosik, Weronika Maślanko, Alicja Buczek, Marek Asman, Joanna Witecka, Ewelina Szwaj, Paweł Błaszkiewicz, Magdalena Świsłocka. Two New Haplotypes of Bartonella sp. Isolated from Lipoptena fortisetosa (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) in SE Poland. Insects. 2021; 12 (6):485.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katarzyna Bartosik; Weronika Maślanko; Alicja Buczek; Marek Asman; Joanna Witecka; Ewelina Szwaj; Paweł Błaszkiewicz; Magdalena Świsłocka. 2021. "Two New Haplotypes of Bartonella sp. Isolated from Lipoptena fortisetosa (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) in SE Poland." Insects 12, no. 6: 485.

Journal article
Published: 16 February 2021 in Journal of Clinical Medicine
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Due to their mass occurrence in some environments and high aggressiveness, blackflies (Simulium spp.) represent the most bothersome arthropods attacking humans. In this study, we describe the medical effects of blackfly infestations in humans in southeastern Poland. Local and systemic reactions to blackfly bites were monitored in 418 patients (61.24% of females and 38.76% of males) of medical centers. Only skin lesions at the site of the bites were found in 88.52% of the patients, whereas accompanying systemic reactions were diagnosed in 11.48%. The most common signs observed in the area of the bites were pruritus (94.74%), burning (55.02%), edema (44.02%), and erythema (40.91%). The skin lesions, which were most often grouped small papules and papular and purpuric lesions with a varied range, typically persisted for several days, or for several weeks in some patients. Statistical analyses confirmed that the persistence of the skin lesions did not depend on the sex of the patients and the number of blackfly infestations. The systemic reactions to the components of the blackfly saliva were manifested by headache, increased body temperature, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, and menstrual disorders in the females. The patients were most often attacked simultaneously by many blackflies on exposed parts of the body, mainly the upper limb, lower limb, head, and neck areas. The investigations indicate that blackflies are an important etiological factor of dermatitis and other symptoms in humans; hence, they should be considered in clinical diagnosis.

ACS Style

Monika Sitarz; Alicja Buczek; Weronika Buczek. Skin Lesions and Systemic Reactions in Humans Infested by Blackflies (Diptera: Simullidae) in Recreational Areas in Southeastern Poland. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2021, 10, 788 .

AMA Style

Monika Sitarz, Alicja Buczek, Weronika Buczek. Skin Lesions and Systemic Reactions in Humans Infested by Blackflies (Diptera: Simullidae) in Recreational Areas in Southeastern Poland. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10 (4):788.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monika Sitarz; Alicja Buczek; Weronika Buczek. 2021. "Skin Lesions and Systemic Reactions in Humans Infested by Blackflies (Diptera: Simullidae) in Recreational Areas in Southeastern Poland." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 4: 788.

Review
Published: 22 December 2020 in Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
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Rickettsiae from the spotted fever group, i.e. the etiological agents of tick-borne lymphadenopathy/Dermacentor-borne necrotic erythema and lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA /DEBONEL) syndrome, are associated with ticks, including Dermacentor marginatus and Dermacentor reticulatus. The expansion of these ticks into new areas increases the risk of infection of their hosts with tick-borne pathogens. The study summarises the importance of 2 species from the genus Dermacentor, i.e. D. marginatus and D. reticulatus, in the spread of spotted fever group rickettsiae in various regions of Europe. The study also focuses on the determinants of the presence of vectors and transmission of rickettsiae, as well as the effects of human infections with these pathogens. The climate changes observed nowadays affect vectors and increase the incidence and spread of tick-borne diseases worldwide. Due to the existing risk of exposure to an increasing number of people, knowledge about the course of these serious diseases and their etiological factors should be disseminated among healthcare professionals as well as in society. There is a great challenge for epidemiological services to provide access to medical and veterinary facilities in order to diagnose and treat rickettsioses. Therefore, the development of a strategy for tick control and the popularisation of knowledge concerning prophylaxis of tick-borne diseases is indispensable.

