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Dr. yves mazabraud
Institut National Supérieur du Professorat et de l'Education, 97159 Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe, France

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0 Geology
0 Geophysics
0 Geoheritage
0 geoscience education

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Journal article
Published: 28 November 2019 in Geosciences
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Comparing nearby areas with contrasted seismicity distributions like the French Variscan Armorican Massif (AM) and the surrounding intracratonic Paris Basin (PB) can help deciphering which parameters control the occurrence or absence of diffuse, intraplate seismicity. In this paper, we examine how lithosphere temperature, fluid pressure, and frictional strength variations, combined with horizontal and bending stresses, may condition brittle, ductile or elastic behaviours of the crust in the AM and PB. We compute yield stress envelopes (YSE) and lithospheric flexure across a 1000 km-long SW–NE profile crossing the AM and PB approximately parallel to the direction of the minimum horizontal stress. Flexural models slightly better fit measured Bouguer gravity data if we apply two vertical loads on the AM and PB, with values (positive downward) ranging between −3 and −2.1012, and between 4 and 6.1012 N·m−2, respectively, depending on the chosen crustal composition. Our results evidence that whatever the crustal composition, bending stresses and heat flow variations alone are not sufficient to explain the difference in seismogenic behaviour between the AM and the PB. Variations in friction coefficient, in the range of standard values, are not totally satisfying either, since they do not restrain the brittle crustal thickness in the PB to less than 10 km, which is still large enough to be the locus of shallow earthquakes. Oppositely, increasing the cohesion from 10 to 80 MPa has a stronger effect on the thickness of the brittle upper crust, decreasing it from 10 to 15 km beneath the AM to 0–5 km beneath the PB. This suggests that the Mesozoic sedimentary pile can act as a sticky layer holding together basement rocks of the PB, which is equivalent to an increase in cohesion, and protects them from failure.

ACS Style

Carole Petit; Louis De Barros; Guillaume Duclaux; Yves Mazabraud. Why Are There No Earthquakes in the Intracratonic Paris Basin? Insights from Flexural Models. Geosciences 2019, 9, 502 .

AMA Style

Carole Petit, Louis De Barros, Guillaume Duclaux, Yves Mazabraud. Why Are There No Earthquakes in the Intracratonic Paris Basin? Insights from Flexural Models. Geosciences. 2019; 9 (12):502.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carole Petit; Louis De Barros; Guillaume Duclaux; Yves Mazabraud. 2019. "Why Are There No Earthquakes in the Intracratonic Paris Basin? Insights from Flexural Models." Geosciences 9, no. 12: 502.

Journal article
Published: 22 August 2019 in Sustainability
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The French West Indies (F.W.I.), in the Eastern Caribbean, are part of a biodiversity hotspot and an archipelago of very rich geology. In this specific natural environment, the abundance or the lack of various natural resources has influenced society since the pre-Columbian era. The limited size of the islands and the growth of their economy demand a clear assessment of both the natural geoheritage and the historical heritage. This paper presents a brief review of the variety of the natural stone architectural heritage of the F.W.I. and of the available geomaterials. Some conservation issues and threats are evidenced, with particular emphasis on Guadeloupe. Some social practices are also evoked, with the long-term goal of studying the reciprocal influence of local geology and society on conservation aspects. Finally, this paper argues that unawareness is one of the main obstacles for the conservation of the geoheritage and the natural stone architectural heritage in the F.W.I.

ACS Style

Yves Mazabraud. Historical and Contemporary Use of Natural Stones in the French West Indies. Conservation Aspects and Practices. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4566 .

AMA Style

Yves Mazabraud. Historical and Contemporary Use of Natural Stones in the French West Indies. Conservation Aspects and Practices. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (17):4566.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yves Mazabraud. 2019. "Historical and Contemporary Use of Natural Stones in the French West Indies. Conservation Aspects and Practices." Sustainability 11, no. 17: 4566.

Perspective
Published: 22 June 2018 in npj Science of Learning
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The scientific literacy level of the whole population has long been focusing the researchers' attention because of its direct impact on many aspects of our lives. As a matter of fact, studies in cognition have both been inspired by educational issues as well as by misconceptions of scientific ideas often based on irrational beliefs, old theories, unscientific reasoning, or unassimilated conceptual instruction. As a result, individual conceptions are now accurately described in many scientific fields, which has led to improvements in science teaching and learning. However, the community (scientists, academics, high school and primary school teachers, and educators) has not yet succeeded in solving all the issues, so some pre-existing misconceptions still persist in the population. In this paper, we argue that cognition studies must now focus on the origin of individuals' conceptions and on their modes of acquisition and propagation. The goal is to provide educational tools for acting upstream, during early scientific instruction, before the very acquisition of scientific conceptions.

