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The occupation of a territory combines a set of variables which affect the development of the mode by which populations have been organized throughout history. How this occupation takes place demonstrates much of a territory’s past and shows how the populations managed to make the most out of the available resources. The region of Entre-Douro-e-Minho (Northern Portugal), similarly to what happens in other regions, such as Galicia (Northern Spain), Brittany (Northern France), or Ireland, presents a type of dispersed land use, with an alternation of urban, agriculture, and forest areas. On one hand, this proximity allows urban populations to come into contact with a rural environment. On the other hand, this proximity also causes a set of problems, namely those related to rural fires, which are now enhanced by climate change, and associated phenomena, such as heatwaves and the lack of precipitation. The present work analyzes the evolution of rural fires in 1975–2019, in the municipality of Guimarães (Northern Portugal), to understand how these events have been distributed over time and evolved in a climate change scenario. Based on the results and discussion presented, it can be concluded that there is an increasing trend in the occurrence of rural fires in the territory under study, and that this can also be associated to climate change, in the form of a gradual increment in temperature, particularly in the autumn months, and a decrease in rainfall. This situation is responsible for the increment of the risk caused by the proximity of the populations to forest and agricultural areas because rural fires can jeopardize the safety of people and goods.
Leonel J. R. Nunes; Mauro A. M. Raposo; Carlos J. Pinto Gomes. A Historical Perspective of Landscape and Human Population Dynamics in Guimarães (Northern Portugal): Possible Implications of Rural Fire Risk in a Changing Environment. Fire 2021, 4, 49 .
AMA StyleLeonel J. R. Nunes, Mauro A. M. Raposo, Carlos J. Pinto Gomes. A Historical Perspective of Landscape and Human Population Dynamics in Guimarães (Northern Portugal): Possible Implications of Rural Fire Risk in a Changing Environment. Fire. 2021; 4 (3):49.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeonel J. R. Nunes; Mauro A. M. Raposo; Carlos J. Pinto Gomes. 2021. "A Historical Perspective of Landscape and Human Population Dynamics in Guimarães (Northern Portugal): Possible Implications of Rural Fire Risk in a Changing Environment." Fire 4, no. 3: 49.
Prunus lusitanica L. is a paleotropical relic species with an Ibero-Maghrebian distribution, which is presently considered as an endangered species, recognized by the Natura 2000 Network (92/43/EEC) as a priority habitat for conservation in Europe. The mountains in the Portuguese mainland central region offer the best location for this species to occur. The main objective of this study is to measure the current conservation status of the communities of P. lusitanica, through the collection of field data, such as the number of existing individuals of each population and their location, which will then be comparatively analyzed based on the previous literature, published at least 15 years ago. Soil characterization analysis was carried out and the main threats to conservation were identified. As a result, a decline of approximately 40% was observed in the number of individuals and in the quality of their habitat. The main threats to their conservation were found to be the seasonal occurrence of rural fires and the expansion of invasive species, such as Acacia dealbata Link and Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle. Finally, we present the main management methodologies that should be considered for the valorization of this important vegetational relic in the central region of mainland Portugal.
Mauro Raposo; Leonel Nunes; Ricardo Quinto-Canas; Sara del Río; Francisco Pardo; Ana Galveias; Carlos Pinto-Gomes. Prunus lusitanica L.: An Endangered Plant Species Relict in the Central Region of Mainland Portugal. Diversity 2021, 13, 359 .
AMA StyleMauro Raposo, Leonel Nunes, Ricardo Quinto-Canas, Sara del Río, Francisco Pardo, Ana Galveias, Carlos Pinto-Gomes. Prunus lusitanica L.: An Endangered Plant Species Relict in the Central Region of Mainland Portugal. Diversity. 2021; 13 (8):359.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMauro Raposo; Leonel Nunes; Ricardo Quinto-Canas; Sara del Río; Francisco Pardo; Ana Galveias; Carlos Pinto-Gomes. 2021. "Prunus lusitanica L.: An Endangered Plant Species Relict in the Central Region of Mainland Portugal." Diversity 13, no. 8: 359.
The rocky habitats of southern Portugal are ecosystems with extreme xericity conditions, associated with special abiotic strains. In these unstable ecological conditions, a considerable diversity of plant communities occurs. The objective of this study, carried out in the Algarve and Monchique, and the Mariánica Range biogeographical sectors, is to compare chasmo-chomophytic communities of the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, using a phytosociological approach (Braun–Blanquet methodology) and numerical analysis (hierarchical cluster analysis). From these results, two new communities were identified, Sanguisorbo rupicolae-Dianthetum crassipedis and Antirrhinetum onubensis, as a result of floristic and biogeographical differences from other associations already described within the alliances Rumici indurati-Dianthion lusitani and Calendulo lusitanicae-Antirrhinion linkiani, both included in the Phagnalo saxatilis-Rumicetea indurate class.
