An automated parking system allows drivers to park cars free of stress and collisions in parking lots. Most commercial systems use ultrasonic sensors and require a scanning process to search for a vacant parking space between two adjacent vehicles. If automated parking fails, drivers must return to the initial position for further scanning or take the steering wheel to complete the remaining parking procedure. To improve such limitations, we propose a re-plannable automated parking system with a standalone around view monitor. The proposed system can constantly reflect several errors and risks of perception, positioning, and control in real-life situations, and then re-generate the parking path to improve the parking precision and avoid any collisions. To realize this automated parking system, we propose a new system architecture and introduce four core modules: environmental perception, precise positioning, parking path planning, and vehicle control. In our experiments, we evaluated the system in narrow parking lots with a perpendicular parking space defined as 2.1 x 5.0 m. The proposed system successfully performed reverse automated parking with a lateral error of 0.049 m, a longitudinal error of 0.249 m, and a heading error of 0.468°.

To evaluate the clinical usefulness of the Korean Developmental Screening Test (K-DST) via comparison with Korean Ages and Stages Questionnaire (K-ASQ) for the diagnosis of developmental delay in pediatric patients. The K-DST and K-ASQ were used to screen pediatric patients who visited the hospital for evaluation and diagnosis of delayed development. Korean Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II (K-BSID-II) or Korean Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence III (K-WPPSI-III) were used for the standardized assessment. Moreover, the final clinical diagnosis was confirmed by three expert physicians (rehabilitation doctor, psychiatrist, and neurologist). The sensitivity and specificity of each screening tool for the final diagnosis were investigated and correlated with standardized assessments. A total of 145 pediatric consultations were conducted, which included 123 developmental disorders (40 autism spectrum disorders, 46 global developmental delay/intellectual disability, and 37 developmental language disorders) and another 22 that were not associated with any such disorders. The sensitivity and specificity of K-DST based on the final clinical diagnosis were 82.9% and 90.9%, respectively, which were not significantly different from that of K-ASQ (83.7% and 77.3%). Both K-DST and K-ASQ showed good correlation with K-BSID-II and K-WPPSI-III. No significant difference was found between the K-DST and K-ASQ measures. K-DST is an excellent screening tool and is expected to replace K-ASQ with high validity.

This case report describes a severe nerve injury to the right ulnar nerve, caused by bee venom acupuncture. A 52-year-old right-handed man received bee venom acupuncture on the medial side of his right elbow and forearm, at a Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) clinic. Immediately after acupuncture, the patient experienced pain and swelling on the right elbow. There was further development of weakness of the right little finger, and sensory changes on the ulnar dermatome of the right hand. The patient visited our clinic 7 days after acupuncture. Electrodiagnostic studies 2 weeks after the acupuncture showed ulnar nerve damage. The patient underwent steroid pulse and rehabilitation treatments. However, his condition did not improve completely, even 4 months after acupuncture.