This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
In coastal areas, there is increased concern about emissions from shipping activities and the associated impact on air quality. We have assessed the ship aerosol properties and the contribution to coastal particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels by measuring ship plumes in ambient conditions at a site in southern Sweden, within a Sulfur Emission Control Area. Measurements took place during a summer and a winter campaign, 10 km downwind of a major shipping lane. Individual ships showed large variability in contribution to total particle mass, organics, sulfate, and NO2. The average emission contribution of the shipping lane was 29±13 and 37±20 ng m−3 to PM0.5, 18±8 and 34±19 ng m−3 to PM0.15, and 1.21±0.57 and 1.11±0.61 µg m−3 to NO2, during winter and summer, respectively. Sulfate and organics dominated the particle mass and most plumes contained undetectable amounts of equivalent black carbon (eBC). The average eBC contribution was 3.5±1.7 ng m−3 and the absorption Ångström exponent was close to 1. Simulated ageing of the ship aerosols using an oxidation flow reactor showed that on a few occasions, there was an increase in sulfate and organic mass after photochemical processing of the plumes. However, most plumes did not produce measurable amounts of secondary PM upon simulated ageing.
Stina Ausmeel; Axel Eriksson; Erik Ahlberg; Moa K. Sporre; Mårten Spanne; Adam Kristensson. Ship plumes in the Baltic Sea Sulfur Emission Control Area: chemical characterization and contribution to coastal aerosol concentrations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2020, 20, 9135 -9151.
AMA StyleStina Ausmeel, Axel Eriksson, Erik Ahlberg, Moa K. Sporre, Mårten Spanne, Adam Kristensson. Ship plumes in the Baltic Sea Sulfur Emission Control Area: chemical characterization and contribution to coastal aerosol concentrations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2020; 20 (15):9135-9151.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStina Ausmeel; Axel Eriksson; Erik Ahlberg; Moa K. Sporre; Mårten Spanne; Adam Kristensson. 2020. "Ship plumes in the Baltic Sea Sulfur Emission Control Area: chemical characterization and contribution to coastal aerosol concentrations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 15: 9135-9151.
Concentrations of aerosol particles in Poland and their sources are rarely discussed in peer-reviewed journal articles despite serious air quality issues. A source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosol particles was performed during winter at a rural background environment field site in north-eastern Poland. Data were used of light absorption at seven wavelengths and levoglucosan concentrations along existing monitoring of PM2.5, organic carbon and elemental carbon (OC/EC) at the Diabła Góra EMEP monitoring site between January 17 and March 19 during the EMEP intensive winter campaign of 2018. Average PM2.5, OC, EC, equivalent black carbon (eBC) and levoglucosan concentrations and standard deviations amounted to 18.5 ± 9.3, 4.5 ± 2.5, 0.57 ± 0.28, 1.04 ± 0.62 and 0.134 ± 0.084 µg m−3 respectively. Various tools for source apportionment were used to obtain a source contribution to carbonaceous matter (CM) with three components. The wood combustion source component contributed 1.63 µg m−3 (21%), domestic coal combustion 3.3 µg m−3 (41%) and road transport exhaust 2.9 µg m−3 (38%). Similar levels and temporal variability were found for the nearby Lithuanian site of Preila, corroborating the Polish results.
Adam Kristensson; Stina Ausmeel; Julija Pauraite; Axel Eriksson; Erik Ahlberg; Steigvilė Byčenkienė; Anna Degórska. Source Contributions to Rural Carbonaceous Winter Aerosol in North-Eastern Poland. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 263 .
AMA StyleAdam Kristensson, Stina Ausmeel, Julija Pauraite, Axel Eriksson, Erik Ahlberg, Steigvilė Byčenkienė, Anna Degórska. Source Contributions to Rural Carbonaceous Winter Aerosol in North-Eastern Poland. Atmosphere. 2020; 11 (3):263.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdam Kristensson; Stina Ausmeel; Julija Pauraite; Axel Eriksson; Erik Ahlberg; Steigvilė Byčenkienė; Anna Degórska. 2020. "Source Contributions to Rural Carbonaceous Winter Aerosol in North-Eastern Poland." Atmosphere 11, no. 3: 263.