ACS Style

Weronika Buczek; Agnieszka Koman-Iżko; Alicja M Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Dorota Kulina; Dariusz Ciura. Spotted fever group rickettsiae transmitted by Dermacentor ticks and determinants of their spread in Europe. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2020, 27, 505 -511.

AMA Style

Weronika Buczek, Agnieszka Koman-Iżko, Alicja M Buczek, Katarzyna Bartosik, Dorota Kulina, Dariusz Ciura. Spotted fever group rickettsiae transmitted by Dermacentor ticks and determinants of their spread in Europe. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2020; 27 (4):505-511.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weronika Buczek; Agnieszka Koman-Iżko; Alicja M Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Dorota Kulina; Dariusz Ciura. 2020. "Spotted fever group rickettsiae transmitted by Dermacentor ticks and determinants of their spread in Europe." Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 27, no. 4: 505-511.

Commentary
Published: 22 December 2020 in Animals
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Increased human mobility elevates the risk of exposure of companion animals travelling with their owners or imported from other regions to tick attacks. In this study, we highlight the potential role of dogs and cats taken for tourist trips or imported animals in the spread of ticks and tick-borne pathogens. The Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick, which is a vector of numerous pathogens causing diseases in animals and humans, is imported most frequently from endemic areas to many European countries. Additionally, alien tick species with high epizootic and epidemiological importance can be imported on dogs from other continents. Companion animals play an even greater role in the spread of autochthonous tick species and transmission of tick pathogens to other animals and humans. Although the veterinary and medical effects of the parasitism of ticks carried by companion animals travelling with owners or imported animals are poorly assessed, these animals seem to play a role in the rapid spread of tick-borne diseases. Development of strategies for protection of the health of companion animals in different geographic regions should take into account the potential emergence of unknown animal tick-borne diseases that can be transmitted by imported ticks.

ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Weronika Buczek. Importation of Ticks on Companion Animals and the Risk of Spread of Tick-Borne Diseases to Non-Endemic Regions in Europe. Animals 2020, 11, 6 .

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Weronika Buczek. Importation of Ticks on Companion Animals and the Risk of Spread of Tick-Borne Diseases to Non-Endemic Regions in Europe. Animals. 2020; 11 (1):6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Weronika Buczek. 2020. "Importation of Ticks on Companion Animals and the Risk of Spread of Tick-Borne Diseases to Non-Endemic Regions in Europe." Animals 11, no. 1: 6.

Journal article
Published: 03 December 2020 in Insects
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Given the high medical importance of ticks, we analyzed the most common preventive behaviors and practices adopted by medical students from Poland, Germany, and Thailand, and the level of their knowledge of ticks and tick-borne diseases. A survey consisting of 19 questions was conducted among 636 randomly selected students. The study showed that the Polish and German students preferred inspection of the body on their return home (86.9% and 63.5%, respectively) and wearing protective clothes (79.8% and 32.3%, respectively) as part of prophylaxis. The Thai students most often chose wearing protective clothes (54.7%) and preventive behavior in tick habitats (42.7%). Approximately 7% of the Polish medical students and as many as 22% of the German and Thai respondents did not use any means of prevention. Our analyses suggest that the use of preventive methods and respondents’ behaviors depend on socio-demographic factors and the level of health education. The insufficient practical implementation of tick prevention measures by the medical students suggests a need for verification of health education programs in schools as well as effective popularization and educational activities. It is also necessary to develop a public health protection strategy against the effects of tick bites.

ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Johanna Pilch; Weronika Buczek. Tick Preventive Behaviors and Practices Adopted by Medical Students from Poland, Germany, and Thailand in Relation to Socio-Demographic Conditions and Their Knowledge of Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases. Insects 2020, 11, 863 .

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Johanna Pilch, Weronika Buczek. Tick Preventive Behaviors and Practices Adopted by Medical Students from Poland, Germany, and Thailand in Relation to Socio-Demographic Conditions and Their Knowledge of Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases. Insects. 2020; 11 (12):863.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Johanna Pilch; Weronika Buczek. 2020. "Tick Preventive Behaviors and Practices Adopted by Medical Students from Poland, Germany, and Thailand in Relation to Socio-Demographic Conditions and Their Knowledge of Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases." Insects 11, no. 12: 863.