Ricardo Canas; Ana Cano-Ortiz; Giovanni Spampinato; Sara del Río; Mauro Raposo; José Fuentes; Carlos Gomes. Contribution to the Knowledge of Rocky Plant Communities of the Southwest Iberian Peninsula. Plants 2021, 10, 1590 .
AMA StyleRicardo Canas, Ana Cano-Ortiz, Giovanni Spampinato, Sara del Río, Mauro Raposo, José Fuentes, Carlos Gomes. Contribution to the Knowledge of Rocky Plant Communities of the Southwest Iberian Peninsula. Plants. 2021; 10 (8):1590.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Canas; Ana Cano-Ortiz; Giovanni Spampinato; Sara del Río; Mauro Raposo; José Fuentes; Carlos Gomes. 2021. "Contribution to the Knowledge of Rocky Plant Communities of the Southwest Iberian Peninsula." Plants 10, no. 8: 1590.
The accumulation of biomass fuels resulting from the growth of heliophilous shrubs and small tree species at the edge of forests and on scrub and pasture lands contributes to the increased risk of rural fires in Mediterranean climate regions. This situation has been managed with a set of legislative measures launched with the objective of promoting cleaning and the control of these species. Areas of scrub and pasture already constitute the largest part of the annually burnt area in Portugal, resulting in high-intensity fires. In the present study, shrubs and small tree species were characterized in the laboratory. Thermogravimetric, chemical and calorimetric analyses for the evaluation of the potential for the energy recovery of the selected species were carried out. It was observed that energetic valorization (i.e., to enhance the value by planned actions) of these species is difficult because they present high levels of ash and metals, becoming prone to the occurrence of fouling and slagging phenomena. Thus, the creation of value chains that justify the incorporation of these materials becomes very difficult, except if used in non-certified, small-scale and locally based processes. The possibility of recovery through thermochemical conversion processes, such as torrefaction, pyrolysis or gasification, must be studied so that more efficient and feasible recovery alternatives can be found, allowing for the creation of value chains for these residual materials to promote their sustainable management and, thus, mitigate the risk of rural fires occurring.
Leonel Nunes; Mauro Raposo; Catarina Meireles; Carlos Gomes; Nuno Ribeiro. Energy Recovery of Shrub Species as a Path to Reduce the Risk of Occurrence of Rural Fires: A Case Study in Serra da Estrela Natural Park (Portugal). Fire 2021, 4, 33 .
AMA StyleLeonel Nunes, Mauro Raposo, Catarina Meireles, Carlos Gomes, Nuno Ribeiro. Energy Recovery of Shrub Species as a Path to Reduce the Risk of Occurrence of Rural Fires: A Case Study in Serra da Estrela Natural Park (Portugal). Fire. 2021; 4 (3):33.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeonel Nunes; Mauro Raposo; Catarina Meireles; Carlos Gomes; Nuno Ribeiro. 2021. "Energy Recovery of Shrub Species as a Path to Reduce the Risk of Occurrence of Rural Fires: A Case Study in Serra da Estrela Natural Park (Portugal)." Fire 4, no. 3: 33.
Several studies have been conducted in the past to clarify various aspects of species in the genus Juniperus L. One critical group is Juniperus oxycedrus L., especially from the taxonomical point of view. For this reason, we have studied the ecology, taxonomy and distribution of the taxa in the J. oxycedrus group. From an ecological and distribution standpoint, in this work we use the ombroedaphoxeric index (Ioex) to explain the presence of Juniperus populations in ombrotypes that are not optimum for these taxa. The controversy over the taxonomy of J. oxycedrus subsp. badia (H. Gay) Debeaux and J. oxycedrus subsp. lagunae (Pau ex C. Vicioso) Rivas Mart. is clarified, and it is accepted as a valid name, J. oxycedrus subsp. badia. The phytochemical differences in essential oils (EO) are addressed and their similarities analyzed; greater similarities are observed between oxycedrus and badia, and between navicularis Gand. and macrocarpa (Sm.) Ball. species. The phytochemical, molecular and distribution differences allow J. oxycedrus subsp. macrocarpa (Sm.) Ball and J. navicularis Gand. to be maintained as species. The results obtained make it possible to establish the rank to which the taxa belong and allow clear discrimination between species in groups that are difficult to interpret. Ecological, bioclimatic, phytochemical and morphometric similarities allow us to subordinate the subsp. macrocarpa to the species J. navicularis.
Ana Cano Ortiz; Giovanni Spampinato; José Piñar Fuentes; Carlos Pinto Gomes; Ricardo Quinto-Canas; Eusebio Cano. Taxonomy, Ecology and Distribution of Juniperus oxycedrus L. Group in the Mediterranean Basin Using Bioclimatic, Phytochemical and Morphometric Approaches, with Special Reference to the Iberian Peninsula. Forests 2021, 12, 703 .
