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Fayaz Hussain
Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan

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Journal article
Published: 03 June 2021 in Coatings
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(1 − x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–xBi(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3 ceramics with x = 0.00 mol.% (0BMN), 0.01 mol.% (1BMN), 0.03 mol.% (3BMN), and 0.05 mol.% (5BMN) were synthesized using a solid-state processing technique. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of uncalcined samples up to 730 °C showed that the maximum weight loss was observed for 3BMN, whereas the minimum weight loss was attributed to the 0BMN sample. After that, calcination was performed at 800 °C for 4 h. The XRD of calcined samples showed the successful formation of the perovskite phase with no impurity phases. 1BMN and 3BMN samples showed some of the lattice strain; however, a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) existed around x = 0.03 between the rhombohedral and tetragonal structure. The TGA of the green pellets showed weight loss up to the sintering temperature (1100 °C) and during the 3 h holding period. 5BMN showed the maximum weight loss up to sintering temperature, as well as during the holding period, whereas 0BMN displayed the minimum weight loss up to sintering temperature, as well as some weight gain during the holding period. The relative permittivity (εr) was maximum at low frequencies, but the addition of BMN improved the εr. The frequency dependence of dielectric loss (tanδ) showed that the maximum loss was observed for 3BMN at lower frequencies, and 5BMN showed the maximum loss at higher frequency among all samples.

ACS Style

Syed Afzal; Fayaz Hussain; Sajid Siyal; Muhammad Javed; Muhammad Saleem; Muhammad Imran; Mohammed Assiri; Aboud Bahajjaj; Ayman Ghfar; Murefah Al-Anazy; Mohamed Ouladsmane; Saad Al-Tamrah; Shafaqat Ali. Weight Loss during Calcination and Sintering Process of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–Bi1/2(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3 Composite Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics. Coatings 2021, 11, 676 .

AMA Style

Syed Afzal, Fayaz Hussain, Sajid Siyal, Muhammad Javed, Muhammad Saleem, Muhammad Imran, Mohammed Assiri, Aboud Bahajjaj, Ayman Ghfar, Murefah Al-Anazy, Mohamed Ouladsmane, Saad Al-Tamrah, Shafaqat Ali. Weight Loss during Calcination and Sintering Process of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–Bi1/2(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3 Composite Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics. Coatings. 2021; 11 (6):676.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed Afzal; Fayaz Hussain; Sajid Siyal; Muhammad Javed; Muhammad Saleem; Muhammad Imran; Mohammed Assiri; Aboud Bahajjaj; Ayman Ghfar; Murefah Al-Anazy; Mohamed Ouladsmane; Saad Al-Tamrah; Shafaqat Ali. 2021. "Weight Loss during Calcination and Sintering Process of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–Bi1/2(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3 Composite Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics." Coatings 11, no. 6: 676.

Journal article
Published: 19 February 2021 in Journal of Luminescence
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Green-emitting, apatite structure of Ca4-yLa6(AlO4)x(SiO4)6-xO1-x/2: yEu2+ was synthesized by using the high-temperature solid-state method under reducing atmosphere (90%N2–10%H2). Corresponding to the Eu2+ of 4f65 d1→4f7 transition at the excitation wavelength of 335 nm, a broadband emission of 450–700 nm showed. Eu2+ lattice selection in Ca4-yLa6(AlO4)x(SiO4)6-xO1-x/2: yEu2+ phosphor were discussed conjunction with apatite crystal structure characteristics. The design of (AlO4)5-/(SiO4)4- various ratios and Eu2+ doping concentration improved the Eu2+ luminous intensity and the red-shift of optical emission spectra. Energy transfer between the two luminescent centers of Eu(I) and Eu (II) happened, and clearly distinguished by photoluminescence decay curves monitored at 480 nm and 560 nm with the average-lifetime (τ) of Eu(I) are 240.5 ns, Eu (II) are 405.3 ns, respectively. The temperature-dependent emissions along with blue-shift phenomenon were addressed through the transition process of energy level. Eu(I) and Eu(II) lattice sites.