Case report
Published: 10 May 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Background: The territorial expansion and increased population size of haematophagous arthropods (i.e., the castor bean tick Ixodes ricinus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and the deer ked Lipoptena cervi (Diptera: Hippoboscidae)) has enhanced the risk of human infestations in Europe. The aim of our study was to present skin lesions induced by tick and deer ked bites in patients from recreational forest regions in southeastern Poland and pay attention to features of skin changes that may be useful in differential diagnosis. Methods: We compare the skin lesions after I. ricinus and L. cervi bite and draw attention to the biological and ecological traits of both ectoparasites, which may be diagnostically relevant for determination of the cause of skin symptoms reported by patients. Results: I. ricinus bites lead to development of erythematous-infiltrative poorly demarcated lesions with a centrally located bite mark, which usually disappears within one to several days. In turn, L. cervi bites leave irregularly shaped scattered erythematous papules. The papules may persist for up to one year and are accompanied by itching. Conclusions: Correct assessment of the clinical picture and its association with an arthropod bite (e.g., tick or deer ked) is highly important for further diagnostic procedures (i.e., differentiation of skin lesions developing in tick-borne diseases and, consequently, correct choice of pharmacological therapy). I. ricinus and L. cervi differ in their developmental cycles and rhythms of activity, which indicates that both species should be considered potential causative agents in the differential diagnosis of skin lesions when the patient has been bitten by an arthropod in autumn and winter months.

ACS Style

Weronika Buczek; Alicja M. Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Alicja Buczek; Alicja Buczek. Comparison of Skin Lesions Caused by Ixodes ricinus Ticks and Lipoptena cervi Deer Keds Infesting Humans in the Natural Environment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3316 .

AMA Style

Weronika Buczek, Alicja M. Buczek, Katarzyna Bartosik, Alicja Buczek, Alicja Buczek. Comparison of Skin Lesions Caused by Ixodes ricinus Ticks and Lipoptena cervi Deer Keds Infesting Humans in the Natural Environment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (9):3316.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weronika Buczek; Alicja M. Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Alicja Buczek; Alicja Buczek. 2020. "Comparison of Skin Lesions Caused by Ixodes ricinus Ticks and Lipoptena cervi Deer Keds Infesting Humans in the Natural Environment." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9: 3316.

Journal article
Published: 19 December 2019 in Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
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This study presents for the first time a case of Hyalomma excavatum hyperparasitism and an analysis of this phenomenon in terms of its potential role in the biology of ticks and epidemiology of tick-borne diseases. Two partially engorged H. excavatum females, one fully engorged female, and 5 males were collected from a naïve rabbit and placed together in a rearing chamber at a temperature of 25°C and 75% humidity. 3-4 days after tick detachment from the host's skin, one partially engorged H. excavatum female was observed attached to the idiosoma of the fully engorged conspecific female. This study and observations of other authors confirm that partially engorged ixodid ticks can re-infest the host, and even co-feeding fully engorged ticks in order to collect the blood meal that is indispensable for important physiological processes. However, inefficient feeding of a partially engorged female on another conspecific female may reduce its reproductive performance and disturb the development of eggs and larvae. It seems that parasitism of a tick on another conspecific specimen, when at least one of them is infected by a microorganism, may be a yet poorly explored route of transmission of pathogens or symbionts between the ticks. Initiation of feeding by a hungry or partially engorged tick on a fully engorged specimen is an attempt to obtain food in the drastic conditions of the absence of a target host. Tick hyperparasitism with concurrent pathogen transmission can contribute to the genospecific diversity of pathogens in vectors and hosts.

ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Alicja Magdalena Buczek; Weronika Buczek; Michał Stanko. Conspecific hyperparasitism in the Hyalomma excavatum tick and considerations on the biological and epidemiological implications of this phenomenon. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2019, 26, 548 -554.