A large portion of atmospheric aerosol particles consists of secondary material produced by oxidation reactions. The relative importance of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can increase with improved emission regulations. A relatively simple way to study potential particle formation in the atmosphere is by using oxidation flow reactors (OFRs) which simulate atmospheric ageing. Here we report on the first ambient OFR ageing experiment in Europe, coupled with scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) and proton transfer reaction (PTR)-MS measurements. We found that the simulated ageing did not produce any measurable increases in particle mass or number concentrations during the two months of the campaign due to low concentrations of precursors. Losses in the reactor increased with hydroxyl radical (OH) exposure and with increasing difference between ambient and reactor temperatures, indicating fragmentation and evaporation of semivolatile material.
Erik Ahlberg; Stina Ausmeel; Axel Eriksson; Thomas Holst; Tomas Karlsson; William H. Brune; Göran Frank; Pontus Roldin; Adam Kristensson; Birgitta Svenningsson. No Particle Mass Enhancement from Induced Atmospheric Ageing at a Rural Site in Northern Europe. Atmosphere 2019, 10, 408 .
AMA StyleErik Ahlberg, Stina Ausmeel, Axel Eriksson, Thomas Holst, Tomas Karlsson, William H. Brune, Göran Frank, Pontus Roldin, Adam Kristensson, Birgitta Svenningsson. No Particle Mass Enhancement from Induced Atmospheric Ageing at a Rural Site in Northern Europe. Atmosphere. 2019; 10 (7):408.
Chicago/Turabian StyleErik Ahlberg; Stina Ausmeel; Axel Eriksson; Thomas Holst; Tomas Karlsson; William H. Brune; Göran Frank; Pontus Roldin; Adam Kristensson; Birgitta Svenningsson. 2019. "No Particle Mass Enhancement from Induced Atmospheric Ageing at a Rural Site in Northern Europe." Atmosphere 10, no. 7: 408.
Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) is an important phenomenon in terms of global particle number concentrations. Here we investigated the frequency of NPF, formation rates of 10 nm particles, and growth rates in the size range of 10–25 nm using at least 1 year of aerosol number size-distribution observations at 36 different locations around the world. The majority of these measurement sites are in the Northern Hemisphere. We found that the NPF frequency has a strong seasonal variability. At the measurement sites analyzed in this study, NPF occurs most frequently in March–May (on about 30 % of the days) and least frequently in December–February (about 10 % of the days). The median formation rate of 10 nm particles varies by about 3 orders of magnitude (0.01–10 cm−3 s−1) and the growth rate by about an order of magnitude (1–10 nm h−1). The smallest values of both formation and growth rates were observed at polar sites and the largest ones in urban environments or anthropogenically influenced rural sites. The correlation between the NPF event frequency and the particle formation and growth rate was at best moderate among the different measurement sites, as well as among the sites belonging to a certain environmental regime. For a better understanding of atmospheric NPF and its regional importance, we would need more observational data from different urban areas in practically all parts of the world, from additional remote and rural locations in North America, Asia, and most of the Southern Hemisphere (especially Australia), from polar areas, and from at least a few locations over the oceans.
Tuomo Nieminen; Veli-Matti Kerminen; Tuukka Petäjä; Pasi P. Aalto; Mikhail Arshinov; Eija Asmi; Urs Baltensperger; David C. S. Beddows; Johan Paul Beukes; Don Collins; Aijun Ding; Roy M. Harrison; Bas Henzing; Rakesh Hooda; Min Hu; Urmas Hõrrak; Niku Kivekäs; Kaupo Komsaare; Radovan Krejci; Adam Kristensson; Lauri Laakso; Ari Laaksonen; W. Richard Leaitch; Heikki Lihavainen; Nikolaos Mihalopoulos; Zoltán Németh; Wei Nie; Colin O'Dowd; Imre Salma; Karine Sellegri; Birgitta Svenningsson; Erik Swietlicki; Peter Tunved; Vidmantas Ulevicius; Ville Vakkari; Marko Vana; Alfred Wiedensohler; Zhijun Wu; Annele Virtanen; Markku Kulmala. Global analysis of continental boundary layer new particle formation based on long-term measurements. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2018, 18, 14737 -14756.
