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Dr. Cristian Barra
University of Salerno

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0 Economic Growth
0 Economics of Innovation
0 Education
0 Finance
0 Productivity analysis

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Economics of Innovation

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Short Biography

Current Position: Senior Assistant Professor of Economic Policy (Department of Economics and Statistics) at University of Salerno. Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Economics (Department of Economics and Statistics) at University of Salerno. PhD in Economics (Department of Economics and Statistics) at University of Salerno. MSc in Economics and Finance (Department of Economics and Statistics) at University of Naples (Federico II). Research Fields: Microeconomics (Finance and Growth); Applied Econometrics (Productivity and Efficiency)

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Original article
Published: 04 August 2021 in Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics
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In this study, we use a conventional Probit model to investigate the effects of banks’ cost efficiency on innovation in Italy. In particular, we assess whether the efficiency–innovation relation depends on the type of banking institutions, as we partition them according to whether they are cooperatives or non-cooperatives. When we examine the two types of financial intermediaries simultaneously, the higher efficiency among cooperative banks has a positive and significant effect on R&D collaborations with firms and consultants and process innovation, while higher efficiency among non-cooperative banks has a positive and significant effect on product innovation. When we consider each individually, the effect holds for cooperatives, but the opposite holds for non-cooperatives, as the positive and significant effect on product innovation vanishes. To deal with the likely endogeneity of bank efficiency, we also propose the application of an Instrumental Variable Probit (IV Probit) model. When we again jointly examine cooperative and non-cooperative banks, our evidence indicates that higher efficiency among non-cooperative banks enhances in-house R&D and both product and process innovations, while we find a non-significant effect for cooperative banks. However, when we individually examine the efficiency of each intermediary, we find evidence of a positive and significant effect on the process innovation for cooperative banks and of a positive relation between non-cooperative banks’ efficiency, in-house R&D and product and process innovations.

ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero. Firm innovation and local bank efficiency in Italy: Does the type of bank matter? Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Nazzareno Ruggiero. Firm innovation and local bank efficiency in Italy: Does the type of bank matter? Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero. 2021. "Firm innovation and local bank efficiency in Italy: Does the type of bank matter?" Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics , no. : 1.

Article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Journal of Financial Services Research
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In this study, we analyze the relation between market structure and financial stability both theoretically and empirically by considering two types of agents: profit-oriented banks and mutual cooperative banks in the context of Italy. The main findings show that under the condition that mutual cooperative banks are not dominated by borrowers, there is an inverted U-shaped relation in which a less concentrated market structure increases stability for both types of banks but a more concentrated market structure reduces it.

ACS Style

Adalgiso Amendola; Cristian Barra; Marinella Boccia; Anna Papaccio. Market Structure and Financial Stability: the Interaction between Profit-Oriented and Mutual Cooperative Banks in Italy. Journal of Financial Services Research 2021, 1 -25.

AMA Style

Adalgiso Amendola, Cristian Barra, Marinella Boccia, Anna Papaccio. Market Structure and Financial Stability: the Interaction between Profit-Oriented and Mutual Cooperative Banks in Italy. Journal of Financial Services Research. 2021; ():1-25.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adalgiso Amendola; Cristian Barra; Marinella Boccia; Anna Papaccio. 2021. "Market Structure and Financial Stability: the Interaction between Profit-Oriented and Mutual Cooperative Banks in Italy." Journal of Financial Services Research , no. : 1-25.

Article
Published: 26 May 2021 in Empirical Economics
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Regulators should ensure the smooth functioning of the system and promote regional development. Making the health of financial institutions is therefore a prerequisite for a sustainable economic development. This paper contributes to the literature on the relationship between the financial stability and growth within the area of one country. This implies that institutional, legal, and cultural factors are more adequately controlled for and financial markets are more accurately bounded. Using a rich sample of Italian banks over the 2001–2012 period, this paper addresses whether different measures of financial distress affect economic development of labour market areas in Italy. Results show that the financial stability has a positive effect on local economic development, robust to alternative variables capturing financial vulnerability. The presence of spatial effects is tested showing that better financial conditions of the banking system in neighbouring areas have a detrimental effect on an area’s growth.

ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. Financial stability and local economic development: the experience of Italian labour market areas. Empirical Economics 2021, 1 -29.

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Roberto Zotti. Financial stability and local economic development: the experience of Italian labour market areas. Empirical Economics. 2021; ():1-29.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. 2021. "Financial stability and local economic development: the experience of Italian labour market areas." Empirical Economics , no. : 1-29.

