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Dr. Farshid Aram
UPM, Spain

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0 Social Interaction
0 Thermal Comfort
0 Urban green space planning
0 cognitive maps
0 Urban design and regeneration

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Thermal Comfort
Urban design and regeneration
Urban green space planning
cognitive maps
Urban green space

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Preprint
Published: 28 May 2021
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In recent years, urban planners and designers have paid attention to improve the creative factors in big and small cities in order to make the urban environment more attractive. It seems that improving desirable urban environmental qualities and walkability approaches such as flexibility, happiness, and vitality, provides the necessary background for creating creative urban spaces. The case study zone is urban walkways in Rasht that which has been completed four years ago. In this paper, after conceptualizing the nature of the creative city, as well as reviewing the views of the thinkers regarding the qualities of the environment, a conceptual model of creative urban space has been developed. Then, the indicators and criteria of creative urban space have been evaluated through the questionnaire and analysis through SPSS software and regression model, Pearson and Friedman. The result of the analyses of the five spatial, functional, social, perceptual, and environmental components and their relationship is expressed that factors such as paving streets, the development of local markets, the Suitability of urban walkways for physically and mentally handicapped people, the use of cultural elements, the use of diverse urban furniture and nightlife after building urban walkways play an important role in the realization of urban creative space in Rasht city.

ACS Style

Ameneh Ekrasardashti; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Farshid Aram. Measuring and Evaluating the Quality of Urban Walkways from the Perspective of the Creative Urban Space. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Ameneh Ekrasardashti, Hassan Sajadzadeh, Farshid Aram. Measuring and Evaluating the Quality of Urban Walkways from the Perspective of the Creative Urban Space. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ameneh Ekrasardashti; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Farshid Aram. 2021. "Measuring and Evaluating the Quality of Urban Walkways from the Perspective of the Creative Urban Space." , no. : 1.

Preprint
Published: 27 May 2021
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Lack of due attention to the orientation of streets and establishment of urban blocks without regard for climatic characteristics and conditions of the environment have an adverse effect on thermal comfort in open urban spaces. Construction of new settlements without taking into account climatic requirements undermines thermal comfort for pedestrians and other users, especially in cold regions. Considering the coldness of the region under study and the significance of the orientation of streets in absorbing radiation and providing heat to outdoor urban spaces, this study investigates the effect of the orientation of streets on microclimatic comfort in one of the residential towns of Hamadan City in Iran. For this purpose, microclimate simulation was performed using ENVI-met software. A residential block with four different orientations (the most common orientations of its surrounding buildings) were simulated in the coldest day of winter and the hottest day of summer. The results suggest that streets have different thermal behavior in different orientations. Orientation affects mean radiant temperature (Tmrt), the duration of exposure to direct sunlight, wind speed, and physiological equivalent temperature (PET), which are all important factors in thermal comfort. Based on these findings, north-south streets in Hamedan receive more radiant temperature during winter compared to other simulated orientations and provide more desirable thermal comfort. The average PET value on a winter day at a point on the north-south passage was 4.5-8 °C warmer than other orientations. In summer, streets with intercardinal orientations (i.e., northeast-southwest and northwest-southeast) provided the lowest PET (about 2 °C cooler than other orientations) and better thermal comfort

ACS Style

Narges Delpak; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Saide Hasanpourfard; Farshid Aram. The Effect of Street Orientation on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in a Cold Mountainous Climate. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Narges Delpak, Hassan Sajadzadeh, Saide Hasanpourfard, Farshid Aram. The Effect of Street Orientation on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in a Cold Mountainous Climate. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Narges Delpak; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Saide Hasanpourfard; Farshid Aram. 2021. "The Effect of Street Orientation on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in a Cold Mountainous Climate." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 17 May 2021 in Sustainability
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This study investigates the effect of art on promoting the meaning of the urban space. After considering the semantic dimension of the urban space and the mechanism of transferring the meanings of art through the views of experts, a model is presented for examining the art’s cooperation in promoting urban space meaning. In the first stage, the categories of space meanings influenced by art were extracted using the qualitative method of interpretative phenomenological analysis, and by examining 61 in-depth interviews in 6 urban spaces eligible for urban art in Tehran. In the second stage, these categories were surveyed in these spaces through 600 questionnaires after converting to the questionnaire items. Based on the results, “experience and perception capability”, “social participation”, and “relationship with context” were the main themes of the semantic relationships between art and urban space. Further, the lower scores related to the theme of “social participation” in the quantitative investigations indicate that this theme was weaker than the other themes in promoting the meaning of the urban space through the art in the selected urban spaces.