AMA StyleTuomo Nieminen, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petäjä, Pasi P. Aalto, Mikhail Arshinov, Eija Asmi, Urs Baltensperger, David C. S. Beddows, Johan Paul Beukes, Don Collins, Aijun Ding, Roy M. Harrison, Bas Henzing, Rakesh Hooda, Min Hu, Urmas Hõrrak, Niku Kivekäs, Kaupo Komsaare, Radovan Krejci, Adam Kristensson, Lauri Laakso, Ari Laaksonen, W. Richard Leaitch, Heikki Lihavainen, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Zoltán Németh, Wei Nie, Colin O'Dowd, Imre Salma, Karine Sellegri, Birgitta Svenningsson, Erik Swietlicki, Peter Tunved, Vidmantas Ulevicius, Ville Vakkari, Marko Vana, Alfred Wiedensohler, Zhijun Wu, Annele Virtanen, Markku Kulmala. Global analysis of continental boundary layer new particle formation based on long-term measurements. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2018; 18 (19):14737-14756.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTuomo Nieminen; Veli-Matti Kerminen; Tuukka Petäjä; Pasi P. Aalto; Mikhail Arshinov; Eija Asmi; Urs Baltensperger; David C. S. Beddows; Johan Paul Beukes; Don Collins; Aijun Ding; Roy M. Harrison; Bas Henzing; Rakesh Hooda; Min Hu; Urmas Hõrrak; Niku Kivekäs; Kaupo Komsaare; Radovan Krejci; Adam Kristensson; Lauri Laakso; Ari Laaksonen; W. Richard Leaitch; Heikki Lihavainen; Nikolaos Mihalopoulos; Zoltán Németh; Wei Nie; Colin O'Dowd; Imre Salma; Karine Sellegri; Birgitta Svenningsson; Erik Swietlicki; Peter Tunved; Vidmantas Ulevicius; Ville Vakkari; Marko Vana; Alfred Wiedensohler; Zhijun Wu; Annele Virtanen; Markku Kulmala. 2018. "Global analysis of continental boundary layer new particle formation based on long-term measurements." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 19: 14737-14756.
Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) is an important phenomenon in terms of the global particle number concentrations. Here we investigated the frequency of NPF, formation rates of 10 nm particles and growth rates in the size range of 10–25 nm using at least one year of aerosol number size-distribution observations at 36 different locations around the world. The majority of these measurement sites are in the Northern Hemisphere. We found that the NPF frequency has a strong seasonal variability, taking place on about 30 % of the days in March–May and on about 10 % of the days in December–February. The median formation rate of 10 nm particles varies by about three orders of magnitude (0.01–10 cm−3 s−1) and the growth rate by about an order of magnitude (1–10 nm h−1). The smallest values of both formation and growth rates were observed at polar sites and the largest ones in urban environments or anthropogenically influenced rural sites. The correlation between the NPF event frequency and the particle formation and growth rate was at best moderate between the different measurement sites, as well as between the sites belonging to a certain environmental regime. For a better understanding of atmospheric NPF and its regional importance, we would need more observational data from different urban areas in practically all parts of the world, from additional remote and rural locations in Northern America, Asia and most of the Southern Hemisphere (especially Australia), from polar areas, and from at least a few locations over the oceans.
Tuomo Nieminen; Veli-Matti Kerminen; Tuukka Petäjä; Pasi P. Aalto; Mikhail Arshinov; Eija Asmi; Urs Baltensperger; David C. S. Beddows; Johan Paul Beukes; Don Collins; Aijun Ding; Roy M. Harrison; Bas Henzing; Rakesh Hooda; Min Hu; Urmas Hõrrak; Niku Kivekäs; Kaupo Komsaare; Radovan Krejci; Adam Kristensson; Lauri Laakso; Ari Laaksonen; W. Richard Leaitch; Heikki Lihavainen; Nikolaos Mihalopoulos; Zoltán Németh; Wei Nie; Colin O'dowd; Imre Salma; Karine Sellegri; Birgitta Svenningsson; Erik Swietlicki; Peter Tunved; Vidmantas Ulevicius; Ville Vakkari; Marko Vana; Alfred Wiedensohler; Zhijun Wu; Annele Virtanen; Markku Kulmala. Global analysis of continental boundary layer new particle formation based on long-term measurements. 2018, 1 -34.