ACS Style

Alexandra Renouard; Yves Mazabraud. Context-based learning for Inhibition of alternative conceptions: the next step forward in science education. npj Science of Learning 2018, 3, 10 .

AMA Style

Alexandra Renouard, Yves Mazabraud. Context-based learning for Inhibition of alternative conceptions: the next step forward in science education. npj Science of Learning. 2018; 3 (1):10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandra Renouard; Yves Mazabraud. 2018. "Context-based learning for Inhibition of alternative conceptions: the next step forward in science education." npj Science of Learning 3, no. 1: 10.

Book chapter
Published: 04 May 2017 in Computer Vision
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ACS Style

Claire Anjou; Thomas Forissier; Jacqueline Bourdeau; Yves Mazabraud; Roger Nkambou; Frédéric Fournier; Patrick Brézillon; Roy Turner; Carlo Penco. Elaborating the Context Calculator: A Design Experiment in Geothermy. Computer Vision 2017, 10257, 513 -526.

AMA Style

Claire Anjou, Thomas Forissier, Jacqueline Bourdeau, Yves Mazabraud, Roger Nkambou, Frédéric Fournier, Patrick Brézillon, Roy Turner, Carlo Penco. Elaborating the Context Calculator: A Design Experiment in Geothermy. Computer Vision. 2017; 10257 ():513-526.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claire Anjou; Thomas Forissier; Jacqueline Bourdeau; Yves Mazabraud; Roger Nkambou; Frédéric Fournier; Patrick Brézillon; Roy Turner; Carlo Penco. 2017. "Elaborating the Context Calculator: A Design Experiment in Geothermy." Computer Vision 10257, no. : 513-526.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin
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In this paper, we provide the first structural map of Les Saintes archipelago (Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles). The finite strain pattern displays four families of fault systems characterized by their statistical structural orientations: N000-N020, N050-N070, N090-N110 and N130-N140 trending fault systems. Our onshore results thus underline a fault network much more complex than the one depicted by the previous offshore geophysical investigations around Les Saintes archipelago, which show only N120-N150 trending system. According to the available K-Ar dating of the volcanic rocks and the relative chronology of the faults defined in the field, we determine the deformation history in Les Saintes islands since the last 3 Ma. The four highlighted trending fault systems are already active since the Pliocene and are consistent with the present-day extensional tectonics in the Guadeloupe archipelago compatible with the reactivation of inherited structures at the active arc scale. We interpret the tectonic evolution of Les Saintes islands as the result of interplay between subduction of aseismic ridges (Tiburon and Barracuda ridges) and oblique convergence. Furthermore, we recognized an exhumed geothermal paleo-system in Terre-de-Haut island which is a good analogue of the present-day active Bouillante geothermal system. Its duration is estimated at 400 k.y. during the Pliocene.

ACS Style

Verati Chrystèle; Yves Mazabraud; Jean-Marc Lardeaux; Michel Corsini; Dorian Schneider; Emile Voitus; Fabienne Zami. Tectonic evolution of Les Saintes archipelago (Guadeloupe, French West Indies): relation with the Lesser Antilles arc system. BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin 2016, 187, 3 -10.

AMA Style

Verati Chrystèle, Yves Mazabraud, Jean-Marc Lardeaux, Michel Corsini, Dorian Schneider, Emile Voitus, Fabienne Zami. Tectonic evolution of Les Saintes archipelago (Guadeloupe, French West Indies): relation with the Lesser Antilles arc system. BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin. 2016; 187 (1):3-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Verati Chrystèle; Yves Mazabraud; Jean-Marc Lardeaux; Michel Corsini; Dorian Schneider; Emile Voitus; Fabienne Zami. 2016. "Tectonic evolution of Les Saintes archipelago (Guadeloupe, French West Indies): relation with the Lesser Antilles arc system." BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin 187, no. 1: 3-10.

Book chapter
Published: 10 December 2014 in Context in Computing
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In science learning, context is an important dimension of any scientific object or phenomenon, and context-dependent variations prove to be as critical for deep understanding as are abstract concepts, laws and rules. The hypothesis presented is that a context gap between two students can be illuminating to highlight the respective general-particular aspects of an object or phenomenon. Furthermore, provoking a perturbation during the learning process to obtain the emergence of such an event could be a productive tutoring strategy. The authors introduce the emergence of context effects as a problem space, to be modeled in the system, and propose a model of the contextual dimension (MazCalc) associated with an analytical view of its modeling, based on a metaphor in physics. A Learning Scenario (Gounouy) has been designed and tested with two groups of learners in Guadeloupe and in Quebec, and MazCalc has been instantiated for this pilot study. Finally, an architecture of a Context-Aware Intelligent Tutoring System is presented, with services to learners, teachers and researchers.

ACS Style

Thomas Forissier; Jacqueline Bourdeau; Yves Mazabraud; Roger Nkambou. Computing the Context Effect for Science Learning. Context in Computing 2014, 255 -269.