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Katarzyna Bartosik, Alicja Magdalena Buczek, Weronika Buczek, Michał Stanko. Conspecific hyperparasitism in the Hyalomma excavatum tick and considerations on the biological and epidemiological implications of this phenomenon. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2019; 26 (4):548-554.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Alicja Magdalena Buczek; Weronika Buczek; Michał Stanko. 2019. "Conspecific hyperparasitism in the Hyalomma excavatum tick and considerations on the biological and epidemiological implications of this phenomenon." Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 26, no. 4: 548-554.

Journal article
Published: 26 July 2019 in Toxins
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The increasing application of toxic plant substances to deter and fight ticks proves the need for investigations focused on the elucidation of their impact on the developmental stages and populations of these arthropods. We examined the course of embryogenesis and egg hatch in Hyalomma marginatum ticks under the effect of cytotoxic plant substances. The investigations demonstrated that the length of embryonic development of egg batches treated with 20 μL of a 0.1875% colchicine solution did not differ significantly from that in the control group. Colchicine caused the high mortality of eggs (16.3%) and embryos (9.7%), disturbances in larval hatch (8.1%), and lower numbers of normal larval hatches (65.6%). In 0.2% of the larvae, colchicine induced anomalies in the idiosoma (67.6%) and gnathosoma (22.5%) as well as composite anomalies (8.5%). The study demonstrates that cytotoxic compounds with an effect similar to that of colchicine can reduce tick populations and cause teratological changes, which were observed in the specimens found during field studies. Since there are no data on the toxic effects of active plant substances on other organisms and the risk of development of tick resistance, a strategy for the use of such compounds in tick control and the management of plant products should be developed.

ACS Style

Alicja M. Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Weronika Buczek; Dorota Kulina. Abnormal Development of Hyalomma Marginatum Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) Induced by Plant Cytotoxic Substances. Toxins 2019, 11, 445 .

AMA Style

Alicja M. Buczek, Katarzyna Bartosik, Weronika Buczek, Dorota Kulina. Abnormal Development of Hyalomma Marginatum Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) Induced by Plant Cytotoxic Substances. Toxins. 2019; 11 (8):445.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja M. Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Weronika Buczek; Dorota Kulina. 2019. "Abnormal Development of Hyalomma Marginatum Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) Induced by Plant Cytotoxic Substances." Toxins 11, no. 8: 445.

Journal article
Published: 17 June 2019 in Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
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Introduction: The three-host Dermacentor reticulatus tick transmits many pathogens, which are introduced into the host with saliva during feeding. Material and methods: The aim of present study was to analyse the behaviour of males of this species on the host in homogeneous sex groups...

ACS Style

Katarzyna Bartosik; Alicja Buczek; Weronika Buczek; Alicja M Buczek; Dorota Kulina; Agnieszka Koman-Iżko. Host feeding behaviour of Dermacentor reticulatus males in relation to the transmission of pathogens. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2019, 26, 227 -230.

AMA Style

Katarzyna Bartosik, Alicja Buczek, Weronika Buczek, Alicja M Buczek, Dorota Kulina, Agnieszka Koman-Iżko. Host feeding behaviour of Dermacentor reticulatus males in relation to the transmission of pathogens. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2019; 26 (2):227-230.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katarzyna Bartosik; Alicja Buczek; Weronika Buczek; Alicja M Buczek; Dorota Kulina; Agnieszka Koman-Iżko. 2019. "Host feeding behaviour of Dermacentor reticulatus males in relation to the transmission of pathogens." Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 26, no. 2: 227-230.