ACS Style

Mehrdad Karimimoshaver; Bahare Eris; Farshid Aram; Amir Mosavi. Art in Urban Spaces. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5597 .

AMA Style

Mehrdad Karimimoshaver, Bahare Eris, Farshid Aram, Amir Mosavi. Art in Urban Spaces. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (10):5597.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mehrdad Karimimoshaver; Bahare Eris; Farshid Aram; Amir Mosavi. 2021. "Art in Urban Spaces." Sustainability 13, no. 10: 5597.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2021 in Land
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Environmental qualities significantly affect the behaviors and place attachment of users, especially in residential areas. In addition to creating environmental comfort, local green spaces can increase users’ place attachment, improve their mood, enhance friendly company and facilitate social interactions. The study sought to investigate the impact of local green spaces in the historically and culturally valuable residential fabric of Hamadan City in Iran on increasing residents’ social attachment. Derived from the literature on the subject, the conceptual model of the study shows the impact of such factors as social, functional, emotional and spatial bonds on place attachment in the residential context. A total number of 410 residents in the old neighborhoods of Hamadan City were selected by random sampling with a balanced proportion of gender and residence duration in the selected area. The designed questionnaire was distributed among the sample population and the collected data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling method. Then, the t-test and bootstrapping in Smart PLS software were used for testing the research hypotheses and evaluating the significance of the relationships between the research variables in the structural model. The results indicated that among the four types of bonds examined in relation to place attachment, emotional bonds, functional bonds, social bonds and spatial bonds, respectively, had a direct and significant impact on place attachment from the viewpoint of residents. The stronger the sociocultural bonds in historically and culturally valuable residential areas, the more prominent the role of local green spaces in place attachment based on residence duration becomes.

ACS Style

Fatemeh Hosseini; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Farshid Aram; Amir Mosavi. The Impact of Local Green Spaces of Historically and Culturally Valuable Residential Areas on Place Attachment. Land 2021, 10, 351 .

AMA Style

Fatemeh Hosseini, Hassan Sajadzadeh, Farshid Aram, Amir Mosavi. The Impact of Local Green Spaces of Historically and Culturally Valuable Residential Areas on Place Attachment. Land. 2021; 10 (4):351.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fatemeh Hosseini; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Farshid Aram; Amir Mosavi. 2021. "The Impact of Local Green Spaces of Historically and Culturally Valuable Residential Areas on Place Attachment." Land 10, no. 4: 351.

Preprint
Published: 30 March 2021
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The present study investigated the effect of art on promoting the meaning of the urban space. In this regard, after considering the semantic dimension of the urban space and the mechanism of transferring the meanings of art through the views of experts, a model is presented for examin-ing the art’s cooperation in promoting urban space meaning in Tehran. In this study, a mixed method was used. In the first stage, the categories of space meanings influenced by art were ex-tracted through using the qualitative method of interpretive phenomenology and by examining 61 in-depth interviews in six urban spaces eligible for urban art in Tehran. In the second stage, these categories were surveyed in these spaces through 600 questionnaires after converting to the questionnaire items. Based on the results, "the possibility of the experience and perception", "social participation", and "the relationship with the context" were the main themes of the se-mantic relationship of art and urban space. Further, the lower scores related to the theme of "so-cial participation" in the quantitative investigations indicated that this theme was weaker than the other themes in promoting the meaning of the urban space through the art in the selected urban spaces.

ACS Style

Mehrdad Karimimoshaver; Bahare Eris; Farshid Aram; Amir Mosavi. Art in Urban Spaces. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Mehrdad Karimimoshaver, Bahare Eris, Farshid Aram, Amir Mosavi. Art in Urban Spaces. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mehrdad Karimimoshaver; Bahare Eris; Farshid Aram; Amir Mosavi. 2021. "Art in Urban Spaces." , no. : 1.

Marketing
Published: 01 January 2021 in Cogent Business & Management
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Retail centers can be considered as places for interactional and recreational activities and such social roles of retail centers contribute to the popularity of the retail centers. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to identify effective factors encouraging customers to engage with interactional activities and measure how these factors affect customer behavior. Accordingly, two hypotheses were raised illustrating that the travel time (i.e. the time it takes for a customer to reach the retail center) and the variety of shops (in a retail center) increase the percentage of people who spend their leisure time and recreational activities retail centers. Two case studies were conducted in two analogous retail centers, one in Tehran, Iran, and the other in Madrid, Spain. According to the results, there is an interaction between the travel time and the motivation for the presence of people in the retail center. Furthermore, the results revealed that half of both retail center goers who spend more than 10 minutes to reach the retail centers prefer to do leisure activities and browsing than shopping. In other words, the longer it takes a person to get to the center, the more likely he/she is to spend more time in the mall and do more leisure activities. It is also found that there is a significant relationship between the variety of shops in a retail center and the motivation of customers attending a retail center that encourages people to spend their leisure time in retail centers.

