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Martin Finné
Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University, Box 626, 751 26, Uppsala, Sweden

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Journal article
Published: 06 May 2021 in Quaternary International
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Recent interest in modern climate change has stimulated extensive scientific study into past societal responses to climate variability. However, examining climate change and society as a historical narrative drawing upon politics, economics, and settlement patterns does not provide a direct link between climate and society. Given that most inhabitants of the premodern world engaged in agriculture and/or pastoralism, examining chronological correlations between climate and foodways, not as a historical narrative but as a longterm socioenvironmental process, has the potential to identify direct societal adaptations to a changing environment. From south Greece there is evidence for drier conditions at the end of the Late Bronze Age. Is the disappearance of writing, art, and many known settlements at the end of the Bronze Age an example of collapse in the face of inability to adapt to climate change? This is a difficult question to answer given the coarse resolution of many of our archaeological and climatic datasets. Settlement faunal records suggest that food production systems became increasingly homogenous in Late Bronze Age Greece, potentially due to an elite control over various production systems that promoted intensification of certain products. However, in the first millennium B.C.E., animal husbandry, specifically, and food production systems, more broadly, became more heterogenous, and a proportional increase in goats in areas with less rainfall was likely an adaptive response to the drier climate. This paper examines the adaptive relationship between foodways and climate and argues for a process driven approach when explaining social responses to ancient climate change.

ACS Style

Flint Dibble; Martin Finné. Socioenvironmental change as a process: Changing foodways as adaptation to climate change in South Greece from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age. Quaternary International 2021, 597, 50 -62.

AMA Style

Flint Dibble, Martin Finné. Socioenvironmental change as a process: Changing foodways as adaptation to climate change in South Greece from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age. Quaternary International. 2021; 597 ():50-62.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Flint Dibble; Martin Finné. 2021. "Socioenvironmental change as a process: Changing foodways as adaptation to climate change in South Greece from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age." Quaternary International 597, no. : 50-62.

Journal article
Published: 19 October 2020 in Antiquity
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Research on ancient Greek rural settlement and agricultural economies often emphasises political agency as a driving force behind landscape change, with comparatively less attention directed to the potential effects of climate. This study analyses climate variability and the spatial configuration of land use in the north-eastern Peloponnese during the Late Hellenistic and Roman (c. 150 BC–AD 300) periods. A synthesis of archaeological field survey data combined with new palaeoclimatological data provides novel insight into how changing climate influenced land use. The authors argue that although climatic variability alone did not drive socio-economic change, drying conditions may have influenced the relocation of agricultural production.

ACS Style

Anton Bonnier; Martin Finné. Climate variability and landscape dynamics in the Late Hellenistic and Roman north-eastern Peloponnese. Antiquity 2020, 94, 1482 -1500.

AMA Style

Anton Bonnier, Martin Finné. Climate variability and landscape dynamics in the Late Hellenistic and Roman north-eastern Peloponnese. Antiquity. 2020; 94 (378):1482-1500.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anton Bonnier; Martin Finné. 2020. "Climate variability and landscape dynamics in the Late Hellenistic and Roman north-eastern Peloponnese." Antiquity 94, no. 378: 1482-1500.

Journal article
Published: 20 August 2019 in Quaternary
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Continental records with absolute dates of the timing and progression of climatic conditions during the Last Interglacial (LIG) from northern Europe are rare. Speleothems from northern Europe have a large potential as archives for LIG environmental conditions since they were formed in sheltered environments and may be preserved beneath ice sheets. Here, we present δ13C and δ18O values from speleothem Kf-21, from Korallgrottan in Jämtland (northwest Sweden). Kf-21 is dated with five MC-ICPMS U-Th dates with errors smaller than ~1 ka. Kf-21 started forming at ~130.2 ka and the main growth phase with relatively constant growth rates lasted from 127.3 ka to 124.4 ka, after which calcite formation ceased. Both δ13C and δ18O show rapid shifts but also trends, with a range of values within their Holocene counterparts from Korallgrottan. Our results indicate an early onset of the LIG in northern Europe with ice-free conditions at ~130 ka. Higher growth rates combined with more negative δ18O values between ~127.3 and 126.8 ka, interpreted here as warmer and more humid conditions, as well as indications of a millennial-scale cold spell centered at 126.2 ka, resemble findings from speleothem records from other parts of Europe, highlighting that these were regional scale climatic patterns.

ACS Style

Martin Finné; Sakari Salonen; Norbert Frank; Karin F. Helmens; Andrea Schröder-Ritzrau; Michael Deininger; Steffen Holzkämper; Schröder- Ritzrau. Last Interglacial Climate in Northern Sweden—Insights from a Speleothem Record. Quaternary 2019, 2, 29 .

AMA Style

Martin Finné, Sakari Salonen, Norbert Frank, Karin F. Helmens, Andrea Schröder-Ritzrau, Michael Deininger, Steffen Holzkämper, Schröder- Ritzrau. Last Interglacial Climate in Northern Sweden—Insights from a Speleothem Record. Quaternary. 2019; 2 (3):29.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin Finné; Sakari Salonen; Norbert Frank; Karin F. Helmens; Andrea Schröder-Ritzrau; Michael Deininger; Steffen Holzkämper; Schröder- Ritzrau. 2019. "Last Interglacial Climate in Northern Sweden—Insights from a Speleothem Record." Quaternary 2, no. 3: 29.