AMA StyleAna Cano Ortiz, Giovanni Spampinato, José Piñar Fuentes, Carlos Pinto Gomes, Ricardo Quinto-Canas, Eusebio Cano. Taxonomy, Ecology and Distribution of Juniperus oxycedrus L. Group in the Mediterranean Basin Using Bioclimatic, Phytochemical and Morphometric Approaches, with Special Reference to the Iberian Peninsula. Forests. 2021; 12 (6):703.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Cano Ortiz; Giovanni Spampinato; José Piñar Fuentes; Carlos Pinto Gomes; Ricardo Quinto-Canas; Eusebio Cano. 2021. "Taxonomy, Ecology and Distribution of Juniperus oxycedrus L. Group in the Mediterranean Basin Using Bioclimatic, Phytochemical and Morphometric Approaches, with Special Reference to the Iberian Peninsula." Forests 12, no. 6: 703.
The study of heathlands dominated by Erica australis, E. umbellata and Cistus populifolius in the centre and west of the Iberian Peninsula allows us to separate the eight shrubland communities. The taxonomic analysis of E. australis distinguishes two subspecies: E. australis subsp. australis and E. australis subsp. aragonensis. The statistical treatment confirms the differences between the suballiances Ericenion aragonensis and Ericenion umbellatae. This ecological, bioclimatic, biogeographical and floristic study has allowed us to differentiate three new associations from the remaining five: TCp = Teucrio oxylepis-Cistetum populifolii nova. HEau = Halimio ocymoidis-Ericetum australis nova. DEu = Drosophyllo lusitanicae-Ericetum umbellatae nova. ECp = Erico australis-Cistetum populifolii Rivas Goday 1964. PCp = Polygalo microphyllae-Cistetum populifolii Rivas Goday 1964. HEa = Halimio ocymoidis-Ericetum aragonensis Rivas-Martínez 1979. HEu = Halimio ocymoidis-Ericetum umbellatae Rivas Goday 1964. UEu = Ulici eriocladi-Ericetum umbellatae.
José Piñar Fuentes; Mauro Raposo; Carlos Pinto Gomes; Sara Del Río González; Giovanni Spampinato; Eusebio Cano. New Contributions to the Ericion umbellatae Alliance in the Central Iberian Peninsula. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5639 .
AMA StyleJosé Piñar Fuentes, Mauro Raposo, Carlos Pinto Gomes, Sara Del Río González, Giovanni Spampinato, Eusebio Cano. New Contributions to the Ericion umbellatae Alliance in the Central Iberian Peninsula. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (10):5639.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Piñar Fuentes; Mauro Raposo; Carlos Pinto Gomes; Sara Del Río González; Giovanni Spampinato; Eusebio Cano. 2021. "New Contributions to the Ericion umbellatae Alliance in the Central Iberian Peninsula." Sustainability 13, no. 10: 5639.
Biological invasions are of complex solution, consuming resources for their control and eradication. However, in many of the documented processes that are available, this is an attempt with no solution in sight. The possibility of increasing the pressure over these species while creating value chains has been presented as a method for ensuring the sustainability of their control and eradication processes. In the case of invasive forest species in Portugal, such as Acacia dealbata Link, this control is becoming increasingly important. In addition to the negative impacts on biodiversity, the proliferation of this species has economic implications due to its competition with forest production species such as Pinus pinaster Aiton and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Another critical aspect to be considered is the increase of the risk of rural fires, which is enhanced by the accumulation of low-value biomass around production forests. In this work, the possibility of using this species as a vehicle for the capture and sequestration of carbon in the medium and long-term was evaluated from a perspective of providing ecosystem services as a measure to mitigate climate change. However, due to its highly heliophilous character, it was found that the growth capacity of this species is rapidly conditioned by the position of each tree within a stand, not being able to maintain that capacity in the medium and long term.
Leonel Nunes; Mauro Raposo; Catarina Meireles; Carlos Pinto Gomes; Nuno Almeida Ribeiro. Carbon Sequestration Potential of Forest Invasive Species: A Case Study with Acacia dealbata Link. Resources 2021, 10, 51 .
AMA StyleLeonel Nunes, Mauro Raposo, Catarina Meireles, Carlos Pinto Gomes, Nuno Almeida Ribeiro. Carbon Sequestration Potential of Forest Invasive Species: A Case Study with Acacia dealbata Link. Resources. 2021; 10 (5):51.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeonel Nunes; Mauro Raposo; Catarina Meireles; Carlos Pinto Gomes; Nuno Almeida Ribeiro. 2021. "Carbon Sequestration Potential of Forest Invasive Species: A Case Study with Acacia dealbata Link." Resources 10, no. 5: 51.
Biological invasions can affect ecosystems in different ways. Invasive forest species, such as Acacia dealbata Link., affect forests’ productivity, because they compete directly with native species for access to light and nutrients, contributing to the loss of biodiversity. In this study, an area occupied by A. dealbata, located in Casal do Rei (Seia, Portugal) was studied to evaluate the influence of fire in the dispersion of this species, analyzing the historical occurrence of rural fires in the region, as well as through the determination of its annual biomass production and comparing its growth with other species using satellite images. The research shows a competitive advantage for A. dealbata, even when compared to species, such as Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus pinaster, which practically disappeared from the location under study after a significant fire occurred in 2005, while A. dealbata continued to thrive.