AMA Style

Thomas Forissier, Jacqueline Bourdeau, Yves Mazabraud, Roger Nkambou. Computing the Context Effect for Science Learning. Context in Computing. 2014; ():255-269.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thomas Forissier; Jacqueline Bourdeau; Yves Mazabraud; Roger Nkambou. 2014. "Computing the Context Effect for Science Learning." Context in Computing , no. : 255-269.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2013 in Comptes Rendus Geoscience
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ACS Style

Yves Mazabraud; Nicole Béthoux; Bertrand Delouis. Is earthquake activity along the French Atlantic margin favoured by local rheological contrasts? Comptes Rendus Geoscience 2013, 345, 373 -382.

AMA Style

Yves Mazabraud, Nicole Béthoux, Bertrand Delouis. Is earthquake activity along the French Atlantic margin favoured by local rheological contrasts? Comptes Rendus Geoscience. 2013; 345 (9):373-382.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yves Mazabraud; Nicole Béthoux; Bertrand Delouis. 2013. "Is earthquake activity along the French Atlantic margin favoured by local rheological contrasts?" Comptes Rendus Geoscience 345, no. 9: 373-382.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2013 in Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV
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In science learning, context is an important dimension of any scientific object or phenomenon, and context-dependent variations prove to be as critical for a deep understanding as are abstract concepts, laws or rules. Our hypothesis is that a context gap can be illuminating to highlight the respective general-particular aspects of an object or phenomenon. Furthermore, provoking a perturbation during the learning process to obtain the emergence of such an event could be a productive tutoring strategy. We introduce the emergence of context effects as a problem space, to be modeled in the system. We propose a model of the contextual dimension, associated with an analytical view of its modeling, based on a metaphor in physics.

ACS Style

Thomas Forissier; Jacqueline Bourdeau; Yves Mazabraud; Roger Nkambou. Modeling Context Effects in Science Learning: The CLASH Model. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2013, 8175, 330 -335.

AMA Style

Thomas Forissier, Jacqueline Bourdeau, Yves Mazabraud, Roger Nkambou. Modeling Context Effects in Science Learning: The CLASH Model. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2013; 8175 ():330-335.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thomas Forissier; Jacqueline Bourdeau; Yves Mazabraud; Roger Nkambou. 2013. "Modeling Context Effects in Science Learning: The CLASH Model." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 8175, no. : 330-335.

Journal article
Published: 18 November 2011 in Geophysical Research Letters
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[1] After the January 12, 2010, Haiti earthquake, we deployed a mainly offshore temporary network of seismologic stations around the damaged area. The distribution of the recorded aftershocks, together with morphotectonic observations and mainshock analysis, allow us to constrain a complex fault pattern in the area. Almost all of the aftershocks have a N‐S compressive mechanism, and not the expected left‐lateral strike‐slip mechanism. A first‐order slip model of the mainshock shows a N264°E north‐dipping plane, with a major left‐lateral component and a strong reverse component. As the aftershock distribution is sub‐parallel and close to the Enriquillo fault, we assume that although the cause of the catastrophe was not a rupture along the Enriquillo fault, this fault had an important role as a mechanical boundary. The azimuth of the focal planes of the aftershocks are parallel to the north‐dipping faults of the Transhaitian Belt, which suggests a triggering of failure on these discontinuities. In the western part, the aftershock distribution reflects the triggering of slip on similar faults, and/or, alternatively, of the south‐dipping faults, such the Trois‐Baies submarine fault. These observations are in agreement with a model of an oblique collision of an indenter of the oceanic crust of the Southern Peninsula and the sedimentary wedge of the Transhaitian Belt: the rupture occurred on a wrench fault at the rheologic boundary on top of the under‐thrusting rigid oceanic block, whereas the aftershocks were the result of the relaxation on the hanging wall along pre‐existing discontinuities in the frontal part of the Transhaitian Belt.

ACS Style

Bernard Mercier De Lépinay; Anne Deschamps; Frauke Klingelhoefer; Yves Mazabraud; Bertrand Delouis; Valérie Clouard; Yann Hello; Jacques Crozon; Boris Marcaillou; David Graindorge; Martin Vallée; Julie Perrot; Marie-Paule Bouin; Jean-Marie Saurel; Philippe Charvis; Mildor St-Louis. The 2010 Haiti earthquake: A complex fault pattern constrained by seismologic and tectonic observations. Geophysical Research Letters 2011, 38, 1 .