Review article
Published: 27 March 2019 in Climate of the Past
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The Mediterranean region and the Levant have returned some of the clearest evidence of a climatically dry period occurring around 4200 years ago. However, some regional evidence is controversial and contradictory, and issues remain regarding timing, progression, and regional articulation of this event. In this paper, we review the evidence from selected proxies (sea-surface temperature, precipitation, and temperature reconstructed from pollen, δ18O on speleothems, and δ18O on lacustrine carbonate) over the Mediterranean Basin to infer possible regional climate patterns during the interval between 4.3 and 3.8 ka. The values and limitations of these proxies are discussed, and their potential for furnishing information on seasonality is also explored. Despite the chronological uncertainties, which are the main limitations for disentangling details of the climatic conditions, the data suggest that winter over the Mediterranean involved drier conditions, in addition to already dry summers. However, some exceptions to this prevail – where wetter conditions seem to have persisted – suggesting regional heterogeneity in climate patterns. Temperature data, even if sparse, also suggest a cooling anomaly, even if this is not uniform. The most common paradigm to interpret the precipitation regime in the Mediterranean – a North Atlantic Oscillation-like pattern – is not completely satisfactory to interpret the selected data.

ACS Style

Monica Bini; Giovanni Zanchetta; Aurel Perşoiu; Rosine Cartier; Albert Català; Isabel Cacho; Jonathan R. Dean; Federico Di Rita; Russell Drysdale; Martin Finné; Ilaria Isola; Bassem Jalali; Fabrizio Lirer; Donatella Magri; Alessia Masi; Leszek Marks; Anna Maria Mercuri; Odile Peyron; Laura Sadori; Marie-Alexandrine Sicre; Fabian Welc; Christoph Zielhofer; Elodie Brisset. The 4.2 ka BP Event in the Mediterranean region: an overview. Climate of the Past 2019, 15, 555 -577.

AMA Style

Monica Bini, Giovanni Zanchetta, Aurel Perşoiu, Rosine Cartier, Albert Català, Isabel Cacho, Jonathan R. Dean, Federico Di Rita, Russell Drysdale, Martin Finné, Ilaria Isola, Bassem Jalali, Fabrizio Lirer, Donatella Magri, Alessia Masi, Leszek Marks, Anna Maria Mercuri, Odile Peyron, Laura Sadori, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Fabian Welc, Christoph Zielhofer, Elodie Brisset. The 4.2 ka BP Event in the Mediterranean region: an overview. Climate of the Past. 2019; 15 (2):555-577.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monica Bini; Giovanni Zanchetta; Aurel Perşoiu; Rosine Cartier; Albert Català; Isabel Cacho; Jonathan R. Dean; Federico Di Rita; Russell Drysdale; Martin Finné; Ilaria Isola; Bassem Jalali; Fabrizio Lirer; Donatella Magri; Alessia Masi; Leszek Marks; Anna Maria Mercuri; Odile Peyron; Laura Sadori; Marie-Alexandrine Sicre; Fabian Welc; Christoph Zielhofer; Elodie Brisset. 2019. "The 4.2 ka BP Event in the Mediterranean region: an overview." Climate of the Past 15, no. 2: 555-577.

Articles
Published: 17 February 2019 in Journal of Field Archaeology
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The use of archaeological survey data for evaluation of landscape dynamics has commonly been concerned with the distribution of settlements and changes in number of recorded sites over time. Here we present a new quantitative approach to survey-based legacy data, which allows further assessments of the spatial configuration of possible land-use areas. Utilizing data from an intensive archaeological survey in the Berbati-Limnes area, Greece, we demonstrate how GIS-based kernel density estimations (KDE) can be used to produce cluster-based density surfaces that may be linked to past land-use strategies. By relating density surfaces to elevation and slope, it is also possible to quantify shifts in the use of specific environments on a regional scale, allowing us to model and visualize land-use dynamics over time. In this respect, the approach provides more multifaceted information to be drawn from archaeological legacy data, providing an extended platform for research on human-environment interactions.

ACS Style

Anton Bonnier; Martin Finné; Erika Weiberg. Examining Land-Use through GIS-Based Kernel Density Estimation: A Re-Evaluation of Legacy Data from the Berbati-Limnes Survey. Journal of Field Archaeology 2019, 44, 70 -83.

AMA Style

Anton Bonnier, Martin Finné, Erika Weiberg. Examining Land-Use through GIS-Based Kernel Density Estimation: A Re-Evaluation of Legacy Data from the Berbati-Limnes Survey. Journal of Field Archaeology. 2019; 44 (2):70-83.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anton Bonnier; Martin Finné; Erika Weiberg. 2019. "Examining Land-Use through GIS-Based Kernel Density Estimation: A Re-Evaluation of Legacy Data from the Berbati-Limnes Survey." Journal of Field Archaeology 44, no. 2: 70-83.