ACS Style

Haojun Qian; Chenli Fan; Fayaz Hussain; Kaixin Song; Xinjiang Luo; Weitao Su; Huanping Wang; Qingming Huang; Liu Yang. Energy transfer between two luminescent centers and photoluminescent properties of Ca4-yLa6(AlO4) (SiO4)6-O1-/2: yEu2+apatite structure phosphors. Journal of Luminescence 2021, 235, 117991 .

AMA Style

Haojun Qian, Chenli Fan, Fayaz Hussain, Kaixin Song, Xinjiang Luo, Weitao Su, Huanping Wang, Qingming Huang, Liu Yang. Energy transfer between two luminescent centers and photoluminescent properties of Ca4-yLa6(AlO4) (SiO4)6-O1-/2: yEu2+apatite structure phosphors. Journal of Luminescence. 2021; 235 ():117991.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haojun Qian; Chenli Fan; Fayaz Hussain; Kaixin Song; Xinjiang Luo; Weitao Su; Huanping Wang; Qingming Huang; Liu Yang. 2021. "Energy transfer between two luminescent centers and photoluminescent properties of Ca4-yLa6(AlO4) (SiO4)6-O1-/2: yEu2+apatite structure phosphors." Journal of Luminescence 235, no. : 117991.

Journal article
Published: 16 December 2020 in Carbohydrate Research
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Fructan based biopolymers have been extensively characterized and explored for their potential applications. Linear chained biopolymers, like levan-type fructan, have gained attention because they have exhibited unconventional stretchable and unbendable properties along with biodegradable and biocompatible nature. Current study deals with the chemical characterization and cytotoxic analysis of fructose based exopolysaccharide that was extracellularly produced by an indigenously isolated bacterial species (Zymomonas mobilis KIBGE-IB14). Maximum yield of exopolysaccharide (44.7 gL-1) was attained after 72 hours of incubation at 30°C under shaking conditions (180 rpm) when the culture medium was supplemented with 150.0 gL-1 of sucrose as a sole carbon source. This exopolysaccharide displayed high water solubility index (96.0 %) with low water holding capacity (17.0 %) and an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.447 dL g-1. This biopolymer exhibited a characteristic linear homopolysaccharide structure of levan when characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (1H, 13C, TOCSY and NOESY) while, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) revealed its pointed and thorny structure. The decomposition temperature of levan was approximately 245°C as revealed by Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) results revealed its amorphous nature with crystalline phase. Cytotoxicity of different concentrations of levan was investigated against mouse fibroblast cell lines by measuring their cellular metabolic activity and it was noticed that a higher concentration of levan (2.0 mg ml-1) permitted the normal cell growth of NIH/3T3 cell lines. This non-cytotoxic and biocompatible nature suggests that this levan has the capability to be utilized in food and drug-based formulations as it exhibited biomedical potential.

ACS Style

Rabeeya Iftikhar; Asma Ansari; Nadir Naveed Siddiqui; Fayaz Hussain; Afsheen Aman. Structural elucidation and cytotoxic analysis of a fructan based biopolymer produced extracellularly by Zymomonas mobilis KIBGE-IB14. Carbohydrate Research 2020, 499, 108223 .

AMA Style

Rabeeya Iftikhar, Asma Ansari, Nadir Naveed Siddiqui, Fayaz Hussain, Afsheen Aman. Structural elucidation and cytotoxic analysis of a fructan based biopolymer produced extracellularly by Zymomonas mobilis KIBGE-IB14. Carbohydrate Research. 2020; 499 ():108223.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rabeeya Iftikhar; Asma Ansari; Nadir Naveed Siddiqui; Fayaz Hussain; Afsheen Aman. 2020. "Structural elucidation and cytotoxic analysis of a fructan based biopolymer produced extracellularly by Zymomonas mobilis KIBGE-IB14." Carbohydrate Research 499, no. : 108223.