Journal article
Published: 16 March 2021 in Sustainability
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Using a sample of 19 OECD countries over the 1985–2011 period, we propose the application of fixed effects regression to appraise the impact of green energies on employment and to assess how the quality of institutions shapes the relationship. The evidence reported in this paper indicates that higher supply of green energies enhances employment, though the effect is crucially mediated by the quality of institutions, depending on the measure of institutional quality employed. Further, the relationship remains stable under both Kyoto agreements and the 2007 financial crisis.

ACS Style

Luigi Aldieri; Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero; Concetto Vinci. Green Energies, Employment, and Institutional Quality: Some Evidence for the OECD. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3252 .

AMA Style

Luigi Aldieri, Cristian Barra, Nazzareno Ruggiero, Concetto Vinci. Green Energies, Employment, and Institutional Quality: Some Evidence for the OECD. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3252.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luigi Aldieri; Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero; Concetto Vinci. 2021. "Green Energies, Employment, and Institutional Quality: Some Evidence for the OECD." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3252.

Journal article
Published: 13 December 2020 in Journal of Economics and Business
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This paper investigates the role of microeconomic and macroeconomic factors on Italian bank risk taking, paying particular attention on the differences between cooperative and non-cooperative banks. The non-performing loan ratio is used as dimension of bank risk taking. The data refer to a large sample of financial institutions covering the 2001−2014 period. We then assess whether the impact of microeconomic and macroeconomic factors is shaped by the market structure and investigate the effects of the 2008 financial crisis on banks’ risk taking. Our empirical findings have several of policy implications and can be summarised as follows: i) capitalisation, volume of credits, volume of costs and intermediation costs are the key microeconomic factors explaining credit quality; b) among the main macroeconomic factors, branch density, deposit density and specialisation have a significant effect on the variable of interest; c) the financial crisis determined an increase in banks’ credit rationing. Our results suggest that regulators, in changing banks’ incentives, can be effective in improving the quality of credits, therefore enhancing the stability of the financial system. Capital requirements, often considered as a proxy that captures the effects of Basel agreements, have been found to increase credit quality.

ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero. Do microeconomic and macroeconomic factors influence Italian bank credit risk in different local markets? Evidence from cooperative and non-cooperative banks. Journal of Economics and Business 2020, 114, 105976 .

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Nazzareno Ruggiero. Do microeconomic and macroeconomic factors influence Italian bank credit risk in different local markets? Evidence from cooperative and non-cooperative banks. Journal of Economics and Business. 2020; 114 ():105976.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero. 2020. "Do microeconomic and macroeconomic factors influence Italian bank credit risk in different local markets? Evidence from cooperative and non-cooperative banks." Journal of Economics and Business 114, no. : 105976.

Research article
Published: 22 May 2020 in Applied Economics
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Using data for a set of 823 R&D-intense manufacturing firms within the Triad and the Quality of Government (QoG) dataset over the 2002–2010 period, this article investigates the effects of institutional quality upon firms’ inefficiency, through the application of a Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA). Empirical evidence, which is robust to alternative specifications of the technology employed and different lag structures in R&D activities, reveals that improvements in the quality of institutions significantly reduce firms’ inefficiency and suggests that, among the set of relevant institutional factors considered, a pre-eminent role is found for the rule of law.

ACS Style

Luigi Aldieri; Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero; Concetto Paolo Vinci. Innovative performance effects of institutional quality: an empirical investigation from the Triad. Applied Economics 2020, 52, 5464 -5476.

AMA Style

Luigi Aldieri, Cristian Barra, Nazzareno Ruggiero, Concetto Paolo Vinci. Innovative performance effects of institutional quality: an empirical investigation from the Triad. Applied Economics. 2020; 52 (50):5464-5476.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luigi Aldieri; Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero; Concetto Paolo Vinci. 2020. "Innovative performance effects of institutional quality: an empirical investigation from the Triad." Applied Economics 52, no. 50: 5464-5476.

Original manuscript
Published: 09 May 2020 in Journal of Regional Science
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Using a survey on Italian graduates, we investigate whether universities’ degree production affects the economic development of the regions where academic institutions are located. To deal with suspected endogeneity between human capital development and economic growth, we employ an instrumental variable approach, using a global lump sum transferred to each university as an instrument for human capital production. Once we control for the regional flow of mobile students and graduates, the findings reveal the beneficial effect of the university system on local economic development through the gain in human capital. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Adalgiso Amendola; Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. Does graduate human capital production increase local economic development? An instrumental variable approach. Journal of Regional Science 2020, 60, 959 -994.