Research article
Published: 14 February 2019 in The Holocene
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As part of the Changing the Face of the Mediterranean Project, we consider how human pressure and concomitant erosion has affected a range of Mediterranean landscapes between the Neolithic and, in some cases, the post-medieval period. Part of this assessment comprises an investigation of relationships among palaeodemographic data, evidence for vegetation change and some consideration of rapid climate change events. The erosion data include recent or hitherto unpublished work from the authors. Where possible, we consider summed probabilities of 14C dates as well as the first published synthesis of all known optically stimulated luminescence dated sequences. The results suggest that while there were some periods when erosion took place contemporaneously across a number of regions, possibly induced by climate changes, more often than not, we see a complex and heterogeneous interplay of demographic and environmental changes that result in a mixed pattern of erosional activity across the Mediterranean.

ACS Style

Kevin Walsh; Jean-François Berger; C Neil Roberts; Boris Vannière; Matthieu Ghilardi; Antony G Brown; Jessie Woodbridge; Laurent Lespez; Joan Estrany; Arthur Glais; Alessio Palmisano; Martin Finné; Gert Verstraeten. Holocene demographic fluctuations, climate and erosion in the Mediterranean: A meta data-analysis. The Holocene 2019, 29, 864 -885.

AMA Style

Kevin Walsh, Jean-François Berger, C Neil Roberts, Boris Vannière, Matthieu Ghilardi, Antony G Brown, Jessie Woodbridge, Laurent Lespez, Joan Estrany, Arthur Glais, Alessio Palmisano, Martin Finné, Gert Verstraeten. Holocene demographic fluctuations, climate and erosion in the Mediterranean: A meta data-analysis. The Holocene. 2019; 29 (5):864-885.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kevin Walsh; Jean-François Berger; C Neil Roberts; Boris Vannière; Matthieu Ghilardi; Antony G Brown; Jessie Woodbridge; Laurent Lespez; Joan Estrany; Arthur Glais; Alessio Palmisano; Martin Finné; Gert Verstraeten. 2019. "Holocene demographic fluctuations, climate and erosion in the Mediterranean: A meta data-analysis." The Holocene 29, no. 5: 864-885.

Journal article
Published: 14 February 2019 in The Holocene
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Here we identify and analyze proxy data interpreted to reflect hydro-climatic variability over the last 10,000 years from the Mediterranean region to (1) outline millennial and multi-centennial-scale trends and (2) identify regional patterns of hydro-climatic variability. A total of 47 lake, cave, and marine records were transformed to z-scores to allow direct comparisons between sites, put on a common time scale, and binned into 200-year time slices. Six different regions were identified based on numerical and spatial analyzes of z-scores: S Iberia and Maghreb, N Iberia, Italy, the Balkans, Turkey, and the Levant, and the overall hydro-climate history of each region was reconstructed. N Iberia is largely decoupled from the five other regions throughout the Holocene. Wetter conditions occur in the five other regions between 8500 and 6100 yr BP. After 6000 yr BP, climate oscillated until around 3000 ± 300 yr BP, which seems to have been the overall driest period in the eastern Mediterranean and North Africa. In contrast, Italy and N Iberia seem to have remained wetter during this period. In addition, non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) was applied to 18 long, continuous climate z-score records that span the majority of the Holocene. nMDS axes 1 and 2 illustrate the main trends in the z-score data. The first axis captures a long-term development of drier condition in the Mediterranean from 7900 to 3700 yr BP. Rapid shifts occur in nMDS axis 2 at 6700–6300 BP, 4500–4300 BP, and 3500–3300 BP indicating centennial-scale climate change. Our synthesis highlights a dominant south/east versus north/west Mediterranean hydro-climate dipole throughout the Holocene and therefore confirms that there was no single climate trajectory characterizing the whole Mediterranean basin during the last 10 millennia.

ACS Style

Martin Finné; Jessie Woodbridge; Inga Labuhn; C Neil Roberts. Holocene hydro-climatic variability in the Mediterranean: A synthetic multi-proxy reconstruction. The Holocene 2019, 29, 847 -863.

AMA Style

Martin Finné, Jessie Woodbridge, Inga Labuhn, C Neil Roberts. Holocene hydro-climatic variability in the Mediterranean: A synthetic multi-proxy reconstruction. The Holocene. 2019; 29 (5):847-863.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin Finné; Jessie Woodbridge; Inga Labuhn; C Neil Roberts. 2019. "Holocene hydro-climatic variability in the Mediterranean: A synthetic multi-proxy reconstruction." The Holocene 29, no. 5: 847-863.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2019 in The Holocene
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This paper offers a comparative study of land use and demographic development in northern and southern Greece from the Neolithic to the Byzantine period. Results from summed probability densities (SPD) of archaeological radiocarbon dates and settlement numbers derived from archaeological site surveys are combined with results from cluster-based analysis of published pollen core assemblages to offer an integrated view of human pressure on the Greek landscape through time. We demonstrate that SPDs offer a useful approach to outline differences between regions and a useful complement to archaeological site surveys, evaluated here especially for the onset of the Neolithic and for the Final Neolithic (FN)/Early Bronze Age (EBA) transition. Pollen analysis highlight differences in vegetation between the two sub-regions, but also several parallel changes. The comparison of land cover dynamics between two sub-regions of Greece further demonstrates the significance of the bioclimatic conditions of core locations and that apparent oppositions between regions may in fact be two sides of the same coin in terms of socio-ecological trajectories. We also assess the balance between anthropogenic and climate-related impacts on vegetation and suggest that climatic variability was as an important factor for vegetation regrowth. Finally, our evidence suggests that the impact of humans on land cover is amplified from the Late Bronze Age (LBA) onwards as more extensive herding and agricultural practices are introduced.