ACS Style

Sepideh Baghaee; Saeed Nosratabadi; Farshid Aram; Amir Mosavi. Driving factors behind the social role of retail centers on recreational activities. Cogent Business & Management 2021, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Sepideh Baghaee, Saeed Nosratabadi, Farshid Aram, Amir Mosavi. Driving factors behind the social role of retail centers on recreational activities. Cogent Business & Management. 2021; 8 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sepideh Baghaee; Saeed Nosratabadi; Farshid Aram; Amir Mosavi. 2021. "Driving factors behind the social role of retail centers on recreational activities." Cogent Business & Management 8, no. 1: 1.

Preprint
Published: 04 November 2020
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Retails and shopping centers have become essential to today’s lifestyle. Furthermore, as modern shopping venues, retail centers' social role contributes to its popularity and profitability. The social motive of customers for shopping is beyond acquiring their crucial purchases. These advantages favor retail centers and improve the level of social sustainability and its relevant concepts. Given that relatively little study has been studied on the impact of retail centers' social role as places for interactional and recreational activities on customers' behavior in these centers and its relation to social sustainability. Two hypotheses were raised that show the effect of time travel duration and shop variety on increasing the percentage of users who spend their leisure time and recreational activities in two analogous retail centers. The result of research regarding the first hypothesis reveals that there is an interaction between time travel duration and shoppers' motivation. Furthermore, the results revealed that half of both retail center goers who spend more than 10 minutes to arrive at the retail centers prefer to do leisure activities and browsing than shopping. Therefore, the majority of individuals are from further distances, indicating longer trips can be one of the factors for willing to spend more leisure time and recreational activities. The second hypothesis reveals that shop variety can be one of the main reasons for attracting users to spend their leisure time and browse in both retail centers. There is a significant correlation between shop variety and customers’ motivation.

ACS Style

Sepideh Baghaee; Farshid Aram; Shahab S. Band; Amir Mosavi. Urban Retail Systems: Studying the Interactional Activities and Social Sustainability. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Sepideh Baghaee, Farshid Aram, Shahab S. Band, Amir Mosavi. Urban Retail Systems: Studying the Interactional Activities and Social Sustainability. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sepideh Baghaee; Farshid Aram; Shahab S. Band; Amir Mosavi. 2020. "Urban Retail Systems: Studying the Interactional Activities and Social Sustainability." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 10 September 2020 in Environmental Sciences Europe
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Background In densely populated urban centers, increased air temperature due to urban heat island (UHI) effect can undermine the thermal comfort and health of citizens. Research has shown that large urban parks can mitigate the effect of UHIs and improve thermal comfort, especially in the warmer months of the year when temperature changes are more noticeable. This study investigated the cooling effect intensity (CEI) of the Retiro Park in the center of Madrid at three different distances from its southern edge and the impact of this cooling effect on thermal comfort from physiological and psychological perspectives. This investigation was performed by measuring microclimate data and conducting a survey simultaneously during the summer days. Results The results showed that the CEI of the park varies with distance from its edge. Because of this effect, air temperature within the 130 m and 280 m distance of the park was, respectively, 1.6 °C and 0.9 °C lower than the temperature at the 520 m distance (the nearest heat island). After examining the effect of the park in terms of physiological equivalent temperature (PET), it was found that the PET at the 130 m and 280 m distance of the park was 9.3% and 5.4% less than the PET in the heat island domain. More than 81% of the respondents (in all three areas) had a mental image of the park as the place where they would experience the highest level of outdoor thermal comfort, and this rate was higher in the areas closer to the park. The analysis of citizens’ responses about perceived thermal comfort (PTC) showed that citizens in areas with higher CEI had perceived a higher degree of thermal comfort from the psychological perspective. Conclusion This study demonstrates the significant role of large urban parks located in the core of the populated cities in providing thermal comfort for citizens from both physiological and psychological perspectives. Additionally, the results of this study demonstrated that among the environmental (natural and artificial) factors around the park (topography, urban structure, etc.), the aspect ratio has the greatest impact on thermal comfort.

ACS Style

Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Ester Higueras Garcia; Amir Mosavi. Urban heat resilience at the time of global warming: evaluating the impact of the urban parks on outdoor thermal comfort. Environmental Sciences Europe 2020, 32, 1 -15.