Leonel Nunes; Mauro Raposo; Catarina Meireles; Carlos Gomes; Nuno Ribeiro. The Impact of Rural Fires on the Development of Invasive Species: Analysis of a Case Study with Acacia dealbata Link. in Casal do Rei (Seia, Portugal). Environments 2021, 8, 44 .
AMA StyleLeonel Nunes, Mauro Raposo, Catarina Meireles, Carlos Gomes, Nuno Ribeiro. The Impact of Rural Fires on the Development of Invasive Species: Analysis of a Case Study with Acacia dealbata Link. in Casal do Rei (Seia, Portugal). Environments. 2021; 8 (5):44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeonel Nunes; Mauro Raposo; Catarina Meireles; Carlos Gomes; Nuno Ribeiro. 2021. "The Impact of Rural Fires on the Development of Invasive Species: Analysis of a Case Study with Acacia dealbata Link. in Casal do Rei (Seia, Portugal)." Environments 8, no. 5: 44.
Vegetation natural heritage can be valued in itself, but also as a habitat for many wildlife species. This study presents a methodological essay concerning the evaluation of plant heritage, applied in Central Alentejo, in the south of Portugal. This evaluation was based on the following criteria: horizontal and vertical structure of vegetation, tree cover density, rare plant species richness, phytocenotic maturity, importance as ecological corridor, historical record, scientific and educational potential and recreational potential. The vegetation heritage value (VHV) was calculated using a linear combination of the weighted criteria. In this way it was possible to identify the most interesting areas for conservation purposes. Of the 7500 km2 analyzed, 52% are natural and semi-natural areas, and of these, 18.8% have very high VHV, 70.7% have high VHV and only 10.5% average VHV. The highest VHV areas are actually included under the protected areas of Natura 2000 sites.
Teresa Batista; José de Mascarenhas; Paula Mendes; Carlos Pinto-Gomes. Assessing Vegetation Heritage Value: The Alentejo Central (Portugal) as a Case Study. Land 2021, 10, 307 .
AMA StyleTeresa Batista, José de Mascarenhas, Paula Mendes, Carlos Pinto-Gomes. Assessing Vegetation Heritage Value: The Alentejo Central (Portugal) as a Case Study. Land. 2021; 10 (3):307.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeresa Batista; José de Mascarenhas; Paula Mendes; Carlos Pinto-Gomes. 2021. "Assessing Vegetation Heritage Value: The Alentejo Central (Portugal) as a Case Study." Land 10, no. 3: 307.
The holm oak woodlands as ecotonic phytocoenoses occur under different ecological conditions, and frequently representing the climax of edaphoxerophilous series of crests and siliceous rocky areas. In this paper we study the floristic, ecological, and biogeographical differences of the edaphoxerophilous holm oak woodlands of the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, included in the Querco rotundifoliae-Oleenion sylvestris suballiance. Our phytosociological (Braun–Blanquet methodology) and numerical analysis (hierarchical cluster analysis) of three formerly described association and our own samples lead us to propose a new association: Ulici argentei-Quercetum rotundifoliae, growing mostly on semihyperoceanic Monchique Sierran Biogeographic District, on rocky slopes and outcrops derived from schists and greywackes. Moreover, we present an overview of ecological features and the diversity of plant communities occurring in the serial dynamic of the thermophile holm oak woodlands of the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula.
Ricardo Quinto Canas; Ana Cano-Ortiz; Carmelo Musarella; Sara del Río; Mauro Raposo; José Fuentes; Carlos Gomes. Quercus rotundifolia Lam. Woodlands of the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula. Land 2021, 10, 268 .
AMA StyleRicardo Quinto Canas, Ana Cano-Ortiz, Carmelo Musarella, Sara del Río, Mauro Raposo, José Fuentes, Carlos Gomes. Quercus rotundifolia Lam. Woodlands of the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula. Land. 2021; 10 (3):268.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Quinto Canas; Ana Cano-Ortiz; Carmelo Musarella; Sara del Río; Mauro Raposo; José Fuentes; Carlos Gomes. 2021. "Quercus rotundifolia Lam. Woodlands of the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula." Land 10, no. 3: 268.
In the present work, we studied the effect of herbicide use on extensive olive grove cultivation. To carry out this study, we analysed the effect that herbicide use had on biodiversity, vegetation cover and soil water content. For this purpose, 96 vegetation and soil sampling points were first taken, then georeferenced, and for each sampling point, several bioclimatic variables were interpolated. We concluded that the management of cover crops with herbicides over a long period of time resulted in a decrease in biodiversity, and the dominance of some species that were more resistant to herbicides was increased. Another finding was that the vegetation cover was reduced in the resampling in cases with herbicide management and that the location within the cropland (under the tree canopy, road, boundary or pasture) also has an influence. Finally, the study of soil moisture shows that soil water content was lower in the case of management with herbicides than in the case of management without herbicides. This loss of soil moisture was more accentuated and faster in areas with less vegetation cover. This work highlights the need to change the management models for tree crops in order to preserve biodiversity, soil quality and optimise water resources in a context of accelerated climate change in one of the regions most severely affected by global warming, the Mediterranean belt.