AMA Style

Bernard Mercier De Lépinay, Anne Deschamps, Frauke Klingelhoefer, Yves Mazabraud, Bertrand Delouis, Valérie Clouard, Yann Hello, Jacques Crozon, Boris Marcaillou, David Graindorge, Martin Vallée, Julie Perrot, Marie-Paule Bouin, Jean-Marie Saurel, Philippe Charvis, Mildor St-Louis. The 2010 Haiti earthquake: A complex fault pattern constrained by seismologic and tectonic observations. Geophysical Research Letters. 2011; 38 (22):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bernard Mercier De Lépinay; Anne Deschamps; Frauke Klingelhoefer; Yves Mazabraud; Bertrand Delouis; Valérie Clouard; Yann Hello; Jacques Crozon; Boris Marcaillou; David Graindorge; Martin Vallée; Julie Perrot; Marie-Paule Bouin; Jean-Marie Saurel; Philippe Charvis; Mildor St-Louis. 2011. "The 2010 Haiti earthquake: A complex fault pattern constrained by seismologic and tectonic observations." Geophysical Research Letters 38, no. 22: 1.

Journal article
Published: 16 November 2005 in Tectonophysics
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Tectonophysics, v. 409, n. 1-4, p. 175-192, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2005.08.021International audienc

ACS Style

Yves Mazabraud; Nicole Béthoux; Sébastien Deroussi. Characterisation of the seismological pattern in a slowly deforming intraplate region: Central and western France. Tectonophysics 2005, 409, 175 -192.

AMA Style

Yves Mazabraud, Nicole Béthoux, Sébastien Deroussi. Characterisation of the seismological pattern in a slowly deforming intraplate region: Central and western France. Tectonophysics. 2005; 409 (1-4):175-192.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yves Mazabraud; Nicole Béthoux; Sébastien Deroussi. 2005. "Characterisation of the seismological pattern in a slowly deforming intraplate region: Central and western France." Tectonophysics 409, no. 1-4: 175-192.

Journal article
Published: 21 December 2004 in Geophysical Journal International
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Refinement of the seismicity distribution (4574 events) in western and central France, has been done by synthesis of seismological bulletins. Earthquakes have then been relocated by joint hypocentre and velocity structure inversion. The new hypocentre distribution indicates that the seismicity of those regions is much less diffuse than previously thought, mainly with regard to the depth distribution. The hypocentre improvement allows us to compute 44 new focal mechanisms and to revise bibliographic focal mechanism solutions. Then, the regional stress field was determined from 119 available focal mechanisms. It is characterized by a regionally significant strike-slip regime with NW-trending σ1. However, the refinement in location and increasing available focal mechanism solutions allow us to show that this strike-slip regime is overprinted by local extensional perturbations in three distinct areas. In the Massif Central, the Sillon Houiller, a ancient vertical shear zone, appears to be acting as a passive boundary between a western unit and an eastern unit that is uplifted by the ascension of a hot mantle plume at the base of the lithosphere. Extension is unexpectedly observed in the southern Armorican Massif (SAM), as well as in northwestern Massif Central. One can observe a good relation between the observed perturbed zones and lateral variation of Pn anisotropy in the mantle. This correlation and the scale of these areas are arguments in favour of a lithospheric process as the origin for the stress characteristics. We believe these extensional perturbations could be related to the anticlockwise rotation of the Iberian microplate and/or incipient subduction in the Bay of Biscay.

ACS Style

Yves Mazabraud; Nicole Béthoux; Jocelyn Guilbert; Olivier Bellier. Evidence for short-scale stress field variations within intraplate central-western France. Geophysical Journal International 2004, 160, 161 -178.

AMA Style

Yves Mazabraud, Nicole Béthoux, Jocelyn Guilbert, Olivier Bellier. Evidence for short-scale stress field variations within intraplate central-western France. Geophysical Journal International. 2004; 160 (1):161-178.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yves Mazabraud; Nicole Béthoux; Jocelyn Guilbert; Olivier Bellier. 2004. "Evidence for short-scale stress field variations within intraplate central-western France." Geophysical Journal International 160, no. 1: 161-178.

Journal article
Published: 18 September 2002 in Geophysical Research Letters
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ACS Style

Eric Calais; Yves Mazabraud; Bernard Mercier De Lépinay; Paul Mann; Glen Mattioli; Pamela Jansma. Strain partitioning and fault slip rates in the northeastern Caribbean from GPS measurements. Geophysical Research Letters 2002, 29, 3 -1.

AMA Style

Eric Calais, Yves Mazabraud, Bernard Mercier De Lépinay, Paul Mann, Glen Mattioli, Pamela Jansma. Strain partitioning and fault slip rates in the northeastern Caribbean from GPS measurements. Geophysical Research Letters. 2002; 29 (18):3-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eric Calais; Yves Mazabraud; Bernard Mercier De Lépinay; Paul Mann; Glen Mattioli; Pamela Jansma. 2002. "Strain partitioning and fault slip rates in the northeastern Caribbean from GPS measurements." Geophysical Research Letters 29, no. 18: 3-1.