AMA Style

Farshid Aram, Ebrahim Solgi, Ester Higueras Garcia, Amir Mosavi. Urban heat resilience at the time of global warming: evaluating the impact of the urban parks on outdoor thermal comfort. Environmental Sciences Europe. 2020; 32 (1):1-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Ester Higueras Garcia; Amir Mosavi. 2020. "Urban heat resilience at the time of global warming: evaluating the impact of the urban parks on outdoor thermal comfort." Environmental Sciences Europe 32, no. 1: 1-15.

Journal article
Published: 02 September 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Tall buildings have become an integral part of cities despite all their pros and cons. Some current tall buildings have several problems because of their unsuitable location; the problems include increasing density, imposing traffic on urban thoroughfares, blocking view corridors, etc. Some of these buildings have destroyed desirable views of the city. In this research, different criteria have been chosen, such as environment, access, social-economic, land-use, and physical context. These criteria and sub-criteria are prioritized and weighted by the analytic network process (ANP) based on experts’ opinions, using Super Decisions V2.8 software. On the other hand, layers corresponding to sub-criteria were made in ArcGIS 10.3 simultaneously, then via a weighted overlay (map algebra), a locating plan was created. In the next step seven hypothetical tall buildings (20 stories), in the best part of the locating plan, were considered to evaluate how much of theses hypothetical buildings would be visible (fuzzy visibility) from the street and open spaces throughout the city. These processes have been modeled by MATLAB software, and the final fuzzy visibility plan was created by ArcGIS. Fuzzy visibility results can help city managers and planners to choose which location is suitable for a tall building and how much visibility may be appropriate. The proposed model can locate tall buildings based on technical and visual criteria in the future development of the city and it can be widely used in any city as long as the criteria and weights are localized.

ACS Style

Mehrdad Karimimoshaver; Hatameh Hajivaliei; Manouchehr Shokri; Shakila Khalesro; Farshid Aram; Shahab Shamshirband. A Model for Locating Tall Buildings through a Visual Analysis Approach. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6072 .

AMA Style

Mehrdad Karimimoshaver, Hatameh Hajivaliei, Manouchehr Shokri, Shakila Khalesro, Farshid Aram, Shahab Shamshirband. A Model for Locating Tall Buildings through a Visual Analysis Approach. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (17):6072.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mehrdad Karimimoshaver; Hatameh Hajivaliei; Manouchehr Shokri; Shakila Khalesro; Farshid Aram; Shahab Shamshirband. 2020. "A Model for Locating Tall Buildings through a Visual Analysis Approach." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17: 6072.

Preprint content
Published: 20 August 2020
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Background: In densely populated urban centers, increased air temperature due to urban heat island (UHI) effect can undermine the thermal comfort and health of citizens. Research has shown that large urban parks can mitigate the effect of UHIs and improve thermal comfort, especially in the warmer months of the year when temperature changes are more noticeable. This study investigated the cooling effect intensity (CEI) of the Retiro Park in the center of Madrid at three different distances from its southern edge and the impact of this cooling effect on thermal comfort from physiological and psychological perspectives. This investigation was performed by measuring microclimate data and conducting a survey simultaneously during the summer days. Results: The results showed that the CEI of the park varies with distance from its edge. Because of this effect, air temperature within the 130m and 280m distance of the park was respectively 1.6°C and 0.9°C lower than the temperature at the 520m distance (the nearest heat island). After examining the effect of the park in terms of Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET), it was found that the PET at the 130m and 280m distance of the park was 9.3% and 5.4% less than the PET in the heat island domain. More than 81% of the respondents (in all three areas) had a mental image of the park as the place where they would experience the highest level of outdoor thermal comfort, and this rate was higher in the areas closer to the park. The analysis of citizens’ responses about perceived thermal comfort (PTC) showed that citizens in areas with higher CEI had perceived a higher degree of thermal comfort from the psychological perspective.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the significant role of large urban parks located in the core of the populated cities in providing thermal comfort for citizens from both physiological and psychological perspectives. Additionally, the results of this study demonstrated that among the environmental (natural and artificial) factors around the park (topography, urban structure, etc.), the aspect ratio has the greatest impact on thermal comfort.

ACS Style

Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Ester Higueras García; Amir Mosavi. Urban heat resilience at the time of global warming: evaluating the impact of the urban parks on outdoor thermal comfort. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Farshid Aram, Ebrahim Solgi, Ester Higueras García, Amir Mosavi. Urban heat resilience at the time of global warming: evaluating the impact of the urban parks on outdoor thermal comfort. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Ester Higueras García; Amir Mosavi. 2020. "Urban heat resilience at the time of global warming: evaluating the impact of the urban parks on outdoor thermal comfort." , no. : 1.