AMA Style

Adalgiso Amendola, Cristian Barra, Roberto Zotti. Does graduate human capital production increase local economic development? An instrumental variable approach. Journal of Regional Science. 2020; 60 (5):959-994.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adalgiso Amendola; Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. 2020. "Does graduate human capital production increase local economic development? An instrumental variable approach." Journal of Regional Science 60, no. 5: 959-994.

Article
Published: 09 April 2020 in The Journal of Technology Transfer
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Universities have become key elements in building regional innovation systems. However, even though academic research is important when firms choose universities as collaboration partners, a still open question in the literature is whether only top-tier universities are relevant for firm innovativeness. This paper investigates the effect of the volume of scientific publications on firm’s propensity to develop new product and processes and to what extent academic research has to be excellent in order to enhance local industrial innovation, taking into account that education may act as a channel of local university-based knowledge spillovers. Using data on manufacturing firms in seven European countries covering the period 2007–2009, a multivariate probit model is estimated to relate firm’s propensity to develop innovation to the level of provincial academic research and education. Results show that academic research has a direct impact on the firm’s propensity to develop innovation. Research at the second-tier university impacts product innovation more than that at first-tier one. Furthermore, the research output of the first-tier university exerts a detrimental effect on the development of process innovation whereas the research output of third- and lower-tier universities is beneficial. Research excellence, although very important, is not sufficient to explain university-based knowledge spillovers. It may be the case that academic research may enhance radical innovation of relatively few firms working on cutting-edge research, whereas less advanced academic research may be directly useful to incremental innovation of most local firms.

ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Ornella Wanda Maietta; Roberto Zotti. The effects of university academic research on firm’s propensity to innovate at local level: evidence from Europe. The Journal of Technology Transfer 2020, 46, 483 -530.

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Ornella Wanda Maietta, Roberto Zotti. The effects of university academic research on firm’s propensity to innovate at local level: evidence from Europe. The Journal of Technology Transfer. 2020; 46 (2):483-530.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Ornella Wanda Maietta; Roberto Zotti. 2020. "The effects of university academic research on firm’s propensity to innovate at local level: evidence from Europe." The Journal of Technology Transfer 46, no. 2: 483-530.

Article
Published: 17 February 2020 in Empirical Economics
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Using data for Italian banks over the 2001–2012 period, we assess the existence of a nonlinear relationship between finance and growth, through the application of alternative measures of financial development. We show that both branch density and aggregate credits over GDP positively contribute to economic performance. While the relationship between branch density and economic activity is shown to be monotonic, an inverted U-shape is found once aggregate credits to GDP are employed as the main measure of financial development. Evidence presented in this paper further reveals that concentrated markets, that is, monopolistic and oligopolistic markets, facilitate economic growth, especially when credits to GDP are employed. Several robustness checks confirm our findings.

ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero. The role of nonlinearity on the financial development–economic performance nexus: an econometric application to Italian banks. Empirical Economics 2020, 60, 2293 -2322.

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Nazzareno Ruggiero. The role of nonlinearity on the financial development–economic performance nexus: an econometric application to Italian banks. Empirical Economics. 2020; 60 (5):2293-2322.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero. 2020. "The role of nonlinearity on the financial development–economic performance nexus: an econometric application to Italian banks." Empirical Economics 60, no. 5: 2293-2322.

Earlycite article
Published: 23 November 2019 in Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance
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Purpose This paper aims to explore the relationship between bank market power and stability of financial institutions in Italy between 2001 and 2012. The authors first test the existence of a U-shaped relationship between market power and financial stability. Second, they regress the market share indicator on bank risk-taking to underline whether financial stability is affected by increasing or decreasing the market power of banks. Third, they explore whether this relationship is affected by the size, level of capitalization and credit insolvency of banks. Design/methodology/approach Relying on highly territorially disaggregated data at labor market areas level, the authors estimate the impact of bank market power and other explanatory variables on a proxy of risk taking behavior such as the banking “stability inefficiency” derived simultaneously from the estimation of a stability stochastic frontier. Bank market power is taken into account through an individual measure based on loans. Financial stability is calculated through the Z-score. The authors use, as risk-taking measure, the stability inefficiency whose estimation approach is the stochastic frontier analysis. Findings The empirical evidence shows that the inefficiency of financial stability is found to be U-shaped related with respect to the measure of market power. Bank size is an essential factor in explaining the relationship between bank market power and risk-taking. Cooperative banks have fewer incentives to gain market power to better perform in term of risks. The reform of the cooperative banks that took recently place in Italy is not supported by the data. Originality/value The relationship between bank market power and financial stability has been analyzed using a rich sample of cooperative, commercial and popular banks in Italy over the 2001-2012 period. The authors rely on labor market areas being sub-regional geographical areas where the bulk of the labor force lives and works. The paper investigates the market power-stability link considering both cooperative and non-cooperative banks. Indeed, specific attention has been paid on cooperative banks because of their mission in favor of the local community as only few studies, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, examine cooperative banking.

ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. Market power and stability of financial institutions: evidence from the Italian banking sector. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 2019, 28, 235 -265.

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Roberto Zotti. Market power and stability of financial institutions: evidence from the Italian banking sector. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance. 2019; 28 (2):235-265.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. 2019. "Market power and stability of financial institutions: evidence from the Italian banking sector." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 28, no. 2: 235-265.

Articles
Published: 03 November 2019 in Economics of Innovation and New Technology
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This paper explores the firm-level relationship between product, process, organizational and marketing innovation activities and firm productivity. We propose a structural model that relates R&D decisions, innovation activities, and productivity by using a version of the model developed by [Crépon, B., E. Duguet, and J. Mairesse. (1998). “Research, Innovation and Productivity: An Econometric Analysis at the Firm Level.” Economics of Innovation and New Technology 7: 115–158] and empirically analyze the drivers of firms’ innovation strategies as well as which combination has effects on firm's economic productivity. Results show that R&D expenditures are an important predictor of all types of innovation as well as an important indirect driver of firm productivity through innovation activities. Both process and product innovation have positive effects on firm's economic productivity, especially when they are jointly conducted. Organizational activities are beneficial also for other types of innovation and especially for process innovation. The introduction of a new product on the market may raise productivity if complemented by marketing innovations. Results are driven by firms that have invested the most in new equipment and machinery.

ACS Style

Luigi Aldieri; Cristian Barra; Concetto Paolo Vinci; Roberto Zotti. The joint impact of different types of innovation on firm's productivity: evidence from Italy. Economics of Innovation and New Technology 2019, 30, 151 -182.

AMA Style

Luigi Aldieri, Cristian Barra, Concetto Paolo Vinci, Roberto Zotti. The joint impact of different types of innovation on firm's productivity: evidence from Italy. Economics of Innovation and New Technology. 2019; 30 (2):151-182.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luigi Aldieri; Cristian Barra; Concetto Paolo Vinci; Roberto Zotti. 2019. "The joint impact of different types of innovation on firm's productivity: evidence from Italy." Economics of Innovation and New Technology 30, no. 2: 151-182.

Journal article
Published: 30 July 2019 in Applied Economics
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ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero; Roberto Zotti. Short- and long-term relation between economic development and government spending: the role of quality of institutions. Applied Economics 2019, 52, 987 -1009.

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Nazzareno Ruggiero, Roberto Zotti. Short- and long-term relation between economic development and government spending: the role of quality of institutions. Applied Economics. 2019; 52 (9):987-1009.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero; Roberto Zotti. 2019. "Short- and long-term relation between economic development and government spending: the role of quality of institutions." Applied Economics 52, no. 9: 987-1009.

Journal article
Published: 22 July 2019 in Sustainability
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Using data for a set of 19 OECD economies over the 1985–2013 period, we analyzed the effects of green energies on employment through the application of a fixed effects model. After controlling for a set of labor market institutions, innovation, financial development, and three dimensions of globalization, we found evidence of a positive and significant relationship between green energies and employment. Specifically, a 10% increase in the amount of green energies was found to determine a 0.3% increase in employment. Our results are robust to alternative specifications and to possible external shocks. The findings presented in this paper suggest that governments should incentivize firms in investing in green energies via tax cuts or subsidies to improve environmental quality, further stimulating the creation of new jobs and new employment opportunities.

ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero. Are Green Energies Employment Friendly? Empirical Evidence for Some OECD Countries over the 1985–2013 Period. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3963 .

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Nazzareno Ruggiero. Are Green Energies Employment Friendly? Empirical Evidence for Some OECD Countries over the 1985–2013 Period. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (14):3963.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Nazzareno Ruggiero. 2019. "Are Green Energies Employment Friendly? Empirical Evidence for Some OECD Countries over the 1985–2013 Period." Sustainability 11, no. 14: 3963.