ACS Style

Erika Weiberg; Andrew Bevan; Katerina Kouli; Markos Katsianis; Jessie Woodbridge; Anton Bonnier; Max Engel; Martin Finné; Ralph Fyfe; Yannis Maniatis; Alessio Palmisano; Sampson Panajiotidis; C Neil Roberts; Stephen Shennan. Long-term trends of land use and demography in Greece: A comparative study. The Holocene 2019, 29, 742 -760.

AMA Style

Erika Weiberg, Andrew Bevan, Katerina Kouli, Markos Katsianis, Jessie Woodbridge, Anton Bonnier, Max Engel, Martin Finné, Ralph Fyfe, Yannis Maniatis, Alessio Palmisano, Sampson Panajiotidis, C Neil Roberts, Stephen Shennan. Long-term trends of land use and demography in Greece: A comparative study. The Holocene. 2019; 29 (5):742-760.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erika Weiberg; Andrew Bevan; Katerina Kouli; Markos Katsianis; Jessie Woodbridge; Anton Bonnier; Max Engel; Martin Finné; Ralph Fyfe; Yannis Maniatis; Alessio Palmisano; Sampson Panajiotidis; C Neil Roberts; Stephen Shennan. 2019. "Long-term trends of land use and demography in Greece: A comparative study." The Holocene 29, no. 5: 742-760.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2019 in The Holocene
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Southern Anatolia is a highly significant area within the Mediterranean, particularly in terms of understanding how agriculture moved into Europe from neighbouring regions. This study uses pollen, palaeoclimate and archaeological evidence to investigate the relationships between demography and vegetation change, and to explore how the development of agriculture varied spatially. Data from 21 fossil pollen records have been transformed into forested, parkland and open vegetation types using cluster analysis. Patterns of change have been explored using non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) and through analysis of indicator groups, such as an Anthropogenic Pollen Index, and Simpson’s Diversity. Settlement data, which indicate population densities, and summed radiocarbon dates for archaeological sites have been used as a proxy for demographic change. The pollen and archaeological records confirm that farming can be detected earlier in Anatolia in comparison with many other parts of the Mediterranean. Dynamics of change in grazing indicators and the OJCV ( Olea, Juglans, Castanea and Vitis) index for cultivated trees appear to match cycles of population expansion and decline. Vegetation and land use change is also influenced by other factors, such as climate change. Investigating the early impacts of anthropogenic activities (e.g. woodcutting, animal herding, the use of fire and agriculture) is key to understanding how societies have modified the environment since the mid–late Holocene, despite the capacity of ecological systems to absorb recurrent disturbances. The results of this study suggest that shifting human population dynamics played an important role in shaping land cover in central and southern Anatolia.

ACS Style

Jessie Woodbridge; C Neil Roberts; Alessio Palmisano; Andrew Bevan; Stephen Shennan; Ralph Fyfe; Warren J Eastwood; Adam Izdebski; Canan Çakırlar; Henk Woldring; Nils Broothaerts; David Kaniewski; Martin Finné; Inga Labuhn. Pollen-inferred regional vegetation patterns and demographic change in Southern Anatolia through the Holocene. The Holocene 2019, 29, 728 -741.