Original research article
Published: 08 July 2020 in Frontiers in Materials
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B-site doping in potassium sodium niobate (KNN) with Mn2+ (M⁢nNb″′) and Ti4+ (T⁢iNb′) dopants were soluble but prevented KNN from achieving a high relative density, while Sn4+ (S⁢nNb′) was not soluble in the structure as evidenced by second phase peaks in X-ray diffraction (XRD) traces. However, SnO2 was an effective sintering aid in KNN-50/50. A-site doping with Sr2+ (S⁢r(Na,K)⋅) up to 1 mol% initially improved dielectric properties but higher sintering temperatures were required for compositions with >1 mol% Sr. Samples with 5% and 7% of Sr-doping completely shifted the transition of TO–T to below RT and broadened the TC peaks as the relaxor. All Ti-doped and Sr-doped compositions showed an increase in conductivity, manifested as high values of dielectric loss (tanδ). More than 1% of acceptor and donor dopants showed the ionic-type conduction mechanism, while 1% displayed the electronic mechanism as attributed from the strongly frequency-dependent tanδ. In conclusion, these samples have the potential to open up new applications in the field of electroceramics.

ACS Style

Fayaz Hussain; Amir Khesro; Zhilun Lu; Nouf Alotaibi; Ahmad Azmin Mohamad; Ge Wang; Dawei Wang; Di Zhou. Acceptor and Donor Dopants in Potassium Sodium Niobate Based Ceramics. Frontiers in Materials 2020, 7, 1 .

AMA Style

Fayaz Hussain, Amir Khesro, Zhilun Lu, Nouf Alotaibi, Ahmad Azmin Mohamad, Ge Wang, Dawei Wang, Di Zhou. Acceptor and Donor Dopants in Potassium Sodium Niobate Based Ceramics. Frontiers in Materials. 2020; 7 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fayaz Hussain; Amir Khesro; Zhilun Lu; Nouf Alotaibi; Ahmad Azmin Mohamad; Ge Wang; Dawei Wang; Di Zhou. 2020. "Acceptor and Donor Dopants in Potassium Sodium Niobate Based Ceramics." Frontiers in Materials 7, no. : 1.

Original research article
Published: 22 April 2020 in Frontiers in Materials
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The replacement of lead zirconate titanate ceramics (PZTs), with a lead-oxide (PbO)-free alternative is the subject of intense investigation worldwide. In this research, a cheap reliable methodology for the fabrication of multilayers (MLs) of lead-free potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-based ceramics is presented without the need for vacuuming and/or hot isostatic pressing of the tape. The thickness per active layer was 193 μm and 102 μm for the 10 and 16 layer MLs actuators, respectively. Effective d33 (piezoelectric coefficient), effective d33∗ (electrostrain coefficient), bi-polar strain (Smax), max displacement, dielectric constant (ϵr) and loss (tanδ) are 2500 pC/N, 4604 pm/V, 0.17%, 2.2 μm, 1812 and 2% at 1 kHz, respectively, where the effective d33 or d33∗ is the total output of all layers together. The ultimate target materials for potential substitution with KNN-based ceramics and MLs are commercial PZT-4 and PZT-8.

ACS Style

Fayaz Hussain; Amir Khesro; Zhilun Lu; Ge Wang; Dawei Wang. Lead Free Multilayer Piezoelectric Actuators by Economically New Approach. Frontiers in Materials 2020, 7, 1 .