J.C. Piñar Fuentes; Felipe Leiva; Ana Cano-Ortiz; Carmelo Musarella; Ricardo Quinto-Canas; Carlos Pinto-Gomes; Eusebio Cano. Impact of Grass Cover Management with Herbicides on Biodiversity, Soil Cover and Humidity in Olive Groves in the Southern Iberian. Agronomy 2021, 11, 412 .
AMA StyleJ.C. Piñar Fuentes, Felipe Leiva, Ana Cano-Ortiz, Carmelo Musarella, Ricardo Quinto-Canas, Carlos Pinto-Gomes, Eusebio Cano. Impact of Grass Cover Management with Herbicides on Biodiversity, Soil Cover and Humidity in Olive Groves in the Southern Iberian. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (3):412.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ.C. Piñar Fuentes; Felipe Leiva; Ana Cano-Ortiz; Carmelo Musarella; Ricardo Quinto-Canas; Carlos Pinto-Gomes; Eusebio Cano. 2021. "Impact of Grass Cover Management with Herbicides on Biodiversity, Soil Cover and Humidity in Olive Groves in the Southern Iberian." Agronomy 11, no. 3: 412.
The habitat of the several territories in Ciudad Real (Castilla-La Mancha, Spain) are studued through the and mapping (scale 1:10.000) and vegetation analysis. The distribution and surface of the habitat presents in the Sites of Community Interest (SCIs), as well as pressures, threats, trends, and state of conservation are described. These site contributes significantly to the maintenance or restoration at a favourable conservation status of a natural habitat type or of a species of community intesess.These specially protected areas are part of the Natura 2000 network. We discuss the diversity of forest habitats characterized by species of the genus Quercus L., focusing only on the plant communities in the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC of 1992, regarding the conservation of fauna and flora and habitats of interest owing to their endemic or rare character. Habitats and species must be studied in combination to ensure the maximum reliability of the results. We concentrate on habitats with low representation in the territory as a consequence of their rarity or endemicity. We study the following habitats of special interest: 9230—Mediterranean-Ibero-Atlantic and Galaico-Portuguese oak woods of Quercus robur and Quercus pyrenaica; 9240—Iberian oaks of Quercus faginea and Quercus canarinsis; 9320 – Thermomediterranean forests of Olea and Ceratonia (Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands); 9540—Mediterranean pine forests of endemic Pinus pinaster (Pinus pinaster subsp. Acutisquama); 9560—Endemic forests with Juniperus spp.; 5210. Arborescent scrub with Juniperus spp.
Ana Cano-Ortiz; Carmelo Musarella; Jose Piñar Fuentes; Ricardo Quinto Canas; Carlos Pinto Gomes; Giovanni Spampinato; Jehad Ighbareyeh; Sara del Río; Eusebio Cano. Forest and Arborescent Scrub Habitats of Special Interest for SCIs in Central Spain. Land 2021, 10, 183 .
AMA StyleAna Cano-Ortiz, Carmelo Musarella, Jose Piñar Fuentes, Ricardo Quinto Canas, Carlos Pinto Gomes, Giovanni Spampinato, Jehad Ighbareyeh, Sara del Río, Eusebio Cano. Forest and Arborescent Scrub Habitats of Special Interest for SCIs in Central Spain. Land. 2021; 10 (2):183.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Cano-Ortiz; Carmelo Musarella; Jose Piñar Fuentes; Ricardo Quinto Canas; Carlos Pinto Gomes; Giovanni Spampinato; Jehad Ighbareyeh; Sara del Río; Eusebio Cano. 2021. "Forest and Arborescent Scrub Habitats of Special Interest for SCIs in Central Spain." Land 10, no. 2: 183.
A study was conducted on 14 grassland communities located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula and their edaphology, which is identified as specific plant associations. The edaphic study of each association allows a rapid evaluation of the nutrient content in the soil without the need for laboratory edaphic analysis. For each phytosociological relevé and soil, samplings were carried out. The field data were subjected to various statistical analysis—canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), Bayesian networks, and decision trees—to establish nutrient content. When the abundance value of the species is 9 in the Van der Maarel scale, there is an increase in the values of several soil parameters. In the case of Hordeum leporinum, when the Van der Maarel index is 9, the Kc (exchangeable potassium in cmol/kg) undergoes the greatest variation, to a value of up to 0.729 cmol/kg. The application of the decision tree to this species reveals that the soil attributes with the greatest influence in the classification are conductivity, %_si (silt texture), pH, and pF 15 atm (pressure at 15 atmospheres (water retention capacity) in %). Indeed, this interlaced edaphic and phytosociological study provides us with a high-value tool to obtain quick information on the content of nutrients in the soil.