Article
Published: 02 March 2019 in Quality & Quantity
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There are various types of environmental indexes or indicators in the literature. In this paper, we propose a new index that is able to point out the important relationship between environmental protection and investments in innovation processes. We identify the index with the acronym EICI (environmental innovation comparative index). This new empirical tool can represent a new way to illustrate how the level of innovation can determine different levels of air pollution in the world. We use generalized method of moments (GMM) and ordinary least squares (OLS) models to investigate how this new index impacts the variations in greenhouse gas emissions and we underline some fundamental policy implications. Considering the levels of the EICI and the empirical analysis of the role of this index then we conclude that enforcing new environmental agreements with some fundamental rules, as the incentive to reduce the technological gaps among the countries, is crucial to protect the environment and at same time stimulate the investment for innovation in all countries of the world.

ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Giovanna Bimonte; Luigi Senatore. Cooperation, diffusion of technology and environmental protection: a new index. Quality & Quantity 2019, 53, 1913 -1940.

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Giovanna Bimonte, Luigi Senatore. Cooperation, diffusion of technology and environmental protection: a new index. Quality & Quantity. 2019; 53 (4):1913-1940.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Giovanna Bimonte; Luigi Senatore. 2019. "Cooperation, diffusion of technology and environmental protection: a new index." Quality & Quantity 53, no. 4: 1913-1940.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2019 in Regional Studies
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ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Ornella Wanda Maietta; Roberto Zotti. Academic excellence, local knowledge spillovers and innovation in Europe. Regional Studies 2019, 53, 1058 -1069.

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Ornella Wanda Maietta, Roberto Zotti. Academic excellence, local knowledge spillovers and innovation in Europe. Regional Studies. 2019; 53 (7):1058-1069.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Ornella Wanda Maietta; Roberto Zotti. 2019. "Academic excellence, local knowledge spillovers and innovation in Europe." Regional Studies 53, no. 7: 1058-1069.

Original manuscript
Published: 31 January 2019 in Journal of Regional Science
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We test whether there is a link between the performance of universities, measured through a concept of efficiency, and the economic development of the regions in which they operate. Indicators of teaching, research and third mission are considered as outputs. To handle endogeneity problems between the efficiency of universities and economic development, a system generalized method of moments and then an instrumental variable approach are used. Our findings reveal that the presence of efficient universities fosters local economic development. Knowledge spillovers occur to areas that are in close geographical proximity to efficient universities. Results are robust to different estimation strategies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Tommaso Agasisti; Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. Research, knowledge transfer, and innovation: The effect of Italian universities’ efficiency on local economic development 2006−2012. Journal of Regional Science 2019, 59, 819 -849.

AMA Style

Tommaso Agasisti, Cristian Barra, Roberto Zotti. Research, knowledge transfer, and innovation: The effect of Italian universities’ efficiency on local economic development 2006−2012. Journal of Regional Science. 2019; 59 (5):819-849.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tommaso Agasisti; Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. 2019. "Research, knowledge transfer, and innovation: The effect of Italian universities’ efficiency on local economic development 2006−2012." Journal of Regional Science 59, no. 5: 819-849.

Article
Published: 22 September 2018 in Quality & Quantity
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Economists recognize that the local availability of higher human capital represents significant knowledge spillovers, especially for innovation process. This research question is tested on a sample of Italian manufacturing companies, originally edited by Mediocredito Centrale and currently carried out by the Capitalia Banking Group’s Research Department over two waves: 2001–2003 and 2004–2007. The aim of our work is to investigate the role of human capital (measured as educational level) for innovation process in particular contexts, where the highest educated people and the highest innovation levels are differently located. To this end, we select the Italy country, characterized by a relevant North-South economic divide. Our analysis suggests that the positive spillovers can arise because the firms generate more technology innovation than those located in areas with higher educational attainment workforce. The more efficient macro regions who produce highly skilled graduates have, in a sense, saturated their contribution on firms’ innovation (i.e. that have already reached their steady state). The role of some factors (size, technological and territorial) to the probability of firm’s innovation has also been investigated.

ACS Style

Luigi Aldieri; Cristian Barra; Concetto Paolo Vinci. The role of human capital in identifying the drivers of product and process innovation: empirical investigation from Italy. Quality & Quantity 2018, 53, 1209 -1238.