Preprint
Published: 12 August 2020
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The combined effects of global warming and increasing urban heat islands (UHIs) on air temperature and heat stress in cities are notable physical and mental health implications for citizens. With research having shown the effective role of urban green spaces in decreasing urban heat, this study investigated the cooling effect of a large urban park on thermal comfort outside the park area, from psychological and physiological perspectives. The studied park is located in the center of Madrid and adjacent to UHI. The study was performed by conducting field measurements and a survey with questionnaires. The measurements made on six summer days (with two-week intervals) showed that the park’s cooling effect could decrease the air temperature by 2.4-2.8°C right up to the edge of the heat island (600m), and decrease the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) by about 3.9°C. By decreasing air temperature and PET, this park was also shown to increase the perceived thermal comfort (PTC) of the citizens from the psychological perspective in the defined area of effect. This perceived thermal comfort was found to have a significant inverse relationship with PET (P-value <0.05). The examination of cognitive maps drawn by citizens showed that out of the 145 respondents, 68.3% marked the park as the area that they perceive as having the greatest thermal comfort, and prefer as the place to spend time enjoying thermal comfort, irrespective of its distance from their location.

ACS Style

Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Sepideh Baghaee; Ester Higueras García; Amir Mosavi; S. Band. How Parks Provide Thermal Comfort Perception in the Metropolitan Cores; A Case Study in Madrid Mediterranean Climatic Zone. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Farshid Aram, Ebrahim Solgi, Sepideh Baghaee, Ester Higueras García, Amir Mosavi, S. Band. How Parks Provide Thermal Comfort Perception in the Metropolitan Cores; A Case Study in Madrid Mediterranean Climatic Zone. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Sepideh Baghaee; Ester Higueras García; Amir Mosavi; S. Band. 2020. "How Parks Provide Thermal Comfort Perception in the Metropolitan Cores; A Case Study in Madrid Mediterranean Climatic Zone." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 19 June 2020
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Background: In densely populated urban centers, increased air temperature due to urban heat island (UHI) effect can undermine the thermal comfort and health of citizens. Research has shown that large urban parks can mitigate the effect of UHIs and improve thermal comfort, especially in the warmer months of the year when temperature changes are more noticeable. This study investigated the cooling effect intensity (CEI) of the Retiro Park in the center of Madrid at three different distances from its southern edge and the impact of this cooling effect on thermal comfort from physiological and psychological perspectives. This investigation was performed by measuring microclimate data and conducting a survey simultaneously during the summer days. Results: The results showed that the CEI of the park varies with distance from its edge. Because of this effect, air temperature within the 130m and 280m distance of the park was respectively 1.6°C and 0.9°C lower than the temperature at the 520m distance (the nearest heat island). After examining the effect of the park in terms of Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET), it was found that the PET at the 130m and 280m distance of the park was 9.3% and 5.4% less than the PET in the heat island domain. More than 81% of the respondents (in all three areas) had a mental image of the park as the place where they would experience the highest level of outdoor thermal comfort, and this rate was higher in the areas closer to the park. The analysis of citizens’ responses about perceived thermal comfort (PTC) showed that citizens in areas with higher CEI had perceived a higher degree of thermal comfort from the psychological perspective. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the significant role of large urban parks located in the core of the populated cities in providing thermal comfort for citizens from both physiological and psychological perspectives.

ACS Style

Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Ester Higueras García; Amir Mosavi. The impact of the cooling effect of urban parks on thermal comfort from the physiological and the psychological perspective. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Farshid Aram, Ebrahim Solgi, Ester Higueras García, Amir Mosavi. The impact of the cooling effect of urban parks on thermal comfort from the physiological and the psychological perspective. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Ester Higueras García; Amir Mosavi. 2020. "The impact of the cooling effect of urban parks on thermal comfort from the physiological and the psychological perspective." , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 28 May 2020 in Energies
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The united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization (UNESCO) considers the historic urban landscapes as the world heritages. Managing historic city centers and maintaining historic cores are the emerging challenges for sustainable urban planning. Today, the historic cores form an important part of the economic, social, environmental, and physical assets and capacities of contemporary cities, and play a strategic role in their development. One of the most important approaches to the development of central textures, especially in historical and cultural cities, is the sustainable urban regeneration approach, which encompasses all aspects of sustainability, such as the economic, social, cultural and environmental aspects. To maintain sustainability and regeneration of historic cores of cities, it is necessary to provide insight into the underlying characteristics of the local urbanization. Furthermore, the fundamental assets are to be investigated as indicators of sustainable regeneration and drivers of urban development. In the meantime, a variety of research and experience has taken place around the world, all of which has provided different criteria and indicators for the development of strategies for the historic cores of cities. The present study, through a meta-analytic and survey method, analyzing the experience and research reported in 139 theoretical and empirical papers in the last twenty years, seeks to provide a comprehensive conceptual model taking into account the criteria and indices of sustainable regeneration in historic cores of cities. The quality of the survey has been ensured using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA).