AMA Style

Fayaz Hussain, Amir Khesro, Zhilun Lu, Ge Wang, Dawei Wang. Lead Free Multilayer Piezoelectric Actuators by Economically New Approach. Frontiers in Materials. 2020; 7 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fayaz Hussain; Amir Khesro; Zhilun Lu; Ge Wang; Dawei Wang. 2020. "Lead Free Multilayer Piezoelectric Actuators by Economically New Approach." Frontiers in Materials 7, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 08 April 2020 in Journal of the European Ceramic Society
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Herein, the x(NaBi)0.5MoO4-(1-x)Bi2/3MoO4 (xNBM-(1-x)BMO, x = 0.2 ∼ 0.8) microwave dielectric ceramics with low sintering temperatures were prepared via the traditional solid-state method to adjust the τf value and dielectric constant. The crystal structure was determined using X-Ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, the microstructure was investigated using scanning electron micrograph and energy disperse spectroscopy, and the dielectric properties were studied using a network analyser and infrared spectroscopy. For the xNBM-(1-x)BMO composite ceramics, the (NaBi)0.5MoO4 tetragonal phase coexisted with the Bi2/3MoO4 monoclinic phase. With the rise of x value, the permittivity increased from 23.7–29.8, and the τf value shifited from -53.3 ppm/°C to -13.7 ppm/°C. The 0.8NBM-0.2BMO ceramic sintered at 680 °C possessed excellent microwave dielectric properties with a εr = 29.8 (6.7 GHz), a Qf = 11,800 GHz, and a τf = -13.7 ppm/°C. These results made the xNBM-(1-x)BMO composite ceramics great candidates in low temperature co-fired ceramics technology.

ACS Style

Shu-Zhao Hao; Di Zhou; Fayaz Hussain; Wen-Feng Liu; Jin-Zhan Su; Da-Wei Wang; Qiu-Ping Wang; Ze-Ming Qi; Charanjeet Singh; Sergei Trukhanov. Structure, spectral analysis and microwave dielectric properties of novel x(NaBi)0.5MoO4-(1-x)Bi2/3MoO4 (x = 0.2 ∼ 0.8) ceramics with low sintering temperatures. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 2020, 40, 3569 -3576.

AMA Style

Shu-Zhao Hao, Di Zhou, Fayaz Hussain, Wen-Feng Liu, Jin-Zhan Su, Da-Wei Wang, Qiu-Ping Wang, Ze-Ming Qi, Charanjeet Singh, Sergei Trukhanov. Structure, spectral analysis and microwave dielectric properties of novel x(NaBi)0.5MoO4-(1-x)Bi2/3MoO4 (x = 0.2 ∼ 0.8) ceramics with low sintering temperatures. Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 2020; 40 (10):3569-3576.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shu-Zhao Hao; Di Zhou; Fayaz Hussain; Wen-Feng Liu; Jin-Zhan Su; Da-Wei Wang; Qiu-Ping Wang; Ze-Ming Qi; Charanjeet Singh; Sergei Trukhanov. 2020. "Structure, spectral analysis and microwave dielectric properties of novel x(NaBi)0.5MoO4-(1-x)Bi2/3MoO4 (x = 0.2 ∼ 0.8) ceramics with low sintering temperatures." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 40, no. 10: 3569-3576.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2019 in Journal of Alloys and Compounds
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A novel dielectric ceramic {(Ba1–xCex)(Ti1–x/2Mgx/2)O3, x = 0.06, BCTM6} with excellent temperature stability (−55 to 65 °C, TCC ≤ ±3.3%, ε′RT ∼ 2242, tan δ < 0.023) was developed for X4D capacitors. Phase structure was found to transfer from tetragonal to cubic phase with increasing x and the solubility limitation of Ce/Mg was determined to be 0.10 by X-ray diffraction (XRD) for (Ba1–xCex)(Ti1–x/2Mgx/2)O3. The formation of 2CeBa•−MgTi'' dipoles was believed to be responsible for the elimination of oxygen vacancies, leading to the low dielectric loss of BCTM6. An electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal at g ∼ 1.98 suggested the ionization of Ba vacancies in (Ba1–xMgx)(Ti1–yCey)O3 (BMTC), indicative of the amphoteric behavior of Mg2+.

ACS Style

Dandan Han; Changhao Wang; Dayong Lu; Fayaz Hussain; Dawei Wang; Fanling Meng. A temperature stable (Ba1–Ce )(Ti1–/2Mg/2)O3 lead-free ceramic for X4D capacitors. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2019, 821, 153480 .