Article
Published: 29 May 2019 in Experimental and Applied Acarology
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Two pyrethroids, deltamethrin (D) and alphacypermethrin (AC), have been used as commercial products for tick control worldwide. However, the effects of sublethal doses of these compounds on various tick species and their developmental stages have not been fully explored yet, although such knowledge could contribute to a more effective application of both pyrethroids and simultaneous reduction of their costs and undesirable side effects, including the harmful impact on other organisms and environmental contamination. This study investigates the effect of sublethal concentrations of D and AC applied to engorged females on the fecundity, development of eggs and larvae, and the number of offspring in the Ixodes ricinus (L.) tick, which is the most important vector of tick-borne diseases of humans in Europe. After detachment from rabbit’s skin, fully engorged I. ricinus females were treated with 20 μl of pyrethroid solutions at five concentrations from 0.01562 to 0.25% and kept at 28 °C and 75% relative humidity. The impact of the pyrethroids on maturation and development of eggs as well as development of larvae was assessed based on parameters of the preoviposition and oviposition periods and the course of embryogenesis and egg hatch. The investigations have shown that both tested acaricides reduce the reproductive rate in I. ricinus females by inhibition of egg development and disturb embryonic development and larval hatch. Females did not lay eggs at concentrations higher than 0.0625% AC and 0.125% D. The lower concentrations of both pyrethroids disturbed or inhibited the embryogenesis and egg hatch in I. ricinus.

ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Weronika Buczek; Paweł Kuczyński. The effect of sublethal concentrations of deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin on the fecundity and development of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) eggs and larvae. Experimental and Applied Acarology 2019, 78, 203 -221.

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Katarzyna Bartosik, Weronika Buczek, Paweł Kuczyński. The effect of sublethal concentrations of deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin on the fecundity and development of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) eggs and larvae. Experimental and Applied Acarology. 2019; 78 (2):203-221.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Weronika Buczek; Paweł Kuczyński. 2019. "The effect of sublethal concentrations of deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin on the fecundity and development of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) eggs and larvae." Experimental and Applied Acarology 78, no. 2: 203-221.

Journal article
Published: 20 June 2018 in Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
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ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Dorota Kulina; Magdalena Raszewska-Famielec; Adam Borzęcki. Skin lesions in humans bitten by European pigeon tick Argas reflexus (Fab.) (Ixodida: Argasidae) massively occurring in the Upper Silesian conurbation of south-west Poland. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2018, 25, 234 -240.

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Katarzyna Bartosik, Dorota Kulina, Magdalena Raszewska-Famielec, Adam Borzęcki. Skin lesions in humans bitten by European pigeon tick Argas reflexus (Fab.) (Ixodida: Argasidae) massively occurring in the Upper Silesian conurbation of south-west Poland. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2018; 25 (2):234-240.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Dorota Kulina; Magdalena Raszewska-Famielec; Adam Borzęcki. 2018. "Skin lesions in humans bitten by European pigeon tick Argas reflexus (Fab.) (Ixodida: Argasidae) massively occurring in the Upper Silesian conurbation of south-west Poland." Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 25, no. 2: 234-240.

Journal article
Published: 11 May 2017 in Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
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[b] Abstract Introduction and objective[/b]. Expansion into new areas and the great epidemiological significance of the D. reticulatus tick in Europe prompts investigations of its ethology. Therefore, the locomotor activity of D. reticulatus adult stages in an optimal habitat during the spring...

ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Zbigniew Zając; Aneta Woźniak; Dorota Kulina; Katarzyna Bartosik. Locomotor activity of adult Dermacentor reticulatus ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in natural conditions. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2017, 24, 271 -275.

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Zbigniew Zając, Aneta Woźniak, Dorota Kulina, Katarzyna Bartosik. Locomotor activity of adult Dermacentor reticulatus ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in natural conditions. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2017; 24 (2):271-275.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Zbigniew Zając; Aneta Woźniak; Dorota Kulina; Katarzyna Bartosik. 2017. "Locomotor activity of adult Dermacentor reticulatus ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in natural conditions." Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 24, no. 2: 271-275.