Ana Cano-Ortiz; Carmelo M. Musarella; José C. Piñar Fuentes; Carlos J. Pinto Gomes; Ricardo Quinto-Canas; Sara Del Río; Eusebio Cano. Indicative Value of the Dominant Plant Species for a Rapid Evaluation of the Nutritional Value of Soils. Agronomy 2020, 11, 1 .
AMA StyleAna Cano-Ortiz, Carmelo M. Musarella, José C. Piñar Fuentes, Carlos J. Pinto Gomes, Ricardo Quinto-Canas, Sara Del Río, Eusebio Cano. Indicative Value of the Dominant Plant Species for a Rapid Evaluation of the Nutritional Value of Soils. Agronomy. 2020; 11 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Cano-Ortiz; Carmelo M. Musarella; José C. Piñar Fuentes; Carlos J. Pinto Gomes; Ricardo Quinto-Canas; Sara Del Río; Eusebio Cano. 2020. "Indicative Value of the Dominant Plant Species for a Rapid Evaluation of the Nutritional Value of Soils." Agronomy 11, no. 1: 1.
The recurrent rural fires that occur annually in Portugal have reached great proportions due to a lack of effective landscape management. Attempts to solve this problem led to the legal imposition to cut back the vegetation in the fuel management areas, which has had a negative effect on biodiversity. National legislation protects three native plant species (Quercus suber, Q. rotundifolia and Ilex aquifolium). European legislation, through the Habitats Directive, also identifies some plant species that require strict protection, although it leaves out several endemic and rare plants. In this work we aim to differentiate the types of shrub plant material and their pyrophilic behavior, since the physical and chemical characteristics of vegetation can enhance or inhibit the progression of fire. Thus, based on phytosociological science, specifically at the class level, the dynamics of potential climatophilous vegetation in Portugal are presented and the classes that should be prioritized for control are identified. Based on ecology, it was possible to identify morphological patterns of vegetation. In short, the genera targeted for control under the National Forest Fire Protection Plan belong to the furthest states from the mature potential of a forest, generally consisting of heliophile shrubs and typically growing in degraded soils. The shrub species to be valued belong to dynamic states closer to the mature potential, consisting mainly of broad-leaved shrubs and those growing in better-preserved soils.
Mauro A.M. Raposo; Carlos J. Pinto Gomes; Leonel J.R. Nunes. Selective Shrub Management to Preserve Mediterranean Forests and Reduce the Risk of Fire: The Case of Mainland Portugal. Fire 2020, 3, 65 .
AMA StyleMauro A.M. Raposo, Carlos J. Pinto Gomes, Leonel J.R. Nunes. Selective Shrub Management to Preserve Mediterranean Forests and Reduce the Risk of Fire: The Case of Mainland Portugal. Fire. 2020; 3 (4):65.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMauro A.M. Raposo; Carlos J. Pinto Gomes; Leonel J.R. Nunes. 2020. "Selective Shrub Management to Preserve Mediterranean Forests and Reduce the Risk of Fire: The Case of Mainland Portugal." Fire 3, no. 4: 65.
Tourism activity has a very significant weight in the world economy, even being the main activity responsible for the export of many countries, in the form of providing services to foreign citizens. In mainland Portugal, the main tourist region is the Algarve, where beach tourism, known as sun and sea tourism, plays a decisive role. However, this activity also has its negative impacts. In the present work, a case study was analyzed, at Praia da Cova Redonda, located in the parish of Porches, in the municipality of Lagoa. Negative impacts on land use and occupation were identified, caused by the excessive presence of people, the introduction of invasive species and the artificial filling of beaches. At the end, a set of mitigating measures are presented that aim to ensure that the exploitation of natural resources can be maintained, but in a perspective of preservation and recovery of natural resources and biodiversity.
Leonel J. R. Nunes; Mauro A. M. Raposo; Carlos J. Pinto Gomes. The Impact of Tourism Activity on Coastal Biodiversity: A Case Study at Praia da Cova Redonda (Algarve—Portugal). Environments 2020, 7, 88 .
AMA StyleLeonel J. R. Nunes, Mauro A. M. Raposo, Carlos J. Pinto Gomes. The Impact of Tourism Activity on Coastal Biodiversity: A Case Study at Praia da Cova Redonda (Algarve—Portugal). Environments. 2020; 7 (10):88.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeonel J. R. Nunes; Mauro A. M. Raposo; Carlos J. Pinto Gomes. 2020. "The Impact of Tourism Activity on Coastal Biodiversity: A Case Study at Praia da Cova Redonda (Algarve—Portugal)." Environments 7, no. 10: 88.