AMA Style

Dandan Han, Changhao Wang, Dayong Lu, Fayaz Hussain, Dawei Wang, Fanling Meng. A temperature stable (Ba1–Ce )(Ti1–/2Mg/2)O3 lead-free ceramic for X4D capacitors. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2019; 821 ():153480.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dandan Han; Changhao Wang; Dayong Lu; Fayaz Hussain; Dawei Wang; Fanling Meng. 2019. "A temperature stable (Ba1–Ce )(Ti1–/2Mg/2)O3 lead-free ceramic for X4D capacitors." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 821, no. : 153480.

Accepted manuscript
Published: 01 September 2019 in Materials Research Express
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XANd4Ti5O17–(1-x)Ca5LaTi4NbO17 (A = Ca, Sr; x = 0, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7) and 0.75ANd4Ti5O17–0.25Ca0.6La0.267TiO3 (A = Ca, Sr) ceramics were processed via solid state sintering route. Phase analysis of the samples revealed that both phases remained un-reacted and were present in the solid solution. Microstructural analysis of the Sr-based samples showed porosity in the samples which significantly influenced the relative permittivity and quality factor of the sintered product. SrNd4Ti5O17 (SNT) and CaNd4Ti5O17 (CNT) exhibited r = 41, Q׃ᴏ = 10698 GHz and f = -119 ppm/°C, and r = 42, Q׃ᴏ = 118260 GHz and f = -125 ppm/°C, respectively. f of these samples was tuned by making their solid solution with Ca5LaTi4NbO17 (CLTN) and Ca0.6La0.267TiO3 (CLT), having high positive f, previously reported by the author. A good combination of microwave dielectric properties was achieved for the 0.7SNT–0.3CLTN sample i.e. r = 50, Q׃ᴏ = 4953 GHz and f = -10 ppm/°C. In the case of 0.7CNT–0.3CLTN, r = 46 and Q׃ᴏ = 5801 GHz were observed but had a relatively low f = -54 ppm/°C. Similarly, 0.75SNT–0.25CLT and 0.75CNT–0.25CLT ceramics exhibited r = 45.6 and 44, Q׃ᴏ = 6320 and 6234 GHz, f = +12 and -15 ppm/°C, respectively.

ACS Style

Raz Muhammad; Sohail Khan; Fayaz Hussain; Amir Khesro. Phase evolution and microwave dielectric properties of (Ca/Sr)Nd4Ti5O17–based ceramic systems. Materials Research Express 2019, 6, 116304 .

AMA Style

Raz Muhammad, Sohail Khan, Fayaz Hussain, Amir Khesro. Phase evolution and microwave dielectric properties of (Ca/Sr)Nd4Ti5O17–based ceramic systems. Materials Research Express. 2019; 6 (11):116304.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raz Muhammad; Sohail Khan; Fayaz Hussain; Amir Khesro. 2019. "Phase evolution and microwave dielectric properties of (Ca/Sr)Nd4Ti5O17–based ceramic systems." Materials Research Express 6, no. 11: 116304.

Accepted manuscript
Published: 21 August 2019 in Materials Research Express
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K.51Na.49Nb1-xTaxO3 (0.05≤x≤0.30) ceramics were prepared using a conventional solid-state sintering route. XRD of this system showed the crystal structure shifted gradually from orthorhombic to tetragonal phase. SEM images revealed that grain morphology remained the same in all compounds. At room temperature, relative permittivity has its highest value at x=0.20, while tan remained less than 5% for all compositions at 100 kHz. For x > 0.05, double peaks were observed in relative permittivity vs temperature data. Saturated and symmetrical ferroelectric loops were obtained at an applied electric field of 60kV/cm. Remnant polarization (Pr) decreased with increasing x, however coercive field (Ec) was almost independent of composition. Isovalent doping of Ta5+ (〖Ta〗_Nb^x) marginally improved d33 at low concentrations (i.e., maximum d33=135pC/N, at x=0.10). However, the broadening of peaks observed in dielectric data due to inhomogeneity may open new applications in microwave dielectrics or relaxor type applications in smart ceramics.