Short report
Published: 17 September 2015 in Parasites & Vectors
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Given the sympatric occurrence in some regions of Europe and the great epidemiological significance of D. reticulatus and D. marginatus species, we investigated the behaviour of these ticks during inter-specific and mono-specific host infestations. The investigations were conducted on rabbits at 20 ± 3 °C and humidity of 38 ± 1 %. The inter-specific infestations groups consisted of 20 females and ten males of D. marginatus and 20 females and ten males of D. reticulatus on each host, whereas mono-specific infestations involved 40 females and 20 males of each species. The investigations have demonstrated competition between the two tick species resulting in modification of the behaviour on the host and the feeding course in D. marginatus females by the presence of D. reticulatus. In the inter-specific group, D. marginatus females attached for a longer time (mean 2.74 ± 1.12 h) than in the mono-specific group (mean 1.24 ± 0.97 h) (p < 0.0001). The feeding period of these females was shorter (9.45 ± 1.30 days) than in the mono-specific group (13.15 ± 2.53 days) (p < 0.0001), but they exhibited a statistically significantly higher body weight in comparison with the females from the mono-specific infestation (p = 0.0155). In D. reticulatus females, no significant difference was found in the host attachment and feeding rates between the mono-specific and inter-specific groups. The differences in the behaviour of the females from both species during co-feeding reflect physiological adaptation to environmental conditions, which enables them to ingest blood and reproduce. During co-feeding of D. reticulatus and D. marginatus on the same host, two inter-specific systems with different physiological features are formed, which may influence the transmission of tick-borne pathogens.

ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Zbigniew Zając; Michał Stanko. Host-feeding behaviour of Dermacentor reticulatus and Dermacentor marginatus in mono-specific and inter-specific infestations. Parasites & Vectors 2015, 8, 470 .

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Katarzyna Bartosik, Zbigniew Zając, Michał Stanko. Host-feeding behaviour of Dermacentor reticulatus and Dermacentor marginatus in mono-specific and inter-specific infestations. Parasites & Vectors. 2015; 8 (1):470.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Zbigniew Zając; Michał Stanko. 2015. "Host-feeding behaviour of Dermacentor reticulatus and Dermacentor marginatus in mono-specific and inter-specific infestations." Parasites & Vectors 8, no. 1: 470.

Short report
Published: 11 July 2015 in Parasites & Vectors
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The high competence of D. reticulatus in transmission of tick-borne pathogens prompts investigations of the effect of chemicals used as repellents and acaricides on the behaviour of the tick on the host. Therefore, this paper presents the effect of permethrin and deltamethrin on the attachment and feeding in this tick species. Attachment to rabbit skin of D. reticulatus females sprayed with pyrethroids and the effect of different doses thereof on feeding were assessed at a temperature of 20 ± 3 °C and 50 % humidity. The dynamics of attachment of D. reticulatus females varied in a dose-dependent manner after the application of both pyrethroids. Within the first 0.5 h of the experiments, there was an over six-fold and over twelve-fold increase in the number of females attached to host skin after application of permethrin concentrations of 0.3906–0.7812 μg and 1.5625–3.1250 μg/1 specimen, respectively. In the case of deltamethrin, females treated with the dose of 0.0390 μg of the compound were able to attach to host skin only 4 hours after the infestation. The toxic activity of both pyrethroids increased the duration of the feeding period and decreased the body weight of engorged females and the feeding efficiency index. The accelerated attachment of D. reticulatus females caused by sublethal permethrin doses and delayed or inhibited attachment caused by deltamethrin suggest a necessity of careful selection of the type and dose of pyrethroids to protect hosts from tick attacks.

ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Patrycja Lachowska-Kotowska; Katarzyna Bartosik. The effect of synthetic pyrethroids on the attachment and host-feeding behaviour in Dermacentor reticulatus females (Ixodida: Amblyommidae). Parasites & Vectors 2015, 8, 366 .

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Patrycja Lachowska-Kotowska, Katarzyna Bartosik. The effect of synthetic pyrethroids on the attachment and host-feeding behaviour in Dermacentor reticulatus females (Ixodida: Amblyommidae). Parasites & Vectors. 2015; 8 (1):366.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Patrycja Lachowska-Kotowska; Katarzyna Bartosik. 2015. "The effect of synthetic pyrethroids on the attachment and host-feeding behaviour in Dermacentor reticulatus females (Ixodida: Amblyommidae)." Parasites & Vectors 8, no. 1: 366.