AMA StyleTuomo Nieminen, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petäjä, Pasi P. Aalto, Mikhail Arshinov, Eija Asmi, Urs Baltensperger, David C. S. Beddows, Johan Paul Beukes, Don Collins, Aijun Ding, Roy M. Harrison, Bas Henzing, Rakesh Hooda, Min Hu, Urmas Hõrrak, Niku Kivekäs, Kaupo Komsaare, Radovan Krejci, Adam Kristensson, Lauri Laakso, Ari Laaksonen, W. Richard Leaitch, Heikki Lihavainen, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Zoltán Németh, Wei Nie, Colin O'dowd, Imre Salma, Karine Sellegri, Birgitta Svenningsson, Erik Swietlicki, Peter Tunved, Vidmantas Ulevicius, Ville Vakkari, Marko Vana, Alfred Wiedensohler, Zhijun Wu, Annele Virtanen, Markku Kulmala. Global analysis of continental boundary layer new particle formation based on long-term measurements. . 2018; ():1-34.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTuomo Nieminen; Veli-Matti Kerminen; Tuukka Petäjä; Pasi P. Aalto; Mikhail Arshinov; Eija Asmi; Urs Baltensperger; David C. S. Beddows; Johan Paul Beukes; Don Collins; Aijun Ding; Roy M. Harrison; Bas Henzing; Rakesh Hooda; Min Hu; Urmas Hõrrak; Niku Kivekäs; Kaupo Komsaare; Radovan Krejci; Adam Kristensson; Lauri Laakso; Ari Laaksonen; W. Richard Leaitch; Heikki Lihavainen; Nikolaos Mihalopoulos; Zoltán Németh; Wei Nie; Colin O'dowd; Imre Salma; Karine Sellegri; Birgitta Svenningsson; Erik Swietlicki; Peter Tunved; Vidmantas Ulevicius; Ville Vakkari; Marko Vana; Alfred Wiedensohler; Zhijun Wu; Annele Virtanen; Markku Kulmala. 2018. "Global analysis of continental boundary layer new particle formation based on long-term measurements." , no. : 1-34.
In this work, the spatial extent of new particle formation (NPF) events and the relative probability of observing particles originating from different spatial origins around three rural sites in eastern China were investigated using the NanoMap method, using particle number size distribution (PNSD) data and air mass back trajectories. The length of the datasets used were 7, 1.5, and 3 years at rural sites Shangdianzi (SDZ) in the North China Plain (NCP), Mt. Tai (TS) in central eastern China, and Lin'an (LAN) in the Yangtze River Delta region in eastern China, respectively. Regional NPF events were observed to occur with the horizontal extent larger than 500 km at SDZ and TS, favoured by the fast transport of northwesterly air masses. At LAN, however, the spatial footprint of NPF events was mostly observed around the site within 100–200 km. Difference in the horizontal spatial distribution of new particle source areas at different sites was connected to typical meteorological conditions at the sites. Consecutive large-scale regional NPF events were observed at SDZ and TS simultaneously and were associated with a high surface pressure system dominating over this area. Simultaneous NPF events at SDZ and LAN were seldom observed. At SDZ the polluted air masses arriving over the NCP were associated with higher particle growth rate (GR) and new particle formation rate (J) than air masses from Inner Mongolia (IM). At TS the same phenomenon was observed for J, but GR was somewhat lower in air masses arriving over the NCP compared to those arriving from IM. The capability of NanoMap to capture the NPF occurrence probability depends on the length of the dataset of PNSD measurement but also on topography around the measurement site and typical air mass advection speed during NPF events. Thus the long-term measurements of PNSD in the planetary boundary layer are necessary in the further study of spatial extent and the probability of NPF events. The spatial extent, relative probability of occurrence, and typical evolution of PNSD during NPF events presented in this study provide valuable information to further understand the climate and air quality effects of new particle formation.
Xiaojing Shen; Junying Sun; Niku Kivekäs; Adam Kristensson; Xiaoye Zhang; Yangmei Zhang; Lu Zhang; Ruxia Fan; Xuefei Qi; Qianli Ma; Huaigang Zhou. Spatial distribution and occurrence probability of regional new particle formation events in eastern China. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2018, 18, 587 -599.
AMA StyleXiaojing Shen, Junying Sun, Niku Kivekäs, Adam Kristensson, Xiaoye Zhang, Yangmei Zhang, Lu Zhang, Ruxia Fan, Xuefei Qi, Qianli Ma, Huaigang Zhou. Spatial distribution and occurrence probability of regional new particle formation events in eastern China. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2018; 18 (2):587-599.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaojing Shen; Junying Sun; Niku Kivekäs; Adam Kristensson; Xiaoye Zhang; Yangmei Zhang; Lu Zhang; Ruxia Fan; Xuefei Qi; Qianli Ma; Huaigang Zhou. 2018. "Spatial distribution and occurrence probability of regional new particle formation events in eastern China." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 2: 587-599.
Niku Kivekäs; Jimmie Carpman; Pontus Roldin; Johannes Leppä; Ewan O'connor; Adam Kristensson; Eija Asmi. Coupling an aerosol box model with one-dimensional flow: a tool for understanding observations of new particle formation events. Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology 2016, 68, 323 .