Willow communities (genus Salix) occurring in Mediterranean Europe are presented, showing, through statistical treatment with multivariate cluster analysis, the separation of the different plant communities and their sintaxonomic affiliation. Six willow communities have been identified, whose formations include a set of plants with high heritage value. We highlight plants with legal protection status (Annex IV and II of the Habitats Directive-92/43/EEC), endemic, rare, and endangered species such as Salix salviifolia subsp. australis, Cheirolophus uliginosus, Euphorbia uliginosa and Leuzea longifolia. Therefore, two new willow communities are proposed for the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. The first dominated by Salix atrocinerea, Frangulo baticae-Salicetum atrocinereae ass. nova of ribatagan distribution, under acid substrates, thermomediterranean to lower mesomediterranean, dry to sub-humid. The second, dominated by the endemic Salix salviifolia subsp. australis, Clematis flammulae-Salicetum australis distributed in the Algarve, developing on neutral-basic substrates, exclusively thermomediterranous, dry to sub-humid. In both cases, there are presented on their own floristic serial, ecology, and substitution steps. A new hygrophytic meadows was also identified dominated by Molinia caerulea subsp. arundinaceae, Cheirolopho uliginosii-Molinietum arundinaceae ass. new hoc loco, which lives on substrates rich in organic matter, exclusive to the Ribatagano Sector. Through the deepening of knowledge about the composition and dynamics of riparian vegetation, it is possible to adapt management methods to sustain and protect these important edafo-hygrophilic systems in the Mediterranean.
Mauro Raposo; Ricardo Quinto-Canas; Ana Cano-Ortiz; Giovanni Spampinato; Carlos Pinto Gomes. Originalities of Willow of Salix atrocinerea Brot. in Mediterranean Europe. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8019 .
AMA StyleMauro Raposo, Ricardo Quinto-Canas, Ana Cano-Ortiz, Giovanni Spampinato, Carlos Pinto Gomes. Originalities of Willow of Salix atrocinerea Brot. in Mediterranean Europe. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):8019.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMauro Raposo; Ricardo Quinto-Canas; Ana Cano-Ortiz; Giovanni Spampinato; Carlos Pinto Gomes. 2020. "Originalities of Willow of Salix atrocinerea Brot. in Mediterranean Europe." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 8019.
Bioclimatology is the basis for a better understanding of the functioning of animals and plants, together with populations and communities: this is why the study and interpretation of the bioclimatic indices is done here. For this, meteorological station data are used, but when such data are not available, it is necessary to use thermoclimatic and ombroclimatic bioindicators. The fundamental indices that should be taken into consideration are the index of continentality (Ic), which marks the annual thermic range by which the plant activity period (PAV) can be established; ombrothermic index (Io), which measures the ombrotype of the station; thermicity index and compensated thermicity index, which mark the territory’s thermotype (It/Itc). Based on the value of these indices and the presence or absence of bioindicators, we propose planning urban and agricultural development.
Ana Cano-Ortiz; José Carlos Piñar Fuentes; Ricardo José Quinto Canas; Carlos José Pinto Gomes; Eusebio Cano. Analysis of the Relationship Between Bioclimatology and Sustainable Development. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes 2020, 1291 -1301.
AMA StyleAna Cano-Ortiz, José Carlos Piñar Fuentes, Ricardo José Quinto Canas, Carlos José Pinto Gomes, Eusebio Cano. Analysis of the Relationship Between Bioclimatology and Sustainable Development. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes. 2020; ():1291-1301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Cano-Ortiz; José Carlos Piñar Fuentes; Ricardo José Quinto Canas; Carlos José Pinto Gomes; Eusebio Cano. 2020. "Analysis of the Relationship Between Bioclimatology and Sustainable Development." Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes , no. : 1291-1301.
Currently, the occurrence of thermophile cork oak communities is becoming exceptionally rare, which can be attributed to the long-lasting impact of human agroforestry and grazing land-use practices. In this work we identified the thermophilous cork oak vegetation series of southwestern of the Iberian Peninsula and present an overview of ecologic factors and processes controlling the diversity of plant communities observed in their dynamic, as well as, the characteristic vascular flora, including species with special conservation interest, is here presented. This information allows the development of sustainable management, which may enhance both biodiversity and conservation. Moreover, the sustainable economic activities of the cork oak forests, regarding to enhance their capacity to provide benefits that are essential for ecosystem services is developed and presented.
Ricardo Quinto-Canas; Ana Cano-Ortiz; Mauro Raposo; José Carlos Piñar Fuentes; Eusebio Cano; Neuza Barbosa; Carlos José Pinto Gomes. Cork Oak Vegetation Series of Southwestern Iberian Peninsula: Diversity and Ecosystem Services. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes 2020, 1279 -1290.
AMA StyleRicardo Quinto-Canas, Ana Cano-Ortiz, Mauro Raposo, José Carlos Piñar Fuentes, Eusebio Cano, Neuza Barbosa, Carlos José Pinto Gomes. Cork Oak Vegetation Series of Southwestern Iberian Peninsula: Diversity and Ecosystem Services. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes. 2020; ():1279-1290.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Quinto-Canas; Ana Cano-Ortiz; Mauro Raposo; José Carlos Piñar Fuentes; Eusebio Cano; Neuza Barbosa; Carlos José Pinto Gomes. 2020. "Cork Oak Vegetation Series of Southwestern Iberian Peninsula: Diversity and Ecosystem Services." Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes , no. : 1279-1290.