Journal article
Published: 11 December 2014 in Parasites & Vectors
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The increased incidence of Lyme disease in Europe necessitates permanent monitoring of the occurrence and activity of its vector. Therefore, in this study, we have investigated the presence and seasonal activity of Ixodes ricinus ticks in various habitats of a large industrial region in south-western Poland in correlation with environmental factors present in urban heat islands. Additionally, the risk of borreliosis in this part of Poland has been assessed. The investigations were carried out at two-week intervals between April and October 2001 and 2002. Ticks were collected from four localities in Upper Silesia, i.e. in a city park (CH), on the outskirts of two large cities (KO, MI), and in a forest (KL). We analysed the impact of temperature and humidity measured during the collection period in the I. ricinus habitats, the climatic conditions prevailing in the study area, and the degree of environmental contamination on the abundance and activity of these ticks in the respective sites. The degree of borreliosis risk in the region was determined on the basis of the results of research on the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in ticks and reports from sanitary-epidemiological stations. In total, 2061 I. ricinus ticks, including 606 nymphs and 1455 adults, were collected in the study area. The number and activity of the ticks varied during the collection in the different sites. In the urban locality CH, tick abundance was the lowest (455 throughout the investigation period), and the seasonal activity of females was unimodal and persisted for as long as 4 months. In the suburban localities KO and MI, tick abundance was higher (485 and 481 specimens, respectively) and the activity of females was unimodal. The highest abundance (640 ticks) and a bimodal pattern of female activity were reported from the forest locality KL. In all the localities, the activity of nymphs was unimodal. Humidity was found to be a factor influencing I. ricinus abundance and activity, whereas temperature did not affect their number and behaviour significantly. The climate parameters within the urban heat islands noted during the investigations contributed to dispersal of dust and gas pollutants. The analysis of the data reveals that there is a risk of borreliosis in the entire study area; however, it is higher in the urban localities than in the suburban sites. Environmental conditions (habitat, climate, and dust and gas pollution) prevailing within urban heat islands may exert an impact on tick abundance and activity and the prevalence of Lyme disease in the study area. The greatest effect of the environmental factors on ticks was found in the city park, where the risk of human infection with B. burgdorferi s.l. spirochetes is the highest as well.

ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Dariusz Ciura; Katarzyna Bartosik; Zbigniew Zając; Joanna Kulisz. Threat of attacks of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and Lyme borreliosis within urban heat islands in south-western Poland. Parasites & Vectors 2014, 7, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Dariusz Ciura, Katarzyna Bartosik, Zbigniew Zając, Joanna Kulisz. Threat of attacks of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and Lyme borreliosis within urban heat islands in south-western Poland. Parasites & Vectors. 2014; 7 (1):1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Dariusz Ciura; Katarzyna Bartosik; Zbigniew Zając; Joanna Kulisz. 2014. "Threat of attacks of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and Lyme borreliosis within urban heat islands in south-western Poland." Parasites & Vectors 7, no. 1: 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2014 in Parasites & Vectors
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The increased incidence of Lyme disease in Europe necessitates permanent monitoring of the occurrence and activity of its vector. Therefore, in this study, we have investigated the presence and seasonal activity of Ixodes ricinus ticks in various habitats of a large industrial region in south-western Poland in correlation with environmental factors present in urban heat islands. Additionally, the risk of borreliosis in this part of Poland has been assessed.

ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Dariusz Ciura; Katarzyna Bartosik; Zbigniew Zaj¿c; Joanna Kulisz; Zbigniew Zając. Threat of attacks of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and Lyme borreliosis within urban heat islands in south-western Poland. Parasites & Vectors 2014, 7, 562 .