AMA Style

Jessie Woodbridge, C Neil Roberts, Alessio Palmisano, Andrew Bevan, Stephen Shennan, Ralph Fyfe, Warren J Eastwood, Adam Izdebski, Canan Çakırlar, Henk Woldring, Nils Broothaerts, David Kaniewski, Martin Finné, Inga Labuhn. Pollen-inferred regional vegetation patterns and demographic change in Southern Anatolia through the Holocene. The Holocene. 2019; 29 (5):728-741.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jessie Woodbridge; C Neil Roberts; Alessio Palmisano; Andrew Bevan; Stephen Shennan; Ralph Fyfe; Warren J Eastwood; Adam Izdebski; Canan Çakırlar; Henk Woldring; Nils Broothaerts; David Kaniewski; Martin Finné; Inga Labuhn. 2019. "Pollen-inferred regional vegetation patterns and demographic change in Southern Anatolia through the Holocene." The Holocene 29, no. 5: 728-741.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2019 in Global and Planetary Change
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This research aims to improve the knowledge of the mid to late Holocene climate changes and the underlying drivers in the eastern Mediterranean. We focus on the Peloponnese peninsula, SW Greece, characterized by a W-E rainfall/temperature gradient and a strong climate-sensitivity to shifts in the large-scale atmospheric patterns. A radiocarbon-dated sediment core, taken from the ancient Lake Lerna, a former lake in NE Peloponnese, was analyzed for distribution and hydrogen isotope (δD) composition of n-alkanes and bulk organic geochemistry (δ13C, TOC). The predominantly macrophyte (submerged/floating)-derived δD23 profile exhibits the largest long-term fluctuation in the record and co-varies with δD of long-chain n-alkanes providing evidence for precipitation and temperature changes over the last 5000 years. The Lerna δD23 signal is sometimes in agreement with other n-alkane δD records from SW Peloponnese indicating wetter conditions in the peninsula at ca 5000–4600, ca 4500–4100, ca 3000–2600 (more unstable in SW) and after ca 700 cal BP with drier periods at ca 4100–3900 and ca 1000–700 cal BP. Conversely, a NE-SW climate see-saw is revealed at ca 4600–4500, ca 3200, ca 2600–1800, and ca 1200–1000 cal BP when the δD23 Lerna exhibits more positive trends (drier in NE) with a reversal at ca 3900–3300, ca 3200–3000 and ca 1800–1300 cal BP. These opposing and sometimes similar signals between NE and SW Peloponnese can be explained by the relative dominance of high-latitude atmospheric patterns over the peninsula. A similar signal would be expected when the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) exerts the main control with NAO (+) creating conditions of reduced moisture. The dipole pattern is likely driven by shifts in North Sea–Caspian Atmospheric pattern (NCP), which account for the present-day regional climate variability with NCP (+) leading to wetter and colder conditions in NE Peloponnese. The Asian monsoonal system likely has an additional impact on the δD variabilities through influencing the summer temperatures. There is a consistency between the Peloponnesian δD signals and monsoonal records after ca 4000 cal BP confirming the actualistic models. Strong monsoonal periods coincide with cooler summers (lower δD values) in Lerna, due to the northerly winds, the Etesians. On the contrary, SW Peloponnese is dominated by warmer conditions during the same periods as the area is located on the lee side of the mountain and highly influenced by the adiabatic warming associated with the subsidence over the Eastern Mediterranean.

ACS Style

Christos Katrantsiotis; Elin Norström; Rienk H. Smittenberg; Martin Finne; Erika Weiberg; Martina Hättestrand; Pavlos Avramidis; Stefan Wastegård. Climate changes in the Eastern Mediterranean over the last 5000 years and their links to the high-latitude atmospheric patterns and Asian monsoons. Global and Planetary Change 2019, 175, 36 -51.

AMA Style

Christos Katrantsiotis, Elin Norström, Rienk H. Smittenberg, Martin Finne, Erika Weiberg, Martina Hättestrand, Pavlos Avramidis, Stefan Wastegård. Climate changes in the Eastern Mediterranean over the last 5000 years and their links to the high-latitude atmospheric patterns and Asian monsoons. Global and Planetary Change. 2019; 175 ():36-51.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Christos Katrantsiotis; Elin Norström; Rienk H. Smittenberg; Martin Finne; Erika Weiberg; Martina Hättestrand; Pavlos Avramidis; Stefan Wastegård. 2019. "Climate changes in the Eastern Mediterranean over the last 5000 years and their links to the high-latitude atmospheric patterns and Asian monsoons." Global and Planetary Change 175, no. : 36-51.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2019 in Journal of Land Use Science
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ACS Style

Erika Weiberg; Ryan E. Hughes; Martin Finné; Anton Bonnier; Jed O. Kaplan. Mediterranean land use systems from prehistory to antiquity: a case study from Peloponnese (Greece). Journal of Land Use Science 2019, 14, 1 -20.

AMA Style

Erika Weiberg, Ryan E. Hughes, Martin Finné, Anton Bonnier, Jed O. Kaplan. Mediterranean land use systems from prehistory to antiquity: a case study from Peloponnese (Greece). Journal of Land Use Science. 2019; 14 (1):1-20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erika Weiberg; Ryan E. Hughes; Martin Finné; Anton Bonnier; Jed O. Kaplan. 2019. "Mediterranean land use systems from prehistory to antiquity: a case study from Peloponnese (Greece)." Journal of Land Use Science 14, no. 1: 1-20.

Articles
Published: 08 August 2018 in World Archaeology
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Instances of resilience and persistence in ancient societies during periods of climate stress are necessary as counter weights to simplified collapse archaeology. The authors offer an evaluation of societal trajectories during the Late Bronze Age (LBA) in the Peloponnese against the backdrop of recently available local climate data. By considering climate volatility as well as climate change, the long-term perspective suggests that the end of the LBA should be viewed in light of the socio-environmental mismatches that developed during its earlier phases. Varying socio-political complexity and population densities are preconditioning components for inherent resilience under climate stress and climate impacts cannot be determined by climate conditions alone. While arid climate does not equal negative societal change, beneficial climate conditions may be favourable in the relative short term while at the same time supporting an ultimately unsustainable economy that proved detrimental in the long term.

ACS Style

Erika Weiberg; Martin Finné. Resilience and persistence of ancient societies in the face of climate change: a case study from Late Bronze Age Peloponnese. World Archaeology 2018, 50, 584 -602.

AMA Style

Erika Weiberg, Martin Finné. Resilience and persistence of ancient societies in the face of climate change: a case study from Late Bronze Age Peloponnese. World Archaeology. 2018; 50 (4):584-602.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erika Weiberg; Martin Finné. 2018. "Resilience and persistence of ancient societies in the face of climate change: a case study from Late Bronze Age Peloponnese." World Archaeology 50, no. 4: 584-602.