AMA Style

Luigi Aldieri, Cristian Barra, Concetto Paolo Vinci. The role of human capital in identifying the drivers of product and process innovation: empirical investigation from Italy. Quality & Quantity. 2018; 53 (3):1209-1238.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luigi Aldieri; Cristian Barra; Concetto Paolo Vinci. 2018. "The role of human capital in identifying the drivers of product and process innovation: empirical investigation from Italy." Quality & Quantity 53, no. 3: 1209-1238.

Original article
Published: 27 August 2018 in Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics
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Relying upon highly territorially disaggregated data taken at labour market areas, the paper explores the relationship between bank performances and financial stability of the banking system taking into account the role of market concentration. The z‐score is used as financial stability indicator, while the performance of financial intermediaries is measured using a parametric method recently developed (Kumbhakar et al. 2014). The empirical evidence shows a positive relationship between bank performance and financial stability and supports the ‘concentration–stability’ view for non‐cooperative banks only when concentration is measured on the whole sample of banks. Differences in the performance–stability nexus seem to depend more on the type of banks rather than different levels of market concentration. Higher market concentration of cooperative banks affects systemic stability by reducing the z‐scores of non‐cooperative banks, supporting the hypothesis that the presence of non‐profit‐maximizing entities can pull down stability of other financial institutions.

ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. BANK PERFORMANCE, FINANCIAL STABILITY AND MARKET CONCENTRATION: EVIDENCE FROM COOPERATIVE AND NON-COOPERATIVE BANKS. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics 2018, 90, 103 -139.

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Roberto Zotti. BANK PERFORMANCE, FINANCIAL STABILITY AND MARKET CONCENTRATION: EVIDENCE FROM COOPERATIVE AND NON-COOPERATIVE BANKS. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics. 2018; 90 (1):103-139.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. 2018. "BANK PERFORMANCE, FINANCIAL STABILITY AND MARKET CONCENTRATION: EVIDENCE FROM COOPERATIVE AND NON-COOPERATIVE BANKS." Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics 90, no. 1: 103-139.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Socio-Economic Planning Sciences
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In recent years more and more numerous are the rankings published in newspapers or technical reports available, covering many aspects of higher education, but in many cases with very conflicting results between them, due to the fact that universities' performances depend on the set of variables considered and on the methods of analysis employed. This study measures the efficiency of Italian higher education using both parametric and non-parametric techniques and uses the results to provide guidance to university managers and policymakers regarding the most appropriate method for their needs. The findings reveal that, on average and among the macro-areas of the country, the level of efficiency does not change significantly among estimation approaches, which produce different rankings, instead. This may have important implications as rankings have a strong impact on academic decision-making and behaviour, on the structure of the institutions and also on students and graduates recruiters

ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Raffaele Lagravinese; Roberto Zotti. Does econometric methodology matter to rank universities? An analysis of Italian higher education system. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 2018, 62, 104 -120.

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Raffaele Lagravinese, Roberto Zotti. Does econometric methodology matter to rank universities? An analysis of Italian higher education system. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences. 2018; 62 ():104-120.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Raffaele Lagravinese; Roberto Zotti. 2018. "Does econometric methodology matter to rank universities? An analysis of Italian higher education system." Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 62, no. : 104-120.

Preprint
Published: 01 January 2018
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Financial stability is a prerequisite for sustainable economic development. Assuming that financial stability is a public good, with a negative effect on social welfare and on economic development when risks are not properly controlled, will make regulators ensuring the smooth functioning of the system, promoting regional development and making the health of the financial institutions. This paper contributes to the literature on the relationship between financial stability and growth within the regions of one country, implying that institutional, legal and cultural factors are more adequately controlled and financial markets more accurately bounded. Using a rich sample of Italian banks over the 2001–2012 period, the paper addresses whether different measures of financial distress affect economic development of labour market areas in Italy. Results show that financial stability has a positive effect on local economic development mainly explained by the bank’s return on average assets.

ACS Style

Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. Financial Stability as a Public Policy Goal to Increase Local Economic Development: an Empirical Investigation from Italian Labour Market Areas. 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Cristian Barra, Roberto Zotti. Financial Stability as a Public Policy Goal to Increase Local Economic Development: an Empirical Investigation from Italian Labour Market Areas. . 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristian Barra; Roberto Zotti. 2018. "Financial Stability as a Public Policy Goal to Increase Local Economic Development: an Empirical Investigation from Italian Labour Market Areas." , no. : 1.