The aim of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and its possible alternative use for the treatment for mastitis in sheep

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of intramammary infusion of sage (Salvia officinalis) essential oil (EO) on milk somatic cell count (SCC), milk composition parameters and selected hematology and serum biochemical parameters in 20 Awassi ewes affected with subclinical mastitis

The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic relatedness, antibiogram and virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolated from bovine mastitis, associated farm workers, dairy cow farm veterinarians (private veterinarians), veterinary students, and non-veterinary university students. A total of 84 S. aureus isolates (27 from mastitis, 11 from farm workers, 9 from private veterinarians, 22 from veterinary students, and 16 from non-veterinary university students) were used to determine antimicrobial sensitivity patterns using disk diffusion test, virulence factors using PCR technique and phylogenic analysis using pulsed field gel electrophoresis. All S. aureus isolates were resistant to 2 or more commonly used antibiotics. All isolates from mastitis, farm workers, and veterinary students carried the genes encoding coagulase and thermonuclease factors while isolates from non-veterinary university students carried the genes encoding coagulase, clumping, and thermonuclease factors. The mecA gene was detected in 22.2%, 81.8%, 100%, 95.5% and 100% of isolates from mastitis, farm workers, private veterinarians, veterinary students, and non-veterinary university students, respectively. In the phylogenic analysis, 10 (45.5%), 6 (66.7%) and 8 (72.7%) isolates from veterinary students, private veterinarians and farm workers, respectively were more than 80% similar to isolates from mastitis. Results of this study indicate that S. aureus isolates from mastitis milk and those from related dairy cow personnel and veterinarians share similar antimicrobial sensitivity patterns and virulence factors, therefore a common source of bacteria may exist. Furthermore, possible transmission of S. aureus between cows and cow-related personnel and vice versa could also exist.

Background and Aim: In many developing countries, infectious and non-infectious diseases remain a major hurdle in achieving satisfactory status related to animal health, productivity, and welfare. In Jordan, there are no comprehensive reports describing the most common diseases involving different body systems in different age groups of cattle. Therefore, this retrospective study was designed to report the frequencies of various infectious and non-infectious diseases and their distribution according to sex, age, and body system in cattle in Jordan. Materials and Methods: Case medical records of cattle presented for clinical evaluation to the Veterinary Health Center of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at Jordan University of Science and Technology between January 2015 and December 2021 were used in this study. The data were categorized based on sex (female vs. male), body system involved in the disease process, nature of the disease process (infectious vs. non-infectious), and age (pre-weaning [<2 months of age], 2 months–2 years of age, and older than 2 years of age). Descriptive analysis was performed to report the frequencies, averages, and range values using Excel spreadsheets. Results: Medical records of 513 cattle cases were used in the study. All cattle belonged to the Holstein-Friesian dairy breed. The majority of cases were female (91%). The age of animals ranged between 1 day and 8 years. According to age groups, there were 52%, 27%, and 16% of cases older than 2 years, 2 months–2 years, and pre-weaning (<2 months), respectively. Among males and females, the majority of cases were diagnosed with gastrointestinal diseases (30%), followed by udder/teat diseases (18%), reproductive and obstetrical diseases (16%), and respiratory diseases (11%). Other body systems involved in disease processes were metabolic (7%), musculoskeletal (6%), cardiovascular/circulatory (4%), multiple systems (3%), nervous (2%), ear/eye (2%), and skin (1%). Conclusion: Results of this study provide valuable information on the most likely diagnostic list of diseases involving various body systems of different age groups in cattle in Jordan. This information could serve as a clinical guideline for field diagnosis of cattle diseases and provide an accurate estimate of the current status of cattle welfare, health, and husbandry practices in Jordan.

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the possible association between values of certain serum biochemical parameters and seropositivity against Anaplasma marginale in dairy cows. Materials and Methods: Serum samples from 60 seropositive and 40 seronegative cows were used to determine the values of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), glucose, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) using commercially available kits and reagents. The serostatus of cows against A. marginale was determined using a commercially available cellular enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Significant differences in serum biochemical values between seropositive and seronegative groups were evaluated using independent Student's t-test. Possible associations between the serostatus of the cows and different biochemical parameters were evaluated using univariate followed by multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: There was a statistically significant increase (p≤0.05) in values of total protein, BHB, LDH, and AST in seropositive cows compared to seronegative cows while a non-significant increase in values of ALP, ALT, and GGT was detected in seropositive cows. A strong correlation (R=0.69) between serum levels of BHB, LDH, and AST and seropositivity against A. marginale was detected. Conclusion: There is evidence of a possible association between A. marginale infection and liver damage/hepatic fatty degeneration in dairy cows. Further studies, however, are required to elucidate the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of this relationship.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of using a commercially-available polyvalent mastitis vaccine on the bacteriological cure rate of existing subclinical mastitis in Awassi sheep