Research article
Published: 26 June 2018 in Journal of Quaternary Science
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We present a 6000‐year‐long record tracing hydroclimate changes in SW Greece, based on hydrogen isotope composition of aquatic plant‐derived n‐C23 alkanes (δDC23) in a sediment core from the Messenian plain, Peloponnese. The δDC23 record co‐varies with other eastern Mediterranean records, suggesting relatively wetter conditions c. 6–4.5 ka, followed by progressively drier conditions leading up to maximum aridity c. 2.8 ka. This arid phase was interrupted by a shift in δDC23 between 3.3 and 3.1 ka inferring wetter conditions and/or tentative responses to anthropogenic water regulating activities during the Late Bronze Age. After 2.7 ka, a return to more humid conditions was followed by increased dryness and stronger seasonality contrasts from c. 2.0 ka. The δDC23 record shows three short‐lived excursions (5.7, 5.3, 2.8 ka), where isotope values dropped by >20‰ and immediately stabilized again. The events were paralleled by abrupt increases in sedimentation rates. We hypothesize that the isotopic shifts represent a response to mixing of ground water systems during tectonic events, followed by sealing of seismically derived cracks in the active fault. The outcome of the study is promising for future expansion of isotope‐based proxies on sediments in the region, to reconstruct both hydroclimate and past seismic activity.

ACS Style

Elin Norström; Christos Katrantsiotis; Martin Finné; Jan Risberg; Rienk H. Smittenberg; Stefan Bjursäter. Biomarker hydrogen isotope composition (δD) as proxy for Holocene hydroclimatic change and seismic activity in SW Peloponnese, Greece. Journal of Quaternary Science 2018, 33, 563 -574.

AMA Style

Elin Norström, Christos Katrantsiotis, Martin Finné, Jan Risberg, Rienk H. Smittenberg, Stefan Bjursäter. Biomarker hydrogen isotope composition (δD) as proxy for Holocene hydroclimatic change and seismic activity in SW Peloponnese, Greece. Journal of Quaternary Science. 2018; 33 (5):563-574.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elin Norström; Christos Katrantsiotis; Martin Finné; Jan Risberg; Rienk H. Smittenberg; Stefan Bjursäter. 2018. "Biomarker hydrogen isotope composition (δD) as proxy for Holocene hydroclimatic change and seismic activity in SW Peloponnese, Greece." Journal of Quaternary Science 33, no. 5: 563-574.

Article
Published: 18 January 2018 in Water History
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In this paper, we model the function of rainwater harvesting cisterns in ancient Greece. The model calculates on a monthly basis: (1) the collected and stored volume of water; (2) the amount of water extracted for individual use; and (3) the potential accumulated surplus available by the end of a month. The potential of the model is explored through two case studies based on material from Olynthos in Thessaly and Dystos on ancient Euboia by running 26 consecutive annual cycles utilizing modern precipitation data from meteorological stations as a proxy for ancient precipitation and precipitation variability. Our results show that cisterns can provide ample amounts of freshwater to households and function as buffers for water stress in shorter (monthly), and longer terms (seasonally, yearly and between years). The two cisterns in this paper yield between 10.7 and 86.6 m3 per annum with a strong variability in collected water volumes within and between years. Yet, this variability is, largely predictable and thus the use of cisterns in ancient Greece should be viewed in the light of predictable variability that required active participation from members of the household to be efficient.

ACS Style

Patrik Klingborg; Martin Finné. Modelling the freshwater supply of cisterns in ancient Greece. Water History 2018, 10, 113 -131.

AMA Style

Patrik Klingborg, Martin Finné. Modelling the freshwater supply of cisterns in ancient Greece. Water History. 2018; 10 (2-3):113-131.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patrik Klingborg; Martin Finné. 2018. "Modelling the freshwater supply of cisterns in ancient Greece." Water History 10, no. 2-3: 113-131.

Journal article
Published: 16 January 2018 in Land
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Quantitative reconstructions of past land use facilitate comparisons between livelihoods in space and time. However, comparison between different types of land use strategies is challenging as land use has a multitude of expressions and intensities. The quantitative method presented here facilitates the exploration and synthetization of uneven archaeological and textual evidence from past societies. The approach quantifies the area required for habitation, agriculture, arboriculture, pasturage, and fuel supply, based on a combination of archaeological, historical, ethnographic and modern evidence from the relevant geographical region. It is designed to stimulate discussion and can be used to test a wide range of hypotheses regarding local and regional economies, ancient trade and redistribution, and the resilience and/or vulnerability of past societies to environmental change. The method also helps identify where our gaps in knowledge are in understanding past human–environment interaction, the ecological footprint of past cultures and their influence on the landscape in a transparent and quantitative manner. The present article focuses especially on the impact of dietary estimates and crop yield estimates, two main elements in calculating land use in past societies due to their uncertainty as well as their significant impact on calculations. By employing archaeological data, including botanical, zoological and isotopic evidence, alongside available textual sources, this method seeks to improve land use and land cover change models by increasing their representativeness and accuracy.