AMA StyleNiku Kivekäs, Jimmie Carpman, Pontus Roldin, Johannes Leppä, Ewan O'connor, Adam Kristensson, Eija Asmi. Coupling an aerosol box model with one-dimensional flow: a tool for understanding observations of new particle formation events. Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology. 2016; 68 (1):323.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNiku Kivekäs; Jimmie Carpman; Pontus Roldin; Johannes Leppä; Ewan O'connor; Adam Kristensson; Eija Asmi. 2016. "Coupling an aerosol box model with one-dimensional flow: a tool for understanding observations of new particle formation events." Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology 68, no. 1: 323.
SummaryIn this study, we evaluated 10 months data (September 2009 to June 2010) of atmospheric aerosol particle number size distribution at three atmospheric observation stations along the Baltic Sea coast: Vavihill (upwind, Sweden), Utö (upwind, Finland), and Preila (downwind, Lithuania). Differences in aerosol particle number size distributions between the upwind and downwind stations during situations of connected atmospheric flow, when the air passed each station, were used to assess the contribution of ship emissions to the aerosol number concentration (diameter interval 50–400nm) in the Lithuanian background coastal environment. A clear increase in particle number concentration could be noticed, by a factor of 1.9 from Utö to Preila (the average total number concentration at Utö was 791cm−3), and by a factor of 1.6 from Vavihill to Preila (the average total number concentration at Vavihill was 998cm−3). The simultaneous measurements of absorption Ångström exponents close to unity at Preila supported our conclusion that ship emissions in the Baltic Sea contributed to the increase in particle number concentration at Preila
Simonas Kecorius; Niku Kivekäs; Adam Kristensson; Thomas Tuch; David S. Covert; Wolfram Birmili; Heikki Lihavainen; Antti-Pekka Hyvärinen; Johan Martinsson; Moa Sporre; Erik Swietlicki; Alfred Wiedensohler; Vidmantas Ulevicius. Significant increase of aerosol number concentrations in air masses crossing a densely trafficked sea area. Oceanologia 2016, 58, 1 -12.
AMA StyleSimonas Kecorius, Niku Kivekäs, Adam Kristensson, Thomas Tuch, David S. Covert, Wolfram Birmili, Heikki Lihavainen, Antti-Pekka Hyvärinen, Johan Martinsson, Moa Sporre, Erik Swietlicki, Alfred Wiedensohler, Vidmantas Ulevicius. Significant increase of aerosol number concentrations in air masses crossing a densely trafficked sea area. Oceanologia. 2016; 58 (1):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimonas Kecorius; Niku Kivekäs; Adam Kristensson; Thomas Tuch; David S. Covert; Wolfram Birmili; Heikki Lihavainen; Antti-Pekka Hyvärinen; Johan Martinsson; Moa Sporre; Erik Swietlicki; Alfred Wiedensohler; Vidmantas Ulevicius. 2016. "Significant increase of aerosol number concentrations in air masses crossing a densely trafficked sea area." Oceanologia 58, no. 1: 1-12.
In this work we investigated the ability of a series of amino acids to act as cloud condensation nuclei using a static thermal gradient diffusion type cloud condensation nucleus counter. Particles of pure dry l-glycine, glycyl-glycine, l-serine, l-methionine, l-glutamic acid, l-aspartic acid, and l-tyrosine were studied as well as internally mixed dry particles containing ammonium sulfate and one or two of the following amino acids: l-methionine, l-aspartic acid, or l-tyrosine. The amino acids ranged in water solubility from high (>100 g/L), intermediate (10-100 g/L), low (3-10 g/L), to very low (<3 g/L). With the exception of l-methionine and l-tyrosine, all the studied pure amino acid particles activated as though they were fully soluble, although Kohler theory modified to account for limited solubility suggests that the activation of the intermediate and low solubility amino acids l-serine, l-glutamic acid, and l-aspartic acid should be limited by solubility. Activation of mixed particles containing at least 60% dry mass of l-tyrosine was limited by solubility, but the activation of the other investigated mixed particles behaved as if fully soluble. In general, the results show that particles containing amino acids at atmospherically relevant mixture ratios are good cloud condensation nuclei.
Adam Kristensson; Thomas Rosenørn; Merete Bilde. Cloud Droplet Activation of Amino Acid Aerosol Particles. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 2009, 114, 379 -386.
AMA StyleAdam Kristensson, Thomas Rosenørn, Merete Bilde. Cloud Droplet Activation of Amino Acid Aerosol Particles. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 2009; 114 (1):379-386.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdam Kristensson; Thomas Rosenørn; Merete Bilde. 2009. "Cloud Droplet Activation of Amino Acid Aerosol Particles." The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 114, no. 1: 379-386.