ACS Style

Fayaz Hussain; Amir Khesro; Raz Muhammad; Dawei Wang. Effect of Ta-doping on functional properties of K0.51Na0.49NbO3. Materials Research Express 2019, 6, 106309 .

AMA Style

Fayaz Hussain, Amir Khesro, Raz Muhammad, Dawei Wang. Effect of Ta-doping on functional properties of K0.51Na0.49NbO3. Materials Research Express. 2019; 6 (10):106309.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fayaz Hussain; Amir Khesro; Raz Muhammad; Dawei Wang. 2019. "Effect of Ta-doping on functional properties of K0.51Na0.49NbO3." Materials Research Express 6, no. 10: 106309.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2019 in July 2021
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Cu2O (Cuprous Oxide) is usually produced using expensive electrodes such as platinum, graphite, etc. In the present study, it is shown that Cu2O nanostructures can be synthesized by electrolysis using copper as both anode and cathode. In the present study, the effect of electrolyte pH on the morphology of the Cu2O nanostructures was studied. For this, the copper electrodes of 99.99% purity with 3x3x0.3 mm dimensions were dipped in the electrolytes of simple distilled and double distilled water and connected with the external power source. The synthesized products were analyzed using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscope) and UV spectroscope. Results showed that Cu2O nanostructures of 67 and 150 nm size were developed when the pH of electrolyte was 6.4 and 5.7 respectively, otherwise not. From the course of experiments conducted in this work it is noted that pH play vital role in the production of Cu2O nanoparticles using simple electrolysis technique.

ACS Style

Danial Ahmad; Fayaz Hussain; Humair Siddiqui; Muhammad Yasir. Synthesis of Cuprous Oxide Nano Cubes and Platelets Using Both Electrodes of Copper. July 2021 2019, 38, 415 -420.

AMA Style

Danial Ahmad, Fayaz Hussain, Humair Siddiqui, Muhammad Yasir. Synthesis of Cuprous Oxide Nano Cubes and Platelets Using Both Electrodes of Copper. July 2021. 2019; 38 (2):415-420.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Danial Ahmad; Fayaz Hussain; Humair Siddiqui; Muhammad Yasir. 2019. "Synthesis of Cuprous Oxide Nano Cubes and Platelets Using Both Electrodes of Copper." July 2021 38, no. 2: 415-420.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Journal of the European Ceramic Society
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Potassium sodium niobate (KNN) is a potential candidate to replace lead zirconate titanate in sensor and actuator applications but there are many fundamental science and materials processing issues to be understood before it can be used commercially, including the influence of composition and processing atmosphere on the conduction mechanisms and functional properties. Consequently, KNN pellets with different K/Na ratios were sintered to 95% relative density in air and N2 using a conventional mixed oxide route. Oxygen vacancies (VO••) played a major role in the semi-conduction mechanism in low p(O2) for all compositions. Impedance spectroscopy and thermo-power data confirmed KNN to be n-type in low p(O2) in contradiction to previous reports of p-type behaviour. The best piezoelectric properties were observed for air- rather than N2-sintered samples with d33 = 125 pC/N and kp = 0.38 obtained for K0.51Na0.49NbO3.

ACS Style

Fayaz Hussain; Iasmi Sterianou; Amir Khesro; Derek C. Sinclair; Ian M. Reaney. p-Type/n-type behaviour and functional properties of KxNa(1-x)NbO3 (0.49 ≤ x ≤ 0.51) sintered in air and N2. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 2018, 38, 3118 -3126.

AMA Style

Fayaz Hussain, Iasmi Sterianou, Amir Khesro, Derek C. Sinclair, Ian M. Reaney. p-Type/n-type behaviour and functional properties of KxNa(1-x)NbO3 (0.49 ≤ x ≤ 0.51) sintered in air and N2. Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 2018; 38 (9):3118-3126.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fayaz Hussain; Iasmi Sterianou; Amir Khesro; Derek C. Sinclair; Ian M. Reaney. 2018. "p-Type/n-type behaviour and functional properties of KxNa(1-x)NbO3 (0.49 ≤ x ≤ 0.51) sintered in air and N2." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 38, no. 9: 3118-3126.