ACS Style

Ryan E. Hughes; Erika Weiberg; Anton Bonnier; Martin Finné; Jed O. Kaplan. Quantifying Land Use in Past Societies from Cultural Practice and Archaeological Data. Land 2018, 7, 9 .

AMA Style

Ryan E. Hughes, Erika Weiberg, Anton Bonnier, Martin Finné, Jed O. Kaplan. Quantifying Land Use in Past Societies from Cultural Practice and Archaeological Data. Land. 2018; 7 (1):9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ryan E. Hughes; Erika Weiberg; Anton Bonnier; Martin Finné; Jed O. Kaplan. 2018. "Quantifying Land Use in Past Societies from Cultural Practice and Archaeological Data." Land 7, no. 1: 9.

Research article
Published: 27 December 2017 in PLOS ONE
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This paper offers new high-resolution oxygen and carbon isotope data from Stalagmite S1 from Mavri Trypa Cave, SW Peloponnese. Our data provide the climate background to the destruction of the nearby Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos at the transition from Late Helladic (LH) IIIB to LH IIIC, ~3150–3130 years before present (before AD 1950, hereafter yrs BP) and the subsequent period. S1 is dated by 24 U-Th dates with an averaged precision of ±26 yrs (2σ), providing one of the most robust paleoclimate records from the eastern Mediterranean for the end of the Late Bronze Age (LBA). The δ18O record shows generally wetter conditions at the time when the Palace of Nestor at Pylos was destroyed, but a brief period of drier conditions around 3200 yrs BP may have disrupted the Mycenaean agricultural system that at the time was likely operating close to its limit. Gradually developing aridity after 3150 yrs BP, i.e. subsequent to the destruction, probably reduced crop yields and helped to erode the basis for the reinstitution of a central authority and the Palace itself.

ACS Style

Martin Finné; Karin Holmgren; Chuan-Chou Shen; Hsun-Ming Hu; Meighan Boyd; Sharon Stocker. Late Bronze Age climate change and the destruction of the Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos. PLOS ONE 2017, 12, e0189447 .

AMA Style

Martin Finné, Karin Holmgren, Chuan-Chou Shen, Hsun-Ming Hu, Meighan Boyd, Sharon Stocker. Late Bronze Age climate change and the destruction of the Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos. PLOS ONE. 2017; 12 (12):e0189447.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin Finné; Karin Holmgren; Chuan-Chou Shen; Hsun-Ming Hu; Meighan Boyd; Sharon Stocker. 2017. "Late Bronze Age climate change and the destruction of the Mycenaean Palace of Nestor at Pylos." PLOS ONE 12, no. 12: e0189447.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2016 in Quaternary Science Reviews
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Published archaeological, palaeoenvironmental, and palaeoclimatic data from the Peloponnese in Greece are compiled, discussed and evaluated in order to analyse the interactions between humans and the environment over the last 9000 years. Our study indicates that the number of human settlements found scattered over the peninsula have quadrupled from the prehistoric to historical periods and that this evolution occurred over periods of climate change and seismo–tectonic activity. We show that societal development occurs both during periods of harsh as well as favourable climatic conditions. At some times, some settlements develop while others decline. Well-known climate events such as the 4.2 ka and 3.2 ka events are recognizable in some of the palaeoclimatic records and a regional decline in the number and sizes of settlements occurs roughly at the same time, but their precise chronological fit with the archaeological record remains uncertain. Local socio-political processes were probably always the key drivers behind the diverse strategies that human societies took in times of changing climate. The study thus reveals considerable chronological parallels between societal development and palaeoenvironmental records, but also demonstrates the ambiguities in these correspondences and, in doing so, highlights some of the challenges that will face future interdisciplinary projects. We suggest that there can be no general association made between societal expansion phases and periods of advantageous climate. We also propose that the relevance of climatic and environmental regionality, as well as any potential impacts of seismo-tectonics on societal development, need to be part of the interpretative frameworks.

ACS Style

Erika Weiberg; Ingmar Unkel; Katerina Kouli; Karin Holmgren; Pavlos Avramidis; Anton Bonnier; Flint Dibble; Martin Finné; Adam Izdebski; Christos Katrantsiotis; Sharon R. Stocker; Maria Andwinge; Kalliopi Baika; Meighan Boyd; Christian Heymann. The socio-environmental history of the Peloponnese during the Holocene: Towards an integrated understanding of the past. Quaternary Science Reviews 2016, 136, 40 -65.

AMA Style

Erika Weiberg, Ingmar Unkel, Katerina Kouli, Karin Holmgren, Pavlos Avramidis, Anton Bonnier, Flint Dibble, Martin Finné, Adam Izdebski, Christos Katrantsiotis, Sharon R. Stocker, Maria Andwinge, Kalliopi Baika, Meighan Boyd, Christian Heymann. The socio-environmental history of the Peloponnese during the Holocene: Towards an integrated understanding of the past. Quaternary Science Reviews. 2016; 136 ():40-65.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erika Weiberg; Ingmar Unkel; Katerina Kouli; Karin Holmgren; Pavlos Avramidis; Anton Bonnier; Flint Dibble; Martin Finné; Adam Izdebski; Christos Katrantsiotis; Sharon R. Stocker; Maria Andwinge; Kalliopi Baika; Meighan Boyd; Christian Heymann. 2016. "The socio-environmental history of the Peloponnese during the Holocene: Towards an integrated understanding of the past." Quaternary Science Reviews 136, no. : 40-65.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2015 in International Journal of Speleology
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We have developed a novel, quick and non-destructive method for tracing flood events in caves through the analysis of a stalagmite thick section with an XRF core scanner. The analyzed stalagmite has multiple horizons of fine sediments from past flood events intercalated with areas of cleaner calcite. Flood events detected from the elemental XRF core scanning data show good agreement with the position of flood horizons identified in petrographic thin sections. The geochemical composition of the individual flood layers shows that in certain cases the clay horizons had a distinct geochemical fingerprint suggesting that it may be possible to distinguish individual flood layers based on their geochemistry. This presents the possibility for using flood events as marker horizons to chronologically tie different speleothems in a cave to each other.

