Cloning procedures often interfere with conceptus growth and life ex utero, in a set of symptoms known as abnormal offspring syndrome (AOS). The aim of the present study was to compare the developmental pattern of in vivo-derived (IVD), IVF-derived and handmade cloning-derived (NT-HMC) Day 225 bovine concepti using established procedures. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed on Day 30 following blastocyst transfer on Day 7. Conceptus morphometry was assessed by ultrasonography on Day 51, and on Day 225 pregnant cows were killed for morphological examination of concepti. Pregnancy outcome was similar between groups, with greater pregnancy losses in the first trimester (70.6%) and smaller fetuses on Day 51 in the NT-HMC group than in the IVD (14.3%) and IVF (20.0%) groups. However, NT-HMC-derived concepti were twofold larger on Day 225 of gestation than controls. A higher frequency (63.5%) of placentomes larger than the largest in the IVD group was observed in the NT-HMC group, which may be relevant to placental function. Conceptus traits in the IVF group were similar to the IVD controls, with only slight changes in placentome types. Morphological changes in cloned concepti likely affected placental function and metabolism, disrupting the placental constraining mechanism on fetal growth in mid- to late pregnancy.

A Síndrome de Pandora consiste em uma desordem no trato urinário inferior de felinos, sua patogenia não está totalmente elucidada, mas sabe-se que há fatores predisponentes ao seu surgimento, como: genético, baixa taxa de ingestão hídrica, estresse ambiental, obesidade, vida doméstica moderna do gato e falta de atividades físicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar as principais informações descritas sobre essa afecção, além de seu impacto no organismo nestes animais. Assim, foram pesquisados artigos em bases de indexação de documentos, artigos e livros, como Scielo, Google Scholar, Pub Med e Scopus nos últimos 11 anos buscando informações mais relevantes e recentes sobre a doença. A síndrome se mostra de forma complexa que apresenta sinais clínicos inespecíficos, tornando seu diagnóstico bastante dificultoso, sendo necessário o emprego de vários exames laboratoriais. O tratamento envolve terapia multimodal com manejo ambiental, promoção do enriquecimento ambiental, redução dos fatores estressantes que possam afetar o animal. Ademais, essa enfermidade exerce um impacto negativo sobre o abandono animal, pois animais com a Síndrome tendem a sofrerem abandono. Portanto, os estudos sobre essa alteração são importantes para atualização de profissionais permitindo promover o bem-estar e melhor expectativa de vida dos seus pacientes, além disso, conscientizar os tutores sobre a doença.

Although geopropolis has been the subject of many chemical and pharmacological studies, there are few studies investigating the photoprotective activity of formulations containing propolis. Thus, we investigated in vivo the photoprotective efficacy of the cream containing geopropolis extract by macroscopic and histological evaluation of the skin of Wistar rats subjected to ultraviolet radiation (UVB). We also evaluated the chemical composition of hydroethanolic extract using the HPLC-DADESI-MS/MS technique, as well as antioxidant activity by the photocolorimetric method of free radical DPPH (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine) and cytotoxic activity by the in vitro MTT quantitative method [brometo de 3- (4.5dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2.5-difeniltetrazolio]. The extract had a varied chemical composition, 29 different phenolic compounds being detected, distributed between phenols and flavonoids, the latter being represented by chalcones, flavones and flavonols. The highest percentages of DPPH inhibition e o baixo valor de IC50 indicaram que o extrato apresentou alta atividade antioxidante. The hydroethanolic extract did not exert cytotoxic effects since high percentages of viability of L929 fibroblasts were observed after incubation for 72 hours at different concentrations of the extract. On skin submitted to cream application containing of geopropolis extract and the irradiation with UVB did not occur macroscopic and histological lesions. Thus, we concluded that the cream containing of geopropolis extract produced by Melipona subnitida was able to protect the skin from lesions induced by UVB irradiation, thus demonstrating photoprotective effect.

A dirofilariose é uma importante zoonose considerada endêmica no Brasil, cuja transmissão acontece principalmente por meio de mosquitos vetores dos gêneros Culex, Aedes e Anopheles e que tem o cão doméstico como hospedeiro. Apesar da maioria dos animais serem assintomáticos, a doença pode afetar diversos órgãos, culminando em possíveis alterações em diagnósticos laboratoriais. Pode ser empregado diversos diagnósticos , sendo a visualização de microfilárias de Dirofilaria spp. em esfregaço sanguíneo o mais utilizado. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar o perfil hematológico e bioquímico de cães diagnosticados com microfilárias de Dirofilaria immitis na cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará. Foram selecionadas amostras sanguíneas no período de agosto de 2014 a junho de 2018. Nas amostras em que houve positividade para a presença de microfilárias no esfregaço sanguíneo foi realizado um levantamento das alterações encontradas nos exames hematológicos e bioquímicos. Em 2.400 amostras de sangue analisadas, 26 apresentaram microfilárias (1,1%), com 46% de anemia e 46% com sinais de regeneração eritrocitária, 42% apresentaram trombocitopenia e 46% hiperproteinemia, com linfopenia em 61% dos casos. No perfil bioquímico, foram observadas discretas alterações abaixo do normal, exceto para albumina, que foi reduzida em 62% dos casos. A maioria dos analitos apresentaram valores normais, indicando que não havia uma hiperfunção ou hiperatividade dos órgãos. Logo, a dirofilariose influenciou na imunologia canina e, provavelmente, induziu a uma redução no número de plaquetas e aumento nas proteínas totais pelo estímulo inflamatório gerado.

The objective was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant, genotoxic, antigenotoxic, and antineoplastic activities of apitoxin produced by the bee Apis mellifera. The antioxidant activity of the apitoxin solution was evaluated using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhydrazyl) method. Genotoxic potential of apitoxin was analyzed by comparing the mean DNA damage indices (idDNA) of L929 strain fibroblasts exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 - genotoxic substance), distilled water, or apitoxin. The antigenotoxic effect of apitoxin was analyzed by assessing the percentage decrease in H2O2-induced genotoxicity in L929 fibroblasts co-treated with three concentrations of the aqueous apitoxin solution and subjected to comet assay. In vitro antineoplastic activity in human tumor cell lines of prostate adenocarcinoma (PC3), hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPGE2), melanoma (MAD-MB435), and astrocytoma (SNB19), were verified by MTT [3- (4) bromide colorimetric method, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium]. Apitoxin had no genotoxic effect on L929 cells at concentrations of 30, 10, and 5 µg/mL after 24 hours of exposure. This effect was only evident at 50 µg/mL. Apitoxin promoted a significant reduction in DNA damage index (idDNA) at all concentrations tested. At 30 µg/mL, apitoxin attenuated the genotoxic effects induced by H2O2. Apitoxin also demonstrated in vitro antineoplastic potential, since the cytotoxic effect was observed at concentrations of 50 µg/mL and 25 µg/mL, with significant reduction in viability percentage of PC3 tumor cell lines, HEPGE2, MAD-MB435, and SNB19. The high antioxidant activity associated with the absence of genotoxic effect and the genoprotective and antineoplastic effect demonstrated by apitoxin here provide indications of apitoxin’s therapeutic potential.