Climate change has enhanced the occurrence of rural fires, since changes in the hydrological cycle have led to the occurrence of increasingly long and frequent periods of drought. This recurrence of rural fires in Portugal, in turn, has led to the successive elimination of vast areas traditionally occupied by native species or species of economic interest, which are being successively replaced by new species with invasive behavior. Among these, Acacia dealbata stands out for its dispersion capacity and for the area it has already occupied. In the present work, which reviews the evolution of forest cover over the last 18,000 years in the Serra da Estrela Natural Park, we intend to demonstrate that fire acts as a species selection agent and that it enhances the development of heliophile and pyrophyte species. For this purpose, an area of the municipality of Seia was selected, more specifically Casal do Rei, where the development of Acacia dealbata forests is monitored. In the end, it was concluded that, in fact, by analyzing the ages of the specimens present in these populations, fire acts as a selection agent by freeing up the space previously occupied by other species, opening the way for the growth of heliophiles and pyrophytes invasive species while enhancing their germination.
Leonel J. R. Nunes; Mauro A. M. Raposo; Catarina I. R. Meireles; Carlos J. Pinto Gomes; Nuno M. C. Almeida Ribeiro. Fire as a Selection Agent for the Dissemination of Invasive Species: Case Study on the Evolution of Forest Coverage. Environments 2020, 7, 57 .
AMA StyleLeonel J. R. Nunes, Mauro A. M. Raposo, Catarina I. R. Meireles, Carlos J. Pinto Gomes, Nuno M. C. Almeida Ribeiro. Fire as a Selection Agent for the Dissemination of Invasive Species: Case Study on the Evolution of Forest Coverage. Environments. 2020; 7 (8):57.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeonel J. R. Nunes; Mauro A. M. Raposo; Catarina I. R. Meireles; Carlos J. Pinto Gomes; Nuno M. C. Almeida Ribeiro. 2020. "Fire as a Selection Agent for the Dissemination of Invasive Species: Case Study on the Evolution of Forest Coverage." Environments 7, no. 8: 57.
The study of the forest in rainy environments of the Dominican Republic reveals the presence of four types of vegetation formations, clearly differentiated from each other in terms of their floristic and biogeographical composition, and also significantly different from the rainforests of Cuba. This leads us to propose two new alliances and four plant associations located in northern mountain areas exposed to moisture-laden winds from the Atlantic: All. Rondeletio ochraceae-Clusion roseae (Ass. Cyatheo furfuracei-Prestoetum motanae; Ass. Ormosio krugii-Prestoetum montanae); and All. Rondeletio ochraceae-Didymopanion tremuli (Ass. Hyeronimo montanae-Magnolietum pallescentis; Hyeronimo dominguensis-Magnolietum hamorii). We pay special attention to the description of cloud forest types, since they have a high rate of endemic species, and therefore there are endemic habitats, which need special protective actions. Therefore, we apply the Shannon diversity index to characteristic, companion, non-endemic, and endemic species. As result, the association Ormosio krugii-Prestoetum montanae has a Shannon_T = 2.4 and a value of Shannon_E = 0, whereas the other 3 associations have a better conservation status with Shannon values in all cases > 0: This is due to a worse conservation status of the Eastern Cordillera, in comparison with the Central Cordillera and Sierra de Bhaoruco. Due to human activity, some areas are very poorly conserved, as evidenced by the diversity index and the presence of endemic tree and plant elements. The worst conserved in terms of the relationship between characteristic plants vegetation (cloud forest) in areas with high rainfall are in the Dominican Republic, along with its floristic diversity and state of conservation. This study has made it possible to significantly increase the botanical knowledge of this important habitat.
Ana Cano Ortiz; Carmelo Maria Musarella; Carlos José Pinto Gomes; Ricardo Quinto Canas; José Carlos Piñar Fuentes; Eusebio Cano. Phytosociological Study, Diversity and Conservation Status of the Cloud Forest in the Dominican Republic. Plants 2020, 9, 741 .
AMA StyleAna Cano Ortiz, Carmelo Maria Musarella, Carlos José Pinto Gomes, Ricardo Quinto Canas, José Carlos Piñar Fuentes, Eusebio Cano. Phytosociological Study, Diversity and Conservation Status of the Cloud Forest in the Dominican Republic. Plants. 2020; 9 (6):741.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Cano Ortiz; Carmelo Maria Musarella; Carlos José Pinto Gomes; Ricardo Quinto Canas; José Carlos Piñar Fuentes; Eusebio Cano. 2020. "Phytosociological Study, Diversity and Conservation Status of the Cloud Forest in the Dominican Republic." Plants 9, no. 6: 741.