ACS Style

Mehrdad Chahardowli; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Farshid Aram; Amir Mosavi. Survey of Sustainable Regeneration of Historic and Cultural Cores of Cities. Energies 2020, 13, 2708 .

AMA Style

Mehrdad Chahardowli, Hassan Sajadzadeh, Farshid Aram, Amir Mosavi. Survey of Sustainable Regeneration of Historic and Cultural Cores of Cities. Energies. 2020; 13 (11):2708.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mehrdad Chahardowli; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Farshid Aram; Amir Mosavi. 2020. "Survey of Sustainable Regeneration of Historic and Cultural Cores of Cities." Energies 13, no. 11: 2708.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2020 in Energies
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The energy performance of buildings and energy-saving measures have been widely investigated in recent years. However, little attention has been paid to buildings located in rural areas. The aim of this study is to assess the energy performance of two-story residential buildings located in the mountainous village of Palangan in Iran and to evaluate the impact of multiple parameters, namely building orientation, window-to-wall ratio (WWR), glazing type, shading devices, and insulation, on its energy performance. To attain a nearly zero energy building design in rural areas, the building is equipped with photovoltaic modules. The proposed building design is then economically evaluated to ensure its viability. The findings indicate that an energy saving of 29% can be achieved compared to conventional buildings, and over 22 MWh of electricity can be produced on an annual basis. The payback period is assessed at 21.7 years. However, energy subsidies are projected to be eliminated in the near future, which in turn may reduce the payback period.

ACS Style

Reza Khakian; Mehrdad Karimimoshaver; Farshid Aram; Soghra Zoroufchi Benis; Amir Mosavi; Annamaria R. Varkonyi-Koczy. Modeling Nearly Zero Energy Buildings for Sustainable Development in Rural Areas. Energies 2020, 13, 2593 .

AMA Style

Reza Khakian, Mehrdad Karimimoshaver, Farshid Aram, Soghra Zoroufchi Benis, Amir Mosavi, Annamaria R. Varkonyi-Koczy. Modeling Nearly Zero Energy Buildings for Sustainable Development in Rural Areas. Energies. 2020; 13 (10):2593.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Reza Khakian; Mehrdad Karimimoshaver; Farshid Aram; Soghra Zoroufchi Benis; Amir Mosavi; Annamaria R. Varkonyi-Koczy. 2020. "Modeling Nearly Zero Energy Buildings for Sustainable Development in Rural Areas." Energies 13, no. 10: 2593.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Along with environmental pollution, urban planning has been connected to public health. The research indicates that the quality of built environments plays an important role in reducing mental disorders and overall health. The structure and shape of the city are considered as one of the factors influencing happiness and health in urban communities and the type of the daily activities of citizens. The aim of this study was to promote physical activity in the main structure of the city via urban design in a way that the main form and morphology of the city can encourage citizens to move around and have physical activity within the city. Functional, physical, cultural-social, and perceptual-visual features are regarded as the most important and effective criteria in increasing physical activities in urban spaces, based on literature review. The environmental quality of urban spaces and their role in the physical activities of citizens in urban spaces were assessed by using the questionnaire tool and analytical network process (ANP) of structural equation modeling. Further, the space syntax method was utilized to evaluate the role of the spatial integration of urban spaces on improving physical activities. Based on the results, consideration of functional diversity, spatial flexibility and integration, security, and the aesthetic and visual quality of urban spaces plays an important role in improving the physical health of citizens in urban spaces. Further, more physical activities, including motivation for walking and the sense of public health and happiness, were observed in the streets having higher linkage and space syntax indexes with their surrounding texture.

ACS Style

Sadegh Fathi; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Faezeh Mohammadi Sheshkal; Farshid Aram; Gergo Pinter; Imre Felde; Amir Mosavi. The Role of Urban Morphology Design on Enhancing Physical Activity and Public Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 2359 .

AMA Style

Sadegh Fathi, Hassan Sajadzadeh, Faezeh Mohammadi Sheshkal, Farshid Aram, Gergo Pinter, Imre Felde, Amir Mosavi. The Role of Urban Morphology Design on Enhancing Physical Activity and Public Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (7):2359.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sadegh Fathi; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Faezeh Mohammadi Sheshkal; Farshid Aram; Gergo Pinter; Imre Felde; Amir Mosavi. 2020. "The Role of Urban Morphology Design on Enhancing Physical Activity and Public Health." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7: 2359.