ACS Style

Martin Finné; Malin Malin Kylander, Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University; Hanna Hanna S. Sundqvist, Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University; Ludvig Löwemark. Can XRF scanning of speleothems be used as a non-destructive method to identify paleoflood events in caves? International Journal of Speleology 2015, 44, 17 -23.

AMA Style

Martin Finné, Malin Malin Kylander, Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Hanna Hanna S. Sundqvist, Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, Ludvig Löwemark. Can XRF scanning of speleothems be used as a non-destructive method to identify paleoflood events in caves? International Journal of Speleology. 2015; 44 (1):17-23.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin Finné; Malin Malin Kylander, Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University; Hanna Hanna S. Sundqvist, Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University; Ludvig Löwemark. 2015. "Can XRF scanning of speleothems be used as a non-destructive method to identify paleoflood events in caves?" International Journal of Speleology 44, no. 1: 17-23.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2014 in Quaternary Research
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We present stable isotope data (δ18O, δ13C) from a detrital rich stalagmite from Kapsia Cave, the Peloponnese, Greece. The cave is rich in archeological remains and there are reasons to believe that flooding of the cave has directly affected humans using the cave. Using a combination of U–Th and 14C dating to constrain a site-specific correction factor for (232Th/238U) detrital molar ratio, a linear age model was constructed. The age model shows that the stalagmite grew during the period from ca. 950 BC to ca. AD 830. The stable oxygen record from Kapsia indicates cyclical changes of close to 500 yr in precipitation amount, with rapid shifts towards wetter conditions followed by slowly developing aridity. Superimposed on this signal, wetter conditions are inferred around 850, 700, 500 and 400–100 BC, and around AD 160–300 and AD 770; and driest conditions are inferred to have occurred around 450 BC, AD 100–150 and AD 650. Detrital horizons in the stalagmite indicate that three major floods took place in the cave at 500 BC, 70 BC and AD 450. The stable carbon isotope record reflects changes in biological activity being a result of both climate and human activities.

ACS Style

Martin Finné; Miryam Bar-Matthews; Karin Holmgren; Hanna S. Sundqvist; Ilias Liakopoulos; Qiong Zhang. Speleothem evidence for late Holocene climate variability and floods in Southern Greece. Quaternary Research 2014, 81, 213 -227.

AMA Style

Martin Finné, Miryam Bar-Matthews, Karin Holmgren, Hanna S. Sundqvist, Ilias Liakopoulos, Qiong Zhang. Speleothem evidence for late Holocene climate variability and floods in Southern Greece. Quaternary Research. 2014; 81 (2):213-227.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin Finné; Miryam Bar-Matthews; Karin Holmgren; Hanna S. Sundqvist; Ilias Liakopoulos; Qiong Zhang. 2014. "Speleothem evidence for late Holocene climate variability and floods in Southern Greece." Quaternary Research 81, no. 2: 213-227.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2013 in American Journal of Archaeology
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The centuries surrounding 2200 B.C.E. (the year commonly used to mark the transition between the second and third phases of the Early Bronze Age) were transformative times in the Aegean. At some locations, development continued and accelerated; in many places, however, several societal characteristics and supraregional traits seem to have been abandoned. Life continued through these changes, but it appears to have been altered and simplified. In this review of previous research on the period, the geographic focus is on the northeastern Peloponnese, and the interpretative focus is on the human dimension behind the events. This case study explores the framework of resilience theory—and the new questions it stimulates—to form a better understanding of the actual composition of the changes and their complexity. For archaeology, a focus on resilience could be a focus on human creativity in dealing with life through continually changing circumstances. We argue, therefore, that resilience theory offers a compelling way to map and understand the cultural change documented in the archaeological record of the Mediterranean.

ACS Style

Erika Weiberg; Martin Finné. Mind or Matter? People-Environment Interactions and the Demise of Early Helladic II Society in the Northeastern Peloponnese. American Journal of Archaeology 2013, 117, 1 .

AMA Style

Erika Weiberg, Martin Finné. Mind or Matter? People-Environment Interactions and the Demise of Early Helladic II Society in the Northeastern Peloponnese. American Journal of Archaeology. 2013; 117 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erika Weiberg; Martin Finné. 2013. "Mind or Matter? People-Environment Interactions and the Demise of Early Helladic II Society in the Northeastern Peloponnese." American Journal of Archaeology 117, no. 1: 1.