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Dariusz Ciura, Katarzyna Bartosik, Zbigniew Zaj¿c, Joanna Kulisz, Zbigniew Zając. Threat of attacks of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and Lyme borreliosis within urban heat islands in south-western Poland. Parasites & Vectors. 2014; 7 (1):562.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Dariusz Ciura; Katarzyna Bartosik; Zbigniew Zaj¿c; Joanna Kulisz; Zbigniew Zając. 2014. "Threat of attacks of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and Lyme borreliosis within urban heat islands in south-western Poland." Parasites & Vectors 7, no. 1: 562.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2014 in Parasites & Vectors
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The host-seeking activity in Dermacentor reticulatus ticks undergoes rhythmical changes correlated with environmental conditions. Therefore, this study is focused on investigating the activity of adult stages of the species during weather changes occurring in winter months in eastern Poland, i.e. a period of tick diapause.

ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Zbigniew Zając. Changes in the activity of adult stages of Dermacentor reticulatus (Ixodida: Amblyommidae) induced by weather factors in eastern Poland. Parasites & Vectors 2014, 7, 245 -245.

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Katarzyna Bartosik, Zbigniew Zając. Changes in the activity of adult stages of Dermacentor reticulatus (Ixodida: Amblyommidae) induced by weather factors in eastern Poland. Parasites & Vectors. 2014; 7 (1):245-245.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Zbigniew Zając. 2014. "Changes in the activity of adult stages of Dermacentor reticulatus (Ixodida: Amblyommidae) induced by weather factors in eastern Poland." Parasites & Vectors 7, no. 1: 245-245.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2014 in Parasites & Vectors
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The action of chemical compounds on the Palaearctic tick D. reticulatus (Fabricius) (Acari: Amblyomminae) has been poorly investigated so far. Therefore, the effects of application of permethrin on engorged D. reticulatus females have been assessed, and the survival rate for the different developmental stages of the tick species in its non-parasitic phase of the life cycle was determined upon application of the pyrethroid.

ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Paweł Kuczyński. Sensitivity to permethrin in a Dermacentor reticulatus population from eastern Poland in laboratory study. Parasites & Vectors 2014, 7, 18 -18.

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Katarzyna Bartosik, Paweł Kuczyński. Sensitivity to permethrin in a Dermacentor reticulatus population from eastern Poland in laboratory study. Parasites & Vectors. 2014; 7 (1):18-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna Bartosik; Paweł Kuczyński. 2014. "Sensitivity to permethrin in a Dermacentor reticulatus population from eastern Poland in laboratory study." Parasites & Vectors 7, no. 1: 18-18.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2013 in Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
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ACS Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna A Bartosik; Łukasz Wiśniowski; Krzysztof Tomasiewicz. Changes in population abundance of adult Dermacentor reticulatus (Acari: Amblyommidae) in long-term investigations in eastern Poland. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2013, 20, 1 .

AMA Style

Alicja Buczek, Katarzyna A Bartosik, Łukasz Wiśniowski, Krzysztof Tomasiewicz. Changes in population abundance of adult Dermacentor reticulatus (Acari: Amblyommidae) in long-term investigations in eastern Poland. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2013; 20 (2):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alicja Buczek; Katarzyna A Bartosik; Łukasz Wiśniowski; Krzysztof Tomasiewicz. 2013. "Changes in population abundance of adult Dermacentor reticulatus (Acari: Amblyommidae) in long-term investigations in eastern Poland." Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 20, no. 2: 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2004 in Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
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ACS Style

Krzysztof Tomasiewicz; Roma Modrzewska; Alicja Buczek; Joanna Stańczak; Jadwiga Maciukajć. The risk of exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in Mid-Eastern Poland. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2004, 11, 261 -4.

AMA Style

Krzysztof Tomasiewicz, Roma Modrzewska, Alicja Buczek, Joanna Stańczak, Jadwiga Maciukajć. The risk of exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in Mid-Eastern Poland. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2004; 11 (2):261-4.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Tomasiewicz; Roma Modrzewska; Alicja Buczek; Joanna Stańczak; Jadwiga Maciukajć. 2004. "The risk of exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in Mid-Eastern Poland." Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 11, no. 2: 261-4.