Original article
Published: 11 October 2016 in Journal of the American Ceramic Society
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Lead‐free piezoceramics with the composition (1−x)(K1−yNay)NbO3‐x(Bi1/2Na1/2)ZrO3 (KNyN‐xBNZ) were prepared using a conventional solid‐state route. X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and dielectric measurements as a function of temperature indicated the coexistence of rhombohedral (R) and tetragonal (T) phase, typical of a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) as the BNZ concentration increased and by adjusting the K/Na ratio. High remnant polarization (Pr=24 μC/cm2), piezoelectric coefficient (d33=320 pC/N), effective piezocoefficient ({d_{33}^*}=420 pm/V), coupling coefficient (kp=48%), and high strain (S=0.168%) were obtained at room temperature, but significant deterioration of Pr, {d_{33}^*}, and kp were observed by increasing from room temperature to 160°C (17.5 μC/cm2, 338 pm/V, and 32%, respectively) associated with a transition to a purely T phase. Despite these compositions showing promise for room‐temperature applications, the deterioration in properties as a function of increasing temperature poses challenges for device design and remains to be resolved.

ACS Style

Dawei Wang; Fayaz Hussain; Amir Khesro; Antonio Feteira; Ye Tian; Quanliang Zhao; Ian M. Reaney. Composition and temperature dependence of structure and piezoelectricity in (1−x)(K1−yNay)NbO3-x(Bi1/2Na1/2)ZrO3lead-free ceramics. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 2016, 100, 627 -637.

AMA Style

Dawei Wang, Fayaz Hussain, Amir Khesro, Antonio Feteira, Ye Tian, Quanliang Zhao, Ian M. Reaney. Composition and temperature dependence of structure and piezoelectricity in (1−x)(K1−yNay)NbO3-x(Bi1/2Na1/2)ZrO3lead-free ceramics. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2016; 100 (2):627-637.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dawei Wang; Fayaz Hussain; Amir Khesro; Antonio Feteira; Ye Tian; Quanliang Zhao; Ian M. Reaney. 2016. "Composition and temperature dependence of structure and piezoelectricity in (1−x)(K1−yNay)NbO3-x(Bi1/2Na1/2)ZrO3lead-free ceramics." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 100, no. 2: 627-637.

Text
Published: 03 October 2016 in Applied Physics Letters
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Lead-free ceramics with the composition 0.91K1/2Bi1/2TiO3–0.09(0.82BiFeO3-0.15NdFeO3-0.03Nd2/3TiO3) were prepared using a conventional solid state, mixed oxide route. The ceramics exhibited a high strain of 0.16% at 6 kV mm−1, stable from room temperature to 175 °C, with a variation of <10%. The materials were fabricated into multilayer structures by co-firing with Pt internal electrodes. The prototype multilayer actuator exhibited constant strains up to 300 °C with a variation of ∼15%. The composition showed fatigue resistant behaviour in both monolithic and multilayer form after bipolar loading of 106 cycles.

ACS Style

Amir Khesro; Dawei Wang; Fayaz Hussain; Derek C. Sinclair; Antonio Feteira; Ian Reaney. Temperature stable and fatigue resistant lead-free ceramics for actuators. Applied Physics Letters 2016, 109, 142907 .

AMA Style

Amir Khesro, Dawei Wang, Fayaz Hussain, Derek C. Sinclair, Antonio Feteira, Ian Reaney. Temperature stable and fatigue resistant lead-free ceramics for actuators. Applied Physics Letters. 2016; 109 (14):142907.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amir Khesro; Dawei Wang; Fayaz Hussain; Derek C. Sinclair; Antonio Feteira; Ian Reaney. 2016. "Temperature stable and fatigue resistant lead-free ceramics for actuators." Applied Physics Letters 109, no. 14: 142907.