Preprint
Published: 29 March 2020
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Along with environmental pollutions, urban planning has been connected to public health. The research indicates that the quality of built environments plays an important role in reducing mental disorders and overall health. The structure and shape of the city are considered as one of the factors influencing happiness and health in urban communities and the type of the daily activities of citizens. The aim of this study was to promote physical activity in the main structure of the city via urban design in a way that the main form and morphology of the city can encourage citizens to move around and have physical activity within the city. Functional, physical, cultural-social, and perceptual-visual features are regarded as the most important and effective criteria in increasing physical activities in urban spaces based on literature review. The environmental quality of urban spaces and their role in the physical activities of citizens in urban spaces were assessed by using the questionnaire tool and analytical network process (ANP) of structural equation modeling. Further, the space syntax method was utilized to evaluate the role of the spatial integration of urban spaces on improving physical activities. Based on the results, the consideration of functional diversity, spatial flexibility and integration, security, and the aesthetic and visual quality of urban spaces plays an important role in improving the physical health of citizens in urban spaces. Further, more physical activities, including motivation for walking and consequently, the sense of public health and happiness, were observed in the streets having higher linkage and space syntax indexes with their surrounding texture.

ACS Style

Sadeq Fathi; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Faezeh Mohammadi Sheshkal; Farshid Aram; Gergo Pinter; Imre Felde; Amir Mosavi. The Role of Urban Morphology Design on Enhancing Physical Activities and Public Health. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Sadeq Fathi, Hassan Sajadzadeh, Faezeh Mohammadi Sheshkal, Farshid Aram, Gergo Pinter, Imre Felde, Amir Mosavi. The Role of Urban Morphology Design on Enhancing Physical Activities and Public Health. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sadeq Fathi; Hassan Sajadzadeh; Faezeh Mohammadi Sheshkal; Farshid Aram; Gergo Pinter; Imre Felde; Amir Mosavi. 2020. "The Role of Urban Morphology Design on Enhancing Physical Activities and Public Health." , no. : 1.

Research article
Published: 25 February 2020 in Urban Studies
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As public spaces are often designed based on adults’ behavioural patterns and perceptions, children’s perceptions and physical needs based on their body size have received less attention in both the design of urban spaces and urban studies. Focusing on the interpretive reproduction theory, this study aims to investigate children’s perceptions of urban spaces. Using behaviour and mental mapping, this paper examines children’s activities in public spaces as well as their mental images of such spaces. Behaviour mapping was conducted over 37 days on the Zrêbar Lake Waterfront in Kurdistan. Sketches drawn by 36 children were then analysed to identify children’s perceptions of the Waterfront. Unlike conventional methods in which children’s demands are determined through caregivers, this study focuses on engagement with children. Results indicate that two main factors of actualised environmental affordances (AEA) and safety-conscious parenting practices (SPP) have a significant influence on children’s freedom of movement (CFM) and consequently children’s activities in public spaces.

ACS Style

Soran Mansournia; Bakhtiar Bahrami; Leila Mahmoudi Farahani; Farshid Aram. Understanding children’s perceptions and activities in urban public spaces: The case study of Zrêbar Lake Waterfront in Kurdistan. Urban Studies 2020, 58, 372 -388.

AMA Style

Soran Mansournia, Bakhtiar Bahrami, Leila Mahmoudi Farahani, Farshid Aram. Understanding children’s perceptions and activities in urban public spaces: The case study of Zrêbar Lake Waterfront in Kurdistan. Urban Studies. 2020; 58 (2):372-388.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Soran Mansournia; Bakhtiar Bahrami; Leila Mahmoudi Farahani; Farshid Aram. 2020. "Understanding children’s perceptions and activities in urban public spaces: The case study of Zrêbar Lake Waterfront in Kurdistan." Urban Studies 58, no. 2: 372-388.

Conference paper
Published: 14 January 2020 in Inventive Computation and Information Technologies
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Deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) methods have recently contributed to the advancement of models in the various aspects of prediction, planning, and uncertainty analysis of smart cities and urban development. This paper presents the state of the art of DL and ML methods used in this realm. Through a novel taxonomy, the advances in model development and new application domains in urban sustainability and smart cities are presented. Findings reveal that five DL and ML methods have been most applied to address the different aspects of smart cities. These are artificial neural networks; support vector machines; decision trees; ensembles, Bayesians, hybrids, and neuro-fuzzy; and deep learning. It is also disclosed that energy, health, and urban transport are the main domains of smart cities that DL and ML methods contributed in to address their problems.

ACS Style

Saeed Nosratabadi; Amir Mosavi; Ramin Keivani; Sina Ardabili; Farshid Aram. State of the Art Survey of Deep Learning and Machine Learning Models for Smart Cities and Urban Sustainability. Inventive Computation and Information Technologies 2020, 228 -238.

AMA Style

Saeed Nosratabadi, Amir Mosavi, Ramin Keivani, Sina Ardabili, Farshid Aram. State of the Art Survey of Deep Learning and Machine Learning Models for Smart Cities and Urban Sustainability. Inventive Computation and Information Technologies. 2020; ():228-238.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saeed Nosratabadi; Amir Mosavi; Ramin Keivani; Sina Ardabili; Farshid Aram. 2020. "State of the Art Survey of Deep Learning and Machine Learning Models for Smart Cities and Urban Sustainability." Inventive Computation and Information Technologies , no. : 228-238.

Articles
Published: 01 January 2020 in Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics
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The effect of urban form on energy consumption has been the subject of various studies around the world. Having examined the effect of buildings on energy consumption, these studies indicate that the physical form of a city has a notable impact on the amount of energy consumed in its spaces. The present study identified the variables that affected energy consumption in residential buildings and analyzed their effects on energy consumption in four neighborhoods in Tehran: Apadana, Bimeh, Ekbatan-phase I, and Ekbatan-phase II. After extracting the variables, their effects are estimated with statistical methods, and the results are compared with the land surface temperature (LST) remote sensing data derived from Landsat 8 satellite images taken in the winter of 2019. The results showed that physical variables, such as the size of buildings, population density, vegetation cover, texture concentration, and surface color, have the greatest impacts on energy usage. For the Apadana neighborhood, the factors with the most potent effect on energy consumption were found to be the size of buildings and the population density. However, for other neighborhoods, in addition to these two factors, a third factor was also recognized to have a significant effect on energy consumption. This third factor for the Bimeh, Ekbatan-I, and Ekbatan-II neighborhoods was the type of buildings, texture concentration, and orientation of buildings, respectively.

ACS Style

Maryam Faroughi; Mehrdad Karimimoshaver; Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Amir Mosavi; Narjes Nabipour; Kwok-Wing Chau. Computational modeling of land surface temperature using remote sensing data to investigate the spatial arrangement of buildings and energy consumption relationship. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics 2020, 14, 254 -270.

AMA Style

Maryam Faroughi, Mehrdad Karimimoshaver, Farshid Aram, Ebrahim Solgi, Amir Mosavi, Narjes Nabipour, Kwok-Wing Chau. Computational modeling of land surface temperature using remote sensing data to investigate the spatial arrangement of buildings and energy consumption relationship. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics. 2020; 14 (1):254-270.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maryam Faroughi; Mehrdad Karimimoshaver; Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Amir Mosavi; Narjes Nabipour; Kwok-Wing Chau. 2020. "Computational modeling of land surface temperature using remote sensing data to investigate the spatial arrangement of buildings and energy consumption relationship." Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics 14, no. 1: 254-270.

Journal article
Published: 15 October 2019 in Energies
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This empirical study investigates large urban park cooling effects on the thermal comfort of occupants in the vicinity of the main central park, located in Madrid, Spain. Data were gathered during hot summer days, using mobile observations and a questionnaire. The results showed that the cooling effect of this urban park of 125 ha area at a distance of 150 m could reduce air temperatures by an average of 0.63 °C and 1.28 °C for distances of 380 m and 665 meters from the park. Moreover, the degree of the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) index at a distance of 150 meters from the park is on average 2 °C PET and 2.3 °C PET less compared to distances of 380 m and 665 m, respectively. Considering the distance from the park, the correlation between occupant perceived thermal comfort (PTC) and PET is inverse. That is, augmenting the distance from the park increases PET, while the extent of PTC reduces accordingly. The correlation between these two factors at the nearest and furthest distances from the park is meaningful (p-value < 0.05). The results also showed that large-scale urban parks generally play a significant part in creating a cognitive state of high-perceived thermal comfort spaces for residents.

ACS Style

Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Ester Higueras García; Amir Mosavi; Annamária R. Várkonyi-Kóczy. The Cooling Effect of Large-Scale Urban Parks on Surrounding Area Thermal Comfort. Energies 2019, 12, 3904 .

AMA Style

Farshid Aram, Ebrahim Solgi, Ester Higueras García, Amir Mosavi, Annamária R. Várkonyi-Kóczy. The Cooling Effect of Large-Scale Urban Parks on Surrounding Area Thermal Comfort. Energies. 2019; 12 (20):3904.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farshid Aram; Ebrahim Solgi; Ester Higueras García; Amir Mosavi; Annamária R. Várkonyi-Kóczy. 2019. "The Cooling Effect of Large-Scale Urban Parks on Surrounding Area Thermal Comfort." Energies 12, no